5 - NOW ITD Lecture Displays Overview 2010

8/11/2019 5 - NOW ITD Lecture Displays Overview 2010

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Dictionaries define a display as anoptical image one consumes, not as the device

that generates or transforms the image for view

Terms like electronic display, display

transducer, or display device are used to

refer to the components used to generate visual

images, as distinguished from their content

What is a DISPLAY ?


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DisplaysOverview (1)

There are only two basic families of electronicdisplays

Passive displays (modulate incident light)

Emissive displays (convert electricity into light)


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There are only three sizes of display

Microdisplays

Small & Medium Displays

Large & Very Large Displays

Diagonal dimension < 1.5 inches

2.0 inches < Diagonal dimension < 12 inches

Diagonal dimension > 12 inches


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LG.Philips 1000 x 1200

9-up 18.1

TFT Displays - Very, Very large scale ICs !!


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3 types of display system

Direct view - display image is almost the same size as thedisplay glass.

Near-to-eye - display image is viewed directly with slightmagnification, or virtually with complicated optics.

Projection - virtual display image is magnified andprojected using optical system onto a front or rear-illuminated screen.


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PLASMA EL FED VFD

Polymer Small Molecule

Organic Inorganic

LED

Emissive displays

ECD

AM TFT

LT p-Si

HT p-Si

LCOS

Active

STNTN

FLCD

PLLCD

PDLC

Passive

DLP EPD

Passive displays

CRTs Flat Panel Displays

Displays market

LCD


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Industry Vocabulary Some of the more important acronyms:

LCD Liquid Crystal Display

AM TFT LCD Active Matrix Thin Film Transistor LiquidCrystal Display

TN / STN LCD Twisted Nematic / Supertwisted Nematic

Liquid Crystal Display OLED Organic Light Emitting Diode

PLED Polymer Light Emitting Diode

TFEL Thin Film Electroluminescent Display

FED Field Emission Display VFD Vacuum Fluorescent Display

PDP Plasma Display panel

And many, many more

ECD, EPD, FLCD, PLLCD, FMLCD, AMOLED, AMEL, CRT, CPT, NCAP, PDLC, VAN LCD, DMD, LCOS..


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Industry Vocabulary (cont.)

A pixel that is usually rectangular. Often forms part of a

numeric character used to show numbers 0-9Segment/legend

Acronyms that standardise fixed numbers of pixels : QVGA =320

x 240, VGA = 640 x 480, SVGA = 800 x 600, XGA = 1024 x

768, SXGA = 1280 x 1024 (see next slide)

QVGA, VGA,

SVGA, XGA,

SXGA

A description of the number of pixels on a screen (Mpixels).

It can also refer to the density of the pixels

(number per inch, ppi, or dots per inch dpi)

resolution

A picture element, usually a square or elliptical point on the

screen.A colour pixel comprises 3 sub-pixels 1xR, 1xG, 1xBpixel


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Visual Interface Technology

Characterising Displays

Visual Matching

Resolution

Contrast

Luminance

Colour

Flicker Form Factor

Electrical Factors

AcuityHigh Definition

Text Display

Luminance ContrastColour Contrast

Positive / negative contrast

Colour ModelsDeficiency considerations

Size / weight

Data interface

PSU

EMC


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And Finally Introduction to some HUMAN FACTORS

some examples will be shown in the lecture of why it is

imperative to consider the requirements and limitations of

the user before launching into fancy display design and

implementation

Module ITEC 20121

Display Technology Overview


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Colour PDP Plasma Display Panels (Emissive)

42 +

16:9 aspect ratio

flat panel TVs

Very nice, but


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Comparison of good and baddisplay system design

Waterloo Station


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Bright light directly behind reduces visibility


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Reflections and glare cause

eye strain and fatigue


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LED Display viewed at less than minimum

viewing distance (Waterloo Station)


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LED Display viewed at correct distance

5 - NOW ITD Lecture Displays Overview 2010

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