, 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 W X 1€¦ · 1 1 û ü ð 1 £ 1 ¢ 1 1 1 1 ¢ 1 1 ý z þ ð 1 1 ¢ 1 1 ...
3GenesEnhanced (1)
-
Upload
ned-wilson -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
0
Transcript of 3GenesEnhanced (1)
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
1/23
yers PSY HOLO Y (7th Ed)
Chapter 3
The Nature and NurtureOf Behavior
James A. McCubbin, PhDClemson University
Worth Publishers
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
2/23
Genes: Our BiologicalBlueprint
Chromosomes threadlike structures made of DNA that
contain the genesDNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) complex molecule containing the geneticinformation that makes up the chromosomeshas two strands- forming a double helix --heldtogether by bonds between pairs ofnucleotides
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
3/23
Genes: Our BiologicalBlueprint
Genes biochemical units of heredity that make up thechromosomesa segment of DNA capable of synthesizing aprotein
Genome
the complete instructions for making anorganismconsisting of all the genetic material in itschromosomes
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
4/23
Genes: Their Locationand Composition
Nucleus Chromosome Gene
Cell DNA
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
5/23
Evolutionary Psychology
Natural Selection the principle that, among the range of
inherited trait variations, those that lead toincreased reproduction and survival will mostlikely be passed on to succeeding generations
Mutations random errors in gene replication that lead toa change in the sequence of nucleotidesthe source of all genetic diversity
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
6/23
Evolutionary Psychology
Evolutionary Psychologythe study of the evolution of behaviorand the mind, using the principles ofnatural selection
Genderin psychology, the characteristics,whether biologically or sociallyinfluenced, by which people define maleand female
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
7/23
Evolutionary Psychology
Men preferred attractive physical featuressuggesting youth and healthWomen preferred resources and social status
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
8/23
Behavior Genetics
Behavior Genetics study of the relative power and limits ofgenetic and environmental influences onbehavior
Environment every nongenetic influence, fromprenatal nutrition to the people andthings around us
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
9/23
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
10/23
Behavior Genetics
Temperamenta persons characteristic emotionalreactivity and intensity
Heritability the proportion of variation amongindividuals that we can attribute togenesmay vary, depending on the range ofpopulations and environments studied
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
11/23
Behavior Genetics
Interactionthe dependence of the effect of one
factor (such as environment) on anotherfactor (such as heredity)
Molecular Genetics
the subfield of biology that studies themolecular structure and function ofgenes
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
12/23
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
13/23
EnvironmentalInfluence
Experience affects brain development
Impoverishedenvironment
Rat braincell
Rat braincell
Enrichedenvironment
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
14/23
EnvironmentalInfluence
A trained brain
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
15/23
EnvironmentalInfluence
Culturethe enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes,
and traditions shared by a large group ofpeople and transmitted from onegeneration to the next
Norman understood rule for accepted andexpected behavior
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
16/23
EnvironmentalInfluence
Personal Spacethe buffer zone we like to maintain
around our bodiesMemes
self-replicating ideas, fashions, andinnovations passed from person toperson
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
17/23
The Nature andNurture of Gender
X Chromosomethe sex chromosome found in both men andwomenfemales have two; males have onean X chromosome from each parent producesa female child
Y Chromosome the sex chromosome found only in menwhen paired with an X chromosome from themother, it produces a male child
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
18/23
The Nature andNurture of Gender
Testosteronethe most important of the male sex hormones
both males and females have itadditional testosterone in males stimulates
growth of male sex organs in the fetusdevelopment of male sex characteristics duringpuberty
Rolea set of expectations (norms) about a social position
defining how those in the position ought to behave
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
19/23
The Nature andNurture of Gender
Gender Rolea set of expected behaviors for males andfemales
Gender Identityones sense of being male or female
Gender-typingthe acquisition of a traditional masculine orfeminine role
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
20/23
The Nature andNurture of Gender
Gender and Culture
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
21/23
The Nature andNurture of Gender
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
22/23
The Nature andNurture of Gender
Social Learning Theorytheory that we learn social behavior byobserving and imitating and by beingrewarded or punished
Gender Schema Theorytheory that children learn from their culturesa concept of what it means to be male andfemale and that they adjust their behavioraccordingly
-
8/10/2019 3GenesEnhanced (1)
23/23
The Nature andNurture of Gender
Two theories of gender typing