5 Things You Should Know About Fronthaul

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5 THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT FRONTHAUL

description

In this presentation we discuss the following topics surrounding fronthaul: 1. Why fronthaul? 2. Capacity requirements 3. Latency requirements 4. Fronthaul and small cells 5. Transport for Fronthaul

Transcript of 5 Things You Should Know About Fronthaul

Page 1: 5 Things You Should Know About Fronthaul

5 THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT FRONTHAUL

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AGENDA

1) WHY FRONTHAUL?

2) CAPACITY REQUIREMENTS

3) LATENCY REQUIREMENTS

4) FRONTHAUL AND SMALL CELLS

5) TRANSPORT FOR FRONTHAUL

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WHY FRONTHAUL?

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THE DATA STORM

Growth from 1.6 EB per month in 2013 to 11.2EB in 2017 (66%)*

CAPACITY GROWTH

HANDHELD DEVICES

NETWORK COSTS

MOBILE BROADBAND By 2017 there will be an increase on 67% in handheld devices*

CAPEX will increase worldwide by 6% in 2014 to $104.5 billion**

1.5 Billion Mobile Broadband Subscribers Predicted By 2015**

*Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index **Source ABI Research

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DENSER NETWORKS

This has several problems: How to meet the required coverage and capacity? How to deal with interference? How to manage increased complexity:

To increase spectral efficiency? To manage customer’s data? To deal with higher CAPEX and OPEX?

the only way to deal with the data storm is to have denser wireless networks with increasing spectral efficiency

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STRATEGIES FOR DENSER NETWORKS

RAN DECENTRALIZATION (SON, HETNETS)

TRADITIONAL MACRO CELLS ALL IN ONE BBU / SMALL CELLS

BACKHAUL

RAN CENTRALIZATION (C-RAN)

DISTRIBUTED ANTENNAS (DAS) REMOTE RADIO HEADS (RRH)

FRONTHAUL

WiFi OFFLOAD OFFLOAD

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WHAT IS FRONTHAUL? ‘CENTRALIZED’ OR ‘CLOUD’ - RAN

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BASE STATION SPLIT

SYSTEM SOFTWARE

POWER SYSTEM

BAS

E ST

ATIO

N

TRANSPORT MODULE BASE BAND MODULE

RF MODULE

CONTROL MODULE

FRONT HAUL BBU / DU

(REC CPRI) digital base band

RRH (REC CPRI)

analog frequency functions

NETWORK INTERFACE

AIR INTERFACE

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ADVANTAGES OF C-RAN

Resource pooling Greener infrastructure (re-use) Base station virtualization Simplified management and operation Coordination for interference mitigation (ICIC) Multi technology support No GPS in each remote site

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MAIN C-RAN CHALLENGE IS FRONTHAUL

High capacity low latency Fronthaul is needed Fronthaul distance is limited due to latency Base band interconnection in BBU hotel Lack of management tools on Fronthaul links No statistical multiplexing on Fronthaul links

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C-RAN offers many benefits for operators however Fronthaul challenges need to be addressed

Takeaway:

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CAPACITY REQUIREMENTS

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CPRI- NO COMPRESSION

WCDMA5 MHz 10 MHz 20 MHz

3 Sector, 4x4 MIMO, 1 Carrier 922 Mbps 7.4 Gbps 14.7 Gbps1 Sector, 2x2 MIMO, 1 Carrier 246 Mbps 1.2 Gbps 2.5 Gbps

LTEScenario

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COMPRESSION OF BASEBAND USER DATA

Multiple baseband compression techniques are currently being researched Commercially available IQ

compression causes some distortion in IQ constellation IQ compression currently is below

a ratio of 3 to 1

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CPRI- COMPRESSION (2.5 RATIO)

WCDMA5 MHz 10 MHz 20 MHz

3 Sectors, 4x4 MIMO, 1 Carrier 369 Mbps 2.9 Gbps 5.9 Gbps1 Sector, 2x2 MIMO, 1 Carrier 98 Mbps 461 Mbps 983 Mbps

ScenarioLTE

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Compression will likely be required to make wireless CPRI Fronthaul a reality

Takeaway:

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LATENCY REQUIREMENTS

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CPRI-ROUND TRIP LATENCY (LTE)

“cable length latency”

+

CORE CPRI

BBU

TRANSMISSION MEDIUM (FIBER / MICROWAVE)

RRH

IP BACKHAUL

RRH CPRI CPRI

B

C

A

A B C + TOTAL LATENCY= }

FOR CPRI= 5 µs STANDARD DEPENDENT

FOR LTE (100/200 µs)

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CPRI latency requirement (<200us) will demand the use of ultra low latency Fronthaul solutions

Takeaway:

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FRONTHAUL AND SMALL CELLS

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EXPANSION USING FRONTHAUL + SMALL CELL CELL SPLIT USING FRONT HAUL TRADITIONAL MACRO CELL DEPLOYMENT

Source: NGMN

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TRADITIONAL DEPLOYMENT + SMALL CELL (BACKHAUL) TRADITIONAL MACRO CELL DEPLOYMENT MACRO CELL + SMALL CELL DEPLOYMENT

Source: NGMN BACKHAUL

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Operators will use a combination of CRAN/RRH and Small Cells

Takeaway:

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TRANSPORT FOR FRONTHAUL

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FIBER / MICROWAVE FRONTHAUL COMPARISON

FIBER 70/80 GHz MICROWAVE LICENSED MICROWAVE (6 to 42 GHz)

CAPACITY:1 SECTOR,10MHz, 2x2 MIMO, 1 CARRIER, NO COMPRESSIONCAPACITY:1 SECTOR,10MHz, 2x2 MIMO, 1 CARRIER, COMPRESSION: 2.5LATENCY

CapacityWDM self seeded PON 1 fiber upto 10 Gbps per RRH

2.5 Gbps 1.2 Gbps

LOS LOSParabolic antenna Parabolic antenna

LINK LENGTHS Maximum 40Km Maximum 2Km Maximum 60Km

LATENCY 5 µs per Km 3 µs per Km + processing (between 5µsec and 50µsec)

3 µs per Km + processing (between 60µsec and 298µsec)

CAPEX Very high Medium MediumOPEX Low Low Low

SOLU

TIO

NS SITE LOCATION /RESTRICTIONS Right of way issues

REQ

UIR

EMEN

TS 1.2 Gbps

461 Mbps

<200 µs for LTE

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Single channel compressed CPRI is the most likely application for centimeter wave microwave Fronthaul

Takeaway:

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1. C-RAN offers many benefits for operators however Fronthaul challenges need to be addressed

2. Compression will likely be required to make wireless CPRI Fronthaul a reality

3. CPRI latency requirement (<200us) will demand the use of ultra low latency Fronthaul solutions

4. Operators will use a combination of CRAN/RRH and Small Cells

5. Single channel compressed CPRI is the most likely application for centimeter wave microwave Fronthaul

CONCLUSIONS

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W W W . AV I AT N E T W O R K S . C O M