4420_IGCSE_ Physics_ msc_20070803

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Mark Scheme Summer 2007

IGCSE

IGCSE Physics (4420)

Edexcel Limited. Registered in England and Wales No. 4496 507Registered Office: One90 High Holborn, London WC1V 7BH


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For further information please call our Customer Services on + 44 1204 770 696, orvisit our website at www.edexcel-international.org.

Summer 2007

All the material in this publication is copyright Edexcel Ltd 2007


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Contents

1. Paper 1F 42. Paper 2H 103. Paper 3 20


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PHYSICS 4420, MARK SCHEME

Abbreviations used in mark schemes:OWTTE - or words to that effectdop - depending on previousecf - error carried forwardora - or reverse argumentsfs - start from scratchUP - unit penalty

Paper 1F

Question 1

Qupart

Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)

a (i) A 1a (ii) B 1b(i) frequency 1b(ii) period 1c(i) any two of:

gamma X-rays ultra violet (visible) light infra red microwaves radio waves rope/slinky spring waggled side to

side

Allow electromagnetic for 1mark but do not awardanother mark for a part of theelectromagnetic spectrum

or words to that effect, but

not just slinky spring

2

c(ii) longitudinal (waves) allow sound wavesor slinky spring pushed andpulled

1

7 marks

Question 2Qupart


a (i) case/plug is damaged/broken/has piecemissing

fuse/earth exposed 1

a (ii) could touch inside/live wire/fuse 1get (an electric) shock 1

a(iii) fuse 1a(iv) any two of:

get hotter melt

fail to conduct/breaks/switchesoff

accept get hot

accept switch offignore effects on glass

2


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b(i)

(b)(ii)

insulator/non-conductor

will not get a shock (if you touch it )

any two ofhas an earth wire /connection/it isearthed

if there is a fault, electricity will go toearth/metal will not be live

will not get a shock if touch it

ora

but not if alreadycredited in (b)(i)

1

1

2

10 marks

Question 3

Qupart

Answer(s) Extra Information

A

(b)(i)

(b)(ii)

all points correct

answer in range 67 to 68 inclusive

answer in range 2.3 to 2.4inclusive

to the nearest mm in anydirectionand not blobs (more than 1mm across)deduct (1) for each wrong pointto a minimum of zero

or correct from candidatesgraph

or correct from candidatesgraphallow 2 hr 18 m 2 hr 24 m

3

1

1

c (average) speed = distance(moved) time (taken)

or correctly transposed versionallow use of letterse.g. a = d/t

1

6 marks


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Question 4

Qupart


a insulation 1conduction 1

b cold down

warm .. up

cold warm no ecf

convection

both correct for the mark

may be reversed with the pairaboveallow hot for warm

order must be correct but allowhot for warm

1

1

1

1

6 marks

Question 5

Qupart


a density = mass volume or any correctly transposedversiondo not accept weight for massallow use of letters

1

b(i) (volume) = length x thickness xwidth

or any correctly transposedversion

accept breadth for widthallow use of letters

1

b(ii) millimetres/mm 1c none/no change accept the same 1d 2.7 (g/cm3) accept the same 1

5 marks

Question 6

Qupart


a ZXA

all three correctallow (1) for one or two correct

2

b(i)

(b)(ii)

(b)(iii)

proton(s)

nucleus

neutron(s)

proton(s) (1)

1

1

1

2


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(b)(iv)

neutron(s) (1)

electron(s) proton(s) either order 1

b(v) alpha/ 1

beta/ order of and may bereversed 1

gamma/ 1

11 marks

Question 7

a negatively accept negative 1electrons 1 comb hair both in correct order 1

b any two of

1do not credit positive chargescannot move through the comb

plastic/comb is an insulator/non-conductor

chargescannot pass through thecomb/cannot leak away/bedischarged/go to earth

chargecannot pass through (dry) air

1

(5 marks)

Question 8

a(i) attract 1a(ii) curved line from one end to the

opposite end (1)arrow from N to S (1)

do not credit if lines cross

do not credit if arrowscontradict

11

b steel (1) iron (1) order must be correct 2(5 marks)


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Question 9

Qu part Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)a(i) C 1

a(ii) sloping downwards slowing down 1

a(iii) constant less than acceleration /decreases slowly / takes alonger time than theacceleration / (area) A is lessthan (area) C / (train) travelsa greater distance whiledecelerating than whenaccelerating

1

b(i) area (under graph) A + B + C 1

b(ii) horizontal non zero linebelow line on graphfor the correct time

dopindependent

111

7 marks

Question 10Qu part Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)

a(i) resistor/resistance/rheostatpower supply/battery/cell

11

a(ii) = 0.4 20= 8 (C)

11

b lamp in parallelswitch in series with secondlamp

dop11

6 marks

Question 11

Qu part Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)a angle of incidence equals

angle of reflection(angle) i = (angle)r


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correct angle independent 1

b(ii) cover outside of window open/close/tilt window/fitshutters (outside)

1

c(i) infra-red i.r ignore heat / radiation 1

c(ii) ultraviolet u.v 1

d (same) speed / velocity transverse 17 marks


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Paper 2H

Question 1

Qu

part


a(i) C 1

a(ii) sloping downwards slowing down 1

a(iii) constant less than acceleration /decreases slowly / takes alonger time than theacceleration / (area) A is lessthan (area) C / (train) travelsa greater distance whiledecelerating than when

accelerating

1

b(i) area (under graph) A + B + C 1

b(ii) horizontal non zero linebelow line on graphfor the correct time

dopindependent

111

7 marks

Question 2

Qupart


a(i) resistor/resistance/rheostatpower supply/battery/cell

11

a(ii) = 0.4 20= 8 (C)

11

1b lamp in parallelswitch in series with secondlamp

1dop

6 marks


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Question 3Qu

partAnswer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)

1a angle of incidence equalsangle of reflection

(angle) i = (angle)r


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Question 5Qu


a magnetic field / flux (incoil) changes

voltage / current induced /electromagnetic induction /emi

dop11

1

b pedal faster more wire on coilsuse stronger magnetreduce gap(s)

1

4 marks

Question 6Qu

part


1a diffraction accept phonetic spelling

b(i) correct shapesame wavelengthtwo more wavefronts

111

b(ii) increase wavelengthdecrease size of gap

or decrease frequencyignore speeddo not credit make equal

11

1c(i) outside audible range frequency too highor it/25 000 (Hz) isultrasoundor range of (human) hearingis 20 to 20 000 (Hz)ignore reference to gap

c(ii) v = f = 340 / 25 000

= 0.0136 (m)

recall in any formmanipulation andsubstitutionor 0.014 (m)

111

10 marks


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Question 7Qu


a(i) left : analogueright : digital

1

a(ii) analogue continuous

digital on and off

allow continual / has anyvalue / values /has many values1 or 0 / only two values orallow two reasons foreither analogue or digital

11

1b one advantage clearer/less prone tointerferencecan be reproduced /repaired / restored

do not credit just can beamplified zerointerference

1c telecommunications allow any feasible responsee.g. CD players

5 marks

Question 8

2a for equilibrium/balance (1)(total) clockwise moment = (total)anticlockwise moment (1)

allow turning effect formoment

2b 40 (newtons) (2) allow load x 0.12 = 8 x 0.60for (1)

4 marks

Question 9

1a (a cathode ray) oscilloscope/ CRO1b (the) frequency (of vibration/the

wave)(number of) cycles per second

1c amplitude (of vibration/the wave) accept its energy / intensitynot volume

3 marks


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Question 10

1a 293 (K) allow 293 (K) not -293 (K) nor 293 C (K)

3b 910 (kPa)

or850 293 = pressure 313

(1)or correctly transposed version(1)or 908.xxx(2)or error carried forward frompart (a)

no credit for working in C

4 marks

Question 11

2a any two of

renewable/no fuel required no (chemical/air) pollution lake (behind dam) may be used

for fishing/recreationalpurposes

lake may be used as a source ofwater

can be stored

these are examples otherappropriate points may also becredited

2b any two of

valley flooded villages/farmland/habitats

destroyed

not suitable if low (annual)rainfall

not suitable for lowland location may be a long way from demand may not operate in time of

drought

eyesore

these are examples otherappropriate points may also becredited

credit can result in flooding

4 marks


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Question 12

Qupart


a (i) F(is larger) because the lorry isaccelerating

or B is smaller becausenot just F

1

a (ii) (unbalanced) force = mass xacceleration / F = ma

or any correctly transposedversion

1

a (iii) 1.2 (2)m/s2 or ms-2 or N/Kg

or = 15 000 12 500 (1) 21

b direction changes

only two of:

(because) acceleration is (rateof) change of velocity

(and) velocity is speed in aparticular direction

acceleration / velocity is avector / not a scalar

allow any specific directionchange e.g. goes round a bende.g. goes uphill

1

2

1c(i) (driver) has consumedalcohol/taken drugs/istired/inexperienced/elderly

accept has been drinkingdo not credit factors which mayonly affect the time before thedriver reacts e.g. poorweather/ visibility /eyesight/hearing/ lack of concentrationaccept high speed but notjust speed

1c(ii) poor brakes/ slippery road/ worntyres

must be qualified, do not creditjust brakes for exampleaccept high speed but notjust speednote high speed may becredited for d(i) and again ford(ii)

do not credit any unqualifiedresponse e.g. just friction

10 marks


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Question 13

Qupart


1a(i) direct currenta(ii) loudspeaker / speaker do not accept a vague response

such as in a radio1

5b (magnetic) field (1)north south (1)(electric) current (1)positive negative (1)motion/movement/force (1)

allow north (pole)south (pole)or + and -

2c increase the strength/intensity ofthe magnetic field (1)increase the current (1)

accept use a more powerfulmagnetaccept increase thevoltage/p.d.

do not credit references toresistance or number ofcoils/turns

9 marks


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Question 14

Qupart


1a(i) normal do not accept perpendicularor vertical

1a(ii) (angle) e / E1a(iii) (angle of) refraction accept phonetic spelling but

not anything which could betaken for refelction

1a(iv) refractive index = sine of angle ofincidence sine of angle ofrefraction

rsin

isinn =

1a(v) continues in the same direction /does not bend

allow its a straight line

1a(vi) any one of

ray is on the normal angle of incidence = 0 angle of refraction = 0 at 90 / right angles to the

boundary / perpendicular

3b(i) refraction towards normal(1)then refraction away from normalat the opposite face(1)emergent ray appears to be parallel

to incident ray(1)

2b(ii) ray continues in a straight line toback force(1)reflects down and straight out atright angles(1)

dop

11 marks


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Question 15

Qupart


2a gravitational/potential (1)kinetic/movement (1)

correct order essentialignore energy

1b(i) (some) energy transferred asthermal energy/heat

or some energy transferred asinternal kinetic energyor friction (between/with . )or energy changes not 100%efficient

1b(ii) higher the waterfall then the higherthe temperature increase

allow (temperature increase isdirectly) proportional (to theheight of the waterfall)

6(c) (i) axes labelled speed and kineticenergy / ke(1)

with linear scales (1)both axes labelled with units (1)either all points correct(2)or four points correct(1)

smooth curve of best fitto candidates points(1)

to the nearest mm in anydirectionand not blobs (more than 1mm across)not dot-to-dot or tram-lined orthicker than 1 mmignore 0 to 3 m/s

1c(ii) answer in range 3.7 to 4.0 inclusive or correct from candidatesgraph

11 marks

Question 16

1a fastrandom

both required with no additionsallow any clear andunambiguousmethod of indication

b hit/collide with it/the inside / walls

creates/exerts a force

on the surface/area (not walls)

or words to that effect

or pressure = force areaor P = F/A

1

1

1

2c(i) 270 (2) accept 150 x 90 = pressure x 50for (1)

c(ii) mass remains constant / the same(1)temperature remains constant / thesame (1)

or no gas escapeseither order

2

c(iii) kilopascal(s) accept phonetic spellings 1

9 marks


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Question 17

2a 230 and 90 for thorium (1)

4 and 2 for helium (1)

any change to thorium symbolcancels this markany change to helium symbolcancels this markany change to uranium deduct(1) from positive total

1b(i) to allow/give/produce a (narrow)beam /in one direction (of alphaparticles/radiation)

so that they go straight to thegold (foil)not all go straight..

b(ii) mostof the (gold) atom is emptyspace

do not credit just there isspace in the gold

1

2b(iii) repelledby the centre/nucleus(ofan atom) (1)(as) both have positive / +ve / same

charge (1)

or affected by electrostaticforce

(1) between the nucleus and

the(alpha) particles (1)

1b(iv) centre/nucleus very small/tiny not just small2b(v) (these were) further away from the

centre/nucleus(1)(these were) moving faster (1)

either orderor more (kinetic) energy

1b(vi) (tiny) spark/flash (oflight)/scintillation

do not credit there was acolour changeignore references tosound/noise

10 marks


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Paper 3

Question 1Qu

part

Answer(s) Extra Information Mark

1(a) x= 11-12 mm

(b)(i)

(b)(ii)

two diagonals (part of)

where they cross indicated dop

vertical lines (by eye)through pinthrough candidates G or dot

or from centres of oppositesides

G does not have to be labelled

1

1

11

1(b)(iii) x = 22-23 mm

(b)(iv) anticlockwise

G left of vertical through pin

down/down(ward)s/falls/fallsto the right/rotates to therightdo not accept moving/goes tothe right

do not credit answer to (b)(v)here

1

1

1(b)(v) G vertically/ below pin As in Diag 2pin above G

1(c) not regular/not symmetrical/notuniform/asymmetric/uneven/notequal/irregular/non uniform

ignore: no corners or straightlines or edges or the sides arenot equal

(d)

(e)

1. clamp pin2. pin through card3. plumb line on pin4. plumb line to drawvertical line5. repeat through another

part of card6. point where lines cross

to be able to swing freely (aboutpinhole)sharp pencilno draughtscard of uniform thickness

1.use pin2. balance card max 2

clamp card max 2

max 4

repeat for more holes/thirdholenot repeat and take averagecredit where seenor balance on pin

111

1

1

15marks


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Question 2Qu


(a) 40 scores 337-43 scores 139-41 scores 2values below 37score 0values above 43score 0

37 38 39 40 41 42 43

1 1 2 3 2 1 1

111

(b)(i)

(b)(ii)

95 / 2 x their area

= 1.2 ecf/ecf

sig fig 2 or 3 only

explain sig.fig.

factor of 2 errors in ForA lose 1st markonly

must refer to sig fig in ForA or raw dataindependent of (b)(i)

1

1

1

1

Pressure for one shoeA/cm2 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45

P/N/cm2

2.71

2.64

2.57

2.5

2.44

2.38

2.32

2.26

2.21

2.16

2.11

7 marks


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Question 3

Qupart


(a) Series circuit showing ;

Fuse

power supply any symbol

ammeter

means of changing current

switch

see

Any 3

1

1

1

1

1

1

MAX 4

Values

Suitable values of voltage andresistance to give appropriatecurrent

1-10A ammeter

range at least 1A 4 A10 A means 0 10A

1

1

MAX 1Method

1. Switch on circuit2. Adjust current (to a

certain value)

3. Record current4. Start stopwatch5. Stop stopwatch when fuse

blows

6. Repeat for same current7. Repeat for other currents

adjust voltage orresistance mustmention current

measure time scores 1

circuit switched on,current varied untilfuse blowsscore 1. 3. 4. only

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

MAX 4

(b) ammeter : 3.5 A

stopwatch : 28.02 s

1

111 marks


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Question 4

Qu part Answer(s) Extra Information

(a) (lead) container/surrounding of source

(lead)

1

(b) 24

(c) 78 24 = 54

(d)(i) Correct plotting 1mm blobs > 2mm -1 once2

Curve 1

(d)(ii) procedure for reading off time axis

6 - 7 minutes

Allow fraction e.g. 6

Can be up to 8 min

for lower values of countrate

1

1

(e)(i) 54 - 55

(e)(ii) 4 .6 5.0 min

mention 24

correct use of 24 and graph55-24 = 31 leading to 10-12 min

regardless of working

read off for 55do not allow greater than 5

55+24 = 79 1.5 min (2)

1

1

(f)

(g)

count from source decreasing(quickly)/changing (not increasing)

not appropriate to average

read incorrect scale/wrong reading

not in counts per minute

not corrected for background

not 5 minutes after start of experiment

source decaying/only tim

for one result

readings will be different

different starting timemax 3

1

1

1

1

1

17 m


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4420_IGCSE_ Physics_ msc_20070803

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