4G wireless

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On the road to “4G” Wireless

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Transcript of 4G wireless

Page 1: 4G wireless

On the road to

“4G” Wireless

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Evolution to ‘4G’2

CDMA(IS-95A)

GSM

CDMA(IS-95B)

cdma2000

1xEV-DORev 0/A/B

UMB802.20

2G

2.5G

3G

3.5G

3.9G

GPRS

E-GPRSEDGE

HSDPAFDD/TDD

TDMAIS-136

WCDMAFDD/TDD

TD-SCDMALCR-TDD

HSUPAFDD/TDD

HSPA+LTEE-UTRA

IEEE802.16

Fixed WiMAX802.16d

Mobile WiMAX802.16e

WiBRO

IEEE802.11

802.11g

802.11a

802.11g

802.11n

CDMA GSM/UMTS IEEE Cellular IEEE LAN

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4G – what it is ?3

4G = 4th Generation mobile communications 4G = B3G = Beyond 3rd Generation (UMTS, IMT-2000) mobile

communications Foreseen to become available after 2010 A 4G system will provide an end-to-end IP solution where voice, data and

streamed multimedia can be served to users on an "Anytime, Anywhere" basis at higher data rates than previous generations

ITU Recommandation ITU-R M.1645: Systems beyond IMT-2000 will be realized by functional fusion of existing, enhanced,

and newly developed elements of IMT-2000, nomadic wireless access systems and other wireless systems, with high commonality and seamless interworking.

Targeted data rates (with wide area coverage and significant mobility) = 50 to 100 Mbits/s

Wider bandwidth End-to-end Quality of service High security Offering any kind of services anytime, anywhere Affordable cost and one billing

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4G Features4

Support interactive multimedia, voice, video, wireless internet and other broadband services.

High speed, high capacity and low cost per bit.

Global mobility, service portability, scalable mobile networks.

Seamless switching, variety of services based on Quality of Service (QoS) requirements.

Better scheduling and call admission control techniques.

Ad hoc networks and multi-hop networks.

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4G Characteristics 5

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Broad trends - enabled by 4G networks 6

Growing mass: 4G will allow the mass-market take-up of such activities as videosharing, multimedia exchanges, and real-time and remote collaboration with very high quality of experience (QOE).

Going virtual: Change in human behavior. today, many are using networked alternatives and extensions, such as Wikipedia and Flickr -like sites

Going social: Social networks have grown very rapidly on the basis of wireline networks growth, and also introduce an element of going from one-to-one communications to one-to-many and many-to-many.

Going personal: Making services more personalized. 4G mobile network, tied to the applications that can be deployed through the combination of high speeds and low latencies to provide very personalized experiences

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Mobile subscribers forecast7

“LTE is expected to account for around 9% of all mobile subscribers by 2015”

Revenues ($ Billiion)

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Key business trends8

1. Global Telecom Spending Patterns Realigning Early growth in international capex, US capex lag

2. Rise in Mobile Data Revenues Internationally ARPUs up by 25% CAGR, US [< 5% CAGR]

3. 50% Rise in Mobile Voice Subscribers [+1.4B] International +100%, US +15% Emerging markets to remain unsaturated through 2012 Mobile broadband subscribers up 275% [+750M]

4. New Mobile Services Taking Hold – SK/Japan/Nordics Provide impetus to mobile data services

5. Operators Consolidating Domestically While Expanding Overseas

6. Total number of 4G subscribers worldwide, including both LTE & WiMAX is expected to exceed 90 million in 2013 (ABI Research)

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Trends in applications9

Mobile marketing and advertising

Business potential viewed with great enthusiasm within dominant and leading markets.

Mobile Search Knee for takeoff : replicate desktop success

M-commerce/M-Wallet SMS messaging enables interactivity with other forms of entertainment (e.g., Polling)., Credit purchases.

Mobile Gaming Evolving into “Casual Gaming” with challenges for distribution and revenue collection.

Mobile e-Mail Going mass scale as productivity enhancer to move into rank and file employees beyond executives and field sales force.

Presence, MMS, Instant Conferencing, push-to-video, and mobile news

MusicStation (UK) from Vodafone: Omniphone’s deal with Telenor (Sweden), 3 (HK), and Vodacom (SA).

Content Focus shifting from “Major Media Brand - Formal Content” to “User Generated Content” in mobile networks. Photo swapping, mobile social media, one-to-one communications

Revenue sharing Music and video sharing, with subscribers via ads and P2P E.g., SeeMeTV by 3 allows video uploaders to get paid when their content is downloaded.

Webco Platform Deals with (Vodafone/MySpace, Sprint/GOOG), Android

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Drivers for adopting 4G 10

Opportunity for bundling with other services Reducing operational costs (OPEX) Introducing new applications and services Competition pressures Consolidating number of networks Multi-play devices available in the markets Multiple terminals Smart simplicity Outstanding performance

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Technology moving towards 4G

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Different radio access technologies for 4G

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WiMAX 802.16e,WiBro

IEEE 802.20 3GPP LTE

Key technology OFDMA, MIMO OFDMA, MIMO OFDMA/SC-FDMA, MIMO

Duplex TDD/FDD TDD/FDD TDD/FDD

Channel Bandwidth

10 MHz 5 ~ 20 MHz 1.25 ~ 20 MHz

Mobility Middle High (~250 Km/h) High (~250 Km/h)

Peak Data Rate

DL 46 Mbps 260 Mbps 100 Mbps

UL 14 Mbps 60 Mbps 50 Mbps

Coverage 2 ~ 5Km (typical) MAN scale < 20km, WAN scale

Frequency Band 2 ~ 6GHz Below 3.5 GHz WCDMA band withadditional band

Commercial ready

2007 ~ 2008 unexpected 2009 ~ 2010

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Enabling technologies for 4G 13

Increase BandwidthIncrease

Bandwidth

Multi-carrier transmission Multi-carrier transmission

Broadband Wireless

Broadband Wireless

FeasibilityFeasibility

High dimensionModulation

High dimensionModulation

Spectral efficiencySpectral efficiency

E2E QoSE2E QoS

FeasibilityFeasibility

Higher Spectral efficiency

Higher Spectral efficiency

LDPC codesLDPC codes

MIMO MIMO

Common TransportCommon Transport

All IP All IP

Seamless Inter-working

Seamless Inter-working

Low latencyLow latency

Relay systemRelay system

Fast MAC Fast MAC

Fast Scheduling Fast Scheduling

Fast Resource management Fast Resource management

Cost-effectiveCost-effective

Fast Resource Control

Fast Resource Control

CognitiveRadio

CognitiveRadio

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Challenges in migration Areas Challenge Solutions

Mobile station

Multimode User Terminals

To design a single user terminal that can operate in different wireless networks, and overcome the design problems

Software radio approach can be used

Wireless System Discovery

To discover the available wireless systems by processing the signals sent from different wireless systems

User or system initiated discoveries, with automatic download or software modules for different wireless systems

Wireless System Selection

The proliferation of wireless technologies complicates the selection of most valuable technology

Wireless systems can be selected according to the best possible fit of user QoS requirements

System

Terminal Mobility To located and update the locations of the terminals in various systems.

Signaling schemes and fast handoff mechanisms are proposed

Network Infrastructure and QoS Support

To integrate the existing non-IP based and IP -based systems and to provide QoS for end to end services

Clear and comprehensive QoS for UMTS is proposed

Security Heterogeneity of wireless networks complicates the security issue

Modifications in existing security schemes may be applicable

Fault Tolerance and Survivability

To minimize the failures and potential impacts in any level of tree-like topology in wireless networks

Fault-tolerant architectures are proposed

Service

Multi-operators and Billing System

Collect, manage and store customer accounting info from multiple service providers. Also customers need detailed information.

Various billing and accounting frameworks are proposed

Personal Mobility Providing seamless personal mobility to users without modifying the existing servers in heterogeneous systems

Personal mobility frameworks are proposed

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4G Technology roadmap15

HSDPADL:14.4MbpsUL:384KbpsBW:5MHz

HSDPA/HSUPADL:14.4MbpsUL:5.76KbpsBW:5MHz

HSPADL:28MbpsUL:11.5KbpsBW:5MHz

LTEDL:100MbpsUL:50KbpsBW:20MHz

IEEE 802.16e-2004DL:14.4MbpsUL:5.76MbpsBW:5MHz

IEEE 802.16e-2005DL:14.4MbpsUL:5.76MbpsBW:5MHz

IEEE 802.16e- 2005DL:50MbpsUL:4MbpsBW:10MHz

IEEE 802.20DL: MbpsUL: MbpsBW:20MHz

MultimodeTerminal(3 modes)

MultimodeTerminal(n modes)

Multimode Terminal with load awareness network support

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

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“SWOT” Analysis – 4G16

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Comparing 3G vs 4G17

Attribute 3G 4G

Major Characteristic Predominantly voice- data as add-on Converged data and VoIP

Network Architecture Wide area Cell basedHybrid – integration of Wireless Lan (WiFi), Blue Tooth, Wide Area

Frequency Band 1.6 - 2.5 GHz 2 – 8 GHz

Component Design Optimized antenna; multi-band adapters

Smart antennas; SW multi-band; wideband radios

Bandwidth 5 – 20 MHz 100+ MHz

Data Rate 385 Kbps - 2 Mbps 20 – 100 Mbps

Access WCDMA/CDMA2000 MC-CDMA or OFDM Forward Error Correction

Convolution code 1/2, 1/3; turbo Concatenated Coding

Switching Circuit/Packet Packet

Mobile top Speed 200 kmph 200 kmph

IP Multiple versions All IP (IPv6.0)

Operational ~2003 ~2010

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4G Wireless – LTE & WiMax

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Two competing 4G standards

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Future Competition – LTE & WiMAX

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It’s an evolution & revolution from HSPA to LTE

How to protect existing investment through smooth upgrade?

LTE is 2 years later than WiMAX wave1 (performance comparable to HSPA), furious competition

LTEWiMAX

CompetitionRNC RNC

CN

NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB

aGW

eNodeB

eNodeB

IP transmission

network

SAE GW

Large amount of IP transmission resource is necessary for LTE & WiMAX

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3GPP LTE or the so-called Third Generation Partnership Programme – Long Term Evolution is the name given to a project develops the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope and manage with future requirements in terms of wireless technology. LTE will be used for mobile, fixed and portable wireless broadband access

LTE is work on the evolutionary development of the core architecture of mobile networks, called system architecture evolution (SAE).

The 3GPP group- ground has been prepared for the successful completion of Release 8 - containing specifications for LTE - by the December target. 3GPP has frozen the specifications for LTE, with final formal ratification expected in March 2009

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LTE enabling services and enriching existing 3G applications

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Gaming: real-time P2P and multiplayer gaming with console quality and performance

E-commerce: Travel services, electronic ticketing & stock

trading with assured QoS and security

Video Telephony Multimedia conferencing & net meeting: videoconference plus real time office applications

Location Based Services: user or device-based

Broadcast andMulti-cast Services: one-to-many transmission of high-quality video and audio

Industrial: Maintenance,

Military, 3D CAD

Industrial: Maintenance,

Military, 3D CAD

AV/multimedia: enhanced performance with legacy download and streaming applications

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Requirements of LTE22

Peak data rate 100 Mbps DL/ 50 Mbps UL within 20 MHz bandwidth.

Up to 200 active users in a cell (5 MHz) Less than 5 ms user-plane latency Mobility

Optimized for 0 ~ 15 km/h. 15 ~ 120 km/h supported with high performance. Supported up to 350 km/h or even up to 500 km/h.

Enhanced multimedia broadcast multicast service (E-MBMS) Spectrum flexibility: 1.25 ~ 20 MHz Enhanced support for end-to-end QoS

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LTE enabling technologies23

OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)

Frequency domain equalization

SC-FDMA (Single Carrier FDMA)

MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output)

Multicarrier channel-dependent resource scheduling

Fractional frequency reuse

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LTE Services

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• LTE promises to enhance the delivery of mobile broadband services while adding exciting new value-added service possibilities

•LTE brings the characteristics of today’s ‘Web 2.0’ into the mobile space for the first time

•Enriched consumer user experience will be typified by the large-scalestreaming, downloading and sharing of video, music and rich multimedia content

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Operators adopting LTE25

Most carriers supporting GSM or HSPA networks can be expected to upgrade their networks to LTE at some stage: AT&T Mobility has stated that they intend on upgrading to LTE as their 4G

technology, but will introduce HSUPA and HSPA+ as bridge standards. T-Mobile, Vodafone, France Telecom, Telia Sonera and Telecom Italia Mobile

have also announced or talked publicly about their commitment to LTE. However, several networks that don't use these standards are also upgrading to

LTE: Alltel, Verizon Wireless, the newly formed China Telecom/Unicom and Japan's

KDDI have announced they have chosen LTE as their 4G network technology. Verizon Wireless will begin deploying Long Term Evolution (LTE) wireless broadband technology by the end of 2009 , with wide scale commercial rollout sometime in 2011. They have chosen to take the natural GSM evolution path as opposed to the 3GPP2 CDMA2000 evolution path Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB).

Telus Mobility and Bell Mobility have announced that they will adopt LTE as their 4G wireless standard.

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Operators plan towards migrating to 4G26

• Migration of mobile networks to 4G is driven primarily by unserved, latent demand for personal and mobile broadband services.

• Mobile WiMAX and LTE are emerging as the primary candidate radio technologies for service providers, for which the 4G technology roll-outs will most likely start in the 2010-2012 timeframe

• T-Mobile will skip HSPA+ to get more out of its 3G mobile broadband network and will instead move straight on to LTE. • TeliaSonera will roll out 4G mobile broadband standard LTE over its newly won 2.6GHz spectrum in Sweden. The

operator plans to launch commercial services for consumers and businesses in 2010.

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Sample of key Industry players

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Mobile WiMAX28

802.16 Network architecture

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4G & the Business Model29

Traditional market model New market model

The structure of market model is changing because of such factors as the advent of content and data services, end user demands, regulatory influences, and competitive forces.

New structure and value chain is more like a sphere, with a web of partnerships and various routes to reach the end user. The value of some existing players will be squeezed, but new entrants, brands, device vendors, and content creators can also increase their value. This causes disruptions in the market model, but also creates new opportunities, and this should be the driving force for all players to consider new business models.

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Conclusion30

Convergence is the disruptive concept of the 4G mobile networks

Migration to 4G networks will be evolutionary 4G, convergence of networks, technologies, applications and

services, will offer a personalized and pervasive network to the users

4G can serve as a flexible platform for whatever services operators, can conceivably throw at it

4G seems to be a very promising generation of wireless communication that will change the people’s life in the wireless world

4G is expected to be launched by 2010 and the world is looking forward for the most intelligent technology that would connect the entire globe.

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