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5 PEN PC TECHNOLOGY

Abstract

Five pen pc shortly called as P- ISM (Pen -style Personal Networking Gadget Package)), is nothing but the new discovery, which is under developing stage by NEC Corporation. P- ISM is a gadget package including five functions: a CPU pen, communication pen with a cellular phone function, virtual keyboard, a very small projector, and a camera. P- ISMs are connected with one another through short-range wireless technology. The whole set is also connected to the Internet through the cellular phone function. This personal gadget in a minimalist pen style enables the ultimate ubiquitous computing.The design concept uses five different pens to make a computer. One pen is a CPU, another camera, one creates a virtual keyboard, another projects the visual output i.e., the display and another is the communicator. All five pens can rest in a holding block which recharges the batteries and holds the mass storage. Each pen communicates wireless, possibly with the help of a Bluetooth. This 'PEN SORT OF INSTRUMENT' produces both the monitor as well as the keyboard on any flat surfaces from where you can carry out functions you would normally do on your desktop computer. This is only an example for the start of new technology.

IntroductionComputer affects our life in a much bigger way then most of us might have thought. It has become a compulsory requirement in most professions to be able to use computer software. The first computer invented was the ENIAC in 1943 which was the same size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern PCs. Modern computers which are based on integrated circuits are small enough to fit into mobile devices. One of the most compacted computers out right now are table computers with the most popular being the IPad, but even that is 9.1inch and weighing about 700grams. But imagine having a computerwill fit on your pencil case.

P-ISM (Pen-style Personal Networking Gadget Package), which is nothing but the new discovery, which is under developing, stage by NEC Corporation. P-ISM is a gadget package including five functions: a pen-style cellular phone with a handwriting data input function, virtual keyboard, a very small projector, camera scanner, and personal ID key with cashless pass function. P-ISMs are connected with one another through short-range wireless technology. The whole set is also connected to the Internet through the cellular phone function. This personal gadget in a minimalist pen style enables the ultimate ubiquitous computing. It is shown below A tablet personal computer (tablet PC) is a portable personal computer equipped with a touch screen as a primary input device and designed to be operated and owned by an individual. The term was made popular as a concept presented by Microsoft in 2001, but tablet PCs now refer to any tablet-sized personal computer, even if it's not using Windows but another PC operating system. Tablets may use virtual keyboards and handwriting recognition for text input through the touchscreen.All tablet personal computers have a wireless adapter for Internet and local network connection. Software applications for tablet PCs include office suites, web browsers, games and a variety of applications. However, since portable computer hardware components are low powered, demanding PC applications may not provide an ideal experience to the user.

COMPONENTS NAME

HISTORY

The conceptual prototype of the "pen" computer was built in 2003. The prototype device, dubbed the "P-ISM", was a "Pen-style Personal Networking Gadget" created in 2003 by Japanese technology company NEC. The P-ISM was featured at the 2003 ITU Telecom World held in Geneva, Switzerland .The designer of the 5 Pen Technology ,Toru Ichihash, said that In developing this concept he asked himself What is the future of IT when it is small? The pen was a logical choice. He also wanted a product that you could touch and feel. Further, the intent is toallow for an office anywhere.However, although a conceptual prototype of the "pen" computer was built in 2003, such devices are not yet available to consumers .An article about the device published on the Wave Report website in 2004.A Pen-style Personal Networking Gadget Package .It seemsthat informationterminals areinfinitely getting smaller. However, wewill continue to manipulate them with our hands for now. We have visualized the connection between the latest technology and the human, in a form of a pen. P-ISM is a gadget package including five functions: a pen-style cellular phone with a handwriting data input function, virtual keyboard, a very small projector, camera scanner, and personal ID key with cashless pass function. P-ISMs are connected with one another through short-range wireless technology .The whole set is also connected to the Internet through the cellular phone function. Thispersonal gadget in a minimalistic pen style enables the ultimate ubiquitous computing .However, the prototype displayed at ITU Telecom World was apparently the only sample that was built and reportedly cost $30,000. Thus, while the prototype may have proved that such technology is feasible, it is currently unclear when - or even if - personal computers of this type will become available to the public. Several years on from the initial launch of the P-ISM conceptual prototype, there seems to be little information available about future plans.

What is 5 pen pc technology?? P-ISM ("Pen-style Personal Networking Gadget Package"), which is nothing but the new discovery, which is under developing, stage by NEC Corporation.5 Pen PC Technologyis a gadget package including five functions: a pen-style cellular phone with a handwriting data input function, virtual keyboard, a very small projector, camera scanner, and personal ID key with cashless pass function.5 Pen PC Technologyare connected with one another through short-range wireless technology. The whole set is also connected to the Internet through the cellular phone function. This personal gadget in a minimalist pen style enables the ultimate ubiquitous computing.In fact, no-one expects much activity on 802.11n installations until the middle of 2008. "Rolling out 802.11n would mean a big upgrade for customers who already have full Wi-Fi coverage, and would be a complex add-on to existing wired networks, for those who haven't. Bluetooth is widely used because we can able to transfer data or make connections without wires.5 Pen PC Technologyis very effective because we can able to connect whenever we need without having wires.5 Pen PC Technologyare used at the frequency band of 2.4 GHz ISM (although they use different access mechanisms). Blue tooth mechanism is used for exchanging signal status information between two devices.5 Pen PC Technologytechniques have been developed that do not require communication between the two devices (such as Blue tooth's Adaptive Frequency Hopping), the most efficient and comprehensive solution for the most serious problems can be accomplished by silicon vendors. They can implement information exchange capabilities within the designs of the Blue tooth. The circuit diagram for the 802.11B/G is given below. It is nothing but also type of Blue tooth. Using this connectivity we can also connect it with the internet and can access it anywhere in the world.

The five components of 5 Pen pc Technology1. CPU PEN2. COMMUNICATON PEN3. VIRTUAL KEYBOARD4. LED PROJECTOR5. DIGITAL CAMERA

1.CPU PENThe functionality of the CPU is done by one of the pen. It is also known as computing engine. It consists of dual core processor embedded in it and it works with WINDOWS operation system. The central processing unit (CPU) is the portion of a computer system that carries out the instructions of a computer program, and is the primary element carrying out the computer's functions. The central processing unit carries out each instruction of the program in sequence, to perform the basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations of the system. This term has been in use in the computer industry at least since the early 1960s.The form, design and implementation of CPU shave changed dramatically since the earliest examples, but their fundamental operation remains much the same. Early CPUs were custom-designed as apart of a larger, sometimes one-of-a-kind, and computer. However, this costly method of designing custom CPUs for a particular application has largely given way to the development of mass-produced processors that are made for one or many purposes. This standardization trend generally began in the era of discrete transistor mainframes and mini computers and has rapidly accelerated with the popularization of the integrated circuit(IC). The IC has allowed increasingly complex CPUs to be designed and manufactured to tolerances on the order of nanometers. Both the miniaturization and standardization of CPUs have increased the presence of these digital devices in modern life far beyond the limited application of dedicated computing machines. Modern microprocessors appear in everything from automobiles to cell phones and children's toys.

The functionality of the CPU is done by one of the pen:

It is also known as computing engine. Dual core processor is used. Works with windows operating system

2. COMMUNICATON PENP-ISMs are connected with one another through short-range wireless technology. The whole set is also connected to the Internet through the cellular phonefunction. They are connected through Tri-wireless modes (Bluetooth, 802.11B/G, and Cellular) which are made small and kept in a small pen like device.Some of the communication pen are cell phone, pressure sensitive, pointer and earpiece, pointing device.In fact, no-one expects much activity on 802.11n installations until the middle of 2008. Rolling out 802.11n would mean a big upgrade for customers who already have full Wi-Fi coverage, and would be a complex add-on to existing wired networks, for those who haven't. Bluetooth is widely used because we can able to transfer data or make connections without wires. This is very effective because we can able to connect whenever we need without having wires. They are used at the frequency band of 2.4 GHz ISM (although they use different access mechanisms).

Bluetooth mechanism is used for exchanging signal status information between two devices. This techniques have been developed that do not require communication between the two devices (such as Bluetooths Adaptive Frequency Hopping), the most efficient and comprehensive solution for the most serious problems can be accomplished by silicon vendors. They can implement information exchange capabilities within the designs of the Bluetooth. The circuit diagram for the 802.11B/G is given below. It is nothing but also type of Bluetooth. Using this connectivity we can also connect it with the internet and can access it anywhere in the world.

3. VIRTUAL KEYBOARD The Virtual Laser Keyboard (VKB) is the ULTIMATE newgadget for PC users. The VKB emits laser on to the desk where it looks like the keyboard having QWERTY arrangement of keys i.e., it uses a laser beam to generate a full-size perfectly operating laser keyboard that smoothly connects to of PC and Most of the handheld devices (PDA's, tablet PC'). The I-Tech laser keyboard acts exactly like any other"ordinary" keyboard: A direction technology based on an optical recognition mechanism enables the user to tap on the projected key images, while producing real tapping sounds (we call it the WOW effect). It is morecompatible and it did not require any practice tooperate but you must have strong fingers to tap. The I-Tech Virtual Keyboard uses a light projection of a full-sized computer keyboard on almost any surface. Used with PDA's and Smart Phones, the Virtual Keyboard provides a practical way to do e-mail, word processing and spreadsheet tasks, enabling users to leave laptops and computers at home. VKB's adaptable technology studies the user's finger movements to interpret and record keystrokes. Because the virtual keyboard is an image projected by light, it disappears completely when not in use.

Features of virtual keyboards are:

Cellular Telephones, Space saving Computers, Laptops, Tablet PCs, Clean Rooms, Industrial Environments, Test Equipment, Sterile and MedicalEnvironments, Transport (Air, Rail, Automotive). VKB settings can be changed by Sound:Controllable Virtual Keyboard sound effects (key clicks). Connection:Connection to the appropriate Laptop/PC port. Intensity:Intensity of the projected Virtual Keyboard. Timeouts:Coordinated timeouts to conserve the Virtual Keyboard's battery life. Sensitivity:Adjustable sensitivity of the Virtual Keyboard. Auto-repeat:Allows the VKB to automatically repeat a key based on prescribed parameters.

4. LED PROJECTORThis projector pen works as a conventional projector. Its maximum display resolution is 1024x768 pixels which will provide high quality picture. It should be projected on a flat surface for better user experience and its clarity depends on the distance between the projector pen and the projected surface. Greater the distance between the two, less will be its clarity. It works in combination with communication pen and camera pen.All video projectors use a very bright light toproject the image, and most modern ones can correct any curves, blurriness, and otherinconsistencies through manual settings. Video projectors are widely used for conference room presentations, classroom training ,home theatreand live events applications. Projectors are widely used in many schools and other educational settings, connected to an interactive white board to interactively teach pupils.A video projector, also known as a digital projector, may be built into a cabinet with a rear-projectionscreen(rear projection television ,orRPTV)toformasingleunifieddisplay device, now popular for home theatre applications .Common display resolutions for a portable projector include SVGA(800600pixels),XGA(1024768 pixels), 720p(1280720 pixels), and 1080p(19201080 pixels).The cost of a device is not only determined by its resolution, but also by its brightness. Aprojector with a higherlight output (measured in lumens, symbol lm) is required for a largerscreen or a room with a high amount of ambient light.A rating of 1500 to 2500ANSI lumens or lower is suitable for smaller screens with controlled lighting or low ambient light. Between 2500 and 4000 lm is suitable for medium-sized screens with some ambient light ordimmed light. Over 4000 lm is appropriate for very large screens in a large room with no lightingcontrol (for example, aconference room). Projected imagesize isimportant; because the total amount oflight does notchange, as size increases, brightness decreases. Image sizes are typically measured in linear terms, diagonally, obscuring the fact that larger images require much more light (proportional to the image area, not just the length of a side).Increasing the diagonal measure of the image by 25% reduces the image brightness by more than one-third (35%); an increase of 41% reduces brightness by half.

The role of monitor is taken by LED Projector which projects on the screen.The size of the projector is of A4 size.It has theapproximate resolution capacity of 1024 X 768.Thus it is gives more clarity and good picture

5. DIGITAL CAMERAThe digital camera is in the shape of pen .It is useful in video recording, video conferencing, simply it is called as web cam. It is also connected with other devices through Blue tooth. It is a 360 degrees visual communication device. This terminal will enable us to know about the surrounding atmosphere and group to group communication with a round display and a central super wide angle camera.A digital camera (or digicam) is a camera that takes video or still photographs, or both, digitally by recording images via an electronic image sensor. Most 21st century cameras are digital. Digital cameras can do things film cameras cannot: displaying images on a screen immediately after they are recorded, storing thousands of images on a single small memory device, and deleting images to free storage space. The majority, including most compact cameras, can record moving video with sound as well as still photographs. Some can crop and stitch pictures and performs other elementary image editing. Some have a GPS receiver built in, and can produce Geotagged photographs.We had digital camera in the shape of pen .oIt is useful in video recording, video conferencing, simply it is called as web cam.oIt is also connected with other devices through Bluetooth.oThe major advantage it is small which is easily portable. It is a 360-Degree Visual Communication Device.oWe have seen video phones hundreds of times in movies.oConventional visual communications at a distance have been limited due to the display devices and terminals.oThis terminal enables showing of the surrounding atmosphere and group-to-group communication with a round display and a central super-wide-angle camera.

ADVANTAGES

Portable Feasible Ubiquitous

Makes use of Wi-Fi technology

Mobility

Touch and feel the technology

It is convenient to use because of its portability (small and compact).

It supports wireless technologies.

Excellent battery life(up to 2 weeks)

DISADVANTAGES

Currently unclear

Cost

Easily misplaced

As the gadget is very costly the consumer cannot afford to purchase them.

The virtual keyboards are already present in various companies like Lumio and Virtual Devices Inc.

It works on wireless technologies and therefore it has limitations of range.

It is exorbitantly expensive.

One of the components can be easily misplaced.

Projection surface should be flat for optimum usage.

BATTERY:

The most important part in the portable type of computer is its battery. Usually batteries must be small in size and work for longer time. It comes with a battery life of 6+. For normal use it can be used for 2 weeks.

Merits Of 5 PEN PCSA 5 Pen PC have several merits.They are :

1.Portable:-The first and most important advantage of the 5 pen pc are that they are portable. Due to its size they can be carried anywhere . These PC's are in the shape of pens and that's why they can be carried in small bags or even in our pockets. Aportable computeris a computer that is designed to be moved from one place to another and includes a display and keyboard. They can also be called a 'Portable Workstation' or 'Portable PC'.5Pen PC are the most easily portable pc ever made. Another major merit is that its works on battery and so it can be used whenever we want.

2.Ubiquitous computing:-Ubiquitous computing (ubicomp) is a post-desktop model of human-computer interaction in which information processing has been thoroughly integrated into everyday objects and activities. In the course of ordinary activities, someone "using" ubiquitous computing engages many computational devices and systems simultaneously, and may not necessarily even be aware that they are doing so. This model is usually considered an advancement from the desktop padgim . More formally Ubiquitous computing is defined as "machines that fit the human environment instead of forcing humans to enter theirs".

3.Wi-Fi technology:-The another major important merit of a 5 pen pc is that its has a Wi-Fi technology built in it through which the user can connect to the internet very easily. Wifi, is a mechanism that allows electronic devices to exchange data wirelessly over a computer network. A device enabled with Wi-Fi, such as a personal computer, video game console, smart phone, tablet, or digital audio player, can connect to a network resource such as the Internet via a wireless network access point. An access point (or hotspot) has a range of about 20 meters (65 ft) indoors and a greater range outdoors. Hotspot coverage can comprise an area as small as a single room with walls that block radio signals or a large area, as much as many square miles, covered by multiple overlapping access points. To connect to a Wi-Fi LAN, a computer has to be equipped with a wireless network interface controller.

BLOCK DIAGRAM The above picture shows a block diagram of the working of the 5 PEN PC. All the five functions are illustrated clearly in the above diagram. The CPU pen is connected with the camera and the keyboard. The camera communicates with the monitor and the keystrokes are visible on the monitor. The communication pen is a cell phone which has a pointer and an ear piece. In this all the devices are connected by bluetooth.

Future Scope

The 5 Pen Pc Technology project started in the year 2003.However, the information about its release is not yet made public. Whether it will be available for the public use is still a question, because of its excessive price of 30,000$. The prototype developed by the company proves that the creation of such complex technology is feasible, but because of lack of information about its recent developments, it is unclear what the companys intentions are about this technology.

Conclusion:The communication devices are becoming smaller and compact. This is only an example for the start of this new technology. We can expect more such developments in the future. By the human needs the communication devices are becoming smaller and compactable. PC are becoming smaller and smaller. We can see that the 5 pen pc technology is one of the advanced Portable PC that is easy to carry even in our pockets and work with it any where we want. This 'pen sort of instrument' produces both the monitor as well as the keyboard on any flat surfaces from where you can carry out functions you would normally do on your desktop computer. This has also Wi-Fi technology in which user can communicate through the internet, Its another major advancement is the camera which can be used even for video conferencing. This is just a new start. We can expect much more advanced comfortable pc system in future. technology. We can expect more such developments in the future. By the human needs the communication devices are becoming smaller and compactable. PC are becoming smaller and smaller. We can see that the 5 pen pc technology is one of the advanced Portable PC that is easy to carry even in our pockets and work with it any where we want. This 'pen sort of instrument' produces both the monitor as well as the keyboard on any flat surfaces from where you can carry out functions you would normally do on your desktop computer. This has also Wi-Fi technology in which user can communicate through the internet, Its another major advancement is the camera which can be used even for video conferencing. This is just a new start. We can expect much more advanced comfortable pc system in future.