4 Sust.devt New

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Destructive development

For several decades theenvironment has been experiencingstress due to human tampering with

the world‟s interdependent web of life weaved with air, land and water

environmental damages lead todeforestation, species loss, climatechanges and so on



Obsession of growth

Obsession of growth hasbecome the opium of the

people



Man’s reckless pursuit of modern lifestyle

Man’s reckless pursuit of modern lifestyleAccelerated economic growthHost of economic problems

Its effects on every sphere of life



Environmental Management

Is not the management of theenvironment

Is the management of thehumankind‟s interaction with andthe impact on the environment

Is not the conservation of theenvironment for environmentalsake

But the conservation of theenvironment for humankind‟s sake



Environmental Management

The core of environmental management isthe sustainable development

Environmental management involves the

management of all components of bio-physical environment, both living (Biotic)and non living (abiotic)

It is the study of the relationship of humanenvironment such as social, cultural andeconomic environment with the biophysical environment



Man and Environment

Study of environment is a multi dimensionalactivityMan and environment are two words that haveinvaded all spheres known to recorded historyUltimately focus attention on nature and itscompnents – land water or diversity of living

formsNature – its design and purpose are bestunderstood by human beingsMan‟s attempts to conquer natural processeshave boomerangedIt caused irreversible and irreparable damage

to natureMan has been at the receiving end wheneverand wherever he tried to dictate terms whiledealing with nature



Man and his living

Over the years man has achieved unbelievableprogress with his intellectMany land mark discoveries have contributedtowards better living in many waysSome of the activities undertaken to improve thequality of life have back fired

Mainly due to lack of foresight and inability toforesee long term effectsEnvironmental pollution, acid rain, ozone depletion,open house effects, cancer and other health hazardsare few of such hazardsPopulation explosion, compelling industrializationhas caused degradation of the earthLife on planet earth is at great risk. Earth ceases tobe a planet of living systems



Modern growth-

Modern growth- competitiveconsumption- standard of living of

the growing population



Depletion of resources

The impact of growth on thestocks of planet's resources

Depletion of resources –

degradation of environment



Darker side ofEconomic Growth

Attaining economic development by anymeans

Paradigm shifts of economicdevelopment

Darker side of economic growth



Natural Resources

The role of natural resourcesand environmental factors in

development



Mass Production

Perpetual growth and finite system

Mass production creating crisis tomasses



Pollution and others

Pollution, depletion of resources, conflicts in sharing

resources



Effects of Development

Effects of development on environmentEnvironmental impact of developmental

projectWorry of the adverse effects of

industrial development



Aggressive

Advertisement

Excessive

demandConspicuous

consumption

Mass

Production

Excessive

ProfitDanger to

environment

Vicious influence of industrialization



Materialistic

mindset

Mechanization

Of productionMechanism of

advertisement

Multiplication

of wants

Mindless

destruction of

Natural resources

Natural, ecological

Environmental

disturbances

Vicious influence of industrialization



Population Growth

Do you believe that the populationgrowth should very well be in harmonywith the changing productive potential

of the eco system



Economic Growth

Do you believe that economicgrowth and development take

place at the cost of the nationaleco system



Exploitation of naturalresources

Does economic growth implythe exploitation of natural

resources?



Threat to the Ecology

Is the rising population inIndia posing great threat to

the ecology and environment?



Challenge to Envtal. Quality

Is poverty a major challengetowards achieving

environmental quality?



Effect on Envtal. Resources

Do you agree that economicactivities have a direct bearing on

the natural and environmentalresources?



Eco-friendly models

New gained attention of experts

The concept of eco friendlymodels of development



Sustainable Development the concept of sustainable development isby no means new. Indian literature of Vedictimes has a number of reference in respect of sustainable use of water, land and livingresources

sustainable development is developmentthat meets the needs of the present, withoutcompromising the ability of future generations

to meet their own needsReport of world Commission on environment and Development (WCED) “Our common Future”



Sustainable Development

the history of sustainability in

reality is the history of environment



Sustainable DevelopmentSustainable development which directs man to livein harmony with nature reduces the distancebetween man and Nature

Development which aims at the efficient use of human and natural resources.

Human development is a pre condition to natural

development



Sustainable development

Environmentally sound process of economicdevelopment

A new development paradigmPractical guide to the humanityBrings together man nature and development

for a better futureA Futuristic PhilosophyThe master concept of 21st centuryThe main item in the agenda of world summitsA healthy model for the progressDevelopment without destruction

Alternative pattern of developmentDevelopment through sustainable methods



Envtal.Aspects

Incorporation of environmentalaspects in development of policy

matters



Sustainable Devt.

The concept of sustainabledevelopment inindustrialisation



Accessability

Accessibility and attainability

Equitability and sustainability



Principles of Stewardship

The concept of sustainabledevelopment is based on the

principle of stewardship



Responsible Use

Responsible use of human and naturalresources

Achieving a balance between economicgrowth and environmental quality



Respect for Environment

Economic growth-better andhealthier lives-respect for

environment



Future Generation

In meeting current needs oneshould not forget the future

generation



Future Well being

Future well being of the peopleshould not be prejudiced norsacrificed for short term gain



No Denial

The development should not denyfuture generations the best of

today's environmental pleasuresand plentitudes



The Balance

The process of growth anddevelopment should not disturbthe balance in the eco system



Complementary & competitive

Environment and economic growth areboth complementary and competitiveComplementary for the developingcountries, and competitive for the

developed countries



No Confrontation

Confrontation between theeconomists and

environmentalist be avoided



A Trade off

A trade off between the objective of environmental protection and economicgrowth is attained through the concept

of sustainable development



Ecological Imperatives

Do you think that under the pressure of developmental requirements and

removal of poverty we lost sight of environmental and ecological

imperatives?



The Agenda

Do you believe that environmentalplanning was on the agenda of the

planners of our nation?



Integral Part

Do you agree that the issue of environmental sustainability anintegral part of Indian planning

and policy making?



Public Private Interface

Would you suggest partnership of public and private sector

cooperation in environmentalprotection?



Capabilities of ScientificCommunities

How do you utilize the capabilitiesof our scientific communities tolead our people to a cleaner and

greener century?



Survival or Quality of Life

In Indian context environmentalmanagement is a matter of survivalwhereas in developed nation it is a

matter of quality of life?



Nature’s Principle

Environmental managementmust follow nature’s principle;

first create and then grow



Efficient Envtal. Management

Efficient environmentalmanagement is an absolute

necessity to avoid the over useand abuse of natural resources



The Economic Mind

Do you believe that thinkingeconomically about environment

is essential to meeting the goal of sustainable development?



The Health of the Planet

The health of the planet is the health of the people. Produced wealth doesn’tmean the creation of health either of

the people or of the planet. comment?



Gross National Happiness

Gross National Product (GNP) should beattained through Gross Natural products(GNP). Then only we are able to attain

Gross National Happiness (GNH)



Two Centuries

20th century is the century of economics and 21st century the

century of environment. Discuss?



Natural Resources and theQuality of Envt.

Economic progress depends up onthe stock of natural resources as

well as the quality of environment. Discuss



Economic Growth andProtection of Envt.

Environment and development areinterrelated and that promotion of economic growth and protection of environment should go together



For the Entire Planet

Real development is not just theprogress in few places for few

years but for the entire planet into the distant future



Healthy model for the progressEco-economic management of resourcesOptimum use and satisfactionRestoration of degraded resourcesMaintenance of production resourcesEnlargement of resource base

Wise use of renewable resourcesAn all-round human developmentIntegrated and holistic developmentOpportunity to satisfy the aspirations of allNon-exploitation of others and non violenceEquitable opportunities for allEqual access to natural resourcesEfficient use of energy and other natural resourcesConserving and enhancing resources

Initiatives to sustainability



Unity of Economics andEcology

Sustainable development requires theunification of economics and ecology in

order to promote development andprotect environment



Affluence and Effluents

The demand for environmental qualityhas registered a sharp increase due tothe affluence while the supply of clean

air, water and other environmentalservices have declined due to effluents



Why ?

Why our production process slows downand our consumption rate scales sky high?

Why our production process fails to pacewith population growth?



The Four Aspects

Competitive consumptionContributive consumptionConstructive consumption

Creative consumption

Essential requirements for attaining



Essential requirements for attainingsustainable development

:

:Political system

Economic system

Social System

Production system

Technological system

International system

Administrative system

Spiritual system

peoples participation in

decision making

Self reliant and sustainable

Equity, access, free fromconflicts – harmony

Respect for ecologicalconsideration

Innovative, problem-solving

sustainable pattern of tradeand finance

flexible, capacity for self correction

Values and ethics



Tri-dimensional sustainability

Social dimensionHealth

Safety

Quality of life

Protection of

disabled

Environmental dimension

Protection of environment

Waste management

Renewable resources

Economic dimension

Production

Creation of wealth

Efficiency

Waste management

Value addition



Dimensions of Sustainable Development

HUMAN BEINGS

NATURE

CULTURE

SOCIETY POLITY

ECONOMY

SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT

POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

ECOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT



Economic dimension ofSustainable Development

Economics is the system of deciding how to

allocate limited resources for meeting the

needs and wants of a Society

The major activity of economics is to sell,buy or barter goods or services, or both, at

local regional, national or international Level

The ability of a country to buy most of what

most people desire Is an indication of its

economic growth




The sustainable economic growth of a countrydepends not only on the economic goals but

also on the social and environmental goals,

policies and strategies




Economic issues are closely linked to environmental

concerns for example over exploitation of renewableresources would undercut a country’s economy

Concerns and issues related to the environment are

inextricably linked to economic issues such as poverty




Poverty has been shown to drive people to indulge in

destructive activities like felling of trees for fuel, enhancing

agricultural Lands, over exploitation of water resources etc

In order to maintain environmental quality and ecological

balance, concerned agencies should develop policies thatlink the environmental sector with both economic growth

and social needs



Linkage among

social, economic and environmental indicators

Health

crime

Air quality

Education

Culture

Economic

development

Natural

resources




The ability of a country to buy most of what most

people Desire is an indication of its economic growth

The sustainable economic growth of a country

depends not only on the economic goals but also on thesocial and environmental goals, policies and strategies




Economics is the system of deciding how to allocatelimited resources that will be used to meet the needs

and wants of a Society

The major activity of economics is to sell, buy or

barter goods or services, or both, at local regional,national or international Level



Assessing Performance ofsustainable Development

ECONOMIC

OBJEVTIVE

Growth, shareholder’s value, Efficiency,

Innovation, sustainable growth

SOCIAL

OBJECTIVE

Empowerment and equity, social mobility

Social cohesion, cultural identity

ENVIRONMENTAL

OBJECTIVE

Ecosystem integrity, climate integrity,

Carrying capacity



Proper allocation of natural resources for meeting theneeds and wants of the entire society

Equitable distribution and effective exchange of commodities

Economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development

No more over exploitation of renewable resources

Environmental issues (Pollution) economic issues(Poverty), climate change and consumption

Poverty-felling of trees for fuels, converting forestlands into farms, exploitation of water resources

Summing Up



Directs man to live in harmony with nature

Reduces the distance between man and nature

Efficient use of human and natural resources

Human development as a pre-condition

Improvement in health and safetyImproved quality of life

Protection of the sick and disabled

Continuous production, creative consumption

Creation of wealth higher than consumption

Summing Up



Efficient utilization of resources

Effective waste management

Value addition

Protection of environmentNo human tampering with nature

No exploitation and violence to none

Less environmental damages

Checked deforestation, protection of wild life

Conservation of bio diversity

Summing Up



S



Sustainable Industrialization

A management paradigm

Integration of environmental consideration at everystage of decision making

From resource extraction to disposal of the product

Every transformation generates environmentalImpact

This calls for an eco centric approach in production



stages of decision making

Material

extraction

Primary

processing

Design and

manufacturing

DistributionUseDisposal



Eco centric managementRests on the holistic view of the human

community

Man is integral part of nature

Nature is not simply a resource to be usedfor human welfare

Nature has the right to exist and functionnormally



Eco centric managementUse the nature with care and

responsibility

Eliminate environmental damages

Promote a lifestyle that is in harmony withnature

It is the first step towards sustainableindustrialization




BenefitsLower cost of raw materials

Lower energy costs

Lower waste disposal costs

Reduced liability for cleaning upcontamination




Benefits

Few regulatory complications

Lower operational and maintenancecosts

Lower employee, public andenvironmental risks

Better employee morale, productivityand product quality



SomeRelated Areas



Ecological marketingA new marketing approach

Promotes re-consumption

Increase the ability to use andreuse

Re-consumption over generations

(life cycle usage)

Non purchasing conservationactivity



Four rules of Green marketing

Reduction of consumer needs

Encouraging re-consumption

Reorientation of marketing mix

Reorganizing



Terms used in Marketing strategiesDegradableBio degradablePhoto gradableCompostableRecyclableRefillableOzone friendly

Eco-friendlyRecycled contentsEco labeling



Valdez PrincipleA litmus test for corporate behaviorPrescribes the following for achieving

sustainable industrializationProtection of biosphere

Sustainable use of natural resourcesReduction and disposal of wasteWise use of energyRisk reductionMarketing of safe production and services

Damage compensation

Welfare economics



Welfare economics

Welfare economics is a branch of

economics that uses micro economictechniques to simultaneously determineallocational efficiency and the incomedistribution associated with

It attempts to maximize the level of social welfare by examining theeconomic activities of the individuals

that comprises society

Social Responsiveness of Business



Social Responsiveness of Business

The ability of the corporation torelate its operations and policies tothe social environment that aremutually beneficial to the companyand the society.

Business organization mustfunction as part of a larger socialsystem, because they are in fact

part of that system

S i l R ibilit



Social Responsibility

An intelligent and objective concern for the

welfare of the society that restrainsindividuals and corporate behavior fromultimately destructive activities

K.R.Andrews

The business must recognize andunderstand the aspirations of the societyand resolve to contribute to itsachievement

Howard Bowen



Ecological Responsibility of Business

Avoid misuse of national resources andeconomic power

Business men are obliged to use theproductive resources for the common goodof the society

They should reduce the amount of effluents which damage the surroundingenvironment

They are duty bound to repair the damage

by recognizing their ecologicalresponsibility towards society

G E i



Green EconomicsAn approach to economics in which the economy is

considered to be a component of the natural world

It takes the widest possible view of stakeholders of a transaction to include impacts of nature, non humanspecies, planet, earth sciences, the biosphere

It includes the environmental economics andecological economics

It is careful to include principles of social equity atthe core of its concerns

It emphasizes on eco systems as the right startingpoint for economics

„Growthism‟ in economics disrupts and destroysgrowth of the life supporting capacity of the naturalecosystems

Eco sensitive efforts



Eco sensitive effortsfor a healthy living

High pitched fast life endangers ourexistence

Exploiting the nature has its strongopposite reactions

Use the resources, do not misuse it, neverabuse itLet us use the leaves and fruits and leave

the tree to liveLet us draw milk from the cow, let us not

kill them

This is the real ahimsa, the dharmic way of living

Wh t d t d



What we need today

Stop endangering ourselves by ourbad habits

Stop exploitation of the earththrough commercialization

Imbibe eco friendly attitude in

our activitiesEnsure economy in the

utilization resources

Ensure vital economy

( pranasakthi mitavyayam) inhuman life

1. Acid rain and environmentalefficiency

2 Bi f i

1. Environmental economics

2. Environmental ethics



2. Bio-farming

3. Bio-friendly living

4. Biological hazards

5. Biosphere

6. Club of Rome

7. Conservation strategy8. Consumerism its impact

9. Corporate environmentalresponsibility

10. Declining resources – its impact

11. Deforestation

12. Demographic advantage

13. Earth Summit

14. Eco-friendly industrialization

15. Eco-friendly products16. Eco-friendly technologies

17. Ecological engineering

18. Ecology and economics

19. Ecology and environment

20. Economic development

21. Environment and bio-technology

22. Environment and corporate lifestyle

23. Environment and human activities

24. Environment and industrialization25. Environment and population

explosion

26. Environment and quality of life

27. Environment and urbanization

28. Environmental Accounting

29. Environmental audit

30. Environmental Audit

3. Environmental Impact Assessment

4. Environmental management

5. Environmental performance

6. Environmental pollution

7. Environmental social responsibility

8. Evergreen revolution9. Genetically Modified Crops

10. Greenhouse effect and globalwarming

11. Greenhouse gases

12. Greening the globe

13. Health and environment

14. Hundred years of emission

15. Important health hazards

16. Intellectual Property rights17. Kyoto protocol

18. Limits to growth

19. Man and environment

20. Ozone depletion –its effect onenvironment

21. Radical green economics

22. Reforestation

23. Renewable energy industries

24. Renewable resource industries25. Resource conservation

26. Rio- declaration

27. Stock home agreement

28. Sustainable development

29. Sustainable ecosystems

30. What is techno sphere

Corporate environmental responsibility Eco-friendly products



Environmental economics

Environmental management

Environmental performance

Man and environment

Environment and human activities

Environment and quality of life

Environmental pollution

Acid rain and environmental efficiency

Ozone depletion –its effect onenvironmental efficiency

Greenhouse effect and global warming

Environment and population explosion

Environment and industrialization

Greening the globe

Eco-friendly industrialization

Renewable energy industries

Renewable resource industries

Eco-friendly technologies

Bio-farming

Environmental Impact Assessment

Environment and urbanization

Health and environment

Important health hazards

Biological hazards

Environment and bio-technology

Demographic advantage

Environment and corporate lifestyle

Resource conservation

What is techno sphere

Environmental ethics

Intellectual Property rights

Genetically Modified Crops

Consumerism its impact

Ecology and environment

Ecological engineering

Sustainable ecosystems

Biosphere

Environmental audit

Economic development

Sustainable development

Deforestation

Reforestation

Declining resources – its impact

Limits to growth

Club of Rome

Stock home agreement

Conservation strategy

Earth Summit

Rio- declaration

Kyoto protocol

Environmental social responsibility

Ecology and economicsEvergreen revolution

Hundred years of emission

Greenhouse gases

Bio-friendly living

Radical green economics

Questions



1. The health of the planet determines the health of thepeople. Discuss?

2. 20th century was the century of economics. The 21st century will be a century of environment. Discuss?

3. Do you think that developmental activities are realthreats to the environment? Discuss?

4. What is the significance of environmental managementin modern world?

5. How can the relation between population and

economic growth be viewed from the angle of sustainable development?6. Discuss the industrialization as a tool to enhance the

quality of life with out environmental damage?7. Elucidate the environmental problems created by

urban agglomerations?8. What are the risks posed by GM crops to the

environment?9. Is consumerism the principal cause of pollution?

Elucidate10. Explain the application of biotechnology with reference

to environment?



Questions1. Ecology is being recognized as an interface between

environment and technology. Explain2. Explain the impacts of human interaction on

environmental and social components?

3. Distinguish between the exploitation of resources andthe exploration of resources

4. What is sustainable development? Enumerate theeconomic dimensions of sustainable development

5. What is the role of women empowerment insustainable development?

6. What are the prerequisites for sustainabledevelopment?7. What is limits to growth? How do you justify the

concept of no-growth in a developing economy?8. Explain the concept of sustainable industrialization?



ReferencesUberoi N.K., Environmental Management, Excel

Books, New DelhiPandey G.N., Environmental Management, Vikas,

New DelhiEugene T, Environmental Economics, Vrinda

Publications, New DelhiMuraleevallabhan T.V., Dimensions of Sustainable

Economic Development, UNMA Publications NooranadKarpagam. M. Environmental Economics, Sterling

Publishers New DelhiGautam Sharma, Environment, Man and Nature,

Reliance Publishing House, DelhiShankar Ulganathan, Environmental Economics, OUP,

Delhi

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