5 th Grade Life Science toad Have you ever wondered how animals are able to survive in the wild?...
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Transcript of 5 th Grade Life Science toad Have you ever wondered how animals are able to survive in the wild?...
5th Grade Life Science
toad
Have you ever wondered how animals are able to survive in the
wild?
Animals have certain adaptations that help
them to survive.
Who is more fit to their environment?
• Polar bears are not naturally found where there are brick walls and dirt.
The brown bear blends in with the flora found in the Canadian wilderness.
That’s better!
Think about the way you dress in the winter.
You don’t wear your shorts and bathing suit when it’s snowing outside!
You wear warm clothes, and maybe even a hat and mittens to protect
yourself from the weather.
And what if you are having a snowball fight?
You probably run away from the person throwing at you,
and maybe even try to sneak up on that person and
throw some snowballs!
The way you dress in the winter, as well as the way that you run and hide from
someone throwing snow at you are kinds of …
Adaptations
We can separate adaptations into two categories:
Physical and Behavioral
Physical adaptations
are body structures that allow an animal to find and consume food, defend itself,
and to reproduce its species.Physical
adaptations help an animal survive in its environment.
Hey! I’m a walking
stick. I look just like a
stick you’d find on the
ground.
© A. Weinberg
Physical adaptation
Camouflage (use of color in a surrounding)
The chameleon can change its color to match its surroundings. Can you do that?
Mimicry (looking or sounding like another living
organism)
The Viceroy butterfly uses mimicry to look like the Monarch butterfly. Can you tell them apart?
Poisonous
Not poisonous
Physical adaptation
I’m the Monarch!
I’m the Viceroy!
Chemical defenses (like venom, ink, sprays)
Physical adaptation
Body coverings & parts (claws, beaks, feet, armor plates, skulls, teeth)
Physical adaptations
The elephant’s trunk is a physical adaptation that helps it to clean itself, eat, drink, and to pick
things up.
Now let’s learn about
Behavioral Adaptations…
Behavioral Adaptations allow organisms to respond
to life needs.
Each organism has unique methods of adapting to its environment by means of
different actions or behaviors.
Behavioral Adaptations are organisms’ actions.
Remember that physical adaptations are body
structures.
We can divide Behavioral Adaptations into two groups:
Instinctive Learned
These behaviors happen naturally & don’t have to
be learned.
These behaviors must be taught.
Instinctive behaviors happen
naturally & don’t need to
be learned
=
Finding shelter
Methods of gathering & storing food
Defending oneself
Raising young
Hibernating
Migrating
Learned behaviors
Obtained by interacting with the environment and cannot be
passed on to the next generation
except by teaching.
=
Review . . .In this lesson, we have learned about
animal adaptations.
There are 2 ways to describe adaptations:
Physical and Behavioral
Physical adaptations are body structures.
Some examples of physical adaptations are:
Camouflage
Mimicry
Body coverings & parts
Chemical defenses
Behavioral Adaptations are animals’ actions.
Behavioral Adaptations can beInstinctive or Learned.
How do adaptations help animals survive in their environment?
• Remember, an adaptation is a body part or behavior that helps an animal survive in a particular environment.
• Adaptation can help an animal breathe, catch food, protect itself, get water, or reproduce.
• All organisms are adapted to live in certain habitats.• Organisms that cannot adapt will become ill or perish.• Organisms that are adapted to their environment will
reproduce and make offspring with the same adaptations.
Adaptation Questions on TAKS
• TAKS likes adaptation questions.
• For these, think about the environment the organism is in and what its MOST important needs are!
• Examples• Desert species need water, cooling system• Tundra species need to keep warm• Saltwater species need to remove extra salt, breath
underwater
Animal Adaptation Purposes
Control Body Temperature
Polar Bear - thick fur and blubber
Desert Animals – Nocturnal – long ears
Animal Adaptation PurposesGetting Food
Shape of a Bird's Beak
Parrot - short curved for cracking seeds and nuts
Duck - Long, flat for sieving
Long-legged Wader – spear-shaped for catching fish
Hummingbird - long straw-like
Animal Adaptation PurposesGetting Food
Finch – On Galapagos Islands, gold finches have 3 different types of beaks depending on what they eat Seeds – thick, heavy beakinsects – sharp, pointed beakfruit – short, stubby beak
Giraffe - long neck
Anteater - long tongue
Animal Adaptation PurposesGetting Food
Shape of a Bird's Beak
Carnivore – sharp pointed teeth for tearing
Herbivore – flat teeth for grinding
Animal Adaptation Purposes
Protection from Predators
Hedgehogs - sharp spines
Turtles and Snails - shells
Skunk- spray chemicals
Bees and wasps - sting
Animal Adaptation Purposes
Protection from Predators
Brown moth - color blends into environment
Flounder – buries itself in the sand
Animal Adaptation Purposes
Movement
Squirrel - climb trees
Duck - webbed feet to push through the water
Animal Adaptation Purposes
Movement
Camel – wide feet to move over sandwithout sinking in; feet have callusesto help protect them from burning on the hot sand
Owls – fringed flight feathersmuffle the sound of air passingthrough their feathers makingtheir flight silent
Plant Adaptation Purposes
Leaf Shape
Large Leaves -Rainforest plants so can get more sunlight
Evergreens – Don’t have to use energy to re-grow leaves each spring
Plant Adaptation Purposes
Water Conservation
Cacti - thick trucks and branches to store water; shallow roots to absorbrain
Waxy Layer on leaves - prevents water from evaporation
Plant Adaptation Purposes
Protection from Predators
Thorns - keeps animals from eating
Plant Adaptation Purposes
Reproduction Colors – attract insects so they will spread the flower’s pollen
TAKS Questions
1 Brightly colored flowers are most often pollinated by —
F windG mammalsH rainfallJ insects
2 All of the characteristics listed above are useful for gathering food EXCEPT —
A 1B 2C 3D 4
Characteristics of
a Hummingbird
1. Colorful feathers
2. Narrow beak
3. Small body
4. Strong wings
24 Which part of a jackrabbit most helps it escape predators?
F Long legsG Thick furH Short tailJ Small head
25 The African baobab tree has a huge trunk that can store as much as 100 kiloliters of water. This adaptation would be an advantage in a climate that is very —
F coldG dryH windyJ sunny
27 Which skull belongs to an animal best adapted for catching and eating fish?
A C
B D
29 The mole is an animal that digs tunnels. Which of the following characteristics would NOT be an advantage to a mole?
A Sharp clawsB Large earsC Small eyesD Strong legs
30 Some salamanders have a sticky tongue and a wide mouth lined with teeth. These animals most likely feed on —
F insects and other tiny animalsG leaves and other plant structuresH algae and other microorganismsJ dead and decaying materials
31 As seagulls fly over the water, they sometimes dive into the water to catch prey. Which of these senses is useful to seagulls that feed in this manner?
A SightB SmellC HearingD Touch
32 Which of the following characteristics would NOT give animals an advantage in the ocean?
F Long body hairG A smooth bodyH Structures that sense movementJ A strong sense of smell
33 The type of penguin shown in the picture above lives in the icy lands of Antarctica. The male penguins huddle together in a tightgroup. They stay in these tight groups most likely because they are —
F looking for the sunG hiding from predatorsH sharing body heatJ fighting over a piece of food
34Which of the following characteristics of a field mouse is most likely inherited from its parents?
F Brown furG Torn earH Scar on its legJ Chipped tooth
35 Which of the following is an inherited trait in African clawed frogs?
A The location of wave detectors on the frogsB The location of the frogs in a pondC The number of insects eaten by the frogs in an hourD The number of times the frogs look for insects in an hour
36 Coyotes learn some of their behaviors as they move around in their environment. Which behavior is most likely learned?
A RunningB Drinking waterC Avoiding cactiD Sleeping
37 Raccoons living in cities have learned to open lids of garbage cans. This is an example of an animal —
A adapting to its environmentB inheriting the ability to change its dietC being tamed by humansD becoming a plant eater
38 Which of these is an example of a learned behavior?
A C
B D
Shake and Learn
• Lyrics
• Practice singing
• Match pictures and descriptions
• Worksheet
• Extension: Bulletin Board Set
Website Fun…
• http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/10_11/interdependence.shtml
• http://www.ecokids.ca/pub/eco_info/topics/climate/adaptations/index.cfm