Linking European Policies

This brochure has been produced by Information Society Policy Link (ISPL), an initiativeof DG Information Society and Media that aims to link information society projects withEuropean policy-makers across a wide range of policy domains.

More than 3000 projects from information society programmes are being analysed,identifying a wealth of concrete results that support EU policies across all of the principalpolicy areas. By exchanging information and experiences, the Information Society PolicyLink initiative helps to leverage the benefits of these activities for European policies.We are here to make the link.

For Project Consortia, we can help you to:� Organise policy workshops and events targeted at the European policy community.

� Make introductions to policy-makers in European institutions and national administrations.

� Make contact with relevant and complementary projects and initiatives funded underother European programmes.

� Identify means to further exploit policy aspects of your results, including through further research, deployment and regulation.

For Policy-makers in the EU institutions and Member States, we can help you to:� Maintain awareness of information society activities relevant to your policy domain.

� Identify promising projects and results within DG Information Society and Media’sportfolio.

� Explore ways in which Information Society developments can support the implementationand monitoring of European and national policies.

� Build a dialogue with DG Information Society and Media on future needs andresearch requirements.

This brochure is one of a series describing projects’ policy contributions and achievementscovering around 20 policy areas. A separate series focuses on policy initiatives underi2010, the European Information Society for Growth and Employment. In addition, theinitiative organises workshops to stimulate dialogue between researchers and policy-makers on key policy issues.

All publications plus information on policy workshops and other news are available viathe ISPL website at:

http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/policy_link/

A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet.It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu).

Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication.

Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2006

ISBN 92-79-02631-3

© European Communities, 2006Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.

Printed in Belgium

PRINTED ON WHITE CHLORINE-FREE PAPER

Information and communication technologies (ICT) play a key role in all our daily lives, inour work, education, public services and in our homes. More and more new and complexservices can be accessed electronically through a range of devices. Yet access, service design, personal capacity, trust, skills, willingness and awareness can be significant barriers tosome of the very people who could benefit most from these services. For Europe to realise the objectives of its renewed Lisbon agenda for jobs and growth, then the benefits of ICT must be accessible to all.

Promoting an inclusive information society in Europe is one of the three key pillars of thei2010 strategy, the European Information Society for Growth and Jobs. i2010 proposes a widerange of measures for harnessing the potential of ICT to promote inclusion, deliver better public services and improve quality of life. Among many other measures, i2010 plans tolaunch a flagship initiative in 2007 on Independent Living for the Ageing Society, and to worktowards a European eInclusion initiative for 2008.

Member States’ commitment to the eInclusion agenda was evident at a high-level meeting in Riga(Latvia) in June 2006, which brought together ministers from 34 European countries. They endorseda pan-European drive to use ICT to help people to overcome economic, social, educational,territorial or disability-related disadvantages. eInclusion targets agreed by ministers include halvingthe gap in internet usage by groups at risk of exclusion, boosting broadband coverage in Europe toat least 90%, stepping up actions to reduce gaps in digital literacy and e-skills by 2008, and makingall public websites accessible by 2010.

We welcome this brochure as an illustration of how innovation in ICT is contributing to an inclusiveknowledge-based economy and society.

Viviane Reding

European Commissioner for Information Society and Media

> Foreword

1

Vladimír Spidla

European Commissioner for Employment,Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities

Under the Amsterdam Treaty, all European citizens havethe right to participate fully and without discriminationin society.As the knowledge-based economy develops,the increasing use of leading-edge technologies in allareas of life can present major challenges for somepeople and introduce new threats to sustained growthand social stability.To reach the goal of a knowledgeableand sustainable society for all, it is essential to makesure new technologies and systems are accessible toall.We have to apply technology to the task of genuinelyempowering citizens to play a full role in society.

There is a risk that, despite their many benefits, newtechnologies could set people apart, create new barriers, and increase socialexclusion. Specific attentionshould be given to those groupsin society that are at high riskof being excluded, due to awide variety of reasons suchas age, gender, disability, literacy,and culture. Many of thesegroups have common difficulties in gettingemployment and fewereducational opportunities.

Information and communication technologies (ICT) canhelp bridge this “digitaldivide”. For example,learning new skillsusing ICT can helppeople get a job,improving their selfesteem as well asenhancing theirparticipation in society.

Already today, access to technology andthe services which technology can deliveris unequally distributed. Disabled andelderly persons, in particular, are atgreat risk of being digitally marginalised.Demographic trends show that by 2010about 25% of the European populationwill be aged over 60, rising to 30% by2020.

Correspondingly, the proportion of persons with disabilities will rise from about 14% today to around20% by 2020, many of whom will be confronted withmultiple minor disabilities. Thus, potentially, many morecitizens may suffer exclusion as the digital age progresses.

eAccessibility – ensuring access to technologies forpeople with a wide spectrum of disabilities and specialneeds – is a prerequisite for eInclusion. It addresseshow new technologies and services can be used toovercome barriers, compensate or restore individuals’functions and empower in particular older persons andpeople with disabilities to realise their full potential.

New developments in technology provide Europe witha real chance to turn the risk of adigital divide into ‘digital cohesion’and ‘digital opportunities’ acrossthe Union, and so bring the bene-fits of a knowledge-based societyto all segments of the population.

> Challenges for eInclusion

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The Lisbon Council in 2000 agreed to make a decisiveimpact on the eradication of poverty and social exclusion by 2010. Building a more inclusive EuropeanUnion is an essential element in achieving the Union'sten year strategic goal of sustained economic growth,more and better jobs and greater social cohesion.

Member States coordinate their policies for combatingpoverty and social exclusion on the basis of a processof policy exchanges and mutual learning known as theOpen Method of Coordination (OMC). Their NationalAction Plans against poverty and social exclusion setout concrete steps to improve access to ICT and theopportunities new technologies can provide. NewMember States have outlined their key challenges inthe area of eInclusion in their Joint InclusionMemorandum.

From 2006, three policy areas provide the frameworkfor this process:

� Eradicating poverty and socialexclusion.

� Adequate and sustainable pensions in the light of accelerated demographicageing.

� Accessible, high quality andsustainable health and long-term care.

To empower people with disabilities and to facilitate their access to employmentand integration into society, the European DisabilityStrategy and its Action Plan 2004-2010 (EqualOpportunities for People with Disabilities) promotes horizontal attention to disability issues in all EU policies (known as "mainstreaming"). An update of theEU Disability Action Plan was published in November2005 as part of the Communication Situation ofDisabled People in the Enlarged European Union: theEuropean Action Plan 2006-2007.

The European Social Fund (ESF), in particular throughits EQUAL initiative for human resources, tests newways of tackling discrimination and inequality experienced by those in work and those looking for ajob. Supporting the adaptability of firms and employeesto structural economic change and encouraging theuse of information technology and other new technologies is one of its priorities.

The new ESF regulation for 2007-2013,which provides a common frameworkfor ESF interventions throughout theUnion, is more focused than the previous regulation. Under both the'Convergence' and the 'RegionalCompetitiveness and Employment'objectives, the new ESF will providesupport for anticipating and managingeconomic and social change.Interventions will be directed in four keyareas: increasing adaptability of workersand enterprises; enhancing access toemployment and participation in the labourmarket; reinforcing social inclusion by combating discrimination and facilitatingaccess to the labour market for disadvantagedpeople; and promoting partnership forreform in the fields of employment and

inclusion.

Finally, gender inclusion isan important aspect of theinformation society.The EU’s commitment withrespect to economic andsocial empowerment ofwomen in the context of amore widespread use of ICT isreflected in Resolutions fromthe Council (Social and HumanCapital Building) and the

European Parliament (Women in the New InformationSociety).

Further European policies and activities relating togeneral employment and social policies are describedin the Information Society Policy Link brochure onEmployment.

> Inclusion Policy

3

Information and communication technologies (ICT)make a major contribution to social inclusion.Assistive technologies can help compensate for functional deficits and improve the quality of life forpeople with disabilities. Similarly, ICT-based solutionscan help the elderly and those with special needs tolive more independent lives. And by increasing workers’ flexibility and adaptability, ICT can help people from all at-risk groups integrate into the labour market.

eInclusion ('e' standing for electronic) aims to preventthe risks of 'digital exclusion'; in other words to ensurethat disadvantaged people are not left behind and toavoid new forms of exclusion due to lack of digitalliteracy or of internet access. At the same time,eInclusion also means tapping new 'digital opportunities'for the inclusion of socially disadvantaged peopleand less-favoured areas. The information societyhas the potential to distribute knowledge resourcesmore equally and to offernew job opportunities, forinstance by overcoming thetraditional barriers ofmobility and geographicaldistance.

Policy for eInclusion

eInclusion featured prominently in theeEurope initiative.eEurope 2002 set a number of targets oneAccessibility, while under the eEurope2005 Action Plan the emphasis shifted tointegrating accessibility criteria intomainstream goods, services and information flows. Specific eInclusionactions under the eEurope roadmapincluded: the continued follow-up of theaccessibility of public websites,development of a public procurementtoolkit for accessibility, and a Europeancurriculum in design-for-all.Implementation was supported throughthe eAccessibility Expert Group,comprising representatives fromMember States.

The eEurope 2005 Action Plan has now been supersededby the i2010 strategy, which forms the informationsociety component of the renewed Lisbon strategy toboost European competitiveness. Inclusion is one ofthe three pillars of the i2010 initiative, with the aim ofbuilding an information society that is inclusive, provideshigh quality public services and promotes quality of life.

Among many other measures, i2010 proposes tolaunch in 2007 a flagship initiative on IndependentLiving for the Ageing Society, and to work towards aEuropean eInclusion initiative for 2008. Alongside longer term research on eInclusion under the 7thFramework Programme, an initiative on AmbientAssisted Living (AAL) is being jointly proposed by theCommission and certain Member States.

In September 2005 the Commission adopted aCommunication on eAccessibility aimed at mobilisingindustry and the Member States towards Europe-wide

harmonised solutions. TheCommunication advocates the useof a series of policy approachesnot yet widely used in Europe, aswell as the strengthening andcontinuation of several activitiesalready underway. Among othermeasures, it proposes: using publicprocurement contracts toimprove accessibility requirementsin the ICT domain; developing acertification scheme for accessible

ICT products and services; and making better use ofthe ‘eAccessibility potential’ of existing legislation, inparticular the Electronic Communications Framework.

Member States are increasingly active on the eInclusionagenda and gave their backing at a high-level meeting inRiga, Latvia in June 2006, which brought together ministers from 34 European countries.

> eInclusion: Where the Information Society meets Inclusion

4

Information Society Activities

Research and Development

In the Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), relevantresearch was addressed primarily through IST's strategicobjective on eInclusion. This adopted a holistic,multidisciplinary approach, focusing on real world needsand concerns of users in all aspects of their lives.

Research focused on two inter-related aspects: barrier-freetechnologies to make consumer products and systems,including public services, accessible to the widest possiblerange of users and situations; and empowering technologiesthat meet the specific needs of people with disabilitiesand older citizens. In addition, eInclusion aspects ofthe information society were the subject of a specifictask in FP6 Priority 8 (Research for Support to Policies).

Research is undertaken in close cooperation with policy and regulatoryactivities. These include the Inclusion pillar of i2010, the eInclusion horizontaltopic of the eEurope 2005 Action Plan,the work of the CommunicationCommittee on the Telecom LegislationPackage through its InclusiveCommunication sub-group (INCOM),and related standardisation activities.

eInclusion research is tightly related tothe Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) cross-programme theme, which aims to extendthe time during which elderly people canlive independently in their preferredenvironment with the support of ICTs.FP6 support to the AAL theme has provided a bridge to the proposed Article 169 actionon this subject under FP7 (see www.aal169.org).

eInclusion will be an important topic in FP7, whereresearch will address questions such as:

� Understanding the challenge: Socio-economicresearch on the role technology can play in addressing individuals’ and communities' needs.

� Use of ICT to provide relevant content and increaseeSkills: How ICT can be used to provide thecontent needed for improving social capital and citizenship in a democratic society.

� Ensuring equal access and participation: Removal andprevention of technological barriers through theapplication of design-for-all methods and tools, andnew assistive technologies.

� Services and tools to foster the inclusion process: How can ICT facilitate and support the work ofprofessionals for training and counselling, capacity building, andsupport informal carers, family andmediators.

� Horizontal issues: Such as identificationof ICT policies to be used as examplesof good practice, benchmarking andindicators, and cooperation acrossMember States and internationally.

Other Activities

The eTEN Programme is concerned withthe large-scale roll-out of public interest services, primarily in support of the i2010

initiative. In this context, eTENprojects address eInclusion as amain action line. Activities focuson the specific needs of peoplewith disabilities, the elderly andsocially disadvantaged. eInclusion isalso considered in terms of overcoming socio-economic,geographic and cultural barriers, andpreventing risks of digital exclusion.Services include developments in relation to eGovernment, education,employment, new forms of businessand commerce, and delivery of assistivetechnology services.

For the future, and with particular reference to the i2010 strategy, the main such instrument will be the ICT Policy SupportProgramme, which is part of the Competitivenessand Innovation Framework Programme (CIP). With abudget of €728 million, it will stimulate the newconverging markets for electronic networks, mediacontent and digital technologies, test new solutions tospeed up the deployment of electronic services, andsupport modernisation of the European public sector.

In addition, levers like public procurement and standardisation are considered particularly effective for accelerating the deployment of new, inclusive ICT-based solutions. Work here includes commoneAccessibility requirements and conformance testingfor goods and services.

5

As familiarity with ICT becomes a core competence for everyday living, actions arenecessary to ensure that certain groups insociety don’t get left behind.

Policy Context

Ensuring that everyone has the necessary skills,competences, experiences and attitudes to make effective use of ICT is emerging as one of the biggestchallenges to the knowledge society. This goes beyondbasic ICT skills and reflects a person’s ability to useICT for critical thinking, creativity, innovation and otherhigh cognitive skills. Not surprisingly, then, aRecommendation published in November 2005 aspart of the Commission’s lifelong learning policyidentified digital competence as one of eight corecompetences needed by current-day Europeans.

Although Europe enjoys one of the highest levelsof education and has the necessary investmentcapacity, it still lags farbehind its internationalcompetitors in the use ofthe new information andcommunication technologies. It is essential for Europe tointensify its efforts, sothat all Europeans havethe opportunities toacquire the new skillsand knowledge theyneed for personal and professional development, and for active participationin a knowledge-driven society.

Social inclusion emerges as a key issue.There is a need to support and encourage those who would like towork but face some form of disabilityor exclusion barrier to get into the jobmarket. ICT can help tailor and deliverlearning to people regardless of culturalbackground wherever they are athome, at work, in libraries or in community centres. But this must bedone in a way which reduces inequalitiesand provides learning opportunities for all.

Hence, improving digital literacy is a cornerstone ofboth EU education and training policies, and the i2010initiative to boost Europe’s digital economy. Bothcontribute to the renewed Lisbon strategy for growthand jobs. These policies highlight the key role of life-long learning together with innovation and research inthe triangle of knowledge, and the growing need fordigital literacy as an essential competence in the know-ledge society and skills for the workplace. Support fordigital literacy and lifelong learning is also a key focusof a proposed European initiative for eInclusion, underi2010, which is planned for 2008.

Contribution of ICT

ICT can support remote access to the resources ofthe information society, and can deliver interactiveeducational materials to any location. An imaginativeuse of the latest education and cognitive research canprovide services and learning materials for people whohave not been comfortable with traditional methods of

delivery. Various projects fundedby the European Commissionaddress the learning needs of different target groups.

For instance, SEN-IST-NET, an IST-FP5 project, made majorcontributions to practice andpolicy in this field by setting up athematic network on ICT for children, young people and adultswith special educational needs.

The project brought together ICT researchers,practitioners and policy-makers, providing a commonplatform for discussion and debate. Among the resultswere two databases, both now available as part ofSEN-IST-NET's web portal. The Resource Guide featuresarticles in 13 languages on everything from classroompractice to early intervention. More comprehensivearticles are available in the Virtual Library, in English,French and German, together with extensive case studiesof the innovative use of ICT for special needs education.Also active in the policy domain, the project set up aspecial interest group to discuss and follow up recentEU initiatives relating to special needs education.

> Inclusion through Digital Literacy

6

> PROJECT DETAILS

eCIRCUS - Education through Characters with Emotional Intelligence and Role-playing Capabilities that Understand Social Interaction

� ruth@macs.hw.ac.uk • � www.e-circus.org

HERO - Health Promotion and Educational Support for the Rehabilitation of Offenders

� j.cullen@tavinstitute.org

m-learning - Mobile Communications Technologies for Young Adults Learning and Skills Development

� www.m-learning.org

SEN-IST-NET - European Network of Excellence in Information Society Technologies for Special Educational Needs

� jg@european-agency.org • � www.senist.net

Rehabilitation of Offenders through DigitalLearningPrisons are very tough environments for ICT for reasonssuch as access, data protection, social isolation and poormotivation, yet they contain members of target groupswhere social exclusion is highly likely. HERO, a projectunder IST-FP5, focused on the rehabilitation of firstoffenders between 18 and 25 years old (typically awaitingsentence or on remand) and prisoners due for release.

It developed and evaluated two classes of ICT applicationsand services for digital learning. These offer a learningenvironment which empowers first offenders to managetheir health and educational needs, while prisoners duefor release can make preparations for life ‘on the outside’.The educational application is supplemented by skillsauditing and skills assessment tools, which connect userskills profiles with online job opportunities, websites andback-to-work initiatives.

Focusing on data encryption, authentication and datasecurity, HERO delivers services primarily through theinternet and also digital TV to accommodate variabilityin user environments. It was piloted at eight sites inGermany, Greece, Italy and the UK.

Mobile Learning for Young People

Some young adults most in need of education and training have little inclination to engage with conventionallearning locations and processes. m-learning, an IST-FP5 project, investigated the feasibility of deliveringmicro-modules of online learning using devices mostfamiliar to young people: mobile phones, palmtop computers and other personal digital devices.

It targeted disaffected learners, aged 16 to 24, who hadnot succeeded in the education system and in manycases were unemployed or homeless. Using subjectsof interest to them, such as football, music or practicalhelp with health, the learning content was designed todevelop their literacy and numeracy skills. Followingtrials with young adults in Italy, Sweden and the UK,the results are being further developed under nationalprojects.

ICT for Emotional and SocialLearningLearning to interact with and get alongwith others is a key part of a child’sdevelopment. eCIRCUS, a projectunder IST-FP6, is exploring the use ofICT to support social and emotionallearning based on virtual role-play.

A demonstrator called FearNot! has beendeveloped that enables children to explorephysical and relational bullying issues andcoping strategies through interactions withempathic virtual characters. Children interactwith the characters in a variety of scenariosdesigned to explore bullying behaviour.Evaluations have been carried out with over1,000 children to consider how they engagewith and react to the characters and scenarios.

A second demonstrator, known as ORIENT,focuses on refugee children in schools. In thisapplication, child users interact with the on-screen characters in a number of differentways so as to create inter-cultural empathy.

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Research and deployment activities closely support EU policies on eAccessibility andeInclusion.

Policy Context

All citizens have the right to benefit from new opportunities that the information society offers.People with disabilities and older persons sometimesexperience difficulties in accessing these new technologies and services, as some barriers can beinadvertently created by the information society itself.Accessibility problems can also be created by specificenvironment or social conditions. On the other hand,information technologies and services can greatly helpovercome other environmental or social barriersencountered by people with disabilities and olderpersons.

EU efforts for eAccessibility are nowaddressed under the eInclusion pillarof i2010, the European InformationSociety strategy. They build on earlieractions under the eEurope 2002eAccessibility targets as well aswider eInclusion measures underthe eEurope 2005 Action Plan.

To push forward on theeInclusion agenda, inSeptember 2005 theCommission adopted aCommunication aimed atimproving coordination between eAccessibility initiatives in the Member States.The Communication advocates the useof a series of policy approaches not yetwidely used in Europe, as well as strengthening and continuing severalactivities that are already underway.

The Member States are urged to makeuse of three policy levers available tothem by:

� Using public procurement contractsto improve accessibility requirementsin the ICT domain.

� Exploring the possible benefits ofcertification schemes for accessibleproducts and services. and

� Making better use of the“eAccessibility potential” of existinglegislation.

The Communication recommends the continuation of various activities at EU level. These include: thedevelopment, implementation and use of eAccessibilityrequirements and standards; promotion and take-up ofthe Design-for-All concept; web accessibility of onlinepublic services; and setting targets to benchmarkaccessibility and monitor progress so as to haveEuropean data comparable across Member States.

Following the Communication, a study was launched toidentify measures that have a significant positive impacton eAccessibility to support the CommunityeAccessibility strategy. It will assess the situation inEurope and measure the evolution and the impact ofEuropean measures.

Support for eAccessibility Policies

The Communication emphasizes thatresearch remains a key instrument forinvestigating new technological solutionsto address the needs of the elderly andpeople with disabilities. It is a fundamentalelement on the road towards an accessibleinformation society for all.

Setting the agenda for this scientific workis critical. It is necessary to bring togethera wide range of expertise so as toensure that policies are well informedand take into account the latest technological developments.eINCLUSION@EU, an IST-FP6 project, helped fulfil this role. Runninguntil mid-2006, the project gave scientific

support to the European Union's eInclusion policies.It studied innovative ways to reach out to those whoare excluded and could benefit from closer contactwith computers as tools. The strategies developedfocused both on non-discrimination (eInclusion) and on helping those who have physical difficulties accessingservices (eAccessibility).

The project’s key conclusion was that a better theoreticaland operational framework is needed to measureeInclusion accurately. Today's monitoring approaches largely lack indicators directed towards monitoringeInclusion-related impacts. To further promote eInclusionpolicy, a Europe-wide monitoring approach is neededwhich not only considers users and non-users but also distinguishes different categories of users. Such anapproach should address both the demand side and thesupply side of ICT goods and services. The project alsoput forward numerous recommendations for innovativeand practicable policy strategies and implementation measures with realistic goals.

> Pushing Back the Boundaries in eAccessibility

8

A European Approach to Web AccessibilityThe Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) guidelines, createdby the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) provide avoluntary code on the design and structuring of websites.These have been widely endorsed by industry, research,governments and disability organisations and have beenpromoted under the eEurope Action Plan.

Implementation of the WAI was initially supportedthrough IST-FP5 projects, including WAI-TIES. UnderFP6 these activities have been continued through theWeb Accessibility Benchmarking (WAB) Cluster, a groupingof three research projects focusing on a harmonizedEuropean methodology, based on W3C/WAI, for evaluationand benchmarking of websites.

Support-EAM proposed a quality mark to assess the accessibility of web sites against the W3C/WAI recommendations, a key target under the eEurope 2005Action Plan. The resulting specification was published in2006 as CEN Workshop Agreement No 15554 on"Specifications for a Web Accessibility Conformity AssessmentScheme and a Web Accessibility Quality Mark".

The EIAO project is establishing the technical basis fora European Internet Accessibility Observatory. Data onthe accessibility of European websites will be collectedautomatically, frequently updated and made availableonline from a data warehouse. Better information onweb accessibility metrics and deviations from standardswill provide a basis for policymaking and legislation, raiseawareness of e-accessibility requirements, and provideimportant inputs for the development of new standards

A third project, BenToWeb focused on productiontest suites for new evaluation modules and tools thatsatisfy some of the WAI recommendations and whichwere difficult to automate.

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> PROJECT DETAILS

BENTOWEB - Benchmarking Tools for the Web

� bika@fit.fraunhofer.de • � http://bentoweb.org/

EIAO - European Internet Accessibility Observatory

� mikael.snaprud@hia.no • � www.eiao.net/organisation

eINCLUSION@EU - Strengthening eInclusion and eAccessibility across Europe

� www.einclusion-eu.org

Support-EAM - Supporting the Creation of an eAccessibility Mark

� dominique.burger@snv.jussieu.fr. • � www.support-eam.org

WAB - Web Accessibility Benchmarking

� info@accessibility.nl • � www.wabcluster.org

WAI-TIES - Web Accessibility Initiative:Training, Implementation, Evaluation and Support

� danield@w3.org • � www.w3.org/WAI/TIES

European policies for eInclusion place a highpriority on enhancing the quality of life of olderpeople and enabling them to remain activemembers of society and the workforce.

Policy Context

Europe is today facing unprecedented demographicchange. A combination of increasing average life expectancy and decreasing birth rate means that theEU population is ageing and, looking at long-term projections, this process is set to accelerate in thefuture.

These changes have enormous economic and socialimplications. While the number of older people isgrowing, the share of those of working age is decreasing, putting increasing strain on labour markets, pension systems and social care.Healthcare and social care systemshave to cope with an increasing proportion of the population affectedby disabilities or chronic illnesses.But demographic change alsooffers new opportunities.Patterns of needs and demandswill increasingly be determinedby the elderly, opening up majornew markets for ICT-basedproducts and services.

Ageing touches on many different policy areas, includinginfrastructure, housing,education and training,social support, publichealth, special needs and healthcare.A comprehensive approach to the ageingchallenge requires interfaces to be builtbetween these different policy domains.

Promoting active ageing is at the coreof the European Employment Strategy(EES), which coordinates the employmentpolicies of the Member States.The Integrated Guidelines for growthand jobs (2005-2008) have sharpenedthe focus on attracting and retainingmore older people in employment.Potential measures include better workingconditions, more lifelong learning, ahealthier work environment and adequate incentives to work, and discouraging early retirement.

For the first time, the guidelines emphasise the need tomodernise social protection systems to support longerworking lives. To back up the EES, active ageing isincreasingly supported by the European Social Fund(ESF) and will remain a priority in the 2007-2013 programming period.

Building an inclusive society is a key pillar of the i2010strategy, the digital economy component of the Lisbonagenda. Among many other measures, i2010 proposesto launch a flagship initiative on Independent Living forthe Ageing Society in 2007, and to work towards aEuropean eInclusion initiative for 2008. Alongside longer term research into ICT for Ageing under the7th Framework Programme, an initiative on AmbientAssisted Living (AAL) is being jointly proposed by the Commission and certain Member States.Together these initiatives promise to play a major rolein overcoming barriers to innovation and accelerating

developments in this emerging globalmarket.

Member States gave their backing to theinclusion agenda at a high-level meetingin Riga, Latvia in June 2006, whichbrought together ministers from 34European countries. To address theneeds of older workers and elderly people, ministers agreed to work togetherto: stimulate the market for ICT servicesand products for the elderly; developinnovative ICT solutions to help olderpeople stay in work longer and improvetheir work-life balance; and use ICT toenhance older people’s active participationin the economy and society.

By implementing their Riga undertakings, Europeancountries will take a big step towards makingeInclusion a reality.

Understanding the Needs of Older People

ICT can achieve a great deal to enhance the independenceand improve the quality of life of older people.Various medical conditions that in the past have proved extremely limiting may be relieved by an innovative use of ICT, reducing older people’s relianceon carers or institutional care. ICT will enhance olderpeople’s safety and security and provide them withaccess to social, medical and emergency services.And ICT will allow the elderly to maintain socialcontacts and remain active members of society and theworkforce.

> Independent Living for an Ageing Population

10

> PROJECT DETAILS

HEALTHSERVICE24 - Continuous Mobile Services for Healthcare

� info@healthservice24.com • � www.healthservice24.com

PARKSERVICE - A Telematics Application for People with Parkinson’s Disease

� reynold.greenlaw@oxfordcc.co.uk • � www.parkservice.biz

SENIORITY - Seniority

� tomascid@aetic.es • � www.eu-seniority.com

SENIORWATCH - European Senior Watch Observatory and Inventory

� seniorwatch@empirica.com • � www.seniorwatch.de

Until recently, the ICT market has concentrated onservices and products for young people and workers.We do not, therefore, really know much about theapplications that older citizens need or want.Some highly innovative market investigations are necessary to establish the products, the markets andthe best ways to tackle those markets.

SENIORWATCH, a project under IST-FP5, addressedthe need to better understand and monitor the marketdynamics of ICT-based applications and services forolder and older-disabled citizens. A comprehensiveseries of reports was produced covering many aspectsof this evolving market. These outputs are helping todefine European policies towards small- and medium-sized enterprises, industry development, and design-for-all ICT applications and services.

Continuous Mobile Services for Healthcare

Certain conditions, although not life-threatening, areextremely restrictive, requiring patients to be constantlyin touch with medical services for check-ups.HealthService24, an eTEN project, is validating a newplatform for continuous mobile patient monitoring.It builds on the initial work of the FP5 project MobiHealth.A user is equipped with sensors interconnected under abody area network (BAN) managed by a PDA or amobile telephone. The measurements are transmitted wirelessly via the mobile phone network either to amedical service centre or directly to medical professionals.

At the service centre, an individual’s body data can beanalysed immediately and personalised feedback made topatients in real-time (e.g. through alarms or reminders).Healthcare professionals can assess, diagnose and treatpatients remotely, and in the event of rapidly deterioratingmedical conditions the data centre can also send anSMS-alarm or provide the patient with a first-level medicalsupport.

Excellence in Residential Care

Residential care homes play a key rolein providing care for older people,either as a full service or throughassisted living. Until now, the qualityregime in such establishments has beenadministered mainly through licensing.To improve on today’s static standards-based approaches, eTEN projectSENIORITY used ICT to deliver qualitymodels for the European care sectorunder a pay-per-use basis. The quality system is based on the EuropeanFoundation for Quality Management (EFQM),a well accepted quality management modelused throughout the public and private sectors.

Coping with Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is an incurable,progressive neurological disorder affecting 2% of the over-80 population. People with PDquickly become excluded due to disabling symptoms such as low mobility, speech disorders,periods of near paralysis (“freezing”) and lack ofconfidence. ParkService, an eTEN project, isvalidating new ICT-based services to support peoplewith PD and their carers. Its most prominent featureis INDIGO, a mobility aid wearable as a pair of glassesconnected to a small electronic box. Developedunder an earlier IST project, PARREHA, INDIGO canachieve startling results, allowing certain people tobreak out of freezing and walk almost normally.

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Information Society and Inclusion: Linking European Policies

Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities

2006 — 15 pp — 21.0 x 29.7cm

ISBN 92-79-02631-3

Further Information

Information Society Policy Link initiativeCoordinator: Eoghan O’Neille-mail: infso-is-policy-link@ec.europa.euhttp://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/policy_link

DG Employment, Social Affairs and Equal OpportunitiesDetlef Gerhardt, detlef.gerhardt@ec.europa.euhttp://ec.europa.eu/employment_social/social_inclusion

DG Information Society and Mediaeinclusion@ec.europa.euhttp://ec.europa.eu/information_society/einclusion

Europe’s Information Society: Thematic Portalhttp://ec.europa.eu/information_society/

KK

-76-06-221-EN-C