THE PARAMOUNT OF WIRELESS NETWORKS

3G Technology

Group Members(1) Sourav Mondal – 08102003057(2) Rabin Banerjee – 08102003049(3) Sayak Saha – 08102003018(4) Mahim Mazumder - 08102003007

History

First pre-commercial 3G network was launched by Japan in May 2001.First post-commercial launch by Japan in Oct 2001.The second network is SK Telecom of South Korea in Jan 2002 . First commercial 3G network of US is Monet Mobile Network on CDMA 2000.Second network id Verizon Wireless in Oct 2003 on CDMA 2000.

Evolution of wireless technology

First Generation(1G)Known as Analog Mobile Phone Systems (AMPS). It was based on circuit-switched technology and designed for voice, not data.

Second Generation(2G)Mostly based on Circuit Switched technology.These are digital and expand the range of applications to more advanced voice services.

Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)

First implemented in 1991 by Finland. It is a combination of Frequency Division Multiple

Access (FDMA) and Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA).

It operates in the 900MHz and 1.8 GHz bands throughout the world (except America).

In America it operates in 1.9 GHz band.

General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)

Enhancement for GSM core networks that introduces packet data transmission .

It uses radio spectrum.

It provides always connectivity and greater bandwidth.

Worldwide roaming.

Enhanced Data for Global Evolution (EDGE)

Also, called as Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution.

A radio based high-speed mobile data standards It enables services like multimedia emailing, Web

infotainment and video conferencing.

Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

It was developed in North America. It uses spread spectrum technology to break up

speech into small, digitized segments and encodes them to identify each call.

It providing clearer voice quality with less background noise, fewer dropped calls, enhanced security, greater reliability and greater network capacity.

Analogical demonstration of CDMA technique

Need for 3GDrawbacks of previous generations:

1G compares unfavorably to its successors. It has low capacity, unreliable handoff, poor voice links, and no security at all since voice calls were played back in radio towers, making these calls susceptible to unwanted eavesdropping by third parties.

2G technologies weaker digital signals may not be sufficient to reach a Cell tower.

2G Difficult roaming between countries using different systems.

Back ground Noise, lossy compression during CODECS.

Migration to 3G

3G Wireless Networks

It represents the convergence of various 2G wireless telecommunications systems into a single global system .

It was first adopted in Japan and South Korea.

Its ability is to unify existing cellular standards such as CDMA, GSM, and TDMA under one umbrella.

This results wideband CDMA, CDMA2000 and the Universal Wireless Communication (UWC) interfaces.

3G Network Architecture

Handoffs• Handoff : The process whereby a mobile station moves to a new traffic channel is called handoff

• Soft hand-off: Soft Handoff is a process in which the mobile is directed to hand off to the same frequency assigned to an adjacent cell without dropping the original RF link.The mobile keeps two RF links during the soft-handoff process.

• Softer hand-off: During softer handover, a MS is in the overlapping cell coverage area of two adjacent sectors of a base station.

• Hard handoff : occurs when two base stations are not synchronized or are not on the same frequency resulting in interruption in voice or data.

• Inter-frequency hard hand-off

• Inter-system hard hand-off

Soft Handover

3G Data Speed

HSPA(3g++)

Consist of HSDPA & HSUPA. The improved downlink provides up to 14

Mbit/s with significantly reduced latency. The enhanced uplink increases the data rate

(up to 5.8 Mbit/s). multi-code transmission, short Transmission

Time Interval (TTI), fast scheduling and fast Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ).

3G Video Calling

3G Security

3G Applications Interactive news delivery (voice, video, e-mail,

graphics) Voice /High-quality audio Still photography Video Data transmission services File transfer from intranet Multimedia e-mail (graphics, voice, video) Video conferencing Web browser

– On-line services– Time schedules– Global Positioning Services/Geographical

Information Systems

Continued growth of 3G subscribers

Subscribers Statistics Cost of moving from GSM to cdmaOne overrides the benefit of the CDMA

migration path.

Conclusion

3G is for high speed networks for variety of data intensive applications. 3G provides more advanced services like wide-area wireless voice Telephone, video calls and broadband wireless data and also it provides advanced multimedia access and global roaming. 3G is giving way to new generation wireless networks i.e. 4G.

References

ITU IMT-2000: http://www.itu.int/imt2000 3G All IP Forum: http://www.3gip.org Mobile Wireless Internet Forum: http://www.mwif.org Global Mobile Supplier: http://www.gsacom.com

Standard Committee T1 (USA): http://www.t1.orgChina Wireless Telecommunication Standard (China): http://www.cwts.orgThe Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (Japan): http://www.arib.or.jp/arib/english/

OMA, Open Mobile Alliance: http://www.openmobilealliance.org/ Consolidates Open Mobile Architecture, WAP Forum, LIF, SyncML,

MMS Interoperability Group, Wireless Village Open GIS Consortium: http://www.opengis.org/ Focus on standards for spatial and location information WLIA,

Wireless Location Industry Association: http://www.wliaonline.com

Thank you!