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3D Scanning for 3D Printing:

Making Reality Digital, and then Physical Again, Part 2

Michael Raphael

Founder and CEO

Direct Dimensions, Inc.

Biography – Michael Raphael

Education

• B.S. in Engineering Science & Mechanics (VT)• Masters in Engineering Administration (GWU)

Career

• Liaison Engineer at Martin Marietta (Lockheed Martin)• Roles in engineering and quality departments• Created Advanced Quality Technologies group to resolve

engineering and manufacturing problems• Co-developed the electrogoniometer (FaroArm!) in 1989

Direct Dimensions

• Founded DDI in 1995 as ’one-stop 3D scanning shop’

Professional Life

• Author for LiDAR News – numerous articles on scanning• Contributor to Wohler’s Report – the 3D Scanning section • Active with many 3D conferences: SPAR, CMSC, RAPID, etc.

Offers a wide range of services & tools for the 3D scanning and printing worlds

Overview of Direct Dimensions, Inc.

Rapid Solutions to 3D Problems:

• 20-year experts in coordinate metrology for reverse engineering & inspection

• 1000’s of 3D laser scanning and point cloud processing projects

• 3D CAD & BIM modeling, and visualization/animation

• Processing of 3D data for reproductions and 3D printing

• Product sales and application support and training

• Specialized 3D applications and process development

• Creators of ShapeShot 3D Photo Booth

Offers a wide range of services & tools for the 3D scanning and printing worlds

Overview of Direct Dimensions, Inc.

History and experience:

• Participated in the development of the Faro Arm PCMM

• Founded Direct Dimensions in 1995 to provide 3D solutions to the aerospace industry

• Maintains a comprehensive arsenal of 3D scanners, measurement tools, and software

• Completed thousands of project across various industries and applications served

• Today, 25+ employees with vast professional expertise and real-world 3D experience

Offers a wide range of services & tools for the 3D scanning and printing worlds

Overview of Direct Dimensions, Inc.

Key industries served:

• Most Industrial Applications

• Military & Defense

• Buildings & Facilities (AEC/BIM)

• Art, Sculpture, Museum

• Historic Preservation

• Entertainment and TV/Movie VFX

• Digital Fabrication & 3D Printing

• Model Preparation for 3D Printing

3D PRINTING & SCANNING Gartner's Hype Cycle

3D PRINTING & SCANNING Gartner's Hype Cycle

Both over 20 years old, actually 30 years old

• largely industrial with recent consumer interest

• Was $100K+ equipment cost with now sub-$1K

Range of objects

• physical world has huge size & complexity variation

Massive change over last 3 years

• “desktop” and personal 3D scanning

• 123D Catch and Xbox Kinect

Future – what’s next?

• who needs 3D scanning and why?

• what will be the ‘killer apps’?

3D Scanning vs. 3D Printing

Traditional 3D Printing & Additive Manufacturing

• Visual aids for engineers,

designers, sales, medical, etc.

• Presentation models, such as

architectural or prototypes

• Prototypes for assembly fit checks

• Patterns for tooling and castings

• Guides for surgery procedures

• Functional short run production

• Education and research

• Other

Main 3D Printing Processes and Materials

PROCESS SYSTEMS MATERIALS

Material Extrusion - FDMStratasys Dimensions, uPrint

MakerBot Replicator

ABS

PLA

Material Jetting – jetting

drops of material (like inkjet)

Vat photo-polymerization

(light cured)

Objet Connex

Stratasys Polyjet

Multiple plastics or resins

various color and

transparancies

Binder Jetting – glue binds

layered materials

Z Printer

Projet x60 Series

Projet 4500

Composite powders

Plastics

Full color

Sheet Lamination MCORColors, cuts and glues sheets

of paper

Selective Laser Sintering

(SLS)EOS

3D Systems ProX and sPro

Selectively fusing powder

materials – Nylon,

polystyrene, metals

What else is being 3D printed?

Projecting the future for 3D printingMarket Research and Analysis - Source: Pete Basiliere, Research Director at Gartner

�Growing demand for easy-to-use tools and materials

� Prices to drop with competitive pressures and higher unit sales

� Advances in 3D printers & scanners, design tools, and

materials will reduce the cost and complexity of creating 3D

printed item

� Businesses are only now beginning to fully comprehend ways

in which a 3DP can be cost-effectively used in their

organizations

�Makers and hobbyists will contribute to some form of “plug

and play” tool — that will be key to driving consumer sales in

future

3D printing remains a emerging market, despite high levels of hype:

Considerations

� Define your niche: What customers

will you best serve?

� What role: Will you print as a service,

sell the equipment or both?

� Which Equipment & Materials?

� Content: Where will it come from?

Who will own it?

� Data repair: How will you address the need for scan data processing

into 3D printable files?

“…making stuff is going to become more localizable. ..more objects can be manufactured closer to the end customers.” (Peter Weijmarshausen, CEO Shapeways –BARRONS.COM 5/9/14)

Microsoft 8.1 has added a "direct pipeline" from 3D printing applications to 3D printers-(PC Magazine – 7/2/13)

About HP - The company believes that 3D printing is a natural progression of its 2D printer business, where it has a sizeable share. (FORBES.COM – 3/28/14)

3D Scanning – Building content

NYC Hotel Courtyard: Scan to Model to Print

NYC Hotel Courtyard: Scan to Print

� Four Focus3D 120 scans taken at NYC hotel

� Total time on-site about 40 minutes

� Data sufficient for preliminary architectural

modeling of courtyard and portions of

surrounding buildings

� Point cloud converted into 3D CAD model

� 3D CAD fabricated by 3D printing

3D Scan to Revit (BIM) to 3D print example

Feature Replication

Feature Replication

Building Documentation

3D Scanning

The DDI technicians scanned four different sculptures: the Amun, the Headless Princess, the Scribe, and a Kneeling King Tut. An articulating arm-based laser line scanner provided high accuracy and real-time feedback to assure complete capture before heading back to Baltimore to process the raw scan data.

Ancient Sculptures

3D Modeling

For the post-processing, we used Innovmetric’s PolyWorks Modeler software to create highly accurate watertight 3D digital models of each of the ancient pieces.

Ancient Sculptures

Data Analysis

During both the scanning and modeling processes, specific attention was paid to fine cracks and other imperfections in the original pieces. These are the qualities that would make the reproductions more accurate and realistic.

Ancient Sculptures

Final Product Ancient Sculptures

Half-Scale RP ModelCase Study I Digital Historic Preservation I Tomb of the Unknowns

Creating the Final ModelCase Study I Digital Historic Preservation I Tomb of the Unknowns

Team “Scantasia”

3D Scanning Museum Sculptures for Conservation, Restoration, and Awesome

Interactive 3D Online Display

http://shpws.me/qB6j

http://shpws.me/qBrD

http://sketchfab.com/dirdim

https://sketchfab.com/nm5l43hgca

Team Scantasia

Deliverables to The Walters Art Museum

• Demonstration of various types of 3D scanning

• Accurate 3D documentation for conservators & curators

• Various outlets for 3D model presentation to public:• Shapeways for 3D printing

• Sketchfab for interactive online 3D viewing

• WordPress integration to existing website content

http://dirdim.sketchfab.me/folders/artbytes-2014-from-walters-art-museum

6 ft. Youthful Franklin

3D Scanned Onsite

1

23D Computer Model

from 3D Scanning

Digital

Fabrication

from 3D

Model3

Laser Etched Crystal

8 and 12 inch

3D Printed Patterns:

8 Inch Bronze

Replica4

Life-Sized Sculpture

of Teddy Roosevelt

3D Scanned in Museum

High Resolution

3D Digital Model

1

3

24

Casting Pattern made with 3D Printing

6” Stone Replica

with Faux Bronze Finish

23D Digital Model of

Rosetta Stone

Hieroglyphs

Extreme High Resolution 3D

scanning of the direct cast

replica of the Rosetta Stone 1

3High Resolution

Casting Pattern made

with 3D Printing

412 and 15 inch Cast Stone

Rosetta Stone Replicas

High Resolution Scanning of a

Moth and the Resulting

Cast Silver Pendant

2

Click image for link to main Vogue story

Behind the scenes story #2 Story #3 Story #4

Liars Music Video

1. ShapeShot 3D Photo Booth automatically

captures face in 3D in high-res and accurately

4. Files sent to our service providers for fulfillment

2. Instantly view your personal on-line

gallery and on ShapeShot mobile app

3. Buy personalized products from our

ShapeShot online Marketplace web store

3D Photo Booth

Thank You