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4 years MD program 2014/2015 HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY

Winter semester

Lectures, Seminars & Practical Classes Textbooks 1. Gartner L. P., Hiatt J. L., “ Color Textbook of Histology”, Saunders Elsevier, third edition 2. Sadler T.W. ,”Medical embryology”, 2013, twelfth edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Additional 1. Ross M.H., Pawlina W. “Histology: A text and atlas”, 2011, sixth edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2. Schoenwolf G.C., Bleyl S.B., Brauer P.R., Francis-West P.H. “Larsen’s human embryology”, 2009,

fourth edition, Elsevier Churchill Livingstone 3. Moore K.L., Persaud T.V.N., Torchia M.G. “The developing human: Clinically oriented embryology”,

2013, ninth edition, Elsevier Saunders 4. Eroschenko V.P. “ diFiore’s Atlas of histology with functional correlations”, 2013, twelfth edition,

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 5. Gartner L. P., Hiatt J. L. “Color Atlas of Histology”, 2009, fifth edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 6. Cui D. “Atlas of histology with functional and clinical correlations”, 2011, first edition, Lippincott Williams

& Wilkins

GENERAL HISTOLOGY October 13, 2014 - November 17, 2014

LECTURES – MONDAYS 14:00 p.m. - Hornowski Lecture Hall; FRIDAYS 12:15 p.m. - CB Seminar Room;

SEMINARS & PRACTICAL CLASSES - class rooms; # 1. Monday: October 13, 2014

Lecture # 1. Epithelial tissue. Prof. Jacek Malejczyk

Seminar/Practical class # 1. Various cell types. slides: - fibroblasts (slide # 97),

- isolated cells from the smooth muscles (slide # 19). - nerve cells impregnated with silver nitrate (slide # 112), - proper use of the light microscope (text # 21),

# 2. Friday: October 17, 2014 Lecture # 2. Connective tissue proper. Prof. Krzysztof Włodarski

Seminar/Practical class # 2. Electron microscope an d cell structure. electronograms and schemes:

astrocytes microtubules

- mitochondria (EM # 42, 51), - endoplasmic reticulum (EM # 2), - the Golgi complex & microtubules (EM # 12) - endosomes & lysosomes (EM # 54), - microtubules (EM # 33), - proteasomes (text & EM # 98)

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- peroxisomes (EM # 8), - amino acids (text # 27), - lipid rafts & caveolae (text #143) - biologically active compounds (derived from fatty acids and phospholipids) -

released from cell membranes (text & fig. # 13) microtubule

# 3. Monday: October 20, 2014 Lecture # 3. Cartilage and bone. Dr. hab. Paweł Włodarski

Seminar/Practical class # 3. Cell division. slides: - mitosis in sections of limb obtained from 16.5-day-old mouse fetus (slide # 4),

human

chromosomes – blue; centromeres – white

- mitosis in in vitro cultured cells (slide # 1), electronograms and schemes:

- nucleus and nucleolus (EM # 52), - nucleosomes and nucleofilaments (EM # 231), - sex chromatin (fig. # 30), - motor proteins – dynein and kinesin (fig. # 11),

bipolar spindle

- hypothetical mechanism of chromosome movement during anaphase (fig. # 3, 4), - microtubules attached to the kinetochore and schematic drawing of a

chromosome (fig. & EM # 29), - human metaphase chromosomes visualized by various methods (fig. # 132), - inborn deformations caused by abnormal number or structure of chromosomes

(text & fig. # 89)

# 4. Friday: October 24, 2014 Lecture # 4. Nerve tissue and nervous system. Prof. Wojciech Saw icki

Seminar/Practical class # 4. Epithelial tissue, gla nds. slides:

- simple squamous epithelium - cornea (slide # 3a),

simple columnar epithelium

- simple columnar epithelium - jejunum (slide # 51a), - simple cuboidal epithelium - thyroid gland (slide # 8), - stratified squamous epithelium – cornea (slide # 3a), - pseudostratified columnar epithelium - trachea (slide # 60), - stratified cuboidal epithelium (transitional) - urinary bladder (slide # 67),

# 5. Monday: October 27, 2014 Lecture # 5. Muscle cells, their types and function . Prof. Krzysztof Włodarski

Seminar/Practical class # 5. Connective tissue proper and adipose tissue.

phagocytosis of cancer cell

by macrophage (pink)

slides: - loose connective tissue – mesentery, mast cells, elastic fibers (slide # 9), - dense connective tissue – tendon (slide # 7), - unilocular (yellow) adipose tissue – hypodermis (slide # 38), - multilocular (brown) adipose tissue (slide # 110), - reticular fibers - spleen (slide # 113), - leptin, the hormone of satiety, secreted by adipocytes (text # 22). - “Crocodile people” - photo # 24

# 6. Friday: October 31, 2014 Lecture # 6. Blood and bone marrow. Prof. Stanisław Moskalewski

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Seminar/Practical class # 6. Cartilage and bone. Slides: - hyaline cartilage (slide # 10),

- elastic cartilage – epiglottis (slide # 12), - compact bone - ground section (slide # 14), - compact bone, decalcified (slide # 16) , hyaline cartilage

schema of the tissue

schemes: - aggregate of proteoglycans (fig. # 49), - cartilage proteoglycans (fig. # 97), - schematic composition of cartilage and bone proteoglycans (fig. # 55). - molecular biology of achondroplasia, hypochondroplasia and tanatophoric

dysplasia (text, figure & photo 23), - reconstruction of defects in articular surface cartilage with transplantation of

isolated chondrocytes (text & photo. 48).

# 7. Monday: November 3, 2014 Lecture # 7. Cardio-circulatory system. Prof. Jacek Malejczyk

Seminar/Practical class # 7. Bone formation.

osteon

slides: - capsule of synovial joint (slide # 15), - intramembranous ossification (slide # 17), - endochondral ossification – late stage (slide # 18), - synovial membrane (slide # 59) (Fragment of synovial membrane from human knee

joint. A layer of synoviocytes rests on the cushion of fat cells. Numerous blood vessels are present. The layer of synoviocytes contains both fibroblasts (F cells) and macrophages (M cells), but they are difficult to distinguish without special staining. F cells usually have elongated nuclei with the long axis parallel to the surface of the synovial membrane. Nuclei of M cells are usually larger and more rounded. L. general structure of synovial membrane; H. a layer of synoviocytes.),

compact bone, decalcified

schemes: - vascular system of bone and bone marrow cavity (fig. # 63), - osteoporosis (text # 38), - the role of cell-to-cell interactions in osteoclast formation (text & schemes #

56), - changes occurring in bones in osteoporosis (fig. # 86), - osteogenic groove and perichondral ring (text & photo # 28).

# 8. Friday: November 7, 2014 Lecture # 8. Endocrine system. Dr. hab. Paweł Włoda rski

Seminar/Practical class # 8. Nervous tissue. Periph eral nervous system.

nerve cell

slides: - isolated nerve fiber (slide # 25), - peripheral nerve – HE staining (slide # 27), - peripheral nerve – impregnated with OsO4 (slide # 26), - dorsal root ganglion (slide # 76), - nerve cells in the spinal cord – tigroid (slide # 75),

motoneuron

electronograms and schemes: - axon (EM # 79), - Nissl bodies (EM # 18), - Tau protein (EM # 37), - molecular structure of Tau & MAP proteins and their role in Alzheimer’s

disease (fig. # 77).

# 9. Monday: November 10, 2014 Lecture # 9. Female & male reproductive system. Dr. Marek Kujawa

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Seminar/Practical class # 9. Muscle.

cardiac muscle

slides: - smooth muscular tissue – the wall of jejunum (slide # 13), - striated muscle – tongue (slide # 20), - cardiac muscle (slide # 23), - cross-striations in the skeletal muscle (slide # 22),

electronograms and schemes: - intercalated disc (EM # 16 & 39),

skeletal muscle

- satellite cells (EM # 7), - sarcoplasmic reticulum (EM # 40), - sarcomere (EM # 75), - dystrophin & utrophin (fig. # 84).

# 10. Friday: November 14, 2014 Lecture # 10. Embryology - preembryonic & embryonic periods. Dr. Marek Kujawa

Seminar/Practical class # 10. Blood and bone marrow . Slides: - blood smear (slide # 104),

- smear of bone marrow cells (slide # 35a), - section of red bone marrow (slide # 35), neutrophil

macrophage

electronograms and schemes: - lymphocytes fixed as a suspension and in the smear (EM # 59), - scheme of platelet function (fig. # 68). - blood morphology analysis by flow cytometry (text & fig. # 67)

# 11. Monday: November 17, 2014 Lecture # 11. Embryology - fetal period. Dr. Marek Kujawa

Seminar/Practical class # 11. Circulatory system. slides:- heart (slide # 33), - aorta stained with resorcin (elastic membranes and fibers)( slide # 31), - aorta stained with HE (slide # 30), - muscular artery and vein (slide # 29), - capillaries – mesentery (slide # 28), electronograms and schemes:

- troponins – acute myocardial infarction diagnosis (text & schema # 35), - Weibel – Palade granule (EM # 58), - endocrine cells of the heart (EM # 60), - natriuretic hormone of atrium (atriopeptin, ANF) (text # 57).

human aorta cross section

EMBRYOLOGY November 21, 2014 - November 28, 2014

# 12. Friday: November 21, 2014 Lecture # 12. Embryology - placenta & fetal membran es. Dr. Marek Kujawa

Seminar/Practical class # 12. Endocrine glands. Practical intermediate examination in General Histology (slides). slides: - hypophysis (slide # 40),

- thyroid gland (slide # 8), - parathyroid gland (slide # 90), - suprarenal gland (slide # 39), - pineal gland (slide # 49),

hypophysis

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- chromaffin reaction in the suprarenal gland (slide # 5). schema: - photograph of a patient with a thyroglossal cyst (photo. # 87). - Primary hyperparathyroidism (text & fig. # 85 ),

thyroid glad

specimen x (no. 32) - please, answer the following questions: Can you recognise in this specimen:

1) epithelium (if the answer is yes what type is it ?), 2) glands (if the answer is yes, what type are they ?), 3) fibroblasts, 4) adipocytes (fat cells), 5) fibers: a) collagen, b) elastic, 6) striated muscle cells, 7) smooth muscle cells, 8) blood vessels, arterioles, venules, 9) capillaries,

10) nerves.

# 13. Monday: November 24, 2014 LECTURE HALL - Intermediate examination in General histology - MCQ test. Seminar/Practical class # 13. Female reproductive s ystem. Retake practical intermediate examination in General Histology (slides). (Students who did not pass practical part of any exa mination before the date of the retake exam, will not qualif y for the retake MCQ test)

Oocyte and spermatozoa

slides: - ovary (slide # 72), - corpus luteum (slide # 94), - oviduct (slide # 73), - uterus (slide # 74),

- fragments of uterus wall obtained from biopsy: • slide # 105 proliferative phase, • slide # 105a – secretory phase

# 14. Friday: November 28, 2014 Lecture # 13. Lymphatic system. Prof. Jacek Malejcz yk

Seminar/Practical class # 14. Male reproductive sys tem. slides: - testis (slide # 69),

- epididymis (slide # 70), - ductus deferens (slide # 71), - prostate (slide # 92), - prostate fixed in glutaraldehyde (slide # 92a) - human spermatozoa (smear) (slide # 69a).

text & schema: - structure of the prostate (text & fig. # 96) human spermatozoa

MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY December 1, 2014 - January 30, 2015

# 15. Monday: December 1, 2014 Lecture # 14. Gastrointestinal system 1. Dr. Marek Kujawa

Seminar/Practical class # 15. Immune system.

lymph node

slides: - spleen (slide # 34), - lymph node (slide # 36), - thymus (slide # 37), - palatine tonsil (slide # 46), electronograms and schemes: - thymus-dependent and thymus- independent zones of lymph node (fig. #

103),of spleen (fig. # 104), and of appendix (fig. # 105),

palatine tonsil

- high endothelial cell venule (EM # 106), - post-capilary venule (EM # 107), - E-selectin in the high-endothelium vein (EM # 122), - M cells in the palatine tonsils and in the Peyer’s patches (text and fig. # 115,

116 & 117).

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Monday: De cember 1, 2014 (after practical class) Class room # 5 Retake intermediate examination in General histology - MCQ test.

# 16. Friday: December 5, 2014 Lecture # 15. Gastrointestinal system 2. Prof. Wojc iech Sawicki Seminar/Practical class # 16. Gastrointestinal syst em 1. slides: - filiform papillae - tongue (slide # 41), - circumvallate papillae, taste buds – tongue (slide # 42), - parotid gland (slide # 44), - sublingual gland (slide # 45), tongue –circumvallatae papillae

tooth

- tooth germ (slide # 103), - dentine, ground section (slide # 100), specimen x (slide # 74) – please, answer the questions for specimen x, as in

practical class # 12

# 17. Monday: December 8, 2014 LECTURE HALL - Intermediate examination in Embryolo gy - MCQ test.

Seminar/Practical class # 17. Gastrointestinal syst em 2. slides:

- oesophagus (slide # 47), - stomach (slide # 48), - duodenum (slide # 50), - small intestine – jejunum (slide # 51), oesophagus

duodeum

- large intestine – colon (slide # 52), electronograms:

- microvilli of jejunal resorptive cell (EM # 83). - parietal cells (text & fig. # 91).

specimen x (slide # 43) – please, answer the questions for specimen x, as in practical class # 12

# 18. Friday: December 12, 2014 Lecture # 16. Gastrointestinal system 3. Prof. Krzy sztof Włodarski

Seminar/Practical class # 18. Gastrointestinal syst em 3.

slides: - ileum – Peyer's patches (slide # 55), - appendix (slide # 53), - liver (slide # 54), - foetal liver (slide # 54a), - pancreas (slide # 58),

electronograms: - space of Disse (EM # 72), - bile canaliculi (EM # 20, 73),

liver

pancreas

- Kupffer and Ito cells (EM # 61). - objective detection of alkohol problems (text & fig. # 19). - anomalies in structure of large intestine, Hirschsprung’s disease (text &

fig. # 142). specimen x (slide # 57) - please answer the questions for specimen x, as in

practical class # 12

# 19. Monday: December 15, 2014 Lecture # 17. Respiratory system. Dr. Marek Kujawa

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Seminar/Practical class # 19. Respiratory system.

trachea

slides: - trachea (slide # 60),

- lung (slide # 61), - foetal lung (slide # 61a),

electronograms and schemes: - pulmonary alveoli (EM # 6), - surfactant covering alveolar epithelium (EM # 74), - interstitial cell (EM # 123), - eotaxin – chemokine selective for eosinophils (text # 137). - Immobile Cilia Syndrome. Kartagener’s Syndrom (text & fig. # 92).

alveolar sacs

Class room # 5 Retake intermediate examination in Embryology - MCQ test. # 20. Friday: December 19, 2014 Lecture # 18. Urinary system. Dr. Marek Kujawa

Seminar/Practical class # 20. Urinary system. Slides: - kidney (slide # 63),

- urinary bladder (slide # 67), - ureter (slide # 66),

electronograms and schemes: - elements of filtration slits in kidney glomerulus (text & photo. # 93)

specimen x (no. 96) - please answer the questions for specimen x, as in practical class # 12 (part I). kidney

# 21. Monday: January 5, 2015 Lecture # 19. Skin & its appendages, mammary gland. Prof. Jacek Malejczyk

Seminar/Practical class # 21. Skin & its appendages , mammary gland.

nonhairy skin

slides: - nonhairy skin (slide # 83), - hairy skin (slide # 85), - active (lactating) mammary gland (slide # 86), - inactive mammary gland (slide # 87),

Electronograms and schemes: - keratinization (fig. 14), - hemidesmosomes in epidermis, the border epidermis - dermis - (EM 131), - the structure of human epidermis (fig. 15),

epidermis

# 22. Friday: January 9, 2015 Lecture # 20. Sensory organs: ear and eye - Prof. S tanisław Moskalewski

Seminar/Practical class # 22. Nervous system. Slides:

- brain (slide # 77), - cerebellum (slide # 79), - spinal cord (slide # 75),

Corti’s organ - lacrimal gland (slide # 80) Lobal structure LM, Single cuboidal glandular epithelium (lipid droplets and eosinophilic granules in cytoplasm), myoepithelial cells located between basal lamina and glandular epithelium, intralobular ducts – single cuboidal epithelium, interlobular ducts – stratified columnar epithelium – HM, - eye ball (slide # 81), - retina (slide # 82), - cornea (slide # 3), retina

Practical class # 23. Monday: January 12, 2015

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Practical class # 23. Demonstration slides before the Intermediate examin ation of the Microscopic Anatomy

Practical class # 24. Friday: January 16, 20 15 Practical class # 24. Practical Intermediate examination in Microscopic A natomy. Students who did not pass practical part of any exa mination before the date of the retake exam, will n ot qualify for the retake MCQ test.

Practical class # 25. Monday: January 19, 2015 LECTURE HALL – Intermediate examination in Microscopic Anatomy - M CQ test. Practical class # 25. Retake practical Intermediate examination in Micros copic Anatomy. Students who did not pass practical part of any exa mination before the date of the retake exam, will n ot qualify for the retake MCQ test.

Practical class # 26. Friday: January 23, 20 15 Practical class # 26. Demonstration slides before the Final Examination.

Practical class # 27. Monday: January 26, 20 15 LECTURE HALL – Retake intermediate examination in Microscopic Anat omy- MCQ test. Practical class # 27. Demonstration slides before the Final Examination.

Practical class # 28. Friday: January 30, 20 15 LECTURE HALL - Last retake all intermediate examination - MCQ test . Practical class # 28. Demonstration slides before the Final Examination.

Theoretical (MCQ) intermediate examination 2014/20 15

General histology • November 24, 2014 – Monday (Hornowski Hall)

Theoretical (MCQ) intermediate examination in General Histology • December 1, 2014 – Monday (class room # 5)

Retake of the theoretical (MCQ) intermediate examin ation in General Histology • January 30, 2015 – Seminars room

Last retake of the theoretical (MCQ) intermediate e xamination in General Histology

Embryology • December 8, 2014 - Monday (Hornowski Hall) Theoretical (MCQ) intermediate examination in Embryology • December 15, 2014 - Monday (class room # 5) Retake of the theoretical (MCQ) intermediate exami nation in Embryology

• January 30, 2015 – Seminars room Last retake of the theoretical (MCQ) intermediate e xamination in Embryology

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Microscopic anatomy examination • January 19, 2015 - Monday (Hornowski Hall) Theoretical (MCQ) intermediate examination in Microscopic Anatomy • January 26, 2015 - Monday (Hornowski Hall) Retake of the theoretical (MCQ) intermediate examin ation in Microscopic Anatomy • January 30, 2015 – Seminars room Last retake of the theoretical (MCQ) intermediate e xamination in Microscopic Anatomy

Dates of all examinations are not subject to negoti ation