44192-016: Draft Initial Environmental Examination · IDB Islamic Development Bank IEC Important...

Initial Environmental Examination (Draft)

May 2015

BAN: Second SASEC Bangladesh-India Electrical

Grid Interconnection Project Prepared by Power Grid Company of Bangladesh Limited (PGCB) for the Asian Development

Bank.

Table of contents

Table of contents .................................................................................................................. . i

List of Tables ......................................................................................................................... iii

List of Figures ...................................................................................................................... . iv

List of Maps .......................................................................................................................... . iv

List of Photographs ........................................................................................................... . iv

Currency Equivalents ......................................................................................................... . v

Weights and Measures ..................................................................................................... . ix

Executie Summary .......................................................................................... ..................... x

1. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Overview of the Investment Programme ......................................................... . 3

1.2 Environmental Requirements .............................................................................. . 3

1.3 Structures of the Report ...................................................................................... . 3

2. Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework ..................................................... 4

2.1 National Environmental Requirements ............................................................. . 4

2.1.1 Environmental Authority ................................................................................ 4

2.1.2 Securing Environmental Clearance ............................................................ . 4

2.1.3 Relevant International Environmental Agreements ................................ 6

2.2 Environmental Requirements of ADB ................................................................ . 7

3. Baseline, Potential Impacts and Environmental Management Plan ......... 10

3.1 Project Description ............................................................................................... 10

3.1.1 Objectives and Benefits .............................................................................. . 10

3.1.2 Project components and activities ............................................................. 10

3.1.3 Implementation Activities ........................................................................... . 12

Pre-construction phase ............................................................................................... 13

Construction phase .................................................................................................... . 13

Post-construction phase ............................................................................................ . 14

3.2 Availability of construction equipment and work schedule ......................... 15

3.3 Analysis of Alternatives........................................................................................ 15

3.4 Description of the Existing Environment ......................................................... 18

3.4.1 Natural Hazards ............................................................................................ . 18

3.4.2 Meteorology ............................................................... ..................................... 22

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3.4.3 Surface Water Quality ................................................................................. . 22

3.4.4 Ground Water Quality ................................................................................... 22

3.4.5 Air Quality ............................................................................................. .......... 23

3.4.6 Noise Quality ........................................................................................... ....... 23

3.4.7 Agriculture Resources ................................................................................... 24

3.4.8 Terrestrial Flora .............................................................................................. 24

3.4.9 Terrestrial Fauna........................................................................................ .... 25

3.4.10 Socio-economic Profile ................................................................................ . 25

3.5 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures ................... 27

3.5.1 Pre-construction and Design Phase ........................................................... 27

3.5.2 Construction Phase ...................................................................................... . 27

3.5.3 Operation Phase ............................................................................................. 29

3.6 Public and Stakeholder Consultations .............................................................. 30

3.7 Grievance Redress Mechanism .......................................................................... 31

3.8 Environmental Management Plan ..................................................................... 31

3.8.1 Mitigation .............................................................................................. ........... 31

3.8.2 Monitoring ....................................................................................................... 37

3.8.3 Implementation Arrangement ................................................................... . 38

3.8.4 EMP and Monitoring Budget ....................................................................... . 38

3.9 Conclusion and Recommendations ................................................................... 39

Appendix 1 ............................................................................................................................ 41

Environment Conservation Rules 1997 ....................................................................... 41

Appendix 2 Environment Conservation Rules 1997 ................................................ 46

Appendix 3 Name of Participants ................................................................................. 51

Appendix 4 Layout Plans.................................................................................................. 52

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List of Tables Table 1: Tentative Financial Plan (US $ million) ........................................................ 3 Table 2: Comparison of Environmental Requirements of ADB and GOB ....................... 8 Table 3: Project Components and activities ........................................................... 10 Table 4: Comparisons of Alternative Routes ........................................................... 15 Table 5: Administrative units crossed by TL ........................................................... 18 Table 6: Water level at Padma River in different return periods ................................ 18 Table 7: Surface Water Quality Analysis Report ...................................................... 22 Table 8: Ground Water Quality Analysis Report ...................................................... 23 Table 9: Base information of Ambient Air Quality ................................................... 23 Table 10: Bangladesh Standards for Ambient Air Quality ......................................... 23 Table 11: Noise Monitoring Report ........................................................................ 24 Table 12: Standard for Ambient Noise .................................................................. 24 Table 13: Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for proposed project..................... 32 Table 14: Environmental Monitoring Plan for the Proposed Project ............................ 37 Table 15: Budget for the EMP and Monitoring Plan .................................................. 39 Table 16: Name of Participants ............................................................................ 51

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List of Figures Figure 1: DOE Application Process for Securing ECC ....................................................... 5 Figure 2: Grievance Redress Committee ........................................................................... 31

List of Maps

Map 1: Base Map of the Project ...................................................................... 2 Map 2: Proposed Bheramara - Ishwardi 230 kV T/L ..........................................11 Map 3: Proposed New AP of TL ......................................................................17 Map 4: Flood vulnerability map of Bangladesh..................................................19 Map 5: Seismic zone of Bangladesh ................................................................21

List of Photographs

Photo 1: Proposed place in Bheramara sub-station ...........................................11 Photo 2: Proposed place in Ishwardi sub-station ...............................................12 Photo 3: RL : 16.054 m PWD (Ishwardi SS) .....................................................20 Photo 4: RL: 17.462 m PWD (Bheramara SS) ..................................................20 Photo 5: RL : 13.649 m PWD (agricultural land- Char Mokarampur) ....................20 Photo 6: Lichu (Litchi chinensis) an orchard vegetation .....................................25 Photo 7: Housing condition in study area ........................................................27 Photo 8: Consultation with local and secondary stakeholders .............................30

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Currency Equivalents

(as of April 20, 2015)

Currency unit – BDT (Tk.)

Tk. 1.00 = $ 0.013

$1.00 = Tk. 77.88

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Abbreviations

ADB Asian Development Bank

AEZ Agro-ecological Zone

AIS Air Insulated Switchgear

AP Angle Point

ASA Association for Social Advancement

BBS Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

BEZ Bio-ecological Zone

BMD Bangladesh Meteorological Department

BPDB Bangladesh Power Development Board

BRAC Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee

BWDB Bangladesh Water Development Board

CEGIS Center for Environmental and Geographic Information Services

CITES Convention on International Trade in endangered species

DAE Department of Agricultural Extension

DC Deputy Commissioner/ Double Circuit

DEM Digital Elevation Model

DEPC Department of Environmental Pollution Control

DG Director General

DIA Direct Impact Area

DOE Department of Environment

DOF Department of Fisheries

DOL Department of Livestock

DPP Development of Project Proforma

EC Electrical Conductivity

ECA Environment Conservation Act

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

EMP Environmental Management Plan

EQS Environment Quality Standards

FAO Food and Agriculture Organization

FCBO Fisheries Community Base Organization

FD Forest Department

FGD Focused Group Discussion

FIDC Forest Industries Development Corporation

FWIP Future-with-Project

FWOP Future-without-Project

FS Feasibility Study

FY Fiscal Year

GIA General Impact Area

GIS Geographic Information Services

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GIS Gas Insulated Switchgear

GO Government Organization

GOB Government of Bangladesh

HES Health Environment and Safety

HHs Households

HTW Hand Tube well

HYV High Yielding Variety

HVDC High Voltage Direct Current

IDB Islamic Development Bank

IEC Important Environmental Component

IEE Initial Environmental Examination

IESC Important Environmental and Social Component

IUCN International Union for Conservation for Nature

JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency

KII Key Informant Interview

LILO Line In Line Out

LGED Local Government Engineering Department

MDG Millennium Development Goal

MoEF Ministry of Environment and Forest

MoU Memorandum of Understanding

NCA Net Cultivated Area

NCS National Conservation Strategy

NEMAP National Environment Management Action Plan

NGO Non-Governmental Organization

NOC No Objection Certificate

NWRD National Water Resource Database

OCR Ordinary Capital Resources

O/H Overhead

OMS Operation Management System

PAPs Project Affected People (s)

PCM People’s Consultation Meeting

PCP Project Concept Paper

PGCB Power Grid Company of Bangladesh Ltd

PPE Personal Protection Equipment

PRA Participatory Rural Appraisal

PWD Public Works Department

RP Resettlement Plan

RCC Reinforced Cement Concrete

ROW Right of Way

RRA Rapid Rural Appraisal

RL Reduced Level

RS Remote Sensing

SMEs Small and Medium scale Enterprises

SPM Suspended Particulate Matter

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SPS Safeguard Policy Statement SRDI Soil Resources Development Institute SS Sub station SSs Sub stations STW Shallow Tube Well ToC Table of Content ToR Terms of Reference TL Transmission Line TLs Transmission Lines TSP Triple Super Phosphate U/G Under ground UNCED United Nations Conference on Environment and Development UNDP United Nations Development Plan WARPO Water Resources Planning Organization WHO World Health Organization WB World Bank

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Weights and Measures m meter mm mili meter mt.

metric ton kg.

kilogram km

kilometer ha

hectare MVA megavolt-ampere kV

kilovolt (1,000volts) MW

megawatt Lakh 100,000 This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed

herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff,

and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on

ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any

designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the

Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status

of any territory or area.

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http://www.adb.org/terms-use

Executive Summary Introduction:

1. Government of Bangladesh (GOB) has taken decision that, additional 500 MW power will be

imported from India through back to back High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) system which is

to be installed at the same premises of existing HVDC station at Bheramara, Kushtia. To

evacuate the additional power from said HVDC system, Power Grid Company of Bangladesh

Limited (PGCB) intends to construct Power Transmission Line from Bheramara 400 KV sub-

station Kushtia, to Ishwardi 230 KV Sub-station, Pabna district under North-West and South-

West regions of Bangladesh. Asian Development Bank (ADB) and GOB will provide financial

assistance for the project. The total estimated cost of the project is US$ 185 million with

financial contribution of US$ 120 million from ADB. The Executive Agency is PGCB. Project Description: 2. A double circuit 230 kV Power Transmission Line will be constructed from extended part

(second block) of Bheramara HVDC Station 230 kV Switchyard to Ishwardi 230/132 kV

Substation by quad ACSR conductor for power evacuation. The TL meets Ishwardi SS into two

spare bays at the south-east corner of 230 kV switch yard. Length of TL will be ± 12.50 km with 3 river crossing towers. Except paddy field and some litchi gardens, no major settlement will be

obtained in ROW. Tower number of tower will be ±40 no’s. 3. The Bheramara sub-station is situated at char Mokarampur mauza in Mokarampur

union, Bheramara upazila under the Kushtia district. PGCB will set up a 500MW back-to-back

HVDC sub-station at Bheramara in Kushtia for importing electricity from India. The first

Bheramara HVDC Back to Back Sub-station was commissioned by PGCB in 2013 and has

already been connected to 400kv HVDC from Bahrampur to West Bengal by 400 kV

transmission line. 4. The Ishwardi sub-station has switchgear, circuit breaker, transformer and protection

systems etc. This sub-station is also fully functional. So there is no need to construct any major

infrastructure for proposed Bheramara to Ishwardi230 kV transmission line. There may install

some pillars, towers and other instruments. PGCB has enough land to construct other

instruments for proposed transmission line within Ishwardi sub-station. Objectives: 5. The main objectives of the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) study included:

• Identifying the current environmental and social baseline of the area; • Identifying important environmental and social components which may be impacted

from the project; • Assessing the potential environmental impacts, including any residual impact of the

proposed project; • Identifying mitigation measures to minimize the adverse impact; • Preparation of initial Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and;

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• Preparing an Environmental Monitoring Plan. Environmental Requirements for the project:

6. According to ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 (SPS 2009), the proposed project

is classified as category ‘B’. It needs only IEE. Following the SPS 2009, the draft IEE was

prepared as the unified environmental assessment and planning process like data collection,

consultation with local and institutional stakeholders, grievance redress procedure and

safeguard documentation to meet ADB safeguard requirements. 7. According to the EIA guidelines of the Department of Environment (DOE), an

environmental safeguard of the GOB, as provided under the power sectors are dictated by the

Environment Conservation Act of 1995 and the Environment Conservation Rule 1997, which

requires an IEE and an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in obtaining the site clearance

as well as environmental clearance from the DOE, Government of Bangladesh. Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures:

8. Environmental impacts of for the proposed project are mostly associated during construction

and the costs of mitigation measures are included in the engineering, procurement, and

construction contract(s) while the costs during the operation phase are borne by the EA. The

mitigation measures are included in the EMP with cost estimates. Table 13 presents the EMP

while Table 14 gives the monitoring plan for the proposed project. Information Disclosure, Public and Stakeholders Consultations:

9. Public Consultation is mandatory for the IEE study of any development project as per

ADB SPS 2009. Public consultation is a part of the IEE process aimed at involving the project

stakeholders into the project development and implementation process. During the consultation

process, the proposed “transmission lines” and “sub-stations” project interventions and

expected results as well as impacts of the project were shared during the sessions. In the

consultation process, the stakeholders were involved in reforming/developing the project

interventions considering the local needs and aspirations in line with the problems and

solutions suggested by them. The proposed interventions, findings of the IEE and the EMP

were shared with the project stakeholders for obtaining their perceptions, views and feedbacks

on the probable changes likely to happen within the project area. 10. The draft IEE will be updated to include the results of formal consultations for all

components to meet the requirements of ADB’s SPS 2009 and Public Communication Policy

2011. The updated IEE will be posted on the websites of PGCB and ADB. Implementation Arrangement and Grievance Redress Mechanism:

11. PGCB will assign a Superintending Engineer as a Project Director (PD) at the head office

for overall execution of the project. The PD will carry out the following major specific tasks

relating to implementation; i. Liaison with district administration; ii. Play role in planning,

management, monitoring and implementation of TL and sub-station; iii. Ensure availability of

budget for all activities; iv. Hand over land to the contractor with construction schedule in

compliance with the resettlement activity (if applicable); v. Form necessary committees for

implementation, and monitor the effectiveness of entitlement packages and payment

modalities. vi. Conduct environmental management and monitoring.

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12. Management and general supervision of project implementation will be done by the

Project Management Unit (PMU) headed by the PD from PGCB. The overall implementation of

the EMP will be carried out under the supervision of the PD, PMU. An environmental staff (or a

firm that will be retained during implementation), who will be primarily responsible for ensuring

that the EMP is properly implemented, will be recruited for the project prior to award of the civil

works contract. Aside from this, he/she will coordinate and interact with Project Director, PMU

on compliance to ADB requirements, relevant government agencies and local authorities on

environmental issues and clearances, update and finalize the IEE, and will prepare

environmental monitoring reports for submission to ADB at least twice a year during

construction and annually during operation phase. 13. A grievance redress committee (GRC) at the union level will be set up by PGCB as

soon as the project commences and will ensure equal representation of women in the members

of GRC. GRC will convene twice a month and will keep a record of the grievances, classify,

prioritize, and provide the solution (s) within 30 days from the date of the complaint. The record

will include the contact details of the complainant, date the complaint was received and the

nature of the complaint, agreement on corrective actions and the date it was enforced, and the

final outcome. All complaint related documentation such as minutes of the meeting and

decisions will be summarized and become part of the semi-annual monitoring report submitted

to ADB. Conclusion: 14. The proposed power transmission line will not supply electricity directly to the people all

along the route. But the people living along the proposed transmission line expressed keen

interest for implementing the Transmission line and sub-station in their area. Their main interest

is that the overall development in the power sector would contribute to the national

development from which they along with others will be benefitted. Local people along the

transmission line alignments will be benefited as the project will generate some employment

opportunities for them during the pre-construction and construction phases. 15. High resolution Remotely Sensed (RS) images have been used in deciding the route of

the transmission line avoiding settlements and ecologically sensitive and protected areas. This

has been reconfirmed by the IEE team members who walked along the entire length of the

alignment to ground truth the signatures of the satellite images. Observations of the team

members suggest that the route finally selected passes mostly through agricultural crop fields

and not through settlement or ecologically sensitive and protected areas. 16. Some minor negative impact of the project will be felt during the pre-construction and

construction phases which may involve removal of vegetation and cutting of trees for carrying

construction materials to the sites, erection of towers and construction of the transmission line.

These problems could be overcome by paying compensation and bringing back these lands to

almost their original form before handing them over to the owners after the construction is over.

Crop production lost due to these activities during the pre-construction and construction phases

will have to be compensated as well. 17. The project is not likely to have any significant negative impact; therefore no major

mitigation measures will be required. The minor impact of noise and increase in traffic are

within the existing level experienced by the local people. The towers will be erected and the line

installed under expert supervision. The contractor will be under specific orders for providing

Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) to the workers engaged for the job.

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18. The morphological analysis of the Ganges River is very much essential for the river

crossing of the proposed transmission line. So, the river crossing site has been identified for

crossing of the proposed 230 kV line. There are two existing transmission lines plying on the

both sides of the Hardging Railway Bridge which is located 2.5 km down of the proposed river

crossing point. River bank erosion, accretion of char land and historical development of the

study reach will need to investigate further. 19. No land acquisition will be required for the proposed sub-station. Because the proposed

sub-station is located within the PGCB’s owned sub-station area. Crop compensation for tower

footing sites as well as for DIA area of ROW during stringing period will be paid by contractors

which would be supervised by PMU. The environmental monitoring plan, if properly

implemented during the pre-construction, construction and post-construction and operation

phases will ensure taking corrective measures. 20. For implementing of the Environmental Management Plan i.e. compensation, mitigation,

contingency and enhancement measures, total amount of TK. 165 lakh is estimated during this

IEE study. Including the monitoring cost, the total budget of the EMP will be Tk. 273.75 lakh

approximately.

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1. Introduction 21. GOB has taken decision that, additional 500 MW power will be imported from India

through back to back HVDC system which is to be installed at the same premises of existing

HVDC station at Bheramara, Kushtia. To evacuate the additional power from said HVDC

system, PGCB intends to construct around 12 km Power Transmission Line from Bheramara 400 KV sub-station Kushtia, to Ishwardi230 KV Sub-station, Pabna district belonging to North-

West and South-West regions of Bangladesh. ADB and GOB will provide financial assistance

for the project. The PGCB will need an environmental clearance from the DOE, Ministry of

Environment and Forest, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh for implementing

the transmission line and other ancillary works. With this, PGCB intends to conduct IEE as well

as EIA study. 22. The main objectives of the IEE study included:

• Identifying the current environmental and social baseline of the area; • Identifying important environmental and social components which may be impacted

from the project; • Assessing the potential environmental impacts, including any residual impact of the

proposed project; • Identifying mitigation measures to minimize the adverse impact; • Preparation of initial EMP and; • Preparing an Environmental Monitoring Plan.

23. The location of the project is shown in Map 1. The proposed 230 kV transmission line

will be constructed from Bheramara to Ishwardi under Kushtia and Pabna district. A double

circuit 230 kV Power Transmission Line constructed from extended part (second block) of

Bheramara HVDC Station 230 kV Switchyard to Ishwardi 230/132 kV Substation by quad

ACSR conductor for power evacuation. The TL meets Ishwardi SS into two spare bays at the

south-east corner of 230 kV switch yard. Length of TL will be ± 12.50 km with 3 river crossing

towers. Except paddy field and some litchi gardens, no major settlement will be obtained in

ROW. The total number of towers will be ±40. A map is attached below. 24. The Bheramara sub-station is situated at char Mokarampur mauza in Mokarampur

union, Bheramara upazila under the Kushtia district. PGCB will set up a 500MW back-to-back

High-Voltage Direct-Current (HVDC) sub-station at Bheramara in Kushtia for importing

electricity from India. The first Bheramara HVDC Back to Back Station was commissioned by

PGCB in 2013 and has already been connected to 400kv HVDC from Bahrampur to West

Bengal by 400 kV transmission line. The Ishwardi sub-station has switchgear, circuit breaker,

transformer and protection systems etc. This sub-station is also fully functional. So there is no

need to construct any major infrastructure for proposed Bheramara to Ishwardi 230 kV

transmission line. There may install some pillars, towers and other instruments. PGCB has

enough land to construct other instruments for proposed transmission line within Ishwardi sub-

stations.

1

Map 1: Base Map of the Project

2

1.1 Overview of the Investment Programme

25. The investment for the project is estimated to be US$185.0 million. The Government has

requested a loan equivalent to US$35.0 million from ADB’s Ordinary Capital Resources and

US$85.0 million from ADB’s Special Funds to finance the Project and will provide funds

equivalent to US$65.0 million (Table 1). A project loan financing modality is considered.

Table 1: Tentative Financial Plan (US $ million)

Source Amount (US $ million) Share of Total (%)

Asian Development Bank 120.0 64.9

Government of Bangladesh 65.0 35.1

Total 185.0 100

Source: ADB staff estimated based on draft development project pro-forma, discussion with PGCB and GOB 1.2 Environmental Requirements

26. According to ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 (SPS 2009), the proposed project

is classified as category ‘B’. It needs only Initial Environmental Examination (IEE). Following the

SPS 2009, the draft IEE was prepared as the unified environmental assessment and planning

process like data collection, consultation with local and institutional stakeholders, grievance

redress procedure and safeguard documentation to meet ADB safeguard requirements.

27. According to the EIA guidelines of the DoE, an environmental safeguard of the

Government of Bangladesh (GOB), as provided under the power sectors are dictated by the

Environment Conservation Act of 1995 and the Environment Conservation Rules 1997, which

require an IEE and an EIA in obtaining the site clearance as well as environmental clearances

respectively from the DOE, Government of Bangladesh. 1.3 Structures of the Report

28. Section 1 provides the background of the project as well as investment program of the

proposed project. Section 2 presents the policy, legal and administrative framework applicable

for the project. Section 3 defines baseline, potential impacts and the environmental

management and monitoring plan. The report is rounded up with conclusion and

recommendations.

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2. Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework 2.1 National Environmental Requirements

29. This section presents the regulatory agency, process, regulations and international

environmental agreements relevant to the Investment Program. 2.1.1 Environmental Authority 30. The Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) is the agency of the GOB in planning,

promotion, coordination and overseeing the implementation of environmental and forestry

programs. MOEF oversees all national environmental matters and is responsible for activities

such as prevention and control of pollution, forestation and regeneration of degraded areas and

protection of the environment, and in the framework of legislations. MOEF also conducts

surveys, impact assessment, control of pollution, research, and collection and dissemination of

environmental information and creation of environmental awareness among all sectors in

Bangladesh. 31. Under the MOEF, the DOE was established as the primary government authority

mandated to regulate and enforce environmental management regulations to ensure

sustainable development and to conserve and manage the environment of Bangladesh. The

DOE implements the duties of the MOEF on the ground through the consistent application of

environmental rules and regulations, and provide guidance, training and promotional campaign

on improving the awareness of environmental issues. 2.1.2 Securing Environmental Clearance 32. Section12 of ECA 1995 provides that no industrial unit or project can be established or

undertaken without obtaining an environmental clearance certificate (ECC) from the Director

General, DOE. In accordance with the ECR 1997, DOE has classified development

interventions based on their potential adverse environmental impacts for the purpose of issuing

the ECC. The categories are: (i) green, (ii) orange A, (iii) orange B, and (iv) red. 33. The application for ECC from the DOE has two steps: (i) site clearance certificate is

obtained at the initial stage and (ii) the ECC at the advanced stage. ECC is required for all the

categories (i.e., green, orange A, orange B, and red). A site clearance and ECC are required

for industries /projects in the categories: orange A, orange B, and red. Appendix 1 gives the

complete list of industries according to category. 34. The issuance of ECC by the DOE for Green projects is within 15 days upon receipt of

application while for the site clearance of Orange A projects, the issuance will be within 30 days

upon receipt of application, then for Orange B and Red categories, it will be 60 days. The ECC

of Green projects is valid for three years. Once the site clearance is obtained for Orange A,

Orange B, and Red projects, the ECC can be applied. DOE will issue or disapprove the ECC

for Orange A projects within 15 days and within 30 days for Orange B projects while for Red

category, it will be within 60 working days. The ECC is valid for one year depending on the

compliance of the conditions and must be renewed 30 days prior to the expiry date.

4

35. No environmental study is required for Green industries or projects since they are

considered to be relatively pollution free. However, a no objection certificate (NOC), normally

taken from the local authorities, is required for submission to the DOE including a general

information about the project/industry, and a description of the raw materials and finished

products. 36. To obtain the site clearance, projects or industries with in the Orange A category are

required to submit general information, NOC, feasibility report, description of raw materials and

finished products, process flow diagram, layout plan, and effluent disposal system. 37. For Orange B category, the application for site clearance and ECC includes the

feasibility report, IEE, EMP for existing industry, a NOC, pollution minimization plan, and an

outline of relocation plan. 38. The Red category industries/projects are those which may cause significant adverse

environmental impacts and therefore, and require an EIA. Power projects fall within the Red

category. The documents required for site clearance are feasibility report, IEE and EMP for

existing industry, no objection certificate ( NOC), a pollution minimization plan including

emergency plan for mitigation of adverse environmental impacts. After the issuance of the site

clearance, the proponent can apply for the ECC. Figure 1 presents the process of application

for ECC to the DOE including the documents required.

Figure 1: DOE Application Process for Securing ECC

5

39. Other relevant national regulations are as follows:

(i) Environment Court Act 2000 (amended in 2002) is under the Judiciary and MOEF to

ensure the completion of environment related legal proceedings effectively; (ii) Vehicle Act 1927, the Motor Vehicles Ordinance 1983, and Bengal Motor Vehicle

Rules 1940 are under the Bangladesh Road Transport Authority which regulates vehicular emissions and noise including road safety;

(iii) Factories Act 1965 and Bangladesh Labour 2006 are under the Ministry of Labour which provides for the occupational rights and safety of factory workers and the provision of comfortable work environment and reasonable working conditions;

(iv) The Forest Act 1927 (amended in 1982 and 1989) is under the MOEF to protect forest resources;

(v) Energy Policy 1996 is under the MPEMR which underscores the environmental protection by requiring an EIA for any new energy development project;

(vi) Telegraph Act 1885 is under the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunication which

provides that the GOB can build towers on public land without giving any land

compensation; (vii) Electricity Act 1910 is the law relating to the supply and use of electrical energy,

and which allows any person to secure a license to supply energy and to put down

or place electrical supply lines for the transmission of energy. Sect 19 (1) of the Act

provides that the licensee, in the exercise of any of the powers conferred by or

under this Act, will cause as little damage, detriment and inconvenience as may be,

and will make full compensation for any damage, detriment or inconvenience

caused by him or by any one employed by him.

40. Appendix 2 and Appendix 3 present the relevant environmental regulations and

environmental quality standards in Bangladesh, respectively. 2.1.3 Relevant International Environmental Agreements

41. The following is a list of applicable international environmental agreements that can provide

guidance during the implementation of the proposed project:

• Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (Paris1972) – this convention was accepted in Bangladesh on 3 August 1983 and

ratified on 3 November 1983. This Convention defines and provides for the

conservation of the world’s heritage by listing the natural and cultural sites whose

value should be preserved. Existing list can be referred to, if available, to avoid

impacts in areas with cultural and natural heritage 7value.

• Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Water fowl Habitat

(Ramsar1971) – ratified on 20 April 1992, which provides a framework for national

action and international cooperation for the conservation and sustainable use of

wetlands and their resources. Bangladesh has two Ramsar sites, the Tangauar Haor

(Northeast of Bangladesh) and parts of Sundarban Reserved Forest (Southwest of

Bangladesh).This project avoided these two identified Ramsar sites.

• Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora

(Washington 1973) – also known as CITES was signed on 20 November 1981. This

Convention provides a framework for addressing the over harvesting and exploitation

patterns that threaten species of flora and fauna. Under the Convention, the

governments agree to restrict or regulate trade in species that are threatened by

unsustainable patterns. This project is not within the habitat areas which are likely to

6

have endangered species of wildlife and flora. The project sites are located in the

built-up areas of two districts named Kushtia and Pabna. Nonetheless, the EA will

ensure that the project will not cause any harvesting and exploitation of wild flora and

fauna during construction and operation.

• Convention on Biological Diversity (1992) – entered into force on 29 December 1993

and ratified on 20 March 1994. This provides for a framework for biodiversity and

requires signatories to develop a National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan. This

project will refer to the applicable or relevant National Biodiversity Strategy and Action

Plan to ensure that any replacement of cleared vegetation (if any) resulting from the

project will be consistent with the objectives and priorities of the Action Plan.

• Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (Bonn 1979) –

this sets the framework for agreements between countries important to the migration

of threatened species. Proposed project is not with in the areas known or likely to be

habitat of migratory species of wild animals.

• Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPS) a global treaty in May 2001 which was made effective in May 2004 to protect human health and the environment from chemicals that remain intact for a long time and become widely distributed geographically and accumulate in human and wildlife tissue. GOB signed the Stockholm Convention on POPS on 23 May 2001 and was ratified on 27 March 2007. The treaty requires the Parties to take measures to eliminate or reduce the release of POPS in the environment. The POPS of major concern to power sector projects is the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) used before as a transformer oil. PCB is not manufactured in Bangladesh and its international production generally was ended in 1980. This project will ensure that management of POPS, if any, will be managed consistent with the Stockholm Convention.

2.2 Environmental Requirements of ADB

42. The environmental requirements specified in SPS 2009 apply to all projects funded by

ADB. SPS 2009 covers three key safeguard areas: environment, involuntary resettlement, and

indigenous peoples; and aims to avoid adverse project impacts to both the environment and

affected people; minimize, mitigate and/or compensate for adverse project impacts, and help

Borrowers to strengthen their safeguard systems and to develop their capacity in managing the

environmental and social risks. The environment assessment and review procedures require

for the analysis of alternatives, meaningful consultation, timely information disclosure,

preparation of environmental management plan and monitoring with appropriate budget, setting

up of a grievance redress mechanism, biodiversity conservation and sustainable natural

resource management, pollution prevention and abatement, inclusion of occupational and

community health and safety, and avoiding damage to physical cultural resources. 43. During identification, screening and scoping of projects, ADB uses a categorization

system based on the significance of potential environmental impacts and is determined by the

category of its most environmentally-sensitive component, including direct, indirect, cumulative,

and induced impacts within the project's area of influence. The project categorization system is

as follows: Category A – an environmental impact assessment (EIA) is required for a project that is likely

to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse, or

unprecedented, and may affect an area larger than the sites or facilities subject to physical

works.

7

Category B – an initial environmental examination (IEE) is required for a project that is likely

to have adverse environmental impacts that are less adverse than those of Category A which

are site-specific, few if any of them irreversible and in most cases mitigation measures can be

designed more readily than Category A. Category C – no environmental assessment is required but environmental implications will be

reviewed for a project that is likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. Category FI – if a project involves investment of ADB funds to or through a financial

intermediary. 44. Table 2 presents a comparison of the environmental requirements focusing on the ADB and

GOB.

Table 2: Comparison of Environmental Requirements of ADB and GOB Project Stage ADB GOB

Screening • Uses sector-specific rapid • ECA 1995 and ECR 1997 and environmental assessment set screening criteria to classify Categorization checklist for screening industries/projects based on • assigns categories based on potential environmental impacts potential impacts: as follows:

• A - EIA required Green, Orange A, Orange B (irreversible, diverse or and Red. These screening unprecedented adverse criteria are based on project or environmental impacts) industry type and do not • B - IEE required consider the scale and • C - no environmental location. The category assessment required but a determines the level of review of environmental environmental assessment. implications is required

• FI - ESMS required Environmental • Identify potential impacts Industry/project category

Assessment on physical, biological, Green - no environmental physical cultural resources, assessment required

and socioeconomic aspects Orange A - no IEE or EIA in the context of project's required but must provide area of influence (i.e., process flow, lay-out showing primary project site and effluent treatment plant, etc. facilities, and associated Orange B - IEE required

facilities) Red - both IEE and EIA are required Analysis of For projects with potential • Regulations (i.e., ECA 1995 Alternatives significant impacts (i.e., and ECR 1997) do not require Category A) specifically the identification • Examine alternatives to and analysis of alternatives the project's location,

design, and technology

• Document rationale for

selecting the particular

project location, design, and

technology

• Consider "no project"

alternative Meaningful • Starts early and continues • Public consultation and Consultation during implementation participation are not mandatory • Undertaken in an based on ECA 1995 and

8

Project Stage ADB GOB atmosphere free of ECR 1997

intimidation

• Gender inclusive and

responsive

• Tailored to the needs of

vulnerable groups

• Allows for the incorporation

of all relevant views of

stakeholders Information ADB will post in its website • No requirement for disclosure Disclosure the following: but DOE posts the Minutes of • Draft EIA report posted on the Meeting on the application ADB website at least 120 for environmental clearance days prior to Board certificate to its website, consideration http://www.doe-

• Draft EA/EARF prior to bd.org/minutes.php appraisal

• Final or updated EIA/IEE

upon receipt • Environmental monitoring

report submitted by

borrowers upon receipt Grievance • Establish a mechanism to • Grievance redress mechanism Redress receive and facilitate is not mentioned in the Mechanism resolution of grievances or regulations

complaints Use of • Refers to Environmental Ambient and emission Environmental Health and Safety standards included in ECA standard Guidelines 2007 1995 and ECR 1997

• If national regulations differ, • Occupational health and more stringent will be safety standards included in followed the Factories Act 1965 and

• If less stringent levels are Bangladesh Labour Law 2006 appropriate in view of

specific project

circumstances, provide full

and detailed justification Monitoring • Prepare monitoring • ECC is subject to annual and Reporting reports on the progress renewal based on compliance of EMP of the conditions set in the

• Retain qualified and ECC. experienced external

experts or NGOs to verify

monitoring information for

Category A projects • Prepare and implement

corrective action plan if

non- compliance is

identified

• Requires submission of

quarterly, semiannual, and

annual reports to ADB for

review

Source: Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources.

9

3. Baseline, Potential Impacts and Environmental Management

Plan 3.1 Project Description

3.1.1 Objectives and Benefits

45. The objectives of the project are:

• To ensure quality services to the customers. • To improve the distribution system and decrease system loss. • Economic use of electricity with the reduction of National Peak Demand. • Reduction of load shedding. • Ensure quality power supply with reliability

3.1.2 Project components and activities

46. The project is located in the South-West and North-West Region of Bangladesh mainly

within Pabna and Kushtia District belonging to Rajshahi and Khulna divisions respectively. The

locations of the project are shown in Map 2. There are five unions located alongside the

transmission line belonging to two upazilas named Ishwardi and Bheramara. It is also

mentioned that nine mauzas and one Paurasava are also crossed by the proposed

transmission line. Total around 40 tower footings will be constructed along the proposed line. 47. The Bheramara sub-station is situated at char Mokarampur mauza in Mokarampur union, Bheramara upazila under the Kushtia district. PGCB will set up a 500MW back-to-back HVDC sub-station at Bheramara in Kushtia for importing electricity from India. The first Bheramara HVDC Back to Back Station was commissioned by PGCB in 2013 and has already been connected to 400kv HVDC from Bahrampur to West Bengal by400 kV transmission line.

Existing sub-station area is already having other facilities such as electrical specifications for

switchgear, circuit breaker, transformer and protection systems etc (table 3). These are now

available for proposed Transmission Line. There is available space within Bheramara HVDC

sub-station for constructing new bays. Moreover, this proposed project doesn’t require any land

acquisition for the sub-station. Photo 1 of Bheramara Sub-station is presented below.

Table 3: Project components and activities

Name of project Length T/L Main activities

Bheramara to Ishwardi 230 kV Construction, testing and commissioning of

Around 12 230 kV Bheramara (Kushtia district) –

Transmission Line

km Ishwardi (Pabna district) Double Circuit

(DC) overhead transmission line.

500MW back-to-back High- Construction, testing and commissioning of

Voltage Direct-Current (HVDC) -

the Sub-station

sub-station

Source: DPP, PGCB.

10

Map 2: Proposed Bheramara - Ishwardi 230 kV T/L

Photo 1: Proposed place in Bheramara sub-station 48. The Ishwardi sub-station has switchgear, circuit breaker, transformer and protection

systems etc. This sub-station is also fully functional. So there is no need to construct any major

infrastructure for proposed Bheramara to Ishwardi transmission line (230Kv). There may install

some pillars, towers and other instruments. PGCB has enough land to construct other

11

instruments for proposed transmission line within Ishwardi sub-station. So there is no need to

acquire land or other developmental activities e.g. land filling, land leveling, bounding, roadway

for vehicle movement, storage of material etc. in this purpose. Sub-station sites are now being

developed and prepared for any kind of construction activities of proposed transmission line.

Photo 2 is presented the Bheramara Sub-station below.

Photo 2: Proposed place in Ishwardi sub-station

3.1.3 Implementation Activities 49. The construction activities associated with the proposed project include the

transmission towers, stringing of the transmission line, and construction of the substation. The

main implementation activities should be conducted by implementing agency. Some activities

include the following:

• Land/vegetation clearing along the right-of-way (ROW); • Determine the requirements for temporary access roads/tracks; • Establish the required areas for material storage and work sites; • Determine if constructions camps for workers will be required; • Move the equipment and materials required to the work sites or storage areas; • Foundation works for substations and transmission towers (around 40 nos.); • Erection of transmission towers and stringing of transmission lines; • Installation of surface drainage and construction of cable trench, covered storage

and warehouse /stockroom; • Laying of gravel for the switchyard with associated civil and electrical works

and boundary lighting; • Setting up of security/ sentry post; • Construction of transformer blast wall, septic tank, and rain water harvesting unit; • Equipment installation, testing, and commissioning of equipment, and; • Other miscellaneous tasks needed to complete the works.

50. The substations will be equipped with safety measures such as fire-fighting equipment,

first aid kits, and property boundary wall/ fence with trained security personnel.

12

Pre-construction phase 51. Pre-construction activities are summarized below:

• Study of distribution systems, feasibility study and load flow study including

the preparation of development plan; • Prepare the engineering design (Appendix 4 - lay-out plan for both sub-

stations i.e. Bheramara and Ishwardi ) and as-built drawings to update the

system as appropriate; • Prepare the required bid documents for the construction of substation as well as

its associated works; • Establish the temporary access track; • Establish the areas for material storage and worksites; • Establish the construction camps for workers, as needed.

Construction phase

Civil Construction Works 52. Earth works for the foundation: Earth works and excavation are needed for the foundation

of the substation and ancillary buildings as well as the transmission towers at required depth.

The excavated earth and other spoils are kept temporarily in borrow areas nearby and after the

earthworks for the foundation, back filling of the excavated area will be done and finished with

sand. Foundation Treatment 53. Geotechnical investigations of the foundation area will be under taken. Results of

geotechnical investigations help in designing the appropriate foundation of the structures as

well as in determining if treatment of the foundation is required. The appropriate treatment such

as bulla piling, precast reinforced concrete cement (RCC) piling or in-situ concrete piling, sand

piling, and removal of peat or loose soil will be determined after the geotechnical investigations. RCC works 54. RCC works are needed for the roof, columns, beams, floor, foundation of transformers,

circuit breaker and steel structures, and other structures. Brickworks up to plinth level and superstructure 55. Brick works will be done for the construction of the substation building using First Class

bricks and, coarse sand and cement up to the roof level. Sand backfilling 56. Back filling by sand will be done in the excavated areas for the foundation and floor of the

building. Plastering and finishing (electric wiring, distemper or plastic paints) 57. Concealing of the electrical wiring with wires of proper size and good quality will be done

and bulbs and switchboards will be provided. Plastering of the walls inside and outside of the

building and its roof will be undertaken accordingly with curing work carried out for at least

three weeks. After this time, plastic paint distemper will be done on the walls and the roof of the

building. Wood/Thai aluminum for doors and windows, and glass fittings 58. Wood/Thai aluminum works with glass fittings will be done on the door shutter sand

windows of the building.

13

Sanitary works 59. Sanitary works include laying down of sewerage pipelines either with polyvinyl/chloride PVC

or RCC, and installation, fitting, and fixing of toilet accessories (British Industry Steel Frame). Water supply system 60. Existing water supply system, if available, will be used as water supply source for the

substation. In places where there is no supply system, tube wells will be installed for the

workers and staff at the substation. Boundary fencing with concrete pillars and barbed wires 61. To protect the sub stations from encroachment and unauthorized entry from the public, the

area has already been fenced with six feet- high boundary wall. Electric Work 62. Once the substation building is completed, all the equipment (transformer, circuit breaker,

isolator, lightening arrester, panel board, batteries and battery charger, etc.) will be installed

(outdoor and indoor) according to specifications and standards. Most of the material for the

substation will has to be procured abroad. Thus, there will be limited domestic resource

utilization for the project. Construction materials such as bricks, sand, cement, rods, etc. will be

locally purchased. Testing and commissioning of equipment 63. After the outdoor and indoor installation of all the equipment required, they will be tested

according to specifications and standards. Once all the tests have been successfully

completed, the substation will be commissioned. Erection of the transmission towers 64. Steel lattice towers are transported to designated locations from the nearest road

access point then carried manually to locations where access by vehicle is difficult. After the

foundation strength is complete, the towers are erected manually using pulleys, wrenches, etc. 65. The towers will be constructed to bear the load of the tower, cables, accessories

including wind load and earthquake load. In areas of paddy fields, the towers will have proper

clearance at the sag (lowest point on line) and in homesteads, the sag will be above the

canopy. It is estimated that about 40 transmission towers need to be erected for the proposed

project. Installation of fire-fighting system and establishing first aid center 66. As the AIS sub-station is vital installations, fire-fighting equipment of appropriate

specification will be procured and installed. First aid boxes are to be kept at the installation

including provision of ambulance service.

Post-construction phase 67. Post construction phase will cover final installation of the safety measures in the substation

and transmission towers such as fire-fighting equipment system following the appropriate

specifications, and the emergency first aid kits installed at strategic locations within the

substation. Trained security personnel will be deployed to ensure peace and security within the

property perimeter.

14

3.2 Availability of construction equipment and work schedule

68. Equipment and materials required for the construction of the substation such as poles,

conductors, conductor joining material, cable, indoor termination kit, insulator, distribution

transformer accessories, transformer protection equipment, hardware materials for

transmission system etc. will be procured from abroad. Construction materials such as bricks,

sand, cement, rods, etc. will be acquired locally from domestic suppliers. 69. Project implementation is expected to begin with contract award in July 2015 and

completion by June 2018. 3.3 Analysis of Alternatives

70. The following criteria were considered for selecting the alignment of the route:

• Open agricultural land. • Distance from connecting road should not be more than 1 km. • Avoid settlement areas as much as possible. • Avoid urban areas as much as possible. • Avoid river crossings if possible. • Avoid water bodies. • Consider the existing power distributing line. • Location of Air-Insulated Switchgear (AIS).

71. Three alternative routes (Option-1, Option-2 and Option-3) have been considered for

the proposed 12km T/L. The options were selected through consultation with local

stakeholders, analyzing maps and satellite images to minimize impacts from previous ROW.

From field findings, it is obvious that every transmission route has both limitation and

opportunity. 72. The Bheramara to Ishwardi 230 kV transmission line (about 12.5 km) will pass over

various mauzas under Bheramara and Ishwardi upazila. Table 4 presents the comparative

features within GIA and DIA for the-3 proposed options. Option-2 comprises almost 9 semi

pucca and 20 katcha houses where option-1 includes 250 and 76 semi-pucca houses and other

option-3 comprises almost 780 pucca and 650 semi-pucca houses. Avoiding 2 pucca houses

and some other semi-pucca (3 nos.) and kutcha houses (5 nos.) and from the path of option 2,

3rd

nos. angle point (AP) has been shifted from north to south direction and fixed the TL finally

(see MAP 3).

Table 4: Comparisons of Alternative Routes

Features of impacted area Socially

Route GIA-1 (30m left side) DIA (20m middle side) GIA-2 (30m right and

side) environmen

options

tally

suitable

Pucca house 15 nos. - Pucca house 6 nos.

Op

tio

n-2

Semi-pucca house 6 Semi-pucca house 9 Semi-pucca house 19

Su

ita

ble

nos. nos. nos.

Kutcha house 55 nos. Kutcha house 25 nos. Kutcha house 53 nos.

Education Institute - -

3nos.

Rail line crossing Rail line crossing Rail line crossing

15



side) environmen

options

tally

suitable

132Kv transmission line 132Kv transmission line 132Kv transmission

cross cross line cross



Pucca Road cross 16 Pucca Road cross 11 Pucca Road cross 13

nos. nos. nos.

Kutcha Road cross 9 Kutcha Road cross 9 Kutcha Road cross 7

nos. nos. nos.

Padma river Cross Padma river Cross Padma river Cross

Pond 2 nos. Pond 3 nos. Pond 2nos.

Rice Processing mill Rice Processing mill 4 Rice Processing mill

7nos. nos. 6nos.

Banana tree 6 nos. Banana tree 20 nos. -

Bamboo 20 nos. - Bamboo 35 nos.

Trees (Timbers, fruits, Trees(Timbers, fruits,

Trees(Timbers, fruits,

medicine etc) 763

medicine etc)791 nos. medicine etc) 414 nos.

nos.

Pucca house 250 nos. Pucca house 180 nos. Pucca house 350 nos.

Semi-pucca house 300 Semi-pucca house 250 Semi-pucca house

nos. nos. 320nos.

Kutcha house 200 nos. Kutcha house 150 nos. Kutcha house 300

nos.

Education Institute Education Institute Education Institute

5nos. 4nos. 8nos.


Shop 55 nos. Shop 25 nos. Shop 70 nos.


Op

tio

n-1


No

t suitable




nos. nos. nos.


nos. nos. nos.


Rice Processing mill Rice Processing mill 10 Rice Processing mill

15 nos. nos. 22 nos.

Banana tree 6 nos. Banana tree 20nos. -

Bamboo 250 nos. - Bamboo 300 nos.

Trees (Timbers, fruits, Trees(Timbers, fruits, Trees(Timbers, fruits,

medicine etc) 2500 medicine etc) 1500 nos. medicine etc) 3500

nos. nos.

Pucca house 120 nos. Pucca house 50 nos. Pucca house 80 nos.

Semi-pucca house 6 Semi-pucca house Semi-pucca house

No

tsuitable

Op

tio

n-3

nos. 11nos. 19nos.

Kutcha house 90 nos. Kutcha house 120 nos. Kutcha house 53 nos.

Education Institute -

Education Institute

5nos. 6nos.


Lalon shah Bridge - Harding bridge

16



side) environmen

options

tally

suitable

- - Ishwardi EPZ area






nos. nos. nos.


nos. nos. nos.


Rice Processing mill Rice Processing mill Rice Processing mill

10nos. 4nos. 6nos.

Banana tree 6 nos. Banana tree 20nos. -

Bamboo 200 nos. Bamboo 150 nos. Bamboo 350nos.

Trees (Timbers, fruits, Trees (Timbers, fruits, Trees(Timbers, fruits,

medicine etc) 1500 medicine etc) 1000 nos. medicine etc) 1800

nos. nos.

Source: Rout survey, February 2015.

Old AP of TL

SS

New AP of TL

Map 3: Proposed New AP of TL 73. On the other hands there are 3 (three) Educational institutions in the option-2 compared to

more such institutes under option-1 and option-3. There is no shop in the option -2 and 1.

However option-3 includes 150 shops which guarantees livelihood to a lot of people’s

livelihood. Option-2 crosses less pucca and kutcha road than option-1 and 3. All l the option

includes trees which need to be cut down. Comparatively, option-2 demand less than the

others. All the options have to cross the Padma River. It would rather select the option 2 as

option 3 may create some difficulties. The option 3 also has to cross 132Kv and 230Kv

transmission line and rail way. In the option -3, the T/L is shorter than the others but it have to

cross Lalon Shah road way Bridge, Harding Railway Bridge and Ruppur nuclear power plant. It

also demands underground line that is also costly than other options.

17

74. Considering the obstacles of alternative routes it is obvious that option-2 is more suitable

than other alternatives. It offers less cut down trees, includes less educational institutions, less

livelihood (rice mill, shops etc) losses, road networks etc. This route is designed through crop

field, barren land and less dense area. Therefore, it will minimize the effects and the cost as

well. 3.4 Description of the Existing Environment

Administrative Area

75. A 20m area through the ROW has been defined as the directly impacted area (DIA) has

been considered for environmental analysis. General socioeconomic profile has been prepared

for union -based administrative units (Table 5) over which the power transmission line shall

traverse.

Table 5: Administrative units crossed by TL

Sl. No. District (s) Upazila (s) Union (s) Mauza (s) 1 Pabna Ishwardi Sara Sara

2 Paurasava Paurasava

3 Silimpur Char Silimpur

4 Char Mirkamari

5 Pakshi Baghail

6 Bamanagar

7 Kushtia Bheramara Mokarampur Golapnagar

8 Char Golapnagar

9 Mokarampur

10 Char Mokarampur

Source: GIS analysis, CEGIS, 2015. 3.4.1 Natural Hazards

Flooding 76. The Bheramara – Ishwardi 230 kV transmission line will traverse through flood free area

(Map-4). The transmission line will cross the 2.19 kilometer wide Padma River at Bheramara

Sadar. The historic records of water level at Padma River are available with the BWDB. Based

on the historic records, the probable maximum water level near the crossing was estimated for

different return periods. At the crossing point with the Padma River, water level in the 20 year

return period is 16.08 m, PWD shown in the table 6.

Table 6: Water level at Padma River in different return periods

Return Period (Years) Water Level (m, PWD)

2.33 14.16

5 14.9

10 15.51

20 16.08

50 16.83

100 17.39

Source: BWDB

18

Proposed Project site

Map 4: Flood vulnerability map of Bangladesh

19

Climate Change 77. The proposed ROW and sub-station area are located in the north-west region of

Bangladesh which is flood free area as well as high elevated area considering coastal area

(south-west zone of Bangladesh). In terms of climate change issues, the north-west zone will

be continued relatively to be in advantageous condition in future. The land elevation of the Sub-

stations sites Bheramara, Ishwardi and agricultural land (Char Mokarampur) are stated in three

pictures. The elevation of Bheramara sub-station area is stated as more than 100 years return

period.

Photo 3: RL : 16.054 m PWD Photo 4: RL: 17.462 m PWD Photo 5: RL : 13.649 m PWD

(Ishwardi SS) (Bheramara SS) (agricultural land- Char

Mokarampur)

Tornado 78. There are some evidences of local seasonal storms, popularly known as nor’westers

(Kalbaishakhi). Severe nor’westers is generally associated with tornadoes. The frequency of

nor’westers usually reaches a maximum in April, whereas it is low in May and minimum in

March. Nor’westers and tornadoes are more frequent in the afternoon. Nor’westers may occur

in late February due to early withdrawal of winter from the Shillong Plateau of India. There

would be an effect of tornados on the towers of the transmission line. However, improved

design could protect the towers from accidents.

Erosion 79. The Ganges is very dynamic River due to river erosion and accretion. Morphological

analysis of the Ganges River at the proposed alignment of the transmission line is to be needed

on the based on previous studies, using historical maps, time-series satellite images and

relevant hydro-morphological data. Advanced remote sensing and GIS tools and techniques

should be used for this analysis. The study reach is almost bounded by structures, like Paksey

hard point, guide bunds of the Hardging Railway Bridge.

Seismicity 80. Bangladesh is divided into three seismic zones: Zone I–Severe (Seismic Factor, 0.08g),

Zone II– Moderate (Seismic Factor, 0.05g), and Zone III – Minor (Seismic Factor, 0.04g). Map 5

shows the seismic zones of Bangladesh. The proposed project area lies within Zone III. Thus,

the design of towers and substation should with stand ground acceleration equivalent to 0.04g

during earthquake.

20

Map 5: Seismic zone of Bangladesh

21

3.4.2 Meteorology 81. The study area is located under a typical monsoon climate area within country. It has

three main seasons:

• Summer/pre-monsoon - March to May • Rainy season/monsoon - June to October • Winter season - November to February

82. The rainy season is hot and humid having about 80 percent of the annual rainfall. The

winter is predominately cool and dry. The summer is hot and dry interrupted by occasional

heavy rainfall. 83. The Bheramara - Ishwardi transmission line project lies in the southwestern part of

Bangladesh where monsoon comes in the month of July and recedes in late October. The

Bangladesh Meteorological Data (BMD) of Ishwardi station shows that the maximum

temperature in the months of April is around 350C and the minimum temperature in the month

of January is around 80C. The monthly average of relative humidity varies from 64% to 86% in

a year. Even in winter season, the humidity is above 50%. The annual average rainfall of this

area is 1455 mm/yr of which 79% occurs during monsoon. December to January are coldest months with the lowest temperature at 23.8

oC and warmest in March to May at 35.5

oC.

3.4.3 Surface Water Quality

84. Sample from one surface water collection point west side the HVDC station of Bheramara,

Kushtia- (GPS: 24° 03” 57″ N and 88° 59’ 51 ″ E) was collected on 14th

February 2014 to

analyze Turbidity, DO, pH, BOD, COD, Arsenic, Iron, Fecal Coliform, Chloride and Manganese. The analyses of the parameters have been done in BUET Laboratory, Dhaka and result has been placed in the table 7.

Table 7: Surface Water Quality Analysis Report

Sl No.

Parameter for

Bangladesh Standard

Test Result for point -1

Laboratory Analysis

1 pH 6-9 8.39

2 Turbidity - 38.6

3 Arsenic 0.2 mg/L 0.006

4 Iron 2 mg/L 0.5

5 Chloride 600 mg/L 36

6 Manganese 5 mg/L <MDL

7 Fecal Caliform - 100

8 DO 4.5-8 mg/L 5.46

9 COD 200 mg/L 38

10 BOD 50 mg/L 9

Source: Water Quality Test from BUET Laboratory. 24th February 2014

3.4.4 Ground Water Quality

85. Sample from one ground water point inside the HVDC station of Bheramara, Kushtia

(GPS: 24° 04’ 56″ N and 88° 59’ 50″ E) was collected on 14th

February 2014 to analyze

Turbidity, pH, Arsenic, Iron, Chloride and Manganese. The analyses of the parameters have

been done in BUET Laboratory, Dhaka and result has been placed in the Table 8.

22

Table 8: Ground Water Quality Analysis Report

Sl No.

Parameter for

Bangladesh Standard

Test Result for point -1

Laboratory Analysis

1 pH 6-9 7.12

2 Turbidity 10 JTU 0.96

3 Arsenic 0.05 mg/L 0.004

4 Iron 0.3-1.0 mg/L 0.04

5 Chloride 150-600mg/L 11

6 Manganese 0.1 mg/L 1.04

Source: Water Quality Test from BUET Laboratory. 24th February 2014

3.4.5 Air Quality

86. One representative sample of air was collected from the south side of Control Room

Building at HVDC Station, Bheramara, Kushtia was (GPS: 24° 04’ 02″ N and 89° 00’ 03″ E) on

14th

February 2014 to analyze SPM, CO, SOX, NOX and Lead. The analyses of the parameters

have been done in Enviro Consultation Ltd. Laboratory, Dhaka and results have been placed in

Table 9 and the standard data for Bangladesh is stated in Table 10.

Table 9: Base information of Ambient Air Quality

Sl.

Parameter for Analysis

Bangladesh Standard (Industrial

Result

No.

and Mixed Area)

1 SPM 200 microgram per cubic meter 405.55

2 SO2 120 microgram per cubic meter 21.57

3 NOx 100 microgram per cubic meter 78.68

4 Lead - 0.13

5 CO 5000 microgram per cubic meter Nil

Source: Enviro Consultants Limited, 8th

March, 2014.

Table 10: Bangladesh Standards for Ambient Air Quality

Sl. All values in micrograms per cubic meters

Suspended

Sulfur

Carbon

Oxides

No. Area Particulate Matters Dioxide Monoxide Nitrogen

(SPM) (SO2) (CO) (NOx)

A Industrial and mixed 200 120 5000 100

B

Commercial and 400 100 5000 100

mixed

C Residential and rural 200 80 2000 80

D Sensitive 100 30 1000 30

3.4.6 Noise Quality

87. Four representative points of noise monitored of the 400 KV Switch Yard line area of HVDC

station Bheramara, Kushtia was collected on 11th June 2014 to analyze Noise level. The

analyses of the parameter have been done in Enviro Consultation Ltd. Laboratory, Dhaka and

results and standard values of Bangladesh have been placed in Table 11 and Table 12

respectively.

23

Table 11: Noise Monitoring Report

Point

Location

Bangladesh Standard

Test Time

Test Result

1 Tower No.01,TT 1/0 Near HVDC Day Time 60 dBa Day Time 48.5 dBa

station, Bheramara, Kushtia

Night Time 50 dBa Night Time

45.1 dBa

2 Tower No.74, AP 12/0, Bhaghjote, Day Time 60 dBa Day Time 48.8 dBa

Mohishkundi, Doulatpur, Kushtia.

Night Time 50 dBa Night Time

41.7 dBa

Tower No.78,TT 2/0, Bhangapara, Day Time 60 dBa Day Time 49.2 dBa

3 Pakuria, Mohishkundi, Doulatpur, Night Time 50 dBa

Night Time

42.3 dBa

Kushtia

Middle of the 400 KV Switch Yard Day Time 75 dBa Day Time 53.90 dBa

4 at HVDC station, Bheramara, Night Time 70 dBa

Night Time

40.50 dBa

Kushtia

Source: Enviro Consultants Limited, 15th

June, 2014.

Table 12: Standard for Ambient Noise

Area

Categories Standard value (dBa)

Day Night

A

Silent zone 45 35

B Residential area 50 40

Mixed area (mainly residential area, and also 60 50

C simultaneously used for commercial and industrial

purpose)

D Commercial area 70 60

E Industry area 75 70

3.4.7 Agriculture Resources

88. The agricultural lands which are under the (ROW) of 230 KV power transmission line are

being intensively used for agricultural crops. The area is dominated by double cropping pattern.

Major cropping pattern within the buffer area of ROW is Fallow-HYV, Aman- HYV, Boro and

Fallow- HYV, Aman-Pulses, each of which is about 20% of the NCA. Other major crops are

such as jute, banana, tobacco, maze, wheat etc. grown vastly in this area. 3.4.8 Terrestrial Flora

89. There were large patches of forests in this zone; but they have, in most cases, been

ruthlessly cut down. However, this zone is still fairly wooded with many valuable indigenous

timber species. Foremost amongst these are: the Sal (Shorearobusta), which is also found in

the Madhupursal tract, Banyan (Ficusbengalensis), and Aswatha (F religiosa). The fruit-bearing

tree species indigenous to this zone are: the Mango (Mangiferaindica), Guava

(Psidiumguajava), Sharifa (Anonasquamosa), Tamarind (Tamarindusindica), Jackfruit

(Artocarpusheterophyllus), Badam (Terminalia catappa), Date palm (Phoenix sylvestris), and

Toddy palm (Borassusflabellifer) (Bari, 1979). 90. Settlement vegetation is the single most important plant community in terms of diversity.

The most common plants that are now being selected for homestead plants are the exotic and

these are Akashmoni (Acacia moniliformis) and Mahogany (Swieteniamahagoni). The dominant

species of settlement vegetation are lychee (Litchi chinensisSonn.), Rain tree (Albiziasaman), Aam (Mangiferaindica), Sirish (Albizialebbeck), Bot (Ficusbenghalensis) etc. Settlement

vegetation also plays an important role in providing shelter for various types of wild animals.

Besides meeting food, fodder, medicine, fuel and other household requirements, settlement

vegetation is the major source of timber, fruit and renewable biomass energy.

24

91. Orchard vegetation is another type of terrestrial vegetation found along homesteads and

cultivated land of the study area. Litchi (Litchi chinensis - Photo 6) is the major vegetation of

this type. This area produces a large number of superior varieties of Litchi, mostly grown in

Pabna district. These Litchis have wide demand in the national market and are commercially

important. Orchard vegetation is also providing shelter and food for local common birds,

mammals and reptiles. Local people are planting these type of plantation for their commercial

value.

Photo 6: Lichu (Litchi chinensis) an orchard vegetation 3.4.9 Terrestrial Fauna 92. Populations of mammals are low and all the bigger mammals have already disappeared

with the disappearance of the forest patches. Small mammals such as Common Mongoose

(Herpestesedwardsii), Small Indian Mongoose (Herpestesauropunctatus), Asian Palm Civet

(Paradoxurushermaphroditus), Oriental Civet (Viverrazibetha), Common House rat

(Rattusrattus), Little indian field mouse (Musbooduga), Indian long tailed tree mouse

(Vandeleuriaoleracea), Irrawaddy Squirrel (Callosciuruspygerythrus), Greater Short-nosed Fruit

Bat (Cynopterus sphinx), Indian Pipistrelle (Pipistrelluscoromandra), Golden Jackel (Canis

aureus) are the common of all. 3.4.10 Socio-economic Profile

93. Population: There are 32,322 households in the study area consisting of 141,590 people 1.

This includes 71,274 (50.34%) males and 70,316 (49.66%)females. The sex ratio 2 of male and

female of these mauza is 101, in which 101 are males and 100 are female. Age structure

shows that about 31% of total population are children (age ranges up to 14 years), 61% of total

population are youth (age ranges from 15 to 59 years) which are regarded as man-power and

the rest 8% of total people belong to old category (age ranges above 65 years).

1 The formula to calculate a growth rate given a beginning and ending (Estimated Population) population

is: Pop Future =Pop Present (1+r)n

Where: Pop Future = Future Population, Pop Present = Present Population, r = Growth Rate and n = Number of Years 2Number of males per 100 females in a population, using the formula: Sex Ratio SR = M x 100 / F

25

Employment Opportunity and Occupation 94. About 44% of total population are employed in different sectors where 40% are engaged in

household work and about 16% of total population are not working (it includes children and

physically challenged population). It is found that almost 56% people (including looking for

work, household work and do not work) are dependent on employed category (56%).

Standard of living- Drinking water 95. Drinking water is a major indicator of measuring social condition. It shows that on average,

95% people can collect drinking water from tube well, 2% from tap water and rest of the 3% can

collect drinking water from other sources such as ponds, river etc.

Standard of living- Sanitation Facilities 96. In the study, area about 68% household reported that they have sanitary toilet facilities in

which 29% with water-sealed and another 39% with non water-sealed. Other hand 27%

household has kancha toilet facility and 4% household have no sanitation facility.

Standard of living- Access to electricity 97. Electricity is footmark of modern evolution. It is an important indicator of measuring

advancement of an area. In the study area, on average 65% households are under electricity

coverage in which Ishwardi Paurashava covers highest percentage, almost 87% and Sara

union covers lowest percentage (44%). Thus in terms of electricity coverage, the area is better

than national coverage (53%).

Standard of living- Housing

98. In the study area, overall housing condition 3 is moderate. On an average only 10%

households are pucka and 31% households are semi pucka whereas the highest 58% houses

are kutcha (Photo 7) and Jhupri is negligible. The scenario of housing condition is now

changing with increasing income of the study area.

3BBS distinguishes housing structures into four classes such as-i) Jhupri: House which consist mud walls of 1.5 to 3.0 ft

thickness, which carry the roof load. Earthen floor, thatch or CI sheets are used as roofing materials. . There is no monolithic joint between the wall and the roof. ii) Kutcha: Walls: Organic materials like jute stick, catkin grass, straw, and bamboo mats. Split are bamboo framing. In some areas wall are made by earth. Foundation: Earthen plinth with bamboo or timber posts. Roof: Thatch-rice or wheat or maize straw, and catkin grass, with split bamboo framing; iii) Semi-pucka: Walls: Bamboo mats, CI sheet, Timber or bamboo framing. In some areas wall are made by earth, sometimes part or full brick. Foundation: Earthen plinth; Brick perimeter wall with earth infill; Brick and concrete also use. Roof: CI sheet with timber or bamboo framing; and iv)

Pucka: House which is made by fully concrete, cement, and iron.

26

Photo 7: Housing condition in study area 3.5 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

99. Overall objective of route selection is to find the best and suitable alignment that will have

the least environmental impacts. The impacts of transmission line project are localized within

the ROW and sub-station site where clearing of vegetation will occur. While good engineering

practice and appropriate survey approach have been applied in selecting the best alignment,

residual impacts cannot be entirely avoided due to varying terrain and demography of the area

that will be traversed by the transmission line. The impacts of substation are site specific. An

EMP including an environmental monitoring plan will ensure that these residual impacts are

minimized and controlled. 3.5.1 Pre-construction and Design Phase

Selection of Transmission Line and Survey 100. Route survey through ROW may create some disturbance to localized area. Walk over

survey/transect will involve the setting up of temporary access tracks to determine the type and

number of trees and plants that may be affected, type of settlements and shops within the

ROW, and natural physical features and public utilities that may be traversed by the

transmission line. These may cause temporary disturbance and/or inconvenience to local

people within the ROW.

Land Acquisition 101. No land acquisition will be needed for the proposed sub-station and transmission line. 3.5.2 Construction Phase 102. There will be clearing of ROW, setting up of temporary access tracks, setting up of

materials storage areas along the route and work sites, transport of material and equipment to

the site, excavation for substation and tower foundation, cementing/concreting of tower

foundation, erection of the towers, and conductor stringing. The PMU-PGCB will ensure that

the Contractor's contract will include the obligation to compensate for any temporary damage,

loss or inconvenience as a result of the project during the construction phase (Sect. 19 of

Electricity Act 1910, 1982 Acquisition and Requisition of Immovable Properties, SPS 2009).

27

Preparation of construction management work plan to minimize impacts 103. Integrated construction management plan may help in smooth implementation of earth-

moving works, civil and electrical works to avoid any impact of unplanned activities by the

Contractor (s). The work plan will include the temporary pedestrian and traffic management,

water spray vehicles, materials and waste management, noise and dust control, and

community and safety plan.

Recruitment and orientation of workers 104. There will be opportunities for local people to engage in non-agricultural employment

during construction. The presence of workers may become small-scale and temporary business

opportunity to provide services such as food, temporary lodging, etc. Potential conflict may

occur during recruitment when migrant workers are favored over local people. To avoid

potential conflict, Contractor(s) will be directed to give priority to local people in hiring. 105. PMU-PGCB will conduct briefing for Contractor(s) on the EMP, records management,

and reporting. Orientation of PMU-PGCB to Contractor(s) and workers will provide an

understanding of the irresponsibility in implementing the EMP and an agreement on the critical

areas to be monitored. Part of the orientation and briefing to Contractor(s) and workers will be

on awareness about socially transmitted disease such as HIV/AIDS to prevent potential

incidence.

Clearing of vegetation and land within the ROW and substation site 106. Excavation and earth-moving will be done at the tower foundation sites for the

transmission lines including the sub-station site. Vegetation clearing will be done at the ROW.

Transmission line routes will traverse mainly agricultural land. Construction works will not be

scheduled during harvest time to minimize damage to cash crops. Trees and crops that will be

cleared and any temporary damage to affected persons within the ROW will be compensated. 107. Species of trees that are medium height with high productivity such as lemon, mango,

guava, etc. are preferred. The replanting activities will be monitored by PMU-PGCB, DOF and

local authorities. 108. To minimize impact to wildlife in the project area, schedule of work will avoid the

breeding season and destruction of nests will be prohibited. In some areas, loss of habitat due

to stringing of conductors will naturally regenerate in about 2-3 years. 109. Earth-moving for transmission line will be isolated to tower sites only. Tower foundations

involve small-scale excavations and the excavated topsoil will be used for back filling. 110. Only the exact amount of construction materials (i.e., sand, gravel, concrete, etc.) will

be brought on-site at the transmission towers so that stockpiling will be avoided and

inconvenience to local people minimized. At the substation site, adequate storage for materials

needed for construction works will be provided

Potential increase in dust level, noise and vibration 111. Contractor(s) will be required to maintain construction vehicles regularly to minimize the

contribution of vehicular emissions as per BRTA rule. Construction vehicles transporting

materials that generate dusts will be covered and dust-generating activities particularly in the

substation sites will be temporarily enclosed to contain dispersion. Spray of water during

construction period in SS site as well as tower sites will minimize dust level in the locality.

28

112. Contractor(s) shall take adequate measures to minimize noise level and nuisance in the

vicinity of transmission tower sites and sub-stations by following the traffic management plan

and construction schedule.

Land affected by the ROW and tower footings 113. A four-legged steel lattice type transmission towers will be used. The ROW for 230 kV

transmission line is 20m from the centre line. Some agricultural land will be lost permanently at

the base of the transmission towers. For the proposed line, total 40 towers will be constructed

where per footing 20mX20m = 400 sq m @40 towers = 16000 sq m total land = 3.95 acre land

will be affected. 114. Crops and plants that are less than 3m tall such as sugarcane, corn, rice, etc. will

remain along the buffer area of the ROW. Agricultural activities within the ROW will be allowed

after construction but with restrictions to height of vegetation.

Erection of towers and stringing of conductors 115. Access of tracks will be created to reach the location of the towers. The access tracks

created for bringing in the tower components will remain track sand would just be wide enough

to accommodate the machinery needed to erect the tower sand to maintain them. 116. The erection of towers as well as stringing of conductors may interfere with road

crossings which may pose safety risks to the public and construction workers. To minimize the

risks, adequate danger and clearly visible warning signs will be posted at designated sites while

scaffoldings will be placed over road crossing points. Contractor(s) will be required to instruct

drivers of construction vehicles to strictly follow road regulations. Security personnel will be

assigned to prevent accidents. 117. Site engineers will look for the location of the nearest hospital to make arrangements in

case of accidents in the worksites. First aid treatment and a charitable dispensary will be setup

within the construction sites and field offices. Workers will be provided with all PPEs i.e. hard

hats, safety shoes, and safety belts while designated staff will be provided with communication

devices. The Contractor(s) will comply with relevant safety measures required by law and best

engineering practices. 3.5.3 Operation Phase

Failure of power transmission line system Accidental failure of transmission line as well as sub-station may expose wildlife and the public

to the danger of electrocution hazards. Transmission line system is designed with a protection

system that shuts off during power over load or similar emergencies. Regular maintenance

program of TL and SS will ensure the safety and integrity of the power transmission system.

Regular trimming of vegetation or lopping of trees monitoring and maintenance will ensure the

safety and integrity of towers and transmission lines. PGCB will conduct training, information

dissemination and campaign to local people on awareness to transmission line safety practices.

Encroachment to ROW 118. Encroachment to ROW is potentially dangerous to both people and the power

transmission system. To prevent encroachment, land use practices and any other infrastructure

that will have negative impact on the power transmission system will be restricted. PGCB will

conduct informal briefing sessions, formal training, provide leaflet and signboard to residents on

29

safety of living near the transmission line during their operation and maintenance work

regularly.

Clearing of vegetation within the ROW 119. Local communities will not be allowed to plant large trees - higher than 3m within the ROW

to keep the integrity within the ROW to ensure the required vertical spacing between the

conductors and the vegetation is maintained for safety reasons. A service road for vehicles will

be established underneath the transmission line, but will be used only to maintain the towers

and the conductors. The service road will be maintained and will remain access of tracks and

other heavy loaded vehicles. 3.6 Public and Stakeholder Consultations 120. Public Consultation is mandatory for the IEE study of any development. Public

consultation is a part of the IEE process aimed at involving the project stakeholders into the

project development and implementation process. During the consultation process (Photo 8),

the proposed “transmission line” and “sub-station” project interventions and expected results as

well as impacts of the project were shared during the sessions. In the consultation process, the

stakeholders were involved in reforming/developing the project interventions considering the

local needs and aspirations in line with the problems and solutions suggested by them. The

proposed interventions, findings of the IEE and the EMP were shared with the project

stakeholders for obtaining their perceptions, views and feedbacks on the probable changes

likely to happen within the project area. 121. Primary stakeholders are people who would be directly benefited or impacted by a

certain project intervention. In case of the proposed Project, the primary stakeholders include

the people living within the Project area particularly those who reside within and in the

immediate vicinity of the project area. The primary stakeholders of the Project include the

farmers, fishermen, local business community as well as the households to be affected, women

groups, and caretakers of community properties. Primary stakeholders identified and consulted

during the present IEE include communities to be benefitted and/or affected by the Project,

local leaders, community members and other local representatives. Secondary stakeholders for

the Project include local government institutions (LGI), PGCB, and Department of Forest, other

government agencies, academia, NGOs and general public at large.

Photo 8: Consultation with local and secondary stakeholders

30

3.7 Grievance Redress Mechanism 122. PGCB will ensure that local people will have the opportunity to express their legitimate

grievance or file a complaint about the project by establishing a process to address the issues

raised. This can be achieved by careful implementation of the EMP, continuing consultation

and communication with stakeholders during implementation by the PMU, PGCB,

Contractor(s), and local government authorities. Contact details of the PMU for filing complaints

will be posted in the project areas. 123. A GRC at the union level will be set up by PGCB as soon as the project commences

and will ensure equal representation of women in the members of GRC. Figure 2 shows the

organization of the GRC.

Chair of the GRC

PD, PGCB

Secretary of the GRC

Representative of Contractor (s)

Member- Member-Female Member- Local Member-

Chairman of the Representative Teacher or Iman* Neighbor of the

Union of the PAPs PAPs as witness

* Religious representatives

Figure 2: Grievance Redress Committee

124. GRC will convene twice in a month and will keep a record of the grievances, classify,

prioritize, and provide the solution(s) within 30 days from the date of the complaint. The record

will include the contact details of the complainant, date the complaint was received and the

nature of the complaint, agreement on corrective actions and the date it was enforced, and the

final outcome. All complaint related documentation such as minutes of the meeting and

decisions will be summarized and become part of the semi-annual monitoring report submitted

to ADB. 125. The GRC will report to the complainant(s) about the developments regarding their

grievances and the decisions of the GRC. If the grievance is not addressed, the complainant

can seek legal redress of the grievance in the appropriate courts. 3.8 Environmental Management Plan

3.8.1 Mitigation

126. The environmental impacts and mitigation measures with cost estimates are presented in

Table 13. The EMP will be updated before the start of civil works, and as needed to

31

accommodate any change in the condition of the site, performance of Contractor(s), and

feedback from local people or other stakeholders.

Table 13: Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for proposed project

Project

Environmental

Description of

Mitigation

Estimated

Responsible

activities Components Potential /Enhancement Cost (BDT)* Agency/unit

likely to be Impact Measure

impacted

Pre-construction and Design Phase

Route survey Land resources Route Survey High resolution Included in PGCB planning

and community through ROW Remotely Sensed project cost and design unit

may create (RS) images have and consultant

some been used in

disturbance to deciding the route of

localized area the transmissions

line avoiding

settlements,

structures, and

ecologically

sensitive areas,

consulting with local

people

Land acquisition Community no land - - PD, PGCB

acquisition

needed

Construction Phase

Orientation for Contractors and - Workers not - Conduct briefing Included in PMU-PGCB

contractor and workers aware of for Contractor on the Project

workers environmental the EMP, records costs

requirements management, and

during reporting

construction - Agreement on

- Contractors critical areas to

not familiar be monitored

with EMP and the required

implementation mitigation

and measures

compliance - Create awareness

of sexually-

transmitted diseases

like HIV/AIDS

Prepare -Community Unplanned -Temporary Included in Contractor(s),

construction -Land resources construction pedestrian and traffic Project costs PMU-PGCB

management related impact management plan

plan to control may happen - Materials

impacts of management plan

construction - Waste

impacts management plan

- Air quality and Air quality and - Noise and dust Included in Contractor(s),

noise level may control plan, Project costs PMU-PGCB

- Water quality deteriorate community and

slightly due to safety plan

transport of -All vehicles,

materials to equipment and

the tower/ machinery to be

substation used should

sites. comply with the

relevant ECR

norms and other

rules.

- All vehicles used

on site for this

purpose should

carry currently valid

fitness certificates

issued by the

32

Project

Environmental

Description of

Mitigation

Estimated

Responsible



impacted

BRTA.

Hiring of project Community Temporary -Use local labour - Contractor(s),

staff and employment for manual work PMU-PGCB

workers may be and eligible local

created for work force for

construction of clerical and office

power jobs

transmission - Contractor(s) to

lines. strictly enforce

priority for local

hiring

Temporary labor Land Resources Land should Contractor who - Contractor(s),

shed be occupied constructs the labor PMU-PGCB

preparation and temporarily for shed shall consult

use labor shed with local people

where land

may be used

otherwise.

Quality water use Worker should Need temporary Included in Contractor(s),

be scoped to HTWs for quality Project costs PMU-PGCB

use quality water

drinking as

well as

household

chores

Community Heath, Ensure sanitation, 20 Contractor(s),

sanitation and drinking water and PMU-PGCB

PPEs proper medical

facilities with

paramedic doctor,

first aid box and

ambulance facilities

during construction

period.

- Mitigation

measures for

impact on human

health and safety

should also include

providing safety

gear and PPEs i.e.

gloves, helmets,

boots etc. to

workers.

-Contingency fund

should be created

in case of

emergency or

accidents during

construction of

transmission lines,

towers etc.

Sub-station and Land resources Might be During the 10 Contractor(s),

tower footing partially construction period, PMU-PGCB

sites impacted along the contractor

preparation, ROW, would should carefully dig

vegetation and be impacted the hole for

land clearing, fully in tower erecting the tower.

excavation and locations The excavated

earth-moving soils should be

works properly stacked

and the hole should

be refilled with the

stacked soil by

33

Project

Environmental

Estimated

Description of Mitigation Responsible



impacted

maintaining the sequence of the profile (i.e. substratum – Subsoil – Topsoil). The loosened topsoil on the surface must be compacted well so that no erosion can take place.

Agriculture Might be Adequate 10 Contractor(s), Resources partially compensation for PMU-PGCB

impacted along crop loss should be

ROW, loss of paid to the actual

crop land owners/share

production in croppers.

tower locations Ecological Cut of Plantation of local 25 Contractor(s), resources terrestrial species in the PMU-PGCB

vegetation at selected areas as

towers and SS early as possible

sites after finishing the

construction works.

Avoid tree felling if

possible,

adequate

compensation for

trees Deterioration Plantation of local 5 Contractor(s), of wildlife species at PMU-PGCB habitat quality substation sites will

recover some

habitat loss.

Avoid killing of

animals.

Labors should be

made aware about

local faunal species

Use low sound

emitting

machineries.

Avoid excess

lighting and use

shaded lights at

construction site Air quality Air quality and - All vehicles, Contractor(s),

may equipment and PMU-PGCB deteriorate machinery to be

due to used should

transport of comply with the

materials to relevant ECR

the tower/ norms and other

substation rules.

sites and - All vehicles used

construction on site for this

work purpose should

carry currently valid


issued by the

BRTA.

- Spray water in

construction sites.

Noise level During - Noise and dust Contractor(s),

34

Project

Environmental

Description of

Mitigation

Estimated

Responsible



impacted

construction control plan, PMU-PGCB

phase noise community and

level will safety plan

temporarily be - All vehicles,

affected due to equipment and

transport of machinery to be

materials to used should

the tower/ comply with the

substation relevant ECR

sites, soil norms and other

digging; rules.

concrete works - All vehicles used

at tower/ on site for this

substation purpose should

sites carry currently valid


issued by the

BRTA.

Water quality During - Strictly avoid 10 Contractor(s),

construction, cleaning/washing of PMU-PGCB

disposal of any construction

construction equipment and

debris, fuel/oil construction debris

spills will affect in any water body,

the overall prepare temporary

quality of the pond or tank

surface water

Erection of Community Interference - Danger and Included in Contractor(s),

towers, with road clearly visible Project costs PMU-PGCB

stringing of crossing warning signs will

transmission be posted at

line and designated sites

conductoring - Scaffoldings will

of transmission be placed over road

line crossing points

Safety risk for - Maintain 35 Contractor(s),

public necessary fence PMU-PGCB

or barricade (as

appropriate),

sufficient lights,

signs and danger

signals, and take

all required

precautions for

public safety

- Assign security

personnel to

prevent

accidents and

trespassing

- Require Contract

or to direct drivers

of construction

vehicles to strictly

follow road

regulations

Safety risk for - First aid box and as mentioned Contractor(s),

workers ambulance facilities above PMU-PGCB

during construction

period.

- Mitigation

measures for

impact on human

health and safety

35

Project

Environmental

Description of

Mitigation

Estimated

Responsible



impacted

should also include

providing safety

gear and PPEs i.e.

gloves, helmets,

boots etc. to

workers.

- Contingency fund

should be created

in case of

emergency or

accidents during

construction of

transmission lines,

towers etc.

Agricultural Crop could be Adequate 10 Contractor(s),

resources damaged compensation for PMU-PGCB

during crop loss should be

stringing paid to the actual

period land owners/ share

croppers.

Operation Period

Hazards due to Community and Electrocution - Automatic Included in the PGCB and/or

accidental fauna hazards might protection system O&M costs Contractor (if this

failure of occur only if that shuts off during service is

transmission someone power over load or outsourced)

lines comes too similar emergencies

close or in will be installed,

contact with -Transmission lines

the are insulated

transmission relatively higher

line cable height (or covered)

to minimize

accident to birds

and bats.

- Regular operation,

monitoring and

maintenance to

ensure safety and

integrity of towers

and power lines

- As part of

corporate social

responsibility

initiatives, training,

information

dissemination and

campaign to local

people to enhance

awareness on

transmission line

safety practices.

Encroachment Flora and Potential - Periodic Included in the PGCB and/or

to ROW community danger to both inspection and O&M costs Contractor (if this

community and maintenance of service is

power ROW outsourced)

transmission - Restrict land use

related practices and any

structures and other infrastructure

flora and fauna that will negatively

affect power

transmission

system.

Clearing of Flora, fauna and Unexpected Regular trimming to Included in the PGCB and/or

vegetation within community /unplanned maintain adequate O&M costs Contractor (if this

36

Project

Environmental

Description of

Mitigation

Estimated

Responsible



impacted

the ROW (i.e. structures and distance between service is

pruning of flora and fauna the top of tree and outsourced)

vegetation higher to the power the conductors

than 3m) line

*Bangladesh Total 125

Taka

3.8.2 Monitoring

127. Environmental monitoring during construction will be a day-to-day process to ensure that

any departure or non-compliance to the EMP are avoided or immediately addressed so that

any unforeseen impacts are quickly discovered and remedied. Regular monitoring and

maintenance of the power transmission system during operation will help ensure the integrity

and safety of the structures and components, thus, minimize safety risks to the public. Table 1

4 presents a summary of the environmental monitoring plan.

Table 14: Environmental Monitoring Plan for the Proposed Project

Responsibility

Project Parameter/ Location Frequency

(Implementation

Stages Indicators and

Supervision

Pre- Soil sampling Tower sites Once before PMU-PGCB,

construction construction Contractor

Period

Loss in crop Along the alignment Monthly District

production Commissioner’s

staff, PMU-

PGCB,

Contractor

Un-hygienic Labor sheds in sub- Monthly PMU-PGCB,

condition for station sites and Contractor and

workers including tower locations Environment

water supply and Consultant

sanitation

Construction Spraying of Along the alignment Weekly at Contractor, PMU-

Period water to and substations alignment PGCB

exposed land Every day at

and before substation

movement of sites

construction

vehicles

Solid waste Along the Every week Contractor, PMU-

management alignment and PGCB

substations

Danger and Along the alignment Once a month Contractor, PMU-

warning signs and substations PGCB

for safety of

workers and the

public

Announcement Along the alignment As needed Contractor, PMU-

to the public of and substations PGCB

works schedule

Operation Failure of Along the alignment Every month PGCB

37

Responsibility

Project Parameter/ Location Frequency

(Implementation

Stages Indicators and

Supervision

Phase transmission

towers

Trimming of Along the alignment Quarterly PGCB

vegetation or ROW

lopping of trees

Pilferage of cables Along the alignment Quarterly PGCB

3.8.3 Implementation Arrangement

128. The institutions involved include the Executing and Implementing Agency (PGCB), the

Deputy Commissioner’s (DC) Office, the Agricultural Marketing Directorate, Agricultural

Extension Department (DAE) the Department of Forestry (DoF), the Public Works Department

(PWD), donor agencies, etc. The main tasks and responsibilities of the institutions are planning,

negotiating, consulting, approving, coordinating, implementing, financing, monitoring and

evaluating the implementation work. In the case of crop compensation, representatives of DAE,

Representative of DC’s concerned, Executive Agency (EA-PGCB) staff, PWD, Forest officials

and representatives from affected communities will carry out joint verification of the inventory of

affected persons and assets acquired (crops, structures, trees and others) to finalize the list for

implementation purposes, particularly for payments to be made by the DC office. Furthermore,

PGCB will make a separate joint verification of affected properties for their relocation prior to

project implementation. 129. Responsibilities of Implementing Agencies: PGCB will assign a Superintending

Engineer as a PD at the head office for overall execution of the project. He will ensure the land

with assistance from district administrations. The PD will carry out the following major specific

tasks relating to implementation; i. Liaison with district administration; ii. Play role in planning,

management, monitoring and implementation of TL and sub-station; iii. Ensure availability of

budget for all activities; iv. Hand over land to the contractor with construction schedule in

compliance with the resettlement activity; v. Form necessary committees for implementation,

and monitor the effectiveness of entitlement packages and payment modalities; vi. Conduct

environmental management and monitoring. 130. Management and general supervision of project implementation will be done by the

PMU headed by the PD from PGCB. The overall implementation of the EMP will be carried out

under the supervision of the PD, PMU. An environmental staff (or a firm that will be retained

during implementation), who will be primarily responsible for ensuring that the EMP is properly

implemented, will be recruited for the project prior to award of the civil works contract. Aside

from this, he/she will coordinate and interact with PD, PMU on compliance to ADB

requirements, relevant government agencies and local authorities on environmental issues and

clearances, update and finalize the IEE, and will prepare environmental monitoring reports for

submission to ADB atleast twice a year during construction and annually during operation

phase. 3.8.4 EMP and Monitoring Budget

131. For implementing EMP, about BDT 273.75 lakh will be required. The major cost will be

required for EMP cost as BDT 165 lakh and monitoring cost is BDT 108.75 lakh. The

breakdown of budget for the EMP is given in Table 15.

38

Table 15: Budget for the EMP and Monitoring Plan

Item

Qty

Rate/Ref.

Total Taka

(lakh)

Mitigation Plan and contingency

3 years

Table 13

125

Enhancement plan 3 years Lump sum 20

Training of Professionals and Workers about 3 years Lump sum 20

accidental cases and safety measures

Sub total 165

Monitoring Plan From revenue budget

Consultant (for monitoring) 36 person – Tk.150,000 per 54

month month

Transport (for monitoring team) 360 days Tk.10,000 per 36

day

Reporting and others Lump sum 15

DoE Clearance cost From revenue budget

Yearly renewal cost 3 Years 125,000/per 3.75

year

Sub Total 108.75

Total Cost 273.75

3.9 Conclusion and Recommendations

Conclusion

132. The proposed power transmission line will not supply electricity directly to the people all

along the route. But the people living along the proposed transmission line expressed keen

interest for implementing the transmission line and sub-stations in their area. Their main

interest is that the overall development in the power sector would contribute to the national

development from which they along with others will be benefitted. Local people along the

transmission line alignments will be benefited as the project will generate some employment

opportunities for them during the pre-construction and construction phases. 133. High resolution Remotely Sensing (RS) images have been used in deciding the route of

the transmission line avoiding settlements and ecologically sensitive and protected areas. This

has been reconfirmed by the IEE team members who walked along the entire length of the

alignment to ground truth the signatures of the satellite images. Observations of the team

members suggest that the route finally selected passes mostly through agricultural crop fields

and not through settlement or ecologically sensitive and protected areas. 134. Some minor negative impact on ecological resources of the project will be felt during the

pre-construction and construction phases which may involve removal of vegetation and cutting

of trees for carrying construction materials to the sites and erection of towers and construction

of the transmission line. These problems could be overcome by paying compensation and

bringing back these lands almost to their original form before handing them over to the owners

after the construction is over. Crop production lost due to these activities during the pre-

construction and construction phases will have to be compensated as well. 135. The project is not likely to have any significant negative impact; therefore no major

mitigation measures will be required. The minor impact of noise and increase in traffic are

within the existing level experienced by the local people. The tower will be erected and the line

installed under expert supervision. The contractor will be under specific orders for providing

PPEs to the workers engaged for the job.

39

136. The morphological analysis of the Ganges River is very much essential for the river

crossing of the proposed transmission line. There are two existing transmission lines plying on

the both side of the Hardging Railway Bridge. So, another river crossing site will be needed for

crossing of the proposed 230 kV line. River bank erosion, accretion of char land and historical

development of the study reach will need to be investigated further. 137. No land acquisition will be required for the proposed sub-station because the proposed

sub-station is located within the PGCB’s owned sub-station area. The environmental monitoring

plan, if properly implemented during the pre-construction, construction and post-construction

and operation phases will ensure taking corrective measures.

Recommendation 138. Local people will have employment opportunities during the pre-construction and

construction phases and operation phase. So, the contractor should be specifically instructed to

employ local laborers as much as possible. 139. Minor negative impacts like clearing of vegetation and cutting of trees at the pre-

construction and construction phases should be taken care of by taking proper mitigation

measures. Efforts should be made to avoid cutting of trees as much as possible. Some trees

might be unavoidable of cutting. In such cases, equal amount of or more trees should be

replanted in surrounding areas for conservation of biodiversity. In this case, homesteads

gardening will be emphasized with fruit and rapid growing timber trees in surrounding areas.

Selection of the season for carrying out the work should be made by adjusting with the cropping

season so as to inflict minimum damage to field crops. In both cases, proper compensation for

all types of damages must be paid and the land should be brought back to its original form to

the maximum extent before they are handed back to the owners. 140. The construction labour camps should be provided with water supply and sanitation

facilities. The workers should be apprised of hygienic practices. The transportation of heavy

equipment should be done by river craft where wheeling is not feasible. The stores and

equipment yards should be properly guarded so that all equipment remains safe. The back to

back sub-station should be fully equipped with fire-fighting equipments, first aid and ambulance

service provisions. 141. A morphological study and analysis of the proposed river crossing area of the Ganges

River is recommended strongly using historical maps, time-series satellite images and relevant

hydro-morphological data. Advanced remote sensing and GIS tools and techniques will be

used for this analysis. The decade scale river planform may be analyzed followed by century

scale analysis in the subsequent sections. Detail study needs to consider relation between

upstream and downstream morphology of river at river crossing section. The incidence analysis

of the Ganges River in the study reach and riverbed level data may be checked to estimate the

design scour level during designing the pier depth in the river. Then project implementer can

take decision properly for the river crossing of the proposed transmission line in proper place

on the basis of morphological report. 142. For implementing of the EMP i.e. compensation, mitigation, contingency and

enhancement measures, total amount of TK. 165 lakh is estimated during this IEE study.

Including the monitoring cost, the total budget of the EMP and Environmental Monitoring Plan

will be Tk. 273.75 lakh approximately. Finally, on proper examination it is observed that the

project has been proposed to be implemented safely and in an environment friendly manner.

So it is recommended that the project may be cleared to further steps.

40

Appendix 1

Environment Conservation Rules 1997

Department of Environment

Classification of industrial units or projects based on

its location and impact on environment

Schedule 1 - Environment Conservation Rules 1997

[See Rule 7(2)] (A) GREEN CATEGORY

1. Assembling and manufacturing of TV, Radio, etc. 2. Assembling and manufacturing of clocks and watches. 3. Assembling of telephones. 4. Assembling and manufacturing of toys (plastic made items excluded). 5. Book-binding. 6. Rope and mats (made of cotton, jute and artificial fibers). 7. Photography (movie and x-ray excluded). 8. Production of artificial leather goods. 9. Assembling of motorcycles, bicycles and toy cycles. 10. Assembling of scientific and mathematical instruments (excluding manufacturing). 11. Musical instruments. 12. Sports goods (excluding plastic made items). 13. Tea packaging (excluding processing). 14. Re-packing of milk powder (excluding production). 15. Bamboo and cane goods. 16. Artificial flower (excluding plastic made items). 17. Pen and ball-pen. 18. Gold ornaments (excluding production) (shops only). 19. Candle. 20. Medical and surgical instrument (excluding production). 21. Factory for production of cork items (excluding metallic items). 22. Laundry (excluding washing).

Foot Notes:

(a) Units of all kinds of cottage industries other than those listed in this Schedule shall

remain outside the purview of Environmental Clearance Certificate (Unit of cottage

industry means all industrial units producing goods or services in which by full-time or

part-time labour of family members are engaged and the capital investment of which

does not exceed Taka 5 (five) hundred thousand). (b) No industrial unit listed in this Schedule shall be located in any residential area. (c) Industrial units shall preferably be located in areas declared as industrial zones or in

areas where there is concentration of industries or in vacant areas. (d) Industrial units likely to produce sound, smoke, odor beyond permissible limit shall

not be acceptable in commercial areas. (B) ORANGE-A CATEGORY

1. Dairy Farm, 10 (ten) cattle heads or below in urban areas and 25 cattle

heads or below in rural areas.

41

2. Poultry (up to 250 in urban areas and up to 1000 in rural areas). 3. Grinding/husking of wheat, rice, turmeric, pepper, pulses (up to 20 Horse Power). 4. Weaving and handloom. 5. Production of shoes and leather goods (capital up to 5 hundred thousand Taka). 6. Saw mill/wood sawing. 7. Furniture of wood/iron, aluminum, etc.,(capital up to 5 hundred thousand Taka). 8. Printing Press. 9. Plastic & rubber goods (excluding PVC). 10. Restaurant. 11. Cartoon/box manufacturing/printing packaging. 12. Cinema Hall. 13. Dry-cleaning. 14. Production of artificial leather goods (capital up to 5 hundred thousand Taka). 15. Sports goods. 16. Production of salt (capital up to 10 hundred thousand Taka). 17. Agricultural machinery and equipment. 18. Industrial machinery and equipment. 19. Production of gold ornaments. 20. Pin, U Pin. 21. Frames of spectacles. 22. Comb. 23. Production of utensils and souvenirs of brass and bronze. 24. Factory for production of biscuit and bread (capital up to 5 hundred thousand Taka). 25. Factory for production of chocolate and lozenge. (capital up to 5 hundred

thousand Taka). 26. Manufacturing of wooden water vessels.

(C) ORANGE-B CATEGORY

1. PVC items. 2. Artificial fiber (raw material). 3. Glass factory. 4. Life saving drug (applicable to formulation only). 5. Edible oil. 6. Tar. 7. Jute mill. 8. Hotel, multi-storied commercial & apartment building. 9. Casting. 10. Aluminum products. 11. Glue (excluding animal glue). 12. Bricks/tiles. 13. Lime. 14. Plastic products. 15. Processing and bottling of drinking water and carbonated drinks. 16. Galvanizing. 17. Perfumes, cosmetics. 18. Flour (large) . 19. Carbon rod. 20. Stone grinding, cutting, polishing. 21. Processing fish, meat, food. 22. Printing and writing ink. 23. Animal feed. 24. Ice-cream. 25. Clinic and pathological lab.

42

26. Utensils made of clay and china clay/sanitary wares (ceramics). 27. Processing of prawns & shrimps. 28. Water purification plant. 29. Metal utensils/spoons etc. 30. Sodium silicate. 31. Matches. 32. Starch and glucose. 33. Animal feed. 34. Automatic rice mill. 35. Assembling of motor vehicles. 36. Manufacturing of wooden vessel. 37. Photography (activities related to production of films for movie and x-ray). 38. Tea processing. 39. Production of powder milk/condensed milk/dairy. 40. Re-rolling. 41. Wood treatment. 42. Soap. 43. Repairing of refrigerators. 44. Repairing of metal vessel. 45. Engineering works (up to 10 hundred thousand Taka capital.) 46. Spinning mill. 47. Electric cable. 48. Cold storage. 49. Tire re-treading. 50. Motor vehicles repairing works (up to 10 hundred thousand Taka capital). 51. Cattle farm: above 10 (ten) numbers in urban area, and above 25

(twenty five) numbers in rural area.

52. Poultry: Number of birds above 250 (two hundred fifty) in urban area and above

1000 (one thousand) in rural area.

53. Grinding/husking wheat, rice, turmeric, chilly, pulses – machine above 20Horse Power. 54. Production of shoes and leather goods, above 5 (five) hundred thousand Taka capital. 55. Furniture of wood/iron, aluminum, etc., above 5 (five) hundred thousand Taka capital. 56. Production of artificial leather goods, above 5 (five) hundred thousand Taka capital. 57. Salt production, above 10 (ten) hundred thousand Taka capital. 58. Biscuit and bread factory, above 5 (five) hundred thousand Taka capital. 59. Factory for production of chocolate and lozenge, above 5 (five)

hundred thousand Taka capital.

60. Garments and sweater production. 61. Fabric washing. 62. Power loom. 63. Construction, re-construction and extension of road (feeder road, local road). 64. Construction, re-construction and extension of bridge (length below 100 meters). 65. Public toilet. 66. Ship-breaking. 67. G.I. Wire. 68. Assembling batteries. 69. Dairy and food

Foot Notes:

(a) No industrial unit included in this list shall be located in any residential area. (b) Industrial units shall preferably be located in areas declared as industrial zones or

in areas where there is concentration of industries or in vacant areas. (c) Industrial units likely to produce sound, smoke, odor beyond permissible limit

shall not be acceptable in commercial areas.

43

(D) RED CATEGORY

1. Tannery 2. Formaldehyde 3. Urea fertilizer 4. T.S.P. Fertilizer 5. Chemical dyes, polish, varnish, enamel 6. Power plant 7. All mining projects (coal, limestone, hard rock, natural gas, mineral oil, etc.) 8. Cement 9. Fuel oil refinery 10. Artificial rubber 11. Paper and pulp 12. Sugar 13. Distillery 14. Fabric dying and chemical processing 15. Caustic soda, potash 16. Other alkalis 17. Production of iron and steel 18. Raw materials of medicines and basic drugs 19. Electroplating 20. Photo films, photo papers and photo chemicals 21. Various products made from petroleum and coal 22. Explosives 23. Acids and their salts (organic or inorganic) 24. Nitrogen compounds (Cyanide, Cyanamid, etc.) 25. Production of plastic raw materials (PVC, PP/Iron, Polyesterin etc.) 26. Asbestos 27. Fiberglass 28. Pesticides, fungicides and herbicides 29. Phosphorus and its compounds/derivatives 30. Chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine and their compounds/derivatives 31. Industry (excluding nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide) 32. Waste incinerator 33. Other chemicals 34. Ordnance 35. Nuclear power 36. Wine 37. Non-metallic chemicals not listed elsewhere 38. Non-metals not listed elsewhere 39. Industrial estate 40. Basic industrial chemicals 41. Non-iron basic metals 42. Detergent 43. Land-filling by industrial, household and commercial wastes 44. Sewage treatment plant 45. Life saving drugs 46. Animal glue 47. Rodenticide 48. Refractories 49. Industrial gas (Oxygen, Nitrogen & Carbon-dioxide) 50. Battery 51. Hospital 52. Ship manufacturing 53. Tobacco (processing/cigarette/Biri-making) 54. Metallic boat manufacturing 55. Wooden boat manufacturing 56. Refrigerator/air -conditioner/air-cooler manufacturing 57. Tyre and tube

44

58. Board mills 59. Carpets 60. Engineering works: capital above 10 (ten) hundred thousand Taka. 61. Repairing of motor vehicles: capital above 10 (ten) hundred thousand Taka 62. Water treatment plant 63. Sewerage pipe line laying/relaying/extension 64. Water, power and gas distribution line laying/relaying/extension 65. Exploration/extraction/distribution of mineral resources 66. Construction/reconstruction/expansion of flood control embankment, polder, dike, etc. 67. Construction/reconstruction/expansion of road (regional, national & international) 68. Construction/reconstruction/expansion of bridge (length 100 meter and above) 69. Murate of Potash (manufacturing)

Foot Notes:

(a) No industrial unit included in this list shall be allowed to be located in any residential area.

(b) Industrial units shall preferably be located in areas declared as industrial zones or in

areas where there is concentration of industries or in vacant areas. (c) Industrial units likely to produce sound, smoke, odor beyond permissible limit shall not

be acceptable in commercial areas. (d) After obtaining location clearance on the basis of Initial Environment Examination

(IEE) Report, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report in accordance with

the approved terms of reference along with design of ETP and its time schedule shall

be submitted within approved time limit.

45

Appendix 2

Environment Conservation Rules 1997

Relevant Environmental Standards from Environmental Conservation Rules 1997

Schedule 2

Standards for Air

[See Rule 12]

Density in microgram per cusec meter

Sl. Categories of Suspended

Sulphur Carbon Oxides of

Particulate Matter

No. Area dioxide Monoxide Nitrogen

(SPM)

a. Industrial and 500 120 5000 100

mixed

b. Commercial 400 100 5000 100

and mixed

c. Residential 200 80 2000 80

and rural

d. Sensitive 100 30 1000 30

Notes:

(1) At national level, sensitive area includes monuments, health center, hospital, archeological site, educational institution, and government designated areas (if any).

(2) Industrial units located in areas not designated as industrial areas shall not discharge pollutants which may contribute to exceeding the standard for air surrounding the areas specified at Sl. nos. c and d above.

(3) Suspended Particulate Matter means airborne particles of a diameter of 10 micron or less.

Schedule 3

Standards for Water

[See Rule 12]

(A) ) Standards for inland surface water Parameter

Best Practice Total

BOD DO Coliform

based classification pH

mg/L mg/L number/10

0

a. Source of drinking water for 6.5-8.5 2 or less 6 or above 50 or less

supply only after disinfecting:

b. Water usable for 6.5-8.5 3 or less 5 of more 200 or less

recreational activity :

c. Source of drinking water for 6.5-8.5 6 or less 6 of more 5000 or less

supply after conventional

treatment :

d. Water usable by fisheries: 6.5-8.5 6 or less 5 of more ---

e. Water usable by various 6.5-8.5 10 or less 5 of more 5000 or less

process and cooling

industries :

f. Water usable for irrigation: 6.5-8.5 10 or less 5 of more 1000 or less

Notes:

1. In water used for pisiculture, maximum limit of presence of ammonia as Nitrogen is 1.2 mg/l.

2. Electrical conductivity for irrigation water – 2250 µmhoms /cm (at a temperature of

25°C); Sodium less than 26%; boron less than 0.2%.

46

(B) Standards for drinking water

SI. No. Parameter Unit Standard 1 Aluminum mg/L 0.2 2 Ammonia (NH3) “ 0.5 3 Arsenic “ 0.05 4 Barium “ 0.01 5 Benzene “ 0.01 6 BOD5 20°C “ 2.0 7 Boron “ 1.0 8 Cadmium “ 0.005 9 Calcium “ 75

10 Chloride “ 150-600* 11 Chlorinated alkanes “ 0.01

Carbontetrachloride

1.1 dichloroethylene “ 0.001 1.2 dichloroethylene “ 0.03 1.2 dichloroethylene “ 0.03 trichloroethylene “ 0.09

12 Chlorinated phenols “

- pentachlorophenol “ 0.03 - 2.4.6 trichlorophenol “ 0.03

13 Chlorine (residual) “ 0.2 14 Chloroform “ 0.09 15 Chromium (hexavalent) “ 0.05 16 Chromium (total) “ 0.05 17 COD “ 4.0 18 Coliform (fecal) n/100 ml 0 19 Coliform (total) n/100 ml 0 20 Color Hazen unit 15 21 Copper mg/L 1 22 Cyanide “ 0.1 23 Detergents “ 0.2 24 DO “ 6 25 Fluoride “ 1 26 Hardness (as CaCO3) “ 200 – 500 27 Iron “ 0.3 – 1.0 28 Kjeldhl Nitrogen (total) “ 1 29 Lead “ 0.05 30 Magnesium “ 30 – 35 31 Manganese “ 0.1 32 Mercury “ 0.001 33 Nickel “ 0.01 34 Nitrate “ 10 35 Nitrite “ <1 36 Odor “ Odorless 37 Oil and grease “ 0.01 38 pH --- 6.5 – 8.5 39 Phenolic compounds mg/L 0.002 40 Phosphate “ 6 41 Phosphorus “ 0 42 Potassium “ 12 43 Radioactive materials Bq/l 0.01

(gross alpha activity) 44 Radioactive materials Bq/l 0.1

(gross beta activity)

45 Selenium mg/L 0.01 46 Silver “ 0.02 47 Sodium “ 200 48 Suspended particulate matters “ 10 49 Sufide “ 0 50 Sulfate “ 400 51 Total dissolved solids “ 1000 52 Temperature “ 20-30 53 Tin “ 2 54 Turbidity JTU 10 55 Zinc mg/L 5

47

Schedule 4 Standards for Sound

[See Rule 12]

Sl No Category of areas Standards determined at dBa unit

Day Night

a. Silent zone 45 35

b. Residential area 50 40

c. Mixed area 60 50

(mainly residential area, and also

simultaneously used for commercial

and industrial purposes)

d. Commercial area 70 60

e. Industrial area 75 70

Notes : 1. The time from 6 a.m. to 9 p.m. is counted as daytime. 2. The

time from 9 p.m. to 6 a.m. is counted as night time. 3. Area up to a radius of 100 meters around hospitals or educational institutions or special

institutions/ establishments identified/to be identified by the Government is designated

as Silent Zones where use of horns of vehicles or other audio signals, and

loudspeakers are prohibited.

Schedule 5

Standards for Sound originating from Motor Vehicles or Mechanized

Vessels [ See Rule 12]

Category of Vehicles Unit Standards Remarks *Motor Vehicles (all types) dBa 85 As measured at a distance of 7.5

meters from exhaust pipe. 100 As measured at a distance of 0.5 meter from exhaust pipe.

Mechanized Vessels dBa 85 As measured at a distance of7.5 meters from the vessel which is not in motion, not loaded and is at two thirds of its maximum rotating speed. 100 As measured at a distance of0.5 meter from the vessel which is in the same condition as above.

* At the time of taking measurement, the motor vehicle shall not be in motion and its engine

conditions shall be as follows:-

(a) Diesel engine – maximum rotating speed. (b) Gasoline engine –at two thirds of its maximum rotating speed and without any load. (c) Motorcycle – If maximum rotating speed is above 5000 rpm; two thirds of the

speed, and if maximum rotating speed is less than 5000 rpm, three-fourth of the

speed.

48

Schedule 6

Standards for Emission from Motor Vehicles

[ See Rule 12 ] Parameter Unit Standard Limit

Black Smoke Hartridge Smoke Unit(HSU) 65 Carbon Monoxide gm/km 24

percent area 04 Hydrocarbon gm/km 02

ppm 180 Oxides of Nitrogen gm/km 02

ppm 600

* As measured at two thirds of maximum rotating speed.

Schedule 10

Standards for Waste From Industrial Units or Projects

Waste [See Rule 13] Discharge To

Public

Sl. Parameters Unit Inland Sewerage Irrigated

No. Surfac system Land

e Water connected to

treatment at

1 Ammonical mg/L 50 75 75

nitrogen (as

2 Ammonia (as free ammonia) mg/L 5 5 15

3 Arsenic (as As) mg/L 0.2 0.05 0.2

4 BOD5 at 20oC mg/L 50 250 100

5 Boron mg/L 2 2 2

6 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/L 0.5 0.05 0.05

7 Chloride mg/L 600 600 600

8 Chromium (as total Cr) mg/L 0.5 1.0 1.0

9 COD mg/L 200 400 400

10 Chromium (as hexavalent mg/L 0.1 1.0 1.0

11 Copper (as Cu) mg/L 0.5 3.0 3.0

12 Dissolved oxygen (DO) mg/L 4.5-8 4.5-8 4.5-8

13 Electro-conductivity (EC) micromho/cm 1200 1200 1200

14 Total dissolved solids mg/L 2100 2100 2100

15 Flouride (as F) mg/L 2 15 10

16 Sulfide (as S) mg/L 1 2 2

17 Iron (as Fe) mg/L 2 2 2

18 Total kjeldahl nitrogen (as N) mg/L 100 100 100

19 Lead (as Pb) mg/L 0.1 1 0.1

20 Manganese (as Mn) mg/L 5 5 5

21 Mercury (as Hg) mg/L 0.01 0.01 0.01

22 Nickel (as Ni) mg/L 1.0 2.0 1.0

23 Nitrate (as elementary N) mg/L 10.0 Not yet set 10

24 Oil and grease mg/L 10 20 10

25 Phenolic mg/L 1.0 5 1.0

compounds (as

26 Dissolved phosphorus (as P) mg/L 8 8 15

27 Radioactive substance (to be specified by Bangladesh Atomic Energy

28 pH ---- 6-9 6-9 6-9

29 Selenium (as Se) mg/L 0.05 0.05 0.05

30 Zinc (as Zn) mg/L 5 10 10

31 Temperature oC 40 40 40

(summer) 45 45 45

32 Suspended solids (SS) mg/L 150 500 200

33 Cyanide (as Cn) mg/L 0.1 2.0 0.2

49

Notes:

(1) These standards shall be applicable to all industries or projects other than those specified under the heading “Standards for sector wise industrial effluent or emission.”

(2) Compliance with these standards shall be ensured from the moment an industrial unit starts trial production, and in other cases, from the moment a project starts operation.

(3) These standards shall be inviolable even in case of any sample collected instantly at any point of time. These standards may be enforced in a more stringent manner if considered necessary in view of the environmental conditions of a particular situation.

(4) Inland Surface Water means drains/ponds/tanks/water bodies/ ditches, canals, rivers, springs and estuaries.

(5) Public sewerage system means treatment facilities of the first and second stage and also the combined and complete treatment facilities.

(6) Irrigable land means such land area which is sufficiently irrigated by waste water taking into consideration the quantity and quality of such water for cultivation of selected crops on that land.

(7) Inland Surface Water Standards shall apply to any discharge to a public sewerage

system or to land if the discharge does not meet the requirements of the definitions in

notes 5 and 6 above. Schedule 11

Standards for Gaseous Emission from Industries or Projects

[See Rule 13]

Sl. No. Parameters Standard present in a unit

of mg/Nm3

1. Particulate

(a) Power plant with capacity of 200Megawatt or above. 150

(b) Power plant with capacity less than 200Megawatt. 350

2. Chlorine 150

3. Hydrochloric acid vapor and mist 350

4. Total Fluoride F 25

5. Sulfuric acid mist 50

6. Lead particulate 10

7. Mercury particulate 0.2

8. Sulfur dioxide kg/ton acid

(a) Sulfuric acid production (DCDA*process) 4

(b) Sulfuric acid production (SCSA*process) 20

(*DCDA: Double Conversion, Double

Absorption; SCSA: Single Conversion, Single

Absorption.)

Lowest height of stack for dispersion of sulfuric acid (in meter)

(a) Coal based power plant

(1) 500 Megawatt or above 275

(2) 200 to 500 Megawatt 220

(3) Less than 200 Megawatt 14(Q)0.3

(b) Boiler

(1) Steam per hour up to 15 tons 11

(2) Steam per hour more that 15 ton 14(Q)0.3

[Q = Emission of Sulfur dioxide (kg/hour)].

9. Oxides of Nitrogen

(a) Nitric acid production 3 kg/ton acid

(b) Gas Fuel based Power Plant

(1) 500 Megawatt or above 50ppm

(2) 200 to 500 Megawatt 40ppm

(3) Below 200 Megawatt 30ppm

(c) Metallurgical oven 200ppm

10. Kiln soot and dust mg/Nm3

(a) Blast Furnace 500

(b) Brick Kiln 1000

(c) Coke oven 500

(d) Lime Kiln 250

50

Appendix 3

Name of Participants

Table 16: Name of Participants

SI.

Name

Age

Occupation

Village

Mobile No.

1 Q.M Shafiqul Islam - Superdent Enginear - -

and project director,

HVDC 2nd

Block Project

2 Mohammad Rezaul - SAE, HVDC 2nd

Block - -

Hossain Project

3 Md. Shafiqul islam 42 Agriculture Hotatpara 01781126389

4 Md. Boton Ali 34 Agriculture Hotatpara 01762597917

5 Md. Liton Pramanik 30 Agriculture Hotatpara 01760175158

6 Md. Bdur Rashed 35 Agriculture Hotatpara 01742558202

7 Md. Sajedul Pramanik 28 Agriculture Hotatpara -

8 Thando mia 25 Business Hotatpara -

9 Md. Fozlu 47 Fisherman Hotatpara -

10 Md. Shahidur rahman 41 Student Hotatpara -

11 Porimal Ronju 49 Business Hotatpara -

12 Md. Abu Bokkar 25 Non-Agriculture labour Char -

Sarder Mirkamari

13 Md. Abu Taher Sarder 38 Non-Agriculture labour Char -

Mirkamari

14 Md. Abu Taher 36 Non-Agriculture labour Char -

Mirkamari

15 Md. Sahdat Sarder 41 Non-Agriculture labour Char -

Mirkamari

16 Md. Sohagh Pramanik 36 Non-Agriculture labour Char 01782203225

Mirkamari

17 Md. Fahad hossain 45 Business Char -

Mirkamari

18 Md. Abul Hossain 34 Business Char -

Faraji Mirkamari

19 Md. Mesbahuddin 55 Business Char -

Talukdar Mirkamari

20 Farid Ahamed 52 Fisherman Char -

Mirkamari

21 Main uddin 32 Fisherman Char -

Mirkamari

22 Md. Khalilur rahman 32 Business Char -

Mokarimpur

23 Sardar Abdul Motin 15 Business Char -

Mokarimpur

24 SM. Nurul Islam 25 Fisherman Char -

Mokarimpur

25 Sree Jibon Halder 47 Fisherman Char -

Mokarimpur

51

Appendix 4

Layout Plans Layout Plan: Bheramara SS

52

Layout Plan: Ishwardi SS

53

44192-016: Draft Initial Environmental Examination · IDB Islamic Development Bank IEC Important...

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