46th Asia Expert Meeting on Regulations relating to ... · 14:20 - 15:10 R136 General Information,...

46th Asia Expert Meeting on Regulations relating to:

Electric Power Train (R100), Adaptive Front-lighting Systems (AFS) (R123)

and Electric Power Train (Category L)(R136) Date : 6 December 2016 (TUE) Place : VIETNAM REGISTER, Ministry of Transport 18 Pham Hung Rd., My Dinh, Tu Liem, Ha Noi

Registration

13:00 - 13:10 Opening Address : from VR

13:10 - 13:20 Message : from JASIC

13:20 - 13:30 Photo Session

13:30 - 14:20 R100 General Information, Technical Requirements & Testing

: from Mr. Yoshiki SHIMODA

Q & A & Discussion


: from Mr. Takashi SONE

Q & A & Discussion

15:10 - 15:40 Coffee Break (20 minutes)


: from Mr. Takayuki AMMA

Q & A & Discussion

16:30 – 16:50 General Discussion

16:50 - 17:00 Closing address: from VR

6 December 2016

National Traffic Safety and Environment LaboratoryYoshiki Shimoda

Technical Requirements &Test Procedure of UN-R100

Electric Power Train

National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory 2

1. Introduction about UN-R1002. Electric Safety (Part I)3. REESS Safety (Part II)4. Summary

Contents

National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory

1. Introduction about UN-R100

Electric vehicle and Hybrid vehicle etc. has equipped high voltage power train system.

Which means there is a risk of gettingan electric shock by touching highvoltage device in the vehicle.

UN-R100 is a regulation to protect occupant from high voltage electrical shock and also to assure the safety of rechargeable energy storage system (REESS).

Outline of regulation


Part I: Requirements of a vehicle with regard to its electrical safety.Part II : Requirements of a REESS* with regard to its safety.

UN-R100

*: Rechargeable Electrical Energy Storage System

1. Introduction about UN-R100Structure of regulation



Contents


Electric power train of road vehicles M and N category

(Category M: Vehicles having at least four wheels, used for carrying passengers)(Category N: Vehicles having at least four wheels, used for carrying goods)

Maximum design speed exceeding 25 km/h Equipped with one or more traction motor(s) operated by electric

power Not permanently connected to the grid, as well as their high voltage

components Systems which are galvanically connected to the high voltage bus

of the electric power train

2. Electric Safety (Part I)Scope


2. Electric Safety (Part I)List of Test Items1. Protection against direct contact (5.1.1.)

2. Protection against indirect contact (5.1.2.)3. Isolation resistance (5.1.3.)4. Functional safety (5.3.)5. Determination of hydrogen emission (5.4.)

- Inside the passenger or luggage compartment (5.1.1.1.)- Areas other than the passenger or luggage compartment (5.1.1.2.)- Service disconnect (5.1.1.3.)- Marking (5.1.1.4.)


IPXXD (Wire model)

IPXXB (Finger model)

2. Electric Safety (Part I)1. Outline of protection against direct contact (5.1.1.)

Live parts Passenger or luggagecompartment

No contact allowed other than Passenger or luggage

compartment(Bonnet etc.)

Warning label requiredouter covering (Cables for high voltage) with the color orange


a. Comply with 5.1.1.1. and 5.1.1.2. when separated without the use of tools.

b. Located underneath the floor and are provided with a locking mechanism.

c. Provided with a locking mechanism and other components shall be removed with the use of tools in order to separate the connector.

d. The voltage of the live parts becomes equal or below DC 60V or equal or below AC 30V within 1second after the connector is separated.

2. Electric Safety (Part I)2. Requirement of connectors

Connectors (including the vehicle inlet) which could be separated without the tools shall meet one or more of the requirements below.


REESSMotor,

Converter etc.Passenger & Luggage

compartment

Remove the partswithout the use of tools.

Requirement: IPXXD shall not directly contact to live parts

2. Electric Safety (Part I)3. Inside the passenger or luggage compartment (5.1.1.1.)

IPXXD


2. Electric Safety (Part I)4. Areas other than the passenger or luggage compartment

(5.1.1.2.)Areas other than the passenger or luggage

compartmentREESS

Passenger & Luggage compartment

Requirement: IPXXB shall not directly contact to live parts

Remove the partswithout the use of tools.

IPXXB


For a service disconnect which can be opened, disassembled or removed without tools, it is acceptable if protection degree IPXXB is satisfied under a condition where it is opened, disassembled or removed without tools.

Service disconnect

Service disconnect

coverYes Service plug Yes

Can you remove the cover or plug without tools?

No

Requirement:IPXXB shall satisfy

No RequirementNo

2. Electric Safety (Part I)5. Service disconnect (5.1.1.3.)


5.1.1.4.1.The symbol shown right figure shall appear on or near the REESS.

5.1.1.4.2.The symbol shall also be visible on enclosures and barriers, which, when removedexpose live parts of high voltage circuits. This provision is optional to any connectorfor high voltage buses.

5.1.1.4.3.Cables for high voltage buses which are not located within enclosures shall be identified by having an outer covering with the color orange.

Battery Bonnet partsDisconnect

2. Electric Safety (Part I)6. Marking (5.1.1.4.)


2. Electric Safety (Part I)1. Outline of protection against indirect contact (5.1.2.)

Exposed conductive parts (Conductive cover)

Electrical Chassis

Requirement:Resistance must be lower than 0.1 ohms

Confirm a potential difference of high voltage between the chassis and high voltage parts.


2. Electric Safety (Part I)2. Protection against indirect contact (5.1.2.1.)For protection against electrical shock which could arise from indirect contact, the exposed conductive parts, such as the conductive barrier and enclosure, shall be galvanically connected securely to the electrical chassis by connection with electrical wire or ground cable, or by welding, or by connection using bolts, etc. so that no dangerous potentials are produced.

connection using bolts


2. Electric Safety (Part I)3. Protection against indirect contact (5.1.2.2.)The resistance between all exposed conductive parts and the electrical chassis shall be lower than 0.1 ohm when there is current flow of at least 0.2 amperes.This requirement is satisfied if the galvanic connection has been established by welding.

Milliohm testerMeasurement example

Clamping high voltage partClamping chassis bolt


2. Electric Safety (Part I)1. Isolation resistance (5.1.3.)

Measurement with mega-ohm tester, or according to below method( in the case of |V1|≧|V2| )

bi VRVVR

011

1'

1Isonlation resistance is

First step

Second step

Working voltage of 500 ohms/volt or more required


2. Electric Safety (Part I)2. Isolation resistance (5.1.3.)

Rubber gloves

Junction box

Sample of processed wiring

Wire coming from REESS and Chassis


2. Electric Safety (Part I)

At least a momentary indication shall be given to the driver when the vehicle is in "active driving possible mode".When leaving the vehicle, the driver shall be informed by a signal (e.g. optical or audible signal) if the vehicle is still in the active driving possible mode.

1. Functional safety (5.3.)



Contents


Tests Requirements Test MethodVibration 6.2. Annex 8AThermal shock and cycling 6.3. Annex 8BMechanical Shock 6.4.1. Vehicle test: UN-R12, 94, 95

Component test: Annex 8CMechanical Integrity 6.4.2. Vehicle test: UN-R12, 94, 95

Component test: Annex 8DFire resistance 6.5. Vehicle test: Annex 8E 3.2.1.

Component test: Annex 8E 3.2.2.External short circuit protection 6.6. Annex 8FOvercharge protection 6.7. Annex 8GOver-discharge protection 6.8. Annex 8HOver-temperature protection 6.9. Annex 8IEmission 6.10. Annex 7

3. REESS Safety (Part II)List of Test Items


3. REESS Safety (Part II)1. Vibration test (6.2.)

To verify the safety performance under a vibration environment

•Ambient temperature: 20±10 ºC •SOC: Upper 50% of operation range

•Sinusoidal waveform•Logarithmic sweep between 7 Hz and 50 Hz in 15 minutes

•Repeat 12 times (total of 3 hours)•Vertical direction of the mounting of the REESS

Purpose

Test condition

Test procedure (Annex 8A)

Frequency

Accel

eration

10

7 18 30 502

【Hz】

【m/s2】

•No electrolyte leakage •No rupture •No fire •No explosion•Isolation resistance not less then 100 ohms/Volt

Criteria

Independent Administrative InstitutionNational Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory 26

3. REESS Safety (Part II)2. Thermal shock and cycling (6.3.)

To verify the resistance of the REESS to sudden changes in temperaturePurpose

•SOC: Upper 50% of operation rangeTest condition

•No electrolyte leakage •No rupture •No fire •No explosion•Isolation resistance not less then 100 ohms/Volt

Criteria

•60±2 ºC (at lease 6 hours)•60 ºC to -40 ºC (within 30 min.)• -40 ºC ±2 ºC (at lease 6 hours)•Repeat above cycles 5 times •Then keep 20±10 ºC (24 hours)

Test procedure (Annex 8B)

TimeTem

peratu

re

【 ºC 】

【 hour 】


3. REESS Safety (Part II)3. Mechanical shock (6.4.1.)

To verify the safety performance of the REESS under inertial loads which mayoccur during a vehicle crash.

Purpose

(a) Vehicle based test(b) Component based test(c) Any combination of (a) and (b) above

Choice of test

The approval of a REESS tested under “Vehicle based test” shall be limited tothe specific vehicle type.

Note


3. REESS Safety (Part II)

(a) Vehicle based test (6.4.1.1.)3. Mechanical shock (6.4.1.)

The ambient temperature and the SOC shall be in accordance withthe said Regulations.

Test condition

For frontal impact: UN-R12 or UN-R94For side impact: UN-R95

Test procedure

•No fire •No explosion •No electrolyte leakage into passenger compartment after 30min from impact•No more than 7 % by volume of the REESS electrolyte capacity shall spillfrom the REESS to the outside of the passenger compartment

•The tested-device shall be retained by its mounting and its components shall remain inside its boundaries

Criteria


3. REESS Safety (Part II)3. Mechanical shock (6.4.1.)(b) Component based test (6.4.1.2.)

•Ambient temperature: 20±10 ºC •SOC: Upper 50% of operation rangeTest condition

The tested-device shall be decelerated or accelerated in compliance withthe acceleration corridors which are specified in regulation.

Test procedure (Annex 8C)

•No fire •No explosion •No electrolyte leakage •The isolation resistance shall ensure at least 100 Ω/Volt or the protectiondegree IPXXB shall be fulfilled for the tested-device.

•The tested-device shall be retained by its mounting and its components shallremain inside its boundaries.

Criteria


3. REESS Safety (Part II)4. Mechanical integrity (6.4.2.)

To verify the safety performance of the REESS under inertial loads which mayoccur during a vehicle crash.

Purpose

(a) Vehicle based test(b) Component based test

Choice of test

The approval of a REESS tested under (a) Vehicle based test shall be limitedto the specific vehicle type.

Note

(a) Vehicle based test (6.4.2.1.)

-a Dynamic test-b Specific component test-c Any combination of (a) and (b) above

Choice of test

Independent Administrative InstitutionNational Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory

3. REESS Safety (Part II)4. Mechanical integrity (6.4.2.)(a)-a Dynamic test

Ambient temperature and the SOC shall be in accordance with the said Regulations.Test condition

• For frontal impact: UN-R12 or UN-R94 •For side impact: UN-R95Test procedure

31

•No fire •No explosion •No electrolyte leakage into passenger compartment after 30min from impact•No more than 7 % by volume of the REESS electrolyte capacity shall spill from theREESS to the outside of the passenger compartment

•For open type traction batteries a limitation to a maximum of 5L•The REESS (located inside) shall remain in the installed location•The REESS(located outside) shall not enter the passenger compartment during or after the impact test procedures.

•The isolation resistance shall ensure at least 100 Ω/Volt or the protection degreeIPXXB shall be fulfilled for the tested-device.

Criteria


3. REESS Safety (Part II)4. Mechanical integrity (6.4.2.)(a)-b Specific component test


Load: The data obtained from either actual tests or simulationonset time less than 3 min and a hold time of at least 100 ms but not exceeding 10s

Test procedure (Annex 8D)

•No fire •No explosion •No electrolyte leakage into passenger compartment after 30min from impact•No more than 7 % by volume of the REESS electrolyte capacity shall spill from the REESS

to the outside of the passenger compartment•For open type traction batteries a limitation to a maximum of 5L•The REESS (located inside) shall remain in the installed location•The REESS(located outside) shall not enter the passenger compartment during or after the

impact test procedures.•The isolation resistance shall ensure at least 100 Ω/Volt or the protection degree IPXXB

shall be fulfilled for the tested-device.

Criteria


3. REESS Safety (Part II)4. Mechanical integrity (6.4.2.)(b) Component based test

Load: 100 kN~105 kNonset time less than 3 min and a hold time of at least 100 ms but not exceeding 10s

Test procedure (Annex 8D)

•No fire •No explosion •No electrolyte leakage•The tested-device shall be retained by its mounting and its components shall remain inside its boundaries

• The isolation resistance shall ensure at least 100 Ω/Volt or the protectiondegree IPXXB shall be fulfilled for the tested-device.

Criteria



3. REESS Safety (Part II)5. Fire resistance (6.5.)

To verify the resistance of the REESS, against exposure to fire from outside ofthe vehicle due to a fuel spill from a vehicle

Purpose

(a) Vehicle based test(b) Component based test

Choice of test

The approval of a REESS tested under (a) shall be limited to the specificvehicle type.

Note

• REESS not containing flammable electrolyte• Lowest surface of the casing of the REESS is more than 1.5m above the ground

Not applicable


Phase A:Pre-heating 【60 sec】

Phase B:Direct exposure to flame 【70 sec】

Phase C:Indirect exposure to flame 【60 sec】

Phase D:End of test

Screen Device under test Fuel pan withBurning fuel

35


•Ambient temperature: at least 0 ºC •SOC: Upper 50% of operation rangeTest condition

Test procedure (Annex 8E)

•No electrolyte leakage •No rapture •No fire •No explosion Criteria

Screen

5. Fire resistance (6.5.)


REESS

not exceeding 5MΩ

36

3. REESS Safety (Part II)6. External short circuit protection (6.6.)

To verify the performance of the short circuit protection.Purpose


•No electrolyte leakage •No rapture •No fire •No explosion •The isolation resistance shall ensure at least 100 Ω/ Volt

Criteria

• All relevant main contactors for charging and discharging shall be closed.• The connection used for produce a short circuit shall have a resistance not exceeding 5 MΩ• A short circuit state is held until it can check the following. -Until the operation of the REESS‘s protection function to interrupt or limit the short circuit current-The temperature gradient varies by a less than 4 through 1hour. (casing of the tested-device)

• Directly after the termination of the short circuit a standard cycle shall be conducted, if not inhibited.• The test shall end with an observation period of 1 hour at the ambient temperature conditions.

Test procedure (Annex 8F)

+

-image of circuit


REESS

At least 1/3×C

37

3. REESS Safety (Part II)7. Overcharge protection (6.7.)

To verify the performance of the overcharge protection.Purpose

•Ambient temperature: 20±10 ºCTest condition

• All relevant main contactors for charging and discharging shall be closed.• The charge control limits of the test equipment shall be disabled.• The tested-device shall be charged with a charge current of at least 1/3C rate• The charging shall be continued until the tested-device (automatically) interrupts

or limits the charging.• If there is no such function the charging shall be continued until the tested-device is charged to twice

of its rated charge capacity.• Directly after the termination of the short circuit a standard cycle shall be conducted if not inhibited.

Test procedure (Annex 8G)

•No fire •No explosion •No electrolyte leakage •No explosion•The isolation resistance shall ensure at least 100 Ω/ Volt

Criteria

image of circuit

+

-




Criteria

8. Over-discharge protection (6.8.)

To verify the performance of the over-discharge protection.Purpose

•Ambient temperature: 20±10 ºCTest conditionREESS

At least 1/3×C

image of circuit

+

-

• All relevant main contactors for charging shall be closed.• A discharge shall be performed with at least 1/3 C rate.• The tested-device shall be charged with a charge current of at least 1/3C rate• The discharging shall be continued until the tested-device (automatically) interrupts

or limits the discharging. • If there is no such function then the discharging shall be continued until the tested-device is

discharged to 25 per cent of its nominal voltage level.• Directly after the termination of discharging a standard cycle shall be conducted if not inhibited.

Test procedure (Annex 8H)


REESS

REESS

39



Criteria

To verify the performance of a device against internal overheatingduring operation, even when the device’s cooling function fails.

Purpose9. Over-temperature protection (6.9.)

Cooling function system of REESS shall be deactivated if theREESS remain functional without a cooling function system.

Test condition

• Temperature shall be continuously measured inside the casing near the cell. (onboard sensor may be used).• Repeat charge and discharge at a steady current, to raise the temperature within the range specified by the manufacturer.• Gradually raised the temperature until it reaches-if REESS is equipped with protection against internal overheating, operational temperature threshold.-if REESS is not equipped with protection against internal overheating, maximum operational temperature specified by the manufacturer.

• The test will end when one of the followings is observed:(a) The tested-device inhibits and/or limits the charge and/or discharge to prevent the temperature increase.(b) The temperature of the device is stabilized, which means that the temperature varies by a gradient of less than 4 through 2 hours.(c) Acceptance criteria prescribed in paragraph 6.9.2.1. of the Regulation are not satisfied.

Test procedure (Annex8I)

+-+-

image of charge and discharge


3. REESS Safety (Part II)10. Standard cycle (Annex 8 - Appendix 1)

• Standard dischargeDischarge rate: The discharge procedure including termination criteria shall be

defined by the manufacturer.If not specified, then it shall be a discharge with 1C current.

Discharge limit: Specified by the manufacturer• Rest period after discharge: Minimum 30 min• Standard charge: The charge procedure including termination criteria shall be

defined by the manufacturer.If not specified, then it shall be a charge with 1/3C current.

Test procedure


1. Introduction about UN-R1002. Electric Safety (Part I)3. Battery Safety (Part II)4. Summary

Contents


4. SummaryWhen testing vehicle equipping high voltage parts youmust be wear of not getting electrical shock.Using rubber gloves, shoes or sheet for protection.

Protection

For testing REESS, there is a case of fire, explosion and leak of electrolyte.Therefore, the facility need to be antiexclusion, scrubber shall be equipped to cleanthe smoke and also tank shall be equipped to store the polluted water.

When something unexpected happens, such as fire or explosion, first thing you willhave to do is to cool down the temperature of REESS. For example pore the water orleave it until it get steady.

Facility

Correspondence of emergency


Thank you for your attention!

* e-PTW : electric Powered Two Wheeler 1

Advantage of international harmonization of regulations and standardsAdvantage of international harmonization of regulations and standards

1.Importance of Regulations/Standards Harmonizing

•Improvement in development efficiency and productivity

•Use of common parts•Improvement in efficiency in obtaining approval by expanding mutually approved items

•Improvement in parts management

•Improvement in development efficiency and productivity

•Use of common parts•Improvement in efficiency in obtaining approval by expanding mutually approved items

•Improvement in parts management

•Promotion of safer and more environmentally friendly vehicles

•Reduction in vehicle prices•Expansion in choice of imported vehicles

•Promotion of safer and more environmentally friendly vehicles

•Reduction in vehicle prices•Expansion in choice of imported vehicles

•Improvement in efficiency of formulating regulations and standards•Improvement in efficiency of review work from expansion in mutually approved items

•Smoother international distribution

•Improvement in efficiency of formulating regulations and standards•Improvement in efficiency of review work from expansion in mutually approved items

•Smoother international distribution

2

EV (Passenger Car) e-PTW

InternationalRegulations

Electrification safety

UN R100UN R136

REESS safety

Electrification safety(post-impact)

Transportation safety UN transportation rules UN38.3

International Standards

Electrification safety (vehicle) ISO 6469-1～-3 ISO13063

Charging systems IEC 61851-1ISO 17409

IEC60335-2-29;2016

IEC/TS 61851-3

ISO18246

DC charging connectors IEC 62196-3 IEC/TS 62196-4

Cell size ISO/IEC PAS16898

Cell testing & safety IEC62660-1,-2

Cell safety IEC 62660-3;2016

Battery testing ISO 12405-1,2ISO18243

Battery safety ISO 12405-3

Electricity consumption ISO 8714 ISO 13064-1

Vehicle performance ISO 8715 ISO 13064-2

END/2016

May/2017

@2016/DEC

Publication

Under development

3


May/2017

9/Jun/2016

20/Jan/2016

FDIS

EV (Passenger Car) e-PTW

InternationalRegulations

Electrification safety

UN R100UN R136

REESS safety

Electrification safety(post-impact)

Transportation safety UN transportation rules UN38.3

International Standards

Electrification safety (vehicle) ISO 6469-1～-3 ISO13063

Charging systems IEC 61851-1ISO 17409

IEC60335-2-29;2016

IEC/TS 61851-3

ISO18246

DC charging connectors IEC 62196-3 IEC/TS 62196-4

Cell size ISO/IEC PAS16898

Cell testing & safety IEC62660-1,-2

Cell safety IEC 62660-3;2016

Battery testing ISO 12405-1,2ISO18243

Battery safety ISO 12405-3

Electricity consumption ISO 8714 ISO 13064-1

Vehicle performance ISO 8715 ISO 13064-2

@2016/DEC

Publication

Under development

4

20/Jan/2016

FDIS


END/2016

May/2017

May/2017

9/Jun/2016

Characteristics of e-PTW（The difference with the conventional gasoline motorcycle）

Fire accident of “MODEL S” manufactured by TESLA (6/OCT/2013)

A lithium ion battery of a PC is fired.High-voltage leak by flooding

Their quantity of electricity is 10–20 times as much as batteries of current gasoline vehicles.(Their electric voltage is also 3–10 times as much

as batteries of current gasoline vehicles.)Filling energy from commercial

power sources (battery charge) AC100–230V is connected to vehicles.

On-board high-energy battery

Li-ion battery using a flammable electrolyte has a possibility of ignition.

Major characteristics of e-PTW

2. The reason that a new safety standard is necessaryfor e-PTW ?

5

Important things for userʼs safety at in-use・Prevention of electric shock from the high voltage

at in-use ,in-charge.→ Protection requirements from direct contact / indirect contact.

Insulation requirements including the water resistance of a vehicle and the battery charger

・ Prevention of fire and explosion by the battery factor.→ Requirements of the battery adapting to condition for use

the PTW

Than these characteristics

Satisfaction of the international safety standard/Regulation is important. → Consequently ：The vehicle which can use/sale across a border!

Their quantity of electricity is 10–20 times as much as batteries of current gasoline vehicles.(Their electric voltage is also 3–10 times as much

as batteries of current gasoline vehicles.)Filling energy from commercial

power sources (battery charge) AC100–230V is connected to vehicles.

On-board high-energy battery

Li-ion battery using a flammable electrolyte has a possibility of ignition.

2. The reason that a new safety standard is necessaryfor e-PTW ?

in peace! 6

2. The reason that a new safety Regulation is necessaryfor e-PTW ?

e-PTW have requirements that are different from electric passenger vehicle

Differences between e-PTWand four-wheeled EV

•No passenger cabinRider can be separated from the vehicle when an

accident occurs•Battery and charger are small•Posture control and parking/stopping methods

Differences between e-PTWand four-wheeled EV

•No passenger cabinRider can be separated from the vehicle when an

accident occurs•Battery and charger are small•Posture control and parking/stopping methods

Body Shell

Air Bag & Seat Belt

Battery Pack

Social infrastructure

7

Restriction

ChargerRemoval Battery

Slant

lean

Fall down

Separate

e-passenger vehicle e-PTW

By these reasons, Regulation UN R136 for exclusive use of the L category vehicle was developed while being based

on passenger vehicle UN R100 (02 series) and was issued from the United Nations on January 20, 2016.

Today , in the contracting Party, as for the vehicle having a charter of UN R136, acceptance without the inspection duties

about the high-voltage parts /the battery for propulsion. （Both Japan and EU have adopted UN R136, and mutually approval

is in effect in the these region.）

The outline of UN R136, from the next page.

2. The reason that a new safety regulations is necessary for e-PTW ?

As explained before,

1. High-Voltage/High-Energy/ Flammable Battery

2. There is difference in unique characteristic and design thought unlike those of passenger vehicle on the L category vehicle.

8

3. The outline of UN R136

Electrical/battery safety international regulation for e-PTWs, UN R136, is about to take effect on 20 Jan,2016. Japan also adopt it same day.

2016年4現在

Category L vehicles, electric power with maximum speed exceeding 6km/h and their batteries

Category L vehicles, electric power with maximum speed exceeding 6km/h and their batteries

Part Ⅰ High voltage safety and functional safety of vehicles in ordinary usagePart Ⅱ Batteries’ safety requirementPart Ⅰ High voltage safety and functional safety of vehicles in ordinary usagePart Ⅱ Batteries’ safety requirement

UN 1958 agreement (international regulations)UN 1958 agreement (international regulations)

UN_R

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

UN’s action

Japan’s action

taken effect

Revision the safety standards of Road Transport Vehicle Act

UN GRSP starts reviewUN W.P.29 approval

New production vehicles taken effect

Continued production vehicles taken effect

9

GRSP RESS IG

JAMA e-PTW WGUN R136 domestic adoption WG established

JASIC R136WG

taken effect

§5. Electrical safety・Protection against direct contact

・Protection against indirect contact

・Isolation resistance・REESS* installation・Functional safety・Hydrogen discharge

§6. REESS safety・Vibration・Thermal shock and cycling・Mechanical impact (in case of

collision )・Fire resistance

・External short circuit protection・Overcharge protection・Over-discharge protection・Over temperature protection

§5. Electrical safety・Protection against direct contact

(tighten)・Protection against indirect contact

(expanded)・Isolation resistance・REESS* installation (tighten) ・Functional safety (tighten) ・Hydrogen discharge

§6. REESS safety・Vibration (tighten) ・Thermal shock and cycling・Mechanical impact (replaced)

・Fire resistance(two-wheelers are excluded)

・External short circuit protection・Overcharge protection・Over-discharge protection・Over temperature protection

Features of L category

10


Major changes

Change

*REESS：Rechargeable Electric Energy Storage System

Protection from direct contact・No contact with live parts・Warning mark on high-voltage section・Orange covering on high voltage bus

Protection from direct contact・No contact with live parts・Warning mark on high-voltage section・Orange covering on high voltage bus

M...

Protection from indirect contact・Electrical connection between high voltage

section barrier and electrical chassis

Protection from indirect contact・Electrical connection between high voltage

section barrier and electrical chassis

STOP!

Securing insulation resistanceSecuring insulation resistance

>1mm

Confirmation of electrical protection function of batteriesSecuring mechanical strength of batteries

Confirmation of electrical protection function of batteriesSecuring mechanical strength of batteries

Appropriate display for ridersAppropriate display for riders

Preventing driving while charger is connectedPreventing driving while charger is connected

*This slide does not cover all requirements of UN R136.

Slow

Indicator

Indication “active driving possible mode”

Power down

11


§5.1.1

§5.1.2

§5.3

§5.1.3

§6

DropProtection

Device

ElectricalShock

ElectricalShockVoltage Equalization

Detailed of protection against direct contact/requirements for vehicles without cabin

Objective Criteria

General conditions

Typical individual conditions

These electrical safety requirements apply to high voltage buses under conditions where they are not connected to external high voltage power supplies.

5.1.1. These protections (solid insulator, barrier, enclosure, etc.) shall not be able to be opened, disassembled or removed without the use of tools.5.1.1. 1. For protection of live parts inside the passenger compartment or luggage compartment, the protection degree IPXXD shall be provide5.1.1.2. Protection of live parts in areas other than the passenger compartment or luggage compartment.5.1.1.2.1. For vehicles with a passenger compartment, the protection degree IPXXB shall be satisfied.5.1.1.2.2. For vehicles without passenger compartment, the protection degree IPXXD shall be satisfied.

- Environmental temperature: no regulations- SOC at the start of test: no regulations

*Cabin denotes the covered space around a passenger.

Cabin interiorIPXXD

Trunk interiorIPXXD

IPXXB

IPXXB

Cabin and trunk exterior: IPXXB

Engine roomIPXXB

IPXXD

IPXXD

IPXXD

IPXXD

IPXXD also for inside the glove box

Contact protection grade for vehicle without cabin

Reference: four‐wheelers*See the right section for vehicles with cabin(the same as four‐wheelers)

In case of vehicles without cabin, they need to satisfy protection grade IPXXD in terms of whole vehicle

‐ Cabin and trunk have to satisfy protection grade IPXXD‐ Parts other than cabin and trunk have to satisfy protection grade IPXXB

Protection against electrical shock

12＊A change part from UN R100 is indicated by the red character.

Objective Criteria

General conditions

Typical individual conditionsThere is no idling by electric vehicle and as for the vehicle driver is difficult to grasp the vehicle conditions. →There is a possibility that vehicle start by unexpected throttle operation. →Possibility of the fall down→To prevent above , Intentional operation by driver is needed to activate to drive.→At least two actions shall be performed by the driver to shift the active driving possible mode.

Power SW（Main SW） Start button（Activate） Other intentional operationsi.e., gear shift operation

5.3.1.1.At least two deliberate and distinctive actions shall be performed by the driver at the start-up to select the active driving possible mode.5.3.1.2.Only a single action shall be required to deactivate the active driving possible mode.

Detailed of additional functional safety /prevention of the unexpected departure

Safety requirement at the charging.Prevention of a sudden start.

no regulations

First action Second action

or


Detailed of additional functional safety/during temporary power down

Peculiar functional safety requirement for an electric vehicle ＊Ensure driving safety during power down aimed at protecting vehicle functions

5.3.1.3.1.The vehicle shall have a function/device that indicates to the driver/rider if the power is automatically reduced below a certain level, (e.g. due to activation of the output controller to protect the REESS or the propulsion system) or due to a low SOC.Indication of temporary power down not caused by

failure or temporary power down due to SOC of REESS

- Driving force is prominently involved in the banking movement in cornering of a two-wheeler.- Unintentional reduction of this driving force affects the posture of the two-wheeler and the course.- The driver has to ride the two-wheeler upon grasping the driving force of own vehicle.

Temporary power down of electrically powered two-wheelers has to be conveyed to the driver promptly.

The situation in which such intentional instructions are given is defined by the power down and the instruction specifications described in the annex.

Power down indicator

Objective Criteria

General conditions



The purpose of this test is to verify the safety performance of the REESS under a vibration environment which the REESS will likely experience during the normal operation of the vehicle.

- Implement with complete REESS or REESS subsystem

- Environmental temperature: 20 ±10C- SOC at the start of test: 50% or higher

‐ No electrolyte leakage (to be verified by visual inspection without disassembling)

‐ No rupture (applicable only to high‐voltage REESS)‐ No fire‐ No explosionFor a high voltage REESS, the isolation resistancemeasured after the test in accordance with Annex 4B to this Regulation shall not be less than 100 Ω/Volt.

Vibration profile(1) Weight of test body <12kg (2) Weight of test body ≥ 12kg

1 10 100 200 Hz

12

8

G(1)

(2)

Detailed of vibration test

Objective Criteria

General conditions


・ After the vibration, a standard cycle as described in Annex 8, Appendix 1 shall be conducted, if not inhibited by the tested-device.・The test shall end with an observation period of 1h at the ambient temperature conditions of the test environment.

15＊A change part from UN R100 is indicated by the red line.

Vibration profile is changed for R100

Detailed of removable battery drop test

Simulates a mechanical impact load which may occur at an unintended drop after REESS removal.

Parts test

Natural drop1m

A smooth and level concrete surface or a floor with equivalent hardness.

X

X’

Y

Y’Z’

Z

Dropped in six directions (to be decided with the testing institution) The manufacturer may use different units for each test

Objective Criteria

General conditions


- Environmental temperature: 20 ±10C- SOC at the start of test: Part 90% or higher of the

rated capacity described in Annex6-1m/6 directions/each time

- No electrolyte leakage (to be verified by visual inspection without disassembling)

- No rupture (applicable only to high-voltage REESS)- No fire- No explosionFor a high voltage REESS, the isolation resistancemeasured after the test in accordance with Annex 4B to this Regulation shall not be less than 100 Ω/Volt.


Newly created for R100

Detailed of shock test

The purpose of this test is to verify the safety performance of the REESS under mechanical shock which may occur during fall on the side from stationary or parked situation.

Parts test

‐Impact profile

Give shock test a total of 18 times for three axes of x, y and z; up/down ‐ 3 times each, front/back 3 times each, sides ‐ 3 times each

Sine half wave shock at peak acceleration of 1,500m/s2, and pulse duration of 6msec

6msec 11msect t

1,500m/s2

500m/s2

X

X’

Y

Y’Z’

Z

Objective Criteria

General conditions


(1)Weight of test body <12kg (2) Weight of test body ≥ 12kg

‐ Applicable for vehicles with centerstand/sidestand‐ Implement with complete REESS or REESS subsystem‐ Environmental temperature: 20 ±10C‐ SOC at the start of test: 50% or higher

Sine half wave shock at peak acceleration of 500m/s2, and pulse duration of 11msec

‐ No electrolyte leakage (to be verified by visual inspection without disassembling)

‐ No rupture (applicable only to high‐voltage REESS)‐ No fire‐ No explosionFor a high voltage REESS, the isolation resistancemeasured after the test in accordance with Annex 4B to this Regulation shall not be less than 100 Ω/Volt.


Shock profile is changed for R100

The purpose of this test is to verify the resistance of the REESS, against exposure to fire from outside of the vehicle due to e.g. a fuel spill from a vehicle (either the vehicle itself or a nearby vehicle).

This test applies for vehicles with a passenger compartment only. This test is required for REESS containing flammable electrolyte.The test shall be carried out on one test sample.

Phase A: Pre-heating(60sec)

Phase B: Direct exposure to flame(70sec)

Phase C: Indirect exposure to flame (60sec)

Phase D: End of testAfter removal of the pan the tested-device shall be observed until such time as the surface temperature of the tested-device has decreased to ambient temperature or has been decreasing for a minimum of 3 hours.

Objective Criteria

General conditions

‐ No explosion

Detailed of Fire resistance

‐ Environmental temperature: >0C‐ SOC at the start of test: 50% or higher


18

*A change part from UN R100 is indicated by the red character.

Excluding the test on vehicles with no passenger compartment

As explained before,UN R136 for L category vehicle becomes the international regulation which paid attention to “The difference with the conventional PTW and the passenger vehicle" .And focused on the following things.

In the normal use of the user,・don't make them be electric shocked. ・don't make an accident of a battery occur.・don't make an erroneous operation.

UN R 136 summarizes the minimum requirements from these viewpoints.

4. Summary

19

We can secure the safety as the e-PTW by complying with this regulation(UN R136).Further, when complying with the conventional regulations for PTW, the user can treat equally with a conventional PTW.

To ensure the user safety in your nations, and to develop the e-PTW market soundly,JASIC recommends the use of electric & battery safety regulations of e-PTW harmonized with UN R136.

4. Summary

20

END

Thank you for your attention.

21

JAPAN AUTOMOBILE STANDARDS INTERNATIONALIZATION CENTER

Adaptive Front-lighting Systems (AFS)

UN-R No.123 (AFS)UN-R No.48 (Installation)

Takayuki Amma6 December, 2016

46th Asia Expert Meeting


Contents:1. What is AFS

“Class” and “mode” of an AFS passing beam ADB

2. AFS photometric requirement and operating condition Class C Class W Class V Bending mode Class E ADB

3. Photometric test4. R123 Approval marking5. Mounting position requirement6. Other requirements relate to AFS


What is AFS

ADB

Class C (Basic) Class V (Town) Class E (Motorway) Class W (Adverse weather)

Passing beam with variable photometric

characteristics

UN R123 (AFS)

UN R112 (Halogen/LED headlamp)

Bend lighting (Bending mode)

Passing beam / Driving beam (Prohibited variable

photometric characteristics)


“Class” and “mode” of an AFS passing beamAFS has the following classes and bending mode:

(1) Class C passing beam (Basic)(2) Class V passing beam (Town)(3) Class E passing beam (Motorway)(4) Class W passing beam (Adverse weather)(5) Bending mode

AFS shall provide a Class C and one or more passing beam classes.

"Adaptive front lighting system" (or "AFS") means a lighting device type-approved according to Regulation No. 123, providing beams with differing characteristics for automatic adaptation to varying conditions of use of the dipped-beam (passing-beam) and, if it applies, the main-beam (driving-beam).

Definition of “AFS” (UN R48, Para. 2.7.28)


(1) Class C passing beam (Basic)


(2) Class V passing beam (Town)


(3) Class E passing beam (Motorway)


(4) Class W passing beam (Adverse weather)


(5) Bending modeDefinition of “Bend lighting” (UN R48, Para. 2.26)"Bend lighting" means a lighting function to provide enhanced illumination in bends.


"Adaptive main-beam" means a main-beam of the AFS that adapts its beam pattern to the presence of oncoming and preceding vehicles in order to improve the long-range visibility for the driver without causing discomfort, distraction or glare to other road users.

Definition of “ADB” (UN R48, Para. 2.7.28.7)

Main beam (without ADB) ADB


ADB driving image video


AFS Passing beam - Photometric requirement (R123, Annex 3)


Class WClass EClass VClass C

Bending mode


Class C passing beam (Basic)

V

H0.57D

Imax position


Class V passing beam (Town)

V

H0.57D1.3D

Class C

Class VImax position


Class V automatic activation (R48, Para.6.22.7.4.2)

The class V mode(s) of the passing-beam shall not operate unless one or more of the following conditions is/are automatically detected (V-signal applies):

(a) Roads in built-up areas and the vehicle's speed not exceeding 60 km/h;(b) Roads equipped with a fixed road illumination, and the vehicle's speed

not exceeding 60 km/h;(c) A road surface luminance of 1 cd/m2 and/or a horizontal road illumination

of 10lx being exceeded continuously;(d) The vehicle's speed not exceeding 50 km/h.


Class V beam pattern images


Class E passing beam (Motorway)V

H0.23D(*)0.57D

Class E

Class C

Imax position

Mode Vehicle speed Cut-off positionE 110km/h over Not above 0.23DE1 100km/h over Not above 0.34DE2 90km/h over Not above 0.45DE3 80km/h over Not above 0.57D


Class E automatic activation (R48, Para.6.22.7.4.3)

The class E mode(s) of the passing-beam shall not operate unless the vehicle‘s speed exceeds 60 km/h and one or more of the following conditions is/are automatically detected:

(a) The road characteristics correspond to motorway conditions17 or the vehicle's speed exceeds 110 km/h (E-signal applies);

(b) In case of a class E mode of the passing-beam which, according to the system's approval documents /communication sheet, complies with a "data set" of Regulation No. 123, Annex 3, Table 6, only.

Data set E1: the vehicle's speed exceeds 100 km/h (E1-signal applies);Data set E2: the vehicle's speed exceeds 90 km/h (E2-signal applies);Data set E3: the vehicle's speed exceeds 80 km/h (E3-signal applies).


Class E beam pattern images


Class W passing beam (Adverse weather)

V

H0.23D0.57D

Class W

Class C

Imax position


Class W automatic activation (R48, Para.6.22.7.4.4)

The class W-mode(s) of the passing-beam shall not operate unless the front fog lamps, if any, are switched OFF and one or more of the following conditions is/are automatically detected (W-signal applies):

(a) The wetness of the road has been detected automatically;(b) The windshield wiper is switched ON and its continuous or automatically

controlled operation has occurred for a period of at least two minutes.


Class W beam pattern images


Bending mode (R48, Para.1.4.1)

max value within the area L or R shall not be less than 2500cd minwhen smallest turn radius

Imax of the beam: horizontal position within 45R to 45L and H to 2D

40L 10L 10R 40R

area L area R


Bending mode – Category 1 (R128, Para.1.4.2)

"Category 1 bending mode" means a bending mode with horizontal movement of the kink of the cut-off;


Bending mode – Category 2 (R128, Para.1.4.3)

"Category 2 bending mode" means a bending mode without horizontal movement of the kink of the cut-off;


Bending mode – Photometric test


Bending mode automatic activation (R48, Para.6.22.7.4.5)

A mode of a class C, V, E, or W passing-beam shall not be modified to become abending mode of said class unless at least one of the following characteristics (or equivalent indications) are evaluated:

(a) The angle of lock of the steering;(b) The trajectory of the centre of gravity of the vehicle.

In addition the following provisions apply:(i) A horizontal movement of the asymmetric cut-off side-wards from the

longitudinal axis of the vehicle, if any, is allowed only when the vehicle is in forward motion and shall be such that the longitudinal vertical plane through the kink of the elbow of the cut-off does not intersect the line of the trajectory of the centre of gravity of the vehicle at distances from the front of the vehicle which are larger than 100 times the mounting height of the respective lighting unit;

(ii) One or more lighting units may be additionally energized only when thehorizontal radius of curvature of the trajectory of the centre of gravity of the vehicle is 500 m or less.


Bending mode – 100H requirement


ADB - Photometric requirement (R123, Annex 3) the system shall meet the driving beam photometric requirement

only when it is in maximum condition of activation During adaptation, ADB shall meet the ADB photometric requirement.

ADB photometric test points


glare requirement

visibilityrequirement

(for RH traffic)


An ADB sensor system shall be capable of detecting and reacting to each of the following inputs:

(a) Ambient lighting conditions;(b) The light emitted by the front lighting devices and front light-

signalling devices of oncoming vehicles;(c) The light emitted by the rear light-signalling of preceding vehicles;

For the purpose of this paragraph, "vehicles" means vehicles of categories L, M, N, O, T, as well as bicycles, such vehicles being equipped with retro-reflectors, with lighting and light-signalling devices, which are switched ON.

ADB sensor system – Capability of detecting and reacting (R48, Para. 6.22.7.1.2)


Horizontal angles: 15 deg to the left, 5 deg to the rightVertical angles:

ADB sensor system – Detecting area (R48, Para. 6.22.9.3.1.1)

Upward angle 5 degMounting height of the sensor Less than 2m 1.5m～2.5m More than 2m

Downward angle 2 deg 2 deg to 5 deg 5 deg

The sensor system shall be able to detect on a straight level road:(a) An oncoming vehicle at a distance extending to at least 400 m;(b) A preceding vehicle or a vehicle-trailers combination at a distance

extending to at least 100 m;(c) An oncoming bicycle at a distance extending to at least 75 m, its

illumination represented by a white lamp with a luminous intensity of 150 cd with a light emitting area of 10 cm2 +/- 3 cm2 and a height above a ground of 0.8 m.

ADB sensor system – Sensitivity (R48, Para. 6.22.9.3.1.2)


Except for some requirements, the photometric requirements for each single measuring point as specified in this Regulation apply to half of the sum of the respective measured values from all lighting units of the system applied.

Photometric test (R123, Annex 9)

1/2 * (Measured illumination values A + B + C)

AC

B


R123 Approval marking (R123, Para. 4, Annex 2)

Example of approval mark

Passing beam(Class, Mode) Marking

AFS XClass C CClass V VClass E EClass W W

Bending mode T


Installation provision (R48, Para. 6.22.4)

Lighting units being simultaneously energized for a given lighting mode: No. 3 and 9: (two symmetrically placed lighting units) No. 1 and 11: (two symmetrically placed lighting units) No. 4 and 8: (two additional lighting units)

Lighting units not being energized for said lighting mode: No. 2 and 10: (two symmetrically placed lighting units) No. 5: (additional lighting unit) No. 6 and 7: (two symmetrically placed lighting units)

Horizontal dimensions in mm: A ≤ 400 B ≥ 600 (except for M1 and N1) C ≤ 200 E ≤ 140

Vertical dimensions in mm: D ≤ 400 F ≥ 250 G ≤ 1,200


Other requirements relate to AFSUN R112 UN R123

Headlamp levelling device

Passing beam light source(s):- 2000lm or more: Auto- Less than 2000lm: Manual or Auto

Automatic

Headlamp cleaner device

Passing beam light source(s):- 2000lm or more: Mandatory- Less than 2000lm: Optional

←

Light source failure detection Not necessary Mandatory


END

Thank you for your attention

第 46 回アジア専門家会議（R100、R136、R123）報告

2016/12/13 修正（案）2016/12/8

日時：2016 年 12 月 6 日（火）13:00~17:00 場所：ハノイ・ベトナム登録局(Vietnam Register)9F901 会議室出席者：（VR） Mr. Nguyen Dong Phong, Vehicle Certification Department Deputy Director Mr. Nguyen Van Phuong, Vehicle Certification Department Deputy Director Mr. Nguyen Huu Phan, Director International Cooperation Department Ms Nguyen Viet Huong ほか約 25 名、別紙参照（日本）霜田（NTSEL）、曽根（ホンダ/JASIC）、安間（小糸/JASIC）、山口・戸羽（JASIC）（概要）・冒頭、VR の Deputy General Director に代わり Mr. Phan より挨拶。JASIC より本会議開催にあた

り VR と出席者に謝辞。・続いて霜田氏より R100（電動四輪、REESS）、曽根氏（ホンダ/JASIC）より R136（電動二輪）、安

間氏（小糸/JASIC）より R123(AFS)の要件、試験法について講義を行い、質疑を行った。・出席者の大半は VR と試験場のスタッフ。今回の対象 UNR テキストを手元に持って事前に質問を準

備していた出席者もみられた。・出席者の参加動機、理解度をみるための試みとしてアンケートを実施。（ベトナムでは今回初）（講義内容、質疑詳細） R100 General Information, Technical Requirements & Testing

霜田氏よりプレゼン。・R100 では高電圧システムからの感電保護と充電式電気エネルギー貯蔵システム（REESS）の安全要

件を規定している。パート I が高電圧安全、パート II が REESS の安全要件。対象カテゴリは M,N。・パート I の高電圧安全では直接接触保護、間接接触保護、絶縁抵抗、機能性安全、水素エミッション

の測定が規定されている。・直接接触保護試験では部位により活電部の保護等級が決められており用いるテストプローブもフィン

ガーモデル（IPXXB）またはワイヤモデル（IPXXD）のいずれかが規定されている。・間接接触保護試験では露出導電部が危険な電位を生じていないか露出導電部と電気的シャシーの間の

抵抗値を測定する。・絶縁抵抗試験はメガオームテスター等を使用し、スライド P19 に図示したような手法で測定する。・機能安全は、車両が自走可能な状態をドライバーにインジケーターで伝えることを課している。・パート II の REESS の試験には振動試験、サーマルショック及びサイクル試験、機械的衝撃試験、メ

カニカルインテグリティ、耐火試験、外部短絡保護、過充電保護、過放電保護、過昇温保護、スタン

ダードサイクルがある。・R100 試験の際は、ゴム手袋、絶縁靴などを着用して保護が必要。試験設備は発火、爆発、電解液漏

れなどの恐れがあるので防爆設備が必要。また排煙装置、汚水処理設備も必要。発火、爆発など不慮

の事態が発生した際はなによりもまず冷却水などで REESS の温度を下げること。

R136 General Information, Technical Requirements & Testing 曽根氏（ホンダ/JASIC）よりプレゼン。 <R136 の制定背景> ・まず国際基準と規格の調和の重要性にふれたあと今年 1 月に発効した R136 の設立背景について説明。・電動パワートレーンの二輪車の特性としては高エネルギーのバッテリーを積んでいること、バッテリ

ーの充電を商用電源から供給しているということがある。このような特性から、ユーザーの安全担保

のために電気ショック防止と引火、爆発防止等の対策が必要。特にエネルギー量が大きいリチウムイ

オン電池は電動二輪車に適しているが、可燃性の高い電解液を用いているため、その安全対策を国際

基準、規格で定めることが重要。特に近年では小型リチウムイオンの安全性については世界的に問題

になっており厳重な安全担保が必要。・EV の四輪車と二輪車の主な相違点は、車室の有無、事故時にドライバーが離脱すること、バッテリ

ーと充電器のサイズ、車両体勢のコントロールと停止方法、社会インフラ（充電ステーションなど）

の整備状況など。R136 は既存の R100 をベースに L カテ二輪車特有の状況を考慮して作られた。その

結果、P10 で示すようにいくつかの要件は規制強化、追加、変更されている。資料中、青字で表示し

ている箇所が R100 と異なる部分。・R136 は昨年成立し、本年 1 月 20 日付けで発効、日本も国内法規をそれに間に合うように改正し同日

付で採用している。新車については 2018 年から適用開始。使用過程車は 2020 年から適用。・L カテ特有の要件として直接接触保護要求、power down 時の機能要求、Cabin のない車両の耐火性

試験の免除など。バッテリーの振動試験、衝撃試験は R100 とは異なる。また着脱式バッテリーの落

下試験は R100 になく新設した。・コンベ PTW と乗用車との差異を考慮して R136 ができた。この法規を満たしていれば電気パワート

レーンの二輪車の特徴的な部分の最低限の安全は確保され、後はコンベ車の要件を満たしていれば一

般的な二輪車として扱うことができる。ベトナムで ePTW の規制を作る際は、EV の普及とユーザー

の安全担保を進めるためにも、L カテゴリの電気安全、バッテリー安全規制は R136 と整合したもの

とすることが望ましいと考えている。 R123 General Information, Technical Requirements & Testing 安間氏（小糸/JASIC）よりプレゼン。・R123 で規定されている AFS は、ヘッドランプ規則の R112 でも Bending mode が容認されているの

でその中身が含まれている。AFS の定義は R123 ではなく R48 で規定されている。すれ違いビームの

走行路パターンによる 4 つのクラス（C,V,E,W）とベンディングモードが規定されており、AFS はク

ラス C（ベーシック）に加えて一つ以上の他のクラス、モードの機能を備えたものを指す。また

ADB(Adaptive main-beam、配光可変型ヘッドランプ)の定義も R48 で規定されている。AFS でドラ

イバーのよりよい視認性を得るために照射範囲を変動するメインビームを指す。・各クラス、モードの機能についてアニメーションを用いて紹介。タウンモードではグレアを防止するためビームを下方に変化させる。Motorway モードでは高速走行

になるのでドライバーがより長い距離の視認性を得られるように照射エリアを遠方に拡大する。雨天

時、濡れた道路など悪天候の中ではグレアの影響が大きくなるので、部分的な遮光をして対向車への

グレアを防止する。カーブする際に方向変更に沿って照射範囲を変える。のがベンディングモード。

ADB を用いるケース。ハイビームは視認性が高くなるが対向車のドライバーに対するグレアが大きく

なるので、それを防ぐために対向車のドライバー位置付近を照らさないように照射範囲を操作する。

また前方車両を照らさないことで前方道路脇にいる歩行者の視認性が高くなる。ロービームでは検知

しづらい歩行者を ADB では容易に検知できる。（前方車に追従して遮光エリアを調整する、前方者と

対向車の両方が遮光範囲）・各クラス、モードの配光要件、運用条件を紹介。 ADB の配光要件は R123 で規定されている。50、100、200m 前方の Max intensity が規定されている。

パート A は対向車に対するグレア防止、パート B はドライバーの視認性確保のため。・R48 で ADB センサーシステムの規定がある。・コンベのヘッドランプは左右各々で配光性能を確認するが、AFS は車両１台単位のシステムとして配

光性能を確認する。そのシステムの視認試験が R123 で規定されている。・R123 の認可マークでは 4 つのクラスとベンディングモードのどの機能を備えているかを識別できる

ようになっている。・AFS の取り付け要件は R48 で規定されている。・その他の関連要件を R112 との比較で紹介。ヘッドランプのレベリングは R112 ではマニュアル or 自動、R123 では自動。ヘッドランプクリーナーの要件は R112 と同じ。光源の故障検知は R112 では要

求されていないが R123 では義務付け。 Q&A、General Discussion（３つのプレゼンすべてに対して）

※質問の大半はベトナム語で行われたため、他の出席者による英訳を通じての質疑。

（R123） Q-1 この法規はいろんなクラスが規定されているが、すべてのカテゴリーが車に装着されるのか。 A-1 自動車メーカーによる。この法規には 4 つのクラスがあるが、メーカーのニーズにおいてランプ

メーカーはクラスを選択したシステムを作って、それに応じた試験を行う。 Q-2 たとえばクラス V のシステムを搭載する場合、試験時に今タウンモードだとどうセッティングす

るのか？ A-2 AFS の要件は R48 と R123 のふたつの法規に規定されている。コンポーネントとしては R123、試験や取り付けについては R48 に規定。コンポーネント試験はコンベのヘッドランプと同じ。ただし

R48 認可を取る際にタウンモードの試験をしなければいけない。そのためにはハイスピードテストの

テストコースがなければ試験ができない。 Q-3 R123とR48の両方試験をしなければいけないということ？R123がコンポーネント試験だという

ことはわかっている。それなら室内試験で済むと理解。R48 は車両試験が課されるということも。車

両メーカーが認可をとるときには車両で試験をするということか。 A-3 ランプメーカーは R123 に沿って認可をとる。車両メーカーはそれを搭載した車両の認可を取る

という二段階のプロセスが必要になる。 Q-4 どのように適用クラスのシミュレーションをするのか。いまモーターウェイモードだと認識させ

るためにどういうことをしているのか。 A-4 試験車を用意して実際にテストコースを走行している。同乗した試験官がパターンが変化してい

るかどうかを目視で確認する。 Q-5 ADB は？検知距離ごとの確認は難しいのでは。 A-5 同じ。試験コースが必要なのも同じ。試験車両と対向車両、歩行者、前方車両も用意して実走行

する。 Q-6 室内ではモード別の試験はできないのでは？

A-6 車両から発したシグナルを受けて適用モードの反応をするので、シグナルボックスが必要。それ

があればコンポーネントでもモード別の試験は可能。 Q-7 シグナルボックスによりシミュレーションするということか。 A-7 YES AFS の試験は複雑。日本でも個社でテストコースを用意し、試験官を招聘してテストコース

での目視試験を行っているケースがある。 Q-8 （R123 の Annex9- 1.2 項中の配光測定設備に関する 65ｍの正方形の意味についての質問） A-8 即答できないので日本でエンジニアに確認して回答する。(メールにて個別回答済み) Q-9 照度の単位が lux から cd に代わったのはなぜか。 A-9 なぜ単位を変更したのか背景はわからない。単位は変わっているが換算しただけなので要件とし

ては従前と同じ。 (R100) Q-1 wire model と finger model のふたつはどうちがうのか。 A-1 wire model は finger model に対し大きさが小さい。このため金属板などで覆われたバッテリーセ

ル等の高電圧部品に直接触れられるか確認するツールとしてはより厳しいものとなる。このため、客

室内は wire model を使い、その他のエリアでは finger model を使用し、ツールの使い分けを行って

いる。 Q-2 IPXXD と IPXXB はどうちがうのか。どういう意味、なんの略なのか。 A-2 なんの略なのかはわからないがこういう名称がついている。 Q-3 REESS は要件がたくさんあるが、リチウムイオンバッテリーのサイズには何らかの規定があるの

か。最近バッテリーの問題が世界中で話題になっているが。 A-3 R100 でバッテリーサイズの規定はない。サイズの違いがある場合でも、そのような事を包括でき

る評価基準になっていると考えている。 Q-4-1 絶縁試験について。メガオームテスターでの計測は車両のどの部位で行うのか。車両に測定器

を搭載するのか。 A-4-1 測定する高電圧回路、またシステムの構成を考慮した上で、測定部位を特定しなくてはならい

ため、この場で明確な測定部位を回答することはすできない。手法としては試験実施前に車両メーカ

ーに対してどのように回路を組んでいるかを確認したうえで測定ポイントを決めている。メーカーと

の事前協議が必須。 Q-4-2 メーカーと交渉して測定ポイントを決めるということ？ A-4-2 YES Mr.Phan 興味深い講義をしてくれた JASIC の専門家、今日の出席者全員に感謝。今後も JASIC と

VR 間で情報交換など続けたい。

以上

Attendee Survey 集計結果 Ver.1

- The 46th JASIC ASIA EXPERT MEETING -

6 December 2016

Thank you for your participating in the 46th Asia Expert Meeting. We would highly appreciate if you

take a few minutes to answer the following questions to improve the future meetings.

現地回収 9 部後日回収部

You are from Government 8 Industry 1 Others (1 名チェックをつけていたが部品メーカ

ーなので Industry にカウント)

1. Please tell us the reason or motivation to participate in this Expert Meeting. （複数回答）

I require the technical information regarding R100, R123, or R136 for my daily work

Government - 6 Industry - 1

I was simply interested in the items (R100, R123, or R136) although there is no practical need in

my daily work in particular

My organization/my boss told me to participate in this meeting.

Government - 3

Others (Please explain in detail）

2. Regarding the contents of this meeting

1) Please describe the points which you found difficult to understand.

The expert’s have made the presentation very clear and easy to understand.

2) Please describe the points which you would like to learn further.

REESS(Government)

Electric Safety(Government)

3) If you have any question which you could not/hesitated to ask during the meeting, please describe it

here. We will try to include your question with answer in the minutes of this meeting as much as

possible.

(not mandatory)

Name:

Organization:

Country (Economy):

Contact information:

Thank you very much for your cooperation.

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