Problems of Problems of Water Usage in Water Usage in

the North-the North-Western Region Western Region

in Bulgariain BulgariaAssist. Prof. Maria Temelkova

Dep. of Geography, NIGGG-BASSofia, 17.05.2012 г.

Northwestern part of Northwestern part of Bulgaria covers three Bulgaria covers three

districts: Vratsa, Montana districts: Vratsa, Montana and Vidin and Vidin

Montana districtMontana district

Montana districtMontana district

• • water supply services – 125 515 people(99%);water supply services – 125 515 people(99%);• • sewerage services – 60 620 people(50%);sewerage services – 60 620 people(50%);• • serviced settlements - 110 serviced settlements - 110 224 water sources, divided into 22 groups of 224 water sources, divided into 22 groups of

water supply, due to three types of networks - water supply, due to three types of networks - gravity, pumping and mixedgravity, pumping and mixed

74 settlements74 settlements are supplied by pumping ; are supplied by pumping ; 210 groundwater sources- provide about 5-6 210 groundwater sources- provide about 5-6

million m3 per year million m3 per year 14 catchments including dam "Srechenska 14 catchments including dam "Srechenska

bara" provide surface water up to 30 million bara" provide surface water up to 30 million m3 per yearm3 per year

Water supply system in townWater supply system in town of Montanaof Montana

Population of 43 781 inhabitantsPopulation of 43 781 inhabitants The source of Montana’s water supply The source of Montana’s water supply

system is water power system system is water power system "Srechenska bara" from which are "Srechenska bara" from which are supplied 22 settlements in the districts of supplied 22 settlements in the districts of Vratsa and Montana.Vratsa and Montana.

Dam "Srechenska bara" is an annual Dam "Srechenska bara" is an annual equalizer reservoir with a total volume - equalizer reservoir with a total volume - 15,5 million m³15,5 million m³

Designed water quantities that DWTP Designed water quantities that DWTP ”Slatina” delivers to four directions-”Slatina” delivers to four directions-

Montana, Bercovitsa, Vratsa and Montana, Bercovitsa, Vratsa and

VurshetsVurshets

Sewerage system in townSewerage system in town of of MontanaMontana

SinceSince 2010 a new treatment plant 2010 a new treatment plant provides complete biological treatment provides complete biological treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater of domestic and industrial wastewater from the town.from the town.

The capacity of the WWTP has an The capacity of the WWTP has an average daily flow of 17 840 cubic average daily flow of 17 840 cubic meters of water and organic waste 5920 meters of water and organic waste 5920 kg per day.kg per day.

TheThe WWTPWWTP is designed to serve a town is designed to serve a town with 98 000 inhabitantswith 98 000 inhabitants

Vratsa districtVratsa district

Vratsa districtVratsa district

• • water supply services – 197 691 people water supply services – 197 691 people (99,8%);(99,8%);

• • sewerage services – 116 637 people (59%);sewerage services – 116 637 people (59%);• • serviced settlements - 120 serviced settlements - 120

226 groundwater sources, divided into 11 226 groundwater sources, divided into 11 groups of water supply, due to three types groups of water supply, due to three types of networks - gravity, pumping and mixed. of networks - gravity, pumping and mixed. They provide about 21 million m3 per year They provide about 21 million m3 per year

dam "Srechenska bara" provide surface dam "Srechenska bara" provide surface water up to 24 million m3 per yearwater up to 24 million m3 per year

Water supply system in town Water supply system in town of Vratsaof Vratsa

Population of 66 916 inhabitantsPopulation of 66 916 inhabitants Vratsa is fed mainly by surface water, Vratsa is fed mainly by surface water,

which derive from the dam “Srechenska which derive from the dam “Srechenska bara” and partly by spring water bara” and partly by spring water catchments -“Bistrets”, ”catchments -“Bistrets”, ”Ludoto ezero”Ludoto ezero”, , “Medkovets” and others.“Medkovets” and others.

Water supply network of Vratza is divided Water supply network of Vratza is divided into 8 pressure zones corresponding to into 8 pressure zones corresponding to the number of existingthe number of existing pressure pressure reservoirsreservoirs

Sewerage system in town Sewerage system in town of Vratsaof Vratsa

Mixed sewage networkMixed sewage network for waste domestic for waste domestic and and storm watersstorm waters

Vratsa has operating waste water treatment plant Vratsa has operating waste water treatment plant / WWTP /. It was designed in 1966 - 1970, / WWTP /. It was designed in 1966 - 1970, established in operation gradually during 1980 -established in operation gradually during 1980 -19851985

Incoming waste water in entrance of the WWTP is Incoming waste water in entrance of the WWTP is considerably higher than the data used for the considerably higher than the data used for the detailed design of 1968 as average daily flow of 43 detailed design of 1968 as average daily flow of 43 133 m3/day133 m3/day

113 l/capita/d is currently the water consumption 113 l/capita/d is currently the water consumption according to the present water demand according to the present water demand

101.7 l / capita/ d are wastewater quantities 101.7 l / capita/ d are wastewater quantities discharged into sewers from population of the town discharged into sewers from population of the town of Vratza.of Vratza.

Vidin districtVidin district

Vidin districtVidin district

• • water supply services – 112 164 people water supply services – 112 164 people (99,6%);(99,6%);

• • sewerage services – 75 149 people (67%);sewerage services – 75 149 people (67%);• • serviced settlements - 134 serviced settlements - 134 60 water sources, divided into 4 groups 60 water sources, divided into 4 groups

of water supply, due to three types of of water supply, due to three types of networks - gravity, pumping and mixednetworks - gravity, pumping and mixed

89 settlements are supplied89 settlements are supplied by pumping ; by pumping ; 56 groundwater sources- provide about 6 56 groundwater sources- provide about 6

480 087 m3 per year 480 087 m3 per year 4 catchments provide surface water up to 4 catchments provide surface water up to

938 112 m3 per year938 112 m3 per year

Water supply system in Water supply system in town of Vidintown of Vidin

Population of 50 547 inhabitantsPopulation of 50 547 inhabitants

Town is not supplied by surface water. It Town is not supplied by surface water. It is supplied by drinking water from two is supplied by drinking water from two water catchments zones-"Slanotran’’ water catchments zones-"Slanotran’’ and "Kos" . Both zones draw their water and "Kos" . Both zones draw their water from groundwater.from groundwater.

PS"Slanotran’’-supplies about 7300 PS"Slanotran’’-supplies about 7300 thousand m3 per year thousand m3 per year

PS“Kos’’-supplies about 216 thousand PS“Kos’’-supplies about 216 thousand m3 per year m3 per year

Water supply system in town Water supply system in town of Vidinof Vidin

Water supply system of Vidin consists of two Water supply system of Vidin consists of two water sources with pumping stations, main water sources with pumping stations, main external water pipeline, external water supply external water pipeline, external water supply pipelines and distribution network.pipelines and distribution network.

The system includes a water tower with volume V The system includes a water tower with volume V = 500 m3,which is mainly used to manage water = 500 m3,which is mainly used to manage water supply system. supply system.

In the distribution network constant pressure of In the distribution network constant pressure of about 3.2 Atmosphere is maintained and there are about 3.2 Atmosphere is maintained and there are no zones of high or low pressure. The town has an no zones of high or low pressure. The town has an extremely flat terrain, which allows precise extremely flat terrain, which allows precise regulation of pressure in the networkregulation of pressure in the network

Sewerage system in town Sewerage system in town of Vidinof Vidin

Sewerage system of Vidin is mixed Sewerage system of Vidin is mixed for domesticfor domestic wastewaste and storm waters and storm waters

Domestic and storm water is pumped Domestic and storm water is pumped into the Danube through two into the Danube through two pumping stations.pumping stations.

Presently wastewater treatment plant Presently wastewater treatment plant Vidin is in construction. After its Vidin is in construction. After its completion it will help preserve the completion it will help preserve the water of the Danube.water of the Danube.

CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS Water resources formed in the Northwestern Water resources formed in the Northwestern

region of Bulgaria are generally sufficient to region of Bulgaria are generally sufficient to ensure normal supply of the settlements and the ensure normal supply of the settlements and the quality of water is goodquality of water is good

The main problem is losses in water supply The main problem is losses in water supply systems which are about 50-90%. systems which are about 50-90%.

The water management measures should be The water management measures should be reconstruction, and in some cases, complete reconstruction, and in some cases, complete replacement of water supply networks that are replacement of water supply networks that are physically and morally depreciated. physically and morally depreciated.

In many settlements sewerage system needs to be In many settlements sewerage system needs to be build or reconstructed and start construction of build or reconstructed and start construction of waste water treatment plants at least for bigger waste water treatment plants at least for bigger towns.towns.

Thank you for Thank you for attention!attention!