3800Lecture 1- Eye Anatomy
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Transcript of 3800Lecture 1- Eye Anatomy
EYE ANATOMY
http://everlastingelephants.blogspot.com/2009/08/what-is-eye-cataract.html
EYE ANATOMY
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eye_orbit_anatomy_anterior2.jpg
The orbital bone The eye socket Formed by:
Cheekbone Forehead Temple Side of nose
Eye is cushioned within orbit by pads of fat
Lacrimal gland Produces tears Tears drain through the
nasolacrimal ducthttp://mwsu-bio101.ning.com/forum/topics/distinct-human-celltypes-1?commentId=2263214%3AComment%3A10331
EYE ANATOMY
Eyelids (L): Protection:
Protects eye from foreign matter (dust, dirt, debris)
Protects against bright light that might damage the eye
Help spread tears over surface of eye- moist & comfort
Eyelashes (L): Filter out foreign matter
prevent it from getting into eye
http://www.medical-look.com/human_anatomy/organs/Eyelids_and_eyelashes.html
EYE ANATOMY
Conjunctiva (Conj): Thin, clear layer of skin Covering of the front of eye Covers the sclera and the
inside of the eyelids Function:
Keeps bacteria and foreign material from getting behind eye http://www.images.missionforvisionusa.org/anatomy/2005/11/conjunctiva-answers.html
EYE ANATOMY
Sclera (S): “White of the eye” Tough, opaque tissue that
extends around the eye Surrounds the eye and gives
the eye its shape The sclera is attached to the
extraocular muscles http://www.thirdeyehealth.com/sclera.html
EYE ANATOMY
Extraocular Muscles 6 extraocular muscles that
are attached to each eye Help move the eye left,
right, up, down and diagonally
These 6 muscles are: Superior rectus Inferior rectus Medial rectus Lateral rectus Inferior oblique Superior oblique
http://media.photobucket.com/image/introduction%20to%20eye%20anatomy/trimurtulu/Eye.jpg
EYE ANATOMY
Cornea (K): Clear layer at the front &
center of eye Located in front of the
iris (colored part of eye) Function:
Focus light as it enters eye Avascular
Only organ that has no blood vessels
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cornea.jpg
EYE ANATOMY Anterior Chamber (AC):
Fluid-filled space Behind the cornea & in
front of the iris Fluid = Aqueous humor
(AH) AH helps nourish the
cornea & the lens http://www.djo.harvard.edu/files/2528_310.jpg
http://www.goodhope.org.uk/departments/eyedept/angleclosureetc.htm
EYE ANATOMY
Pupil (P): Central opening of iris
Iris (I): Ring shaped tissue Colored part of eye Controls the amount of light
that enters the eye Two muscle fibers:
Contraction Constricts pupil in bright
light Dilation
Dilates pupil in dark
http://www.bioconsulting.com/Bio_Tech_Assessment.html
http://www.goodhope.org.uk/departments/eyedept/angleclosureetc.htm
EYE ANATOMY
Anterior Chamber Angle Located where the cornea
meets the iris Trabecular Meshwork
Site where aqueous humor drains out of eye
If AH cannot properly drain out Pressure build up inside eye
Causes optic nerve damage & evetually vision loss = glaucoma
http://seniorhealth.about.com/library/conditions/blglaucoma2.htm
EYE ANATOMY Posterior Chamber (PC):
Fluid-filled space Aqueous Humor!
Immediately behind the iris but infront of the lens
http://seniorhealth.about.com/library/conditions/blglaucoma2.htm
EYE ANATOMY Crystalline Lens:
Clear, flexible structure Behind the iris & pupil Surrounded by a ring of
muscular tissue – ciliary body
The lens & ciliary body help control fine focusing of light as it passes through the eye
http://www.smartplanet.com/business/blog/smart-takes/artificial-lens-implant-to-give-patients-high-definition-vision-better-than-2020/2558/
EYE ANATOMY Vitreous Chamber:
Located behind the lens & in front of the retina
Filled with a gel-like fluid called the vitreous humor
The vitreous help maintain the shape of the eye
http://www.ophthobook.com/questions/question-how-many-chambers-are-there-in-the-eye
EYE ANATOMY
Retina: Acts like the film in a camera to
create an image Consists of a specialized layer of
cells Converts light signals into nerve
signal then send these signals to the optic nerve Optic nerve carries the signals to the
brain The brain helps process the image
Rods- low light situations Cones- allows you to see color
hhttp://www1.appstate.edu/~kms/classes/psy3203/EyePhysio/human_retina.htm
http://www.answersingenesis.org/tj/v13/i1/retina.asp
EYE ANATOMY
Macula Located in the central part
of the retina Responsible for giving sharp
central vision Used for reading,
recognizing faces, and watching TV
Any disease that affects the macula will cause a change & impairment in the central vision
http://www.dukehealth.org/eye_center/specialties/macular_degeneration/care_guides/macular_degeneration_frequently_asked_questions
EYE ANATOMY
Choroid A layer of tissue that is:
Located under the retina Separates retina & sclera
Mostly made up of blood vessels
Helps nourish the retina by carrying the blood supply to the eye’s internal structures
http://www.cnib.ca/en/your-eyes/eye-conditions/amd/the-eye/basics/Default.aspx
EYE ANATOMY
Optic Nerve A bundle of 1 million nerve
fibers Responsible for transmitting
nerve signals from the eye to the brain
The optic disc is the front surface of the optic nerve The optic disc is visible on the
retina
http://cssd.us/body.cfm?id=802
http://www.wollongong.youronlinecommunity.com.au/wollongong-online/2008/50/walkthrulife/eye-health.html