48062718 Destructive Test Methods

7/29/2019 48062718 Destructive Test Methods

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Destructive Examination &Testing


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Destructive Examination

Destructive Examination renders the weld

or material unfit for further service.


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Common methods used in

Destructive Examination

Bend testing

Tensile testing

Impact testing

Hardness testing

Chemical analysis

Hydrostatic testing to destruction

Peel testing

Spark testing


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Bend Testing

Bend test samples are referred to as

Test Coupons

The most common bend tests are

Guided face and root bend testing

Guided side bend testingLongitudinal root and side bend testing

Fillet weld bend testing

Unguided bend testing


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Bend Testing Sample Removal


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Bend Testing Sample

Preparation


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Face Bend Testing


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Root Bend Testing


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Side Bend Testing


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Longitudinal Face Bend Testing


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Longitudinal Root Bend Testing


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Fillet Bend Testing


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Pipe Fillet Bend Testing


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Tensile Strength Testing

Tensile is a test in which a prepared

sample is pulled until the sample breaks.

Test Measurements are recorded in PSI(Pounds per Square Inch) E7018 = 70,000 PSI Tensile

Test samples called Tensile Bolts can

reveal a welds Tensile strength, Elasticlimit, Yield point, and Ductility.


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Tensile Strength Testing

TheElastic Limitof metal is the stress

(load) it can withstand and still return to the

original length after the load is released.

Yield Strength occurs when the test sample

stretches however will not return to its

original length.

Ductility is the ability of a metal to stretch

or elongate before it breaks.


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Tensile Testing Strength

Graph


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Impact Testing

An Impact tester uses a heavy pendulum

that is able to measure the amount of force

required to shear or fracture a test sampletaken from welds Heat Affected Zone

(HAZ)

Impact testing may be performed usingeither theIzodorCharpy method. (Both

methods are similar)


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Impact Testing

ACharpy or Izod test measures the welds

ability to withstand anImpactforce.

Low Charpy test readings indicate brittle

weld metal

Higher Charpy readings indicate the

samples toughness.


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Hardness testing

Hardness may be defined as the

resistance to permanent indentation.

Three common hardness measuring

tests are

Rockwell test

Scleroscope test

Brinell

Microhardness test


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Hardness testing

TheRockwelltesting machine operates

somewhat like a press, using a indenterto

penetrate the surface of the test sample.

The depth of the indentation determines the

materials hardness on a scale of 0-100


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Hardness testing

The Sceleroscpoe testing machine measures

the amount bounce that a diamond tip

hammer rebounds off the test sample afterbeing dropped.

TheBrinellmethod presses the indenter

into a sample for a given period of time. The ability for the sample to resist

indentation determines hardness.


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Hardness testing

Microhardness testers allow you to measure

a materials hardness while leaving the least

amount of damage possible on the metalssurface.

After the indenter is used a powerful

microscope is used to determine the theamount of indentation into the components

surface.


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Chemical Analysis

Chemical analysis is used in metallurgical

laboratories to determine the metals grain

and crystalline structures.

Samples are then place under a high power

microscope to view the results.

This is referred to as Metalography


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Hydrostatic Testing to Destruction

Pressure testing or leak testing can be

performed with either gasses or liquids.

When this pressure exceeds the limitations

of the structures design it will rupture under

force.

This rupture will allow engineers to

understand the welds weakest areas.


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Peel testing

Lap joints may be tested to destruction

using aPeeltest.

Peeltesting is most commonly used to

check the strength of resistance spot welds

or stud weld

Spot weld peel tests are considered

successful when the spot weld nugget is

torn out of the test sample pieces in tact.


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Spark Testing

The shape and

characteristic of sparks

created when metal isground will help

determine its

properties.

IE: carbon steel , mild

steel.


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Quiz time

Which of the following is a destructive

test ?

A: magnet particle

B: tensile testing

C: die penetrate testingD: ultrasonic testing


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Quiz time

The _______ type hardness test leaves the least

amount of damage on the metals surface.

A: Rockwell

B: Brinell

C: ScleroscopeD: Microhardness


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Quiz time

When a metal stretches, but dose not break under a

certain load, this point is called the _________

Point.

A: yield

B: tensileC: stretch

D: ultimate strength


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Quiz time

Ductility is the ability of a metal to ________

before it breaks.

A: Bend

B: Stretch or elongate

C: Be forgedD: Be indented


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Quiz time

A Charpy test measures a welds ability to

withstand _________ force.

A: Impact

B: Bending

C: PenetratingD: Stretching


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Quiz time

Hardness may be defined as the resistance to

__________?

Indentation


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Modern WeldingYork County School of Technology

48062718 Destructive Test Methods

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