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Transcript of alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet...
LESSON 3- NOTES AND RESTS BECOME
RHYTHMS
1middot NOTES AND RESTS
We write the durations of the sounds with the notes and the durations of the silences with rests
These are the most common notes
Semibreve Whole note
Minim Half note
Crotchet Quarter
note
Quaver Eighth note
Semiquaver Sixteenth
note
Notes o J ~ jJ ~
Rests --shy --shy t i iexcl and rests
We can write two or more quavers together with a horizontalline (a beam)
We can do the same with the semiquavers but with two beams
llote that every note is different the minim is a semibreve with a stem the crotchet is a black minim the quaver is a crotchet with a flag and the semiquaver is a quaver with two flags
The semibreve rest goes below the fourth line and the minim rest goes above the third line The other rests go in the middle of the staff
We write rhythms combining different notes and rests
The beat is the unit of time in music Its a regular unit that we find in every rhythm what you follow tapping your foot on the floor when you listen to a songo
The beat is similar to our heartbeat our footsteps a dock ticking
bull Time values
The notes and rests dont have a fixed duration
The duration is relative
A semibreve lasts twice a minim beca use a minim lasts half a semibreve and so on
o
J J j ~ ~ ~
jJ jJ jJ jJ jJ jJ jJ jJ
~~ ~ J ~~ ~~ J J ~~ ~ J ~ J ~ ~ J J
LISTEN PlAY CREATE - 1
Activity 1- Complete these statements
A crotchet lasts the same as two _________
Four semiquavers last the same as one _______
Two quavers last the same as one _________
Four semiquavers last the same as two _______
Four crotchets last the same as two ________
Activity 2- FifI in the chart
Time values if a crotchet Note and description Rest and description Two names
is one beato
-Its under the fourth line
t
12
Half a beat
~ - ~~ One has two flags Two or
more have two beams
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bull bull
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bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull
bull bull
bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull
bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull
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bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull
Activity 3- Join and write the notes by their names
semibreve 2 semiquavers
bullmiddotminim 2 quavers
middotcrotchet 2 crotchets
bull quaver 2 minim rests bullbullbull semibreve rest 2 minims bull
bullmiddotsemibreve 4 quavers bullbullbullmiddotminim 4 crotchets bullbullbullmiddotcrotchet 4 crotchet rests bullbullbullmiddotsemibreve rest 4 quaver rests
bullmiddotminim rest 4 semiquavers bull
1 crotchet 8 semiquavers
1 minim 2 quavers
1 minim rest and two 1 semibreve
crotchet rests
1 quaver 2 semiquavers
semibreve rest 4 crotchets bull
o ~
)J --shy
J --- bull
j ~
~~ I
G
------
2- DOL TIE AND FERMATA
Dots ties and fermatas inerease the duration of the notes and rests
a) A dot after a note or rest inereases the duration by half of its value 115 the same as summing the note and the next note
A dotted semibreve is like a semibreve plus a minim
omiddot o +J A dotted minim is like a minim plus a erotehet
J+J A dotted erotehet is like a erotehet plus a quaver
J=J+j) A dotted quaver is like a quaver plus a semiquaver
j) = j)+ ~
b) A tie is a eurved line that joins the heads of two notes The notes can have different values but the piteh has to be the same beeause you dont play the second note and you sum the two values
d d J+J e) The fermata over a note or rest inereases its duration as mueh as the player decides usually twiee its value
(
el~J
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
Activity 4- Fiff in the chart The beat is the crotchet
Note
A dotted semibreve
A dotted minim
A dotted crotchet
A dotted quaver -
Sum
Semibreve plus minim
Beats
4+2=6
Activity 5- Write the dotted note values Draw three ties and write the time vafues
i J J 1 J fj J I]J ~ 11 n 1 J - 1I1 -
G
--
CREATE - r
3- READING RHYTHMS
We can read the notes with these syllables
j
n 1m
J j
n 1m
o
j
n 1m
J j
n 1m
Ta - a - a - a
Ta - a Ta - a
Ta Ta Ta Ta
Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute
Ti ritiacute ri Ti ritiacute ri Tiritiacuteri Tiritiacuteri
Dotted notes Rests
- Dotted minim ta a a (three crotchets) - Semibreve rest 1 234 - Dotted crotchet and a quaver ta y ti - Minim rest 1 2
- Crotchet rest 1 - Quaver rest y
Quavers and semiquavers
- Two semiquavers and a quaver tiri-ti - A quaver and two semiquavers ti-tiri
We can say anything we want for example the names of villages
BEL VIacuteS
AL CAU DE TE
NA VA DE RI CO MA LI LLO
TA I LA VE I RA TA I LA VEIRA TA I LA VE IRA TA I LA VEIRA
More examples
Caacutediz (2 minims) Barcelona (4 crotchets) Alicante Alicante (8 quavers) Zaragoza four times (16 semiquavers)
We can also rea d the notes with our body
1 semibreve make a complete turn shy2 minims tap your feet 4 crotchets clap four times 8 quavers snap your fingers 8 times 16 Semiquavers tap your thighs 16 times -
~-We can do a canon afterwards accompany a song and combine the movements in 4-beat patterns
~ -
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 6- Work with your partner 1 the beat is a crotchet make up a combination 04 beats choosing one o these possibilities
You can pick
- 4 cells of beats (1+1+1+1) or -1 cell oftwo beats and two cells of 1 beat (2+1+1) or -1 cell ofthree beats and 1 (3+1)
Before starting write the notes and rests by their na mes
1 beat
1 crotchet 2 crotchet rest
9
2 beats
a minima minim rest
3 beats
quaver and a quaver rest
3 2 quavers 4
a quaver rest and a quaver
11
a dotted minim
a dotted minim rest
5
quaver and 2 semiquashyvers
2 semiquavers and a quaver
6
2 semiquavers and a quaver rest
a quaver rest and 2 sem iq uavers
10
a dotted crotchet and a quaver
a quaver and a dotshyted crotchet
7 dotted quaver and semiquaver
8 4 semiquavers
Your four beats
After rehearsing the different cells with all the class practice in pairs your combination of four beats with body percussion or with a percussion instrumentoAsk your teacher if you have doubts
Then play it and other couple has to find out your combination of cells-Write here the combinations of your partners to be ready if you have to answer (you just have to write---h the numbers oftheir cells)--- Activity 7- Chinese whispers
~
Split in two rows The first player in every row is going to receive a 4-beat rhythm on his back He has to- pass the message through the row until the last one announces the rhythm to the entire group If he is right his line wins If any row is right we play again -
Activity 8- Mirror o rhythms
Work in pairs Make up a 4-beat rhythm again Play it and ask a couple to repeat it It they play it right they win a point and play their rhythm asking another couple and so on
------
3 -= LISTEN PLAY CREATE - 1
4- WRITING RHYTHMS WITH BARS
The measures or bars divide the rhythms in groups of two three or four beats
The bar lines divide those groups --== The first beat in every bar is stronger than the others Thats called an accent or stress ~
We indicate the kind of bar at the beginning of a score right after the clef with two numbers one above the other That s the time signature
A) The upper number indicates if every bar has 23 or 4 beats (duple meter triple meter or quadruple meter) l bull Number 2 its a duple meter with two beats The accent is the first beato
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 JiexclI
Car-men A- na Car-Ios Lau-ra Mar-ta
lt lt lt lt lt
Marches and some dances use duple meter
bull Number 3 Its a triple meter with three beats The accent is the first beat ~
1 2 3 123 1 2 3 ~
Coacuter-do-ba Maacute-Ia-ga Sa-tu r-day
lt lt lt
Waltzes and lullabies use this meter
bull Number 4 Its a quadruple meter with four beats Its almost like two duple meters There are two
accents the first and the third beats but the third one is not as strong as the first one
Cat-chy rhy-thm 1 2 3 4 lt lt
c Most of pop-rock songs and electronic music use this meter
E B) The bottom number indicates the note that gets one beat (The crotchet is not always the beat)
- Number 4 The beat is the crotchet (there are 4 quarter notes in a whole) - Number 2 The beat is the minim (there are 2 half notes in a whole) - Number 8 The beat is the quaver (there are 8 eighth notes in a whole)
Activiacutety 9- Identify the sentence with a triple meter Cirele the accents
Es-te pe-rro tie-ne pul-gas
E-sa ca-sa tie-ne pla n-tas
Ven-te conmi-go que lIe-go muy tar-de
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning
--- ---shy---shy-----
Time signature Meaning
34
44
24
38
22
32
28
There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets
There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets
There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets
There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims
There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims
There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers
There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers
Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter
Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga
Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes
Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da
Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis
Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)
Mar-ta
lt
Anacrusis
Da vid Da vid Da vid Da
lt lt lt
Maacute-ni-ca
lt - -
Anacrusis
Noe-lia Noe-lia No
lt lt -
Ma-ri Car-men
lt - lt
J o-se Ca r-Ios
lt - lt
- o-iexcliexcl
~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i
-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the
~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_
- B duple or triple seore _
- C duple or triple seore _
- D duple or triple seore _
Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis
1 May it be (Enya)
A I~ -shy~
~ ~
fI 7r
a- _
I
-- bull
bull d
-I-J -- bull
I iquest-
2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)
How m3 - ny roads
f
tJ
lUust
4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -
-amp
3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)
- U -
f
U
-
-
- - -
4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)
fI
--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l
amp-l - - ~
-lt-- ~ ---1
~
- ampQ
~
_ ~
~
~
iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -
middot middot U
Lshy fI
middot middot shy
c
Activity 14- Write the bar fines
aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull
~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl
~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I
Activity 15- Complete all the bars
-111 s ~ ~~
LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a
Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars
24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl
34
44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ
--
----
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO
Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want
The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy
largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)
Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)
Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)
Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)
Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)
The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation
If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations
Accelerando or accel=gradually faster
Ritardando or rito =gradually slower
6- REPETITION MARKS
When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks
The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line
- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl
~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I
- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~
e-shy
~
=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy
-~ -
-----
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time
bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235
l I 2
l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~
Activity 17- Guess the tempo
Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo
The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works
Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate
- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio
---
- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -
-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -
--shyG
-----------
----
-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl
~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _
Can-Can Jacques Offenbach
Allegro Il - ~ I-c
u 4shy
Il
-
~ lt)
-u 4shy
-
e
Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach
---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature
-
Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where
Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different
-shy-shy ~ -Ia-
-Which is this new tempo
-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy
--
---
---
--
== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS
== -
--
-== ----
-
Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above
- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult
Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different
rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~
---shy
--
----
-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =
Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==
Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum
and when you count 3 play the snare drum
- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4
- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3
When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom
== A human drum kit
You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit
- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)
This is the result
-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4
-
PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -
PAM (hands) - - - -
CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -
~
Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo
Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones
~
httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
REVIEW ACTIVITIES
Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet
- A dotted semibreve
- A dotted crotehet
- A quaver
- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie
- A dotted minim
Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning
Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse
Rhythm Its the speed of the music
Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests
Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests
Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes
a) The metronome indieates the time signature
b) A tie can join a mi with a fa
e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato
d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative
Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis
Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do
I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I
Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures
24
38
22
44
00
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
LISTEN PlAY CREATE - 1
Activity 1- Complete these statements
A crotchet lasts the same as two _________
Four semiquavers last the same as one _______
Two quavers last the same as one _________
Four semiquavers last the same as two _______
Four crotchets last the same as two ________
Activity 2- FifI in the chart
Time values if a crotchet Note and description Rest and description Two names
is one beato
-Its under the fourth line
t
12
Half a beat
~ - ~~ One has two flags Two or
more have two beams
bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull
bull bull
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bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull
Activity 3- Join and write the notes by their names
semibreve 2 semiquavers
bullmiddotminim 2 quavers
middotcrotchet 2 crotchets
bull quaver 2 minim rests bullbullbull semibreve rest 2 minims bull
bullmiddotsemibreve 4 quavers bullbullbullmiddotminim 4 crotchets bullbullbullmiddotcrotchet 4 crotchet rests bullbullbullmiddotsemibreve rest 4 quaver rests
bullmiddotminim rest 4 semiquavers bull
1 crotchet 8 semiquavers
1 minim 2 quavers
1 minim rest and two 1 semibreve
crotchet rests
1 quaver 2 semiquavers
semibreve rest 4 crotchets bull
o ~
)J --shy
J --- bull
j ~
~~ I
G
------
2- DOL TIE AND FERMATA
Dots ties and fermatas inerease the duration of the notes and rests
a) A dot after a note or rest inereases the duration by half of its value 115 the same as summing the note and the next note
A dotted semibreve is like a semibreve plus a minim
omiddot o +J A dotted minim is like a minim plus a erotehet
J+J A dotted erotehet is like a erotehet plus a quaver
J=J+j) A dotted quaver is like a quaver plus a semiquaver
j) = j)+ ~
b) A tie is a eurved line that joins the heads of two notes The notes can have different values but the piteh has to be the same beeause you dont play the second note and you sum the two values
d d J+J e) The fermata over a note or rest inereases its duration as mueh as the player decides usually twiee its value
(
el~J
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
Activity 4- Fiff in the chart The beat is the crotchet
Note
A dotted semibreve
A dotted minim
A dotted crotchet
A dotted quaver -
Sum
Semibreve plus minim
Beats
4+2=6
Activity 5- Write the dotted note values Draw three ties and write the time vafues
i J J 1 J fj J I]J ~ 11 n 1 J - 1I1 -
G
--
CREATE - r
3- READING RHYTHMS
We can read the notes with these syllables
j
n 1m
J j
n 1m
o
j
n 1m
J j
n 1m
Ta - a - a - a
Ta - a Ta - a
Ta Ta Ta Ta
Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute
Ti ritiacute ri Ti ritiacute ri Tiritiacuteri Tiritiacuteri
Dotted notes Rests
- Dotted minim ta a a (three crotchets) - Semibreve rest 1 234 - Dotted crotchet and a quaver ta y ti - Minim rest 1 2
- Crotchet rest 1 - Quaver rest y
Quavers and semiquavers
- Two semiquavers and a quaver tiri-ti - A quaver and two semiquavers ti-tiri
We can say anything we want for example the names of villages
BEL VIacuteS
AL CAU DE TE
NA VA DE RI CO MA LI LLO
TA I LA VE I RA TA I LA VEIRA TA I LA VE IRA TA I LA VEIRA
More examples
Caacutediz (2 minims) Barcelona (4 crotchets) Alicante Alicante (8 quavers) Zaragoza four times (16 semiquavers)
We can also rea d the notes with our body
1 semibreve make a complete turn shy2 minims tap your feet 4 crotchets clap four times 8 quavers snap your fingers 8 times 16 Semiquavers tap your thighs 16 times -
~-We can do a canon afterwards accompany a song and combine the movements in 4-beat patterns
~ -
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 6- Work with your partner 1 the beat is a crotchet make up a combination 04 beats choosing one o these possibilities
You can pick
- 4 cells of beats (1+1+1+1) or -1 cell oftwo beats and two cells of 1 beat (2+1+1) or -1 cell ofthree beats and 1 (3+1)
Before starting write the notes and rests by their na mes
1 beat
1 crotchet 2 crotchet rest
9
2 beats
a minima minim rest
3 beats
quaver and a quaver rest
3 2 quavers 4
a quaver rest and a quaver
11
a dotted minim
a dotted minim rest
5
quaver and 2 semiquashyvers
2 semiquavers and a quaver
6
2 semiquavers and a quaver rest
a quaver rest and 2 sem iq uavers
10
a dotted crotchet and a quaver
a quaver and a dotshyted crotchet
7 dotted quaver and semiquaver
8 4 semiquavers
Your four beats
After rehearsing the different cells with all the class practice in pairs your combination of four beats with body percussion or with a percussion instrumentoAsk your teacher if you have doubts
Then play it and other couple has to find out your combination of cells-Write here the combinations of your partners to be ready if you have to answer (you just have to write---h the numbers oftheir cells)--- Activity 7- Chinese whispers
~
Split in two rows The first player in every row is going to receive a 4-beat rhythm on his back He has to- pass the message through the row until the last one announces the rhythm to the entire group If he is right his line wins If any row is right we play again -
Activity 8- Mirror o rhythms
Work in pairs Make up a 4-beat rhythm again Play it and ask a couple to repeat it It they play it right they win a point and play their rhythm asking another couple and so on
------
3 -= LISTEN PLAY CREATE - 1
4- WRITING RHYTHMS WITH BARS
The measures or bars divide the rhythms in groups of two three or four beats
The bar lines divide those groups --== The first beat in every bar is stronger than the others Thats called an accent or stress ~
We indicate the kind of bar at the beginning of a score right after the clef with two numbers one above the other That s the time signature
A) The upper number indicates if every bar has 23 or 4 beats (duple meter triple meter or quadruple meter) l bull Number 2 its a duple meter with two beats The accent is the first beato
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 JiexclI
Car-men A- na Car-Ios Lau-ra Mar-ta
lt lt lt lt lt
Marches and some dances use duple meter
bull Number 3 Its a triple meter with three beats The accent is the first beat ~
1 2 3 123 1 2 3 ~
Coacuter-do-ba Maacute-Ia-ga Sa-tu r-day
lt lt lt
Waltzes and lullabies use this meter
bull Number 4 Its a quadruple meter with four beats Its almost like two duple meters There are two
accents the first and the third beats but the third one is not as strong as the first one
Cat-chy rhy-thm 1 2 3 4 lt lt
c Most of pop-rock songs and electronic music use this meter
E B) The bottom number indicates the note that gets one beat (The crotchet is not always the beat)
- Number 4 The beat is the crotchet (there are 4 quarter notes in a whole) - Number 2 The beat is the minim (there are 2 half notes in a whole) - Number 8 The beat is the quaver (there are 8 eighth notes in a whole)
Activiacutety 9- Identify the sentence with a triple meter Cirele the accents
Es-te pe-rro tie-ne pul-gas
E-sa ca-sa tie-ne pla n-tas
Ven-te conmi-go que lIe-go muy tar-de
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning
--- ---shy---shy-----
Time signature Meaning
34
44
24
38
22
32
28
There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets
There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets
There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets
There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims
There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims
There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers
There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers
Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter
Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga
Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes
Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da
Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis
Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)
Mar-ta
lt
Anacrusis
Da vid Da vid Da vid Da
lt lt lt
Maacute-ni-ca
lt - -
Anacrusis
Noe-lia Noe-lia No
lt lt -
Ma-ri Car-men
lt - lt
J o-se Ca r-Ios
lt - lt
- o-iexcliexcl
~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i
-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the
~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_
- B duple or triple seore _
- C duple or triple seore _
- D duple or triple seore _
Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis
1 May it be (Enya)
A I~ -shy~
~ ~
fI 7r
a- _
I
-- bull
bull d
-I-J -- bull
I iquest-
2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)
How m3 - ny roads
f
tJ
lUust
4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -
-amp
3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)
- U -
f
U
-
-
- - -
4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)
fI
--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l
amp-l - - ~
-lt-- ~ ---1
~
- ampQ
~
_ ~
~
~
iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -
middot middot U
Lshy fI
middot middot shy
c
Activity 14- Write the bar fines
aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull
~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl
~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I
Activity 15- Complete all the bars
-111 s ~ ~~
LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a
Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars
24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl
34
44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ
--
----
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO
Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want
The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy
largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)
Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)
Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)
Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)
Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)
The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation
If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations
Accelerando or accel=gradually faster
Ritardando or rito =gradually slower
6- REPETITION MARKS
When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks
The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line
- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl
~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I
- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~
e-shy
~
=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy
-~ -
-----
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time
bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235
l I 2
l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~
Activity 17- Guess the tempo
Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo
The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works
Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate
- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio
---
- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -
-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -
--shyG
-----------
----
-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl
~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _
Can-Can Jacques Offenbach
Allegro Il - ~ I-c
u 4shy
Il
-
~ lt)
-u 4shy
-
e
Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach
---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature
-
Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where
Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different
-shy-shy ~ -Ia-
-Which is this new tempo
-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy
--
---
---
--
== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS
== -
--
-== ----
-
Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above
- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult
Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different
rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~
---shy
--
----
-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =
Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==
Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum
and when you count 3 play the snare drum
- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4
- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3
When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom
== A human drum kit
You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit
- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)
This is the result
-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4
-
PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -
PAM (hands) - - - -
CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -
~
Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo
Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones
~
httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
REVIEW ACTIVITIES
Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet
- A dotted semibreve
- A dotted crotehet
- A quaver
- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie
- A dotted minim
Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning
Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse
Rhythm Its the speed of the music
Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests
Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests
Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes
a) The metronome indieates the time signature
b) A tie can join a mi with a fa
e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato
d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative
Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis
Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do
I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I
Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures
24
38
22
44
00
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
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Activity 3- Join and write the notes by their names
semibreve 2 semiquavers
bullmiddotminim 2 quavers
middotcrotchet 2 crotchets
bull quaver 2 minim rests bullbullbull semibreve rest 2 minims bull
bullmiddotsemibreve 4 quavers bullbullbullmiddotminim 4 crotchets bullbullbullmiddotcrotchet 4 crotchet rests bullbullbullmiddotsemibreve rest 4 quaver rests
bullmiddotminim rest 4 semiquavers bull
1 crotchet 8 semiquavers
1 minim 2 quavers
1 minim rest and two 1 semibreve
crotchet rests
1 quaver 2 semiquavers
semibreve rest 4 crotchets bull
o ~
)J --shy
J --- bull
j ~
~~ I
G
------
2- DOL TIE AND FERMATA
Dots ties and fermatas inerease the duration of the notes and rests
a) A dot after a note or rest inereases the duration by half of its value 115 the same as summing the note and the next note
A dotted semibreve is like a semibreve plus a minim
omiddot o +J A dotted minim is like a minim plus a erotehet
J+J A dotted erotehet is like a erotehet plus a quaver
J=J+j) A dotted quaver is like a quaver plus a semiquaver
j) = j)+ ~
b) A tie is a eurved line that joins the heads of two notes The notes can have different values but the piteh has to be the same beeause you dont play the second note and you sum the two values
d d J+J e) The fermata over a note or rest inereases its duration as mueh as the player decides usually twiee its value
(
el~J
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
Activity 4- Fiff in the chart The beat is the crotchet
Note
A dotted semibreve
A dotted minim
A dotted crotchet
A dotted quaver -
Sum
Semibreve plus minim
Beats
4+2=6
Activity 5- Write the dotted note values Draw three ties and write the time vafues
i J J 1 J fj J I]J ~ 11 n 1 J - 1I1 -
G
--
CREATE - r
3- READING RHYTHMS
We can read the notes with these syllables
j
n 1m
J j
n 1m
o
j
n 1m
J j
n 1m
Ta - a - a - a
Ta - a Ta - a
Ta Ta Ta Ta
Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute
Ti ritiacute ri Ti ritiacute ri Tiritiacuteri Tiritiacuteri
Dotted notes Rests
- Dotted minim ta a a (three crotchets) - Semibreve rest 1 234 - Dotted crotchet and a quaver ta y ti - Minim rest 1 2
- Crotchet rest 1 - Quaver rest y
Quavers and semiquavers
- Two semiquavers and a quaver tiri-ti - A quaver and two semiquavers ti-tiri
We can say anything we want for example the names of villages
BEL VIacuteS
AL CAU DE TE
NA VA DE RI CO MA LI LLO
TA I LA VE I RA TA I LA VEIRA TA I LA VE IRA TA I LA VEIRA
More examples
Caacutediz (2 minims) Barcelona (4 crotchets) Alicante Alicante (8 quavers) Zaragoza four times (16 semiquavers)
We can also rea d the notes with our body
1 semibreve make a complete turn shy2 minims tap your feet 4 crotchets clap four times 8 quavers snap your fingers 8 times 16 Semiquavers tap your thighs 16 times -
~-We can do a canon afterwards accompany a song and combine the movements in 4-beat patterns
~ -
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 6- Work with your partner 1 the beat is a crotchet make up a combination 04 beats choosing one o these possibilities
You can pick
- 4 cells of beats (1+1+1+1) or -1 cell oftwo beats and two cells of 1 beat (2+1+1) or -1 cell ofthree beats and 1 (3+1)
Before starting write the notes and rests by their na mes
1 beat
1 crotchet 2 crotchet rest
9
2 beats
a minima minim rest
3 beats
quaver and a quaver rest
3 2 quavers 4
a quaver rest and a quaver
11
a dotted minim
a dotted minim rest
5
quaver and 2 semiquashyvers
2 semiquavers and a quaver
6
2 semiquavers and a quaver rest
a quaver rest and 2 sem iq uavers
10
a dotted crotchet and a quaver
a quaver and a dotshyted crotchet
7 dotted quaver and semiquaver
8 4 semiquavers
Your four beats
After rehearsing the different cells with all the class practice in pairs your combination of four beats with body percussion or with a percussion instrumentoAsk your teacher if you have doubts
Then play it and other couple has to find out your combination of cells-Write here the combinations of your partners to be ready if you have to answer (you just have to write---h the numbers oftheir cells)--- Activity 7- Chinese whispers
~
Split in two rows The first player in every row is going to receive a 4-beat rhythm on his back He has to- pass the message through the row until the last one announces the rhythm to the entire group If he is right his line wins If any row is right we play again -
Activity 8- Mirror o rhythms
Work in pairs Make up a 4-beat rhythm again Play it and ask a couple to repeat it It they play it right they win a point and play their rhythm asking another couple and so on
------
3 -= LISTEN PLAY CREATE - 1
4- WRITING RHYTHMS WITH BARS
The measures or bars divide the rhythms in groups of two three or four beats
The bar lines divide those groups --== The first beat in every bar is stronger than the others Thats called an accent or stress ~
We indicate the kind of bar at the beginning of a score right after the clef with two numbers one above the other That s the time signature
A) The upper number indicates if every bar has 23 or 4 beats (duple meter triple meter or quadruple meter) l bull Number 2 its a duple meter with two beats The accent is the first beato
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 JiexclI
Car-men A- na Car-Ios Lau-ra Mar-ta
lt lt lt lt lt
Marches and some dances use duple meter
bull Number 3 Its a triple meter with three beats The accent is the first beat ~
1 2 3 123 1 2 3 ~
Coacuter-do-ba Maacute-Ia-ga Sa-tu r-day
lt lt lt
Waltzes and lullabies use this meter
bull Number 4 Its a quadruple meter with four beats Its almost like two duple meters There are two
accents the first and the third beats but the third one is not as strong as the first one
Cat-chy rhy-thm 1 2 3 4 lt lt
c Most of pop-rock songs and electronic music use this meter
E B) The bottom number indicates the note that gets one beat (The crotchet is not always the beat)
- Number 4 The beat is the crotchet (there are 4 quarter notes in a whole) - Number 2 The beat is the minim (there are 2 half notes in a whole) - Number 8 The beat is the quaver (there are 8 eighth notes in a whole)
Activiacutety 9- Identify the sentence with a triple meter Cirele the accents
Es-te pe-rro tie-ne pul-gas
E-sa ca-sa tie-ne pla n-tas
Ven-te conmi-go que lIe-go muy tar-de
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning
--- ---shy---shy-----
Time signature Meaning
34
44
24
38
22
32
28
There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets
There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets
There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets
There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims
There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims
There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers
There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers
Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter
Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga
Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes
Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da
Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis
Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)
Mar-ta
lt
Anacrusis
Da vid Da vid Da vid Da
lt lt lt
Maacute-ni-ca
lt - -
Anacrusis
Noe-lia Noe-lia No
lt lt -
Ma-ri Car-men
lt - lt
J o-se Ca r-Ios
lt - lt
- o-iexcliexcl
~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i
-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the
~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_
- B duple or triple seore _
- C duple or triple seore _
- D duple or triple seore _
Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis
1 May it be (Enya)
A I~ -shy~
~ ~
fI 7r
a- _
I
-- bull
bull d
-I-J -- bull
I iquest-
2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)
How m3 - ny roads
f
tJ
lUust
4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -
-amp
3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)
- U -
f
U
-
-
- - -
4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)
fI
--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l
amp-l - - ~
-lt-- ~ ---1
~
- ampQ
~
_ ~
~
~
iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -
middot middot U
Lshy fI
middot middot shy
c
Activity 14- Write the bar fines
aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull
~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl
~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I
Activity 15- Complete all the bars
-111 s ~ ~~
LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a
Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars
24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl
34
44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ
--
----
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO
Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want
The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy
largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)
Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)
Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)
Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)
Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)
The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation
If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations
Accelerando or accel=gradually faster
Ritardando or rito =gradually slower
6- REPETITION MARKS
When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks
The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line
- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl
~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I
- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~
e-shy
~
=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy
-~ -
-----
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time
bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235
l I 2
l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~
Activity 17- Guess the tempo
Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo
The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works
Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate
- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio
---
- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -
-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -
--shyG
-----------
----
-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl
~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _
Can-Can Jacques Offenbach
Allegro Il - ~ I-c
u 4shy
Il
-
~ lt)
-u 4shy
-
e
Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach
---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature
-
Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where
Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different
-shy-shy ~ -Ia-
-Which is this new tempo
-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy
--
---
---
--
== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS
== -
--
-== ----
-
Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above
- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult
Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different
rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~
---shy
--
----
-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =
Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==
Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum
and when you count 3 play the snare drum
- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4
- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3
When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom
== A human drum kit
You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit
- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)
This is the result
-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4
-
PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -
PAM (hands) - - - -
CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -
~
Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo
Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones
~
httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
REVIEW ACTIVITIES
Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet
- A dotted semibreve
- A dotted crotehet
- A quaver
- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie
- A dotted minim
Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning
Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse
Rhythm Its the speed of the music
Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests
Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests
Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes
a) The metronome indieates the time signature
b) A tie can join a mi with a fa
e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato
d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative
Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis
Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do
I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I
Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures
24
38
22
44
00
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
------
2- DOL TIE AND FERMATA
Dots ties and fermatas inerease the duration of the notes and rests
a) A dot after a note or rest inereases the duration by half of its value 115 the same as summing the note and the next note
A dotted semibreve is like a semibreve plus a minim
omiddot o +J A dotted minim is like a minim plus a erotehet
J+J A dotted erotehet is like a erotehet plus a quaver
J=J+j) A dotted quaver is like a quaver plus a semiquaver
j) = j)+ ~
b) A tie is a eurved line that joins the heads of two notes The notes can have different values but the piteh has to be the same beeause you dont play the second note and you sum the two values
d d J+J e) The fermata over a note or rest inereases its duration as mueh as the player decides usually twiee its value
(
el~J
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
Activity 4- Fiff in the chart The beat is the crotchet
Note
A dotted semibreve
A dotted minim
A dotted crotchet
A dotted quaver -
Sum
Semibreve plus minim
Beats
4+2=6
Activity 5- Write the dotted note values Draw three ties and write the time vafues
i J J 1 J fj J I]J ~ 11 n 1 J - 1I1 -
G
--
CREATE - r
3- READING RHYTHMS
We can read the notes with these syllables
j
n 1m
J j
n 1m
o
j
n 1m
J j
n 1m
Ta - a - a - a
Ta - a Ta - a
Ta Ta Ta Ta
Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute
Ti ritiacute ri Ti ritiacute ri Tiritiacuteri Tiritiacuteri
Dotted notes Rests
- Dotted minim ta a a (three crotchets) - Semibreve rest 1 234 - Dotted crotchet and a quaver ta y ti - Minim rest 1 2
- Crotchet rest 1 - Quaver rest y
Quavers and semiquavers
- Two semiquavers and a quaver tiri-ti - A quaver and two semiquavers ti-tiri
We can say anything we want for example the names of villages
BEL VIacuteS
AL CAU DE TE
NA VA DE RI CO MA LI LLO
TA I LA VE I RA TA I LA VEIRA TA I LA VE IRA TA I LA VEIRA
More examples
Caacutediz (2 minims) Barcelona (4 crotchets) Alicante Alicante (8 quavers) Zaragoza four times (16 semiquavers)
We can also rea d the notes with our body
1 semibreve make a complete turn shy2 minims tap your feet 4 crotchets clap four times 8 quavers snap your fingers 8 times 16 Semiquavers tap your thighs 16 times -
~-We can do a canon afterwards accompany a song and combine the movements in 4-beat patterns
~ -
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 6- Work with your partner 1 the beat is a crotchet make up a combination 04 beats choosing one o these possibilities
You can pick
- 4 cells of beats (1+1+1+1) or -1 cell oftwo beats and two cells of 1 beat (2+1+1) or -1 cell ofthree beats and 1 (3+1)
Before starting write the notes and rests by their na mes
1 beat
1 crotchet 2 crotchet rest
9
2 beats
a minima minim rest
3 beats
quaver and a quaver rest
3 2 quavers 4
a quaver rest and a quaver
11
a dotted minim
a dotted minim rest
5
quaver and 2 semiquashyvers
2 semiquavers and a quaver
6
2 semiquavers and a quaver rest
a quaver rest and 2 sem iq uavers
10
a dotted crotchet and a quaver
a quaver and a dotshyted crotchet
7 dotted quaver and semiquaver
8 4 semiquavers
Your four beats
After rehearsing the different cells with all the class practice in pairs your combination of four beats with body percussion or with a percussion instrumentoAsk your teacher if you have doubts
Then play it and other couple has to find out your combination of cells-Write here the combinations of your partners to be ready if you have to answer (you just have to write---h the numbers oftheir cells)--- Activity 7- Chinese whispers
~
Split in two rows The first player in every row is going to receive a 4-beat rhythm on his back He has to- pass the message through the row until the last one announces the rhythm to the entire group If he is right his line wins If any row is right we play again -
Activity 8- Mirror o rhythms
Work in pairs Make up a 4-beat rhythm again Play it and ask a couple to repeat it It they play it right they win a point and play their rhythm asking another couple and so on
------
3 -= LISTEN PLAY CREATE - 1
4- WRITING RHYTHMS WITH BARS
The measures or bars divide the rhythms in groups of two three or four beats
The bar lines divide those groups --== The first beat in every bar is stronger than the others Thats called an accent or stress ~
We indicate the kind of bar at the beginning of a score right after the clef with two numbers one above the other That s the time signature
A) The upper number indicates if every bar has 23 or 4 beats (duple meter triple meter or quadruple meter) l bull Number 2 its a duple meter with two beats The accent is the first beato
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 JiexclI
Car-men A- na Car-Ios Lau-ra Mar-ta
lt lt lt lt lt
Marches and some dances use duple meter
bull Number 3 Its a triple meter with three beats The accent is the first beat ~
1 2 3 123 1 2 3 ~
Coacuter-do-ba Maacute-Ia-ga Sa-tu r-day
lt lt lt
Waltzes and lullabies use this meter
bull Number 4 Its a quadruple meter with four beats Its almost like two duple meters There are two
accents the first and the third beats but the third one is not as strong as the first one
Cat-chy rhy-thm 1 2 3 4 lt lt
c Most of pop-rock songs and electronic music use this meter
E B) The bottom number indicates the note that gets one beat (The crotchet is not always the beat)
- Number 4 The beat is the crotchet (there are 4 quarter notes in a whole) - Number 2 The beat is the minim (there are 2 half notes in a whole) - Number 8 The beat is the quaver (there are 8 eighth notes in a whole)
Activiacutety 9- Identify the sentence with a triple meter Cirele the accents
Es-te pe-rro tie-ne pul-gas
E-sa ca-sa tie-ne pla n-tas
Ven-te conmi-go que lIe-go muy tar-de
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning
--- ---shy---shy-----
Time signature Meaning
34
44
24
38
22
32
28
There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets
There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets
There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets
There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims
There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims
There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers
There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers
Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter
Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga
Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes
Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da
Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis
Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)
Mar-ta
lt
Anacrusis
Da vid Da vid Da vid Da
lt lt lt
Maacute-ni-ca
lt - -
Anacrusis
Noe-lia Noe-lia No
lt lt -
Ma-ri Car-men
lt - lt
J o-se Ca r-Ios
lt - lt
- o-iexcliexcl
~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i
-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the
~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_
- B duple or triple seore _
- C duple or triple seore _
- D duple or triple seore _
Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis
1 May it be (Enya)
A I~ -shy~
~ ~
fI 7r
a- _
I
-- bull
bull d
-I-J -- bull
I iquest-
2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)
How m3 - ny roads
f
tJ
lUust
4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -
-amp
3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)
- U -
f
U
-
-
- - -
4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)
fI
--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l
amp-l - - ~
-lt-- ~ ---1
~
- ampQ
~
_ ~
~
~
iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -
middot middot U
Lshy fI
middot middot shy
c
Activity 14- Write the bar fines
aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull
~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl
~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I
Activity 15- Complete all the bars
-111 s ~ ~~
LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a
Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars
24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl
34
44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ
--
----
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO
Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want
The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy
largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)
Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)
Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)
Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)
Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)
The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation
If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations
Accelerando or accel=gradually faster
Ritardando or rito =gradually slower
6- REPETITION MARKS
When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks
The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line
- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl
~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I
- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~
e-shy
~
=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy
-~ -
-----
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time
bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235
l I 2
l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~
Activity 17- Guess the tempo
Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo
The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works
Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate
- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio
---
- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -
-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -
--shyG
-----------
----
-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl
~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _
Can-Can Jacques Offenbach
Allegro Il - ~ I-c
u 4shy
Il
-
~ lt)
-u 4shy
-
e
Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach
---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature
-
Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where
Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different
-shy-shy ~ -Ia-
-Which is this new tempo
-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy
--
---
---
--
== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS
== -
--
-== ----
-
Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above
- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult
Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different
rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~
---shy
--
----
-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =
Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==
Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum
and when you count 3 play the snare drum
- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4
- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3
When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom
== A human drum kit
You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit
- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)
This is the result
-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4
-
PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -
PAM (hands) - - - -
CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -
~
Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo
Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones
~
httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
REVIEW ACTIVITIES
Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet
- A dotted semibreve
- A dotted crotehet
- A quaver
- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie
- A dotted minim
Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning
Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse
Rhythm Its the speed of the music
Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests
Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests
Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes
a) The metronome indieates the time signature
b) A tie can join a mi with a fa
e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato
d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative
Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis
Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do
I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I
Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures
24
38
22
44
00
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
Activity 4- Fiff in the chart The beat is the crotchet
Note
A dotted semibreve
A dotted minim
A dotted crotchet
A dotted quaver -
Sum
Semibreve plus minim
Beats
4+2=6
Activity 5- Write the dotted note values Draw three ties and write the time vafues
i J J 1 J fj J I]J ~ 11 n 1 J - 1I1 -
G
--
CREATE - r
3- READING RHYTHMS
We can read the notes with these syllables
j
n 1m
J j
n 1m
o
j
n 1m
J j
n 1m
Ta - a - a - a
Ta - a Ta - a
Ta Ta Ta Ta
Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute
Ti ritiacute ri Ti ritiacute ri Tiritiacuteri Tiritiacuteri
Dotted notes Rests
- Dotted minim ta a a (three crotchets) - Semibreve rest 1 234 - Dotted crotchet and a quaver ta y ti - Minim rest 1 2
- Crotchet rest 1 - Quaver rest y
Quavers and semiquavers
- Two semiquavers and a quaver tiri-ti - A quaver and two semiquavers ti-tiri
We can say anything we want for example the names of villages
BEL VIacuteS
AL CAU DE TE
NA VA DE RI CO MA LI LLO
TA I LA VE I RA TA I LA VEIRA TA I LA VE IRA TA I LA VEIRA
More examples
Caacutediz (2 minims) Barcelona (4 crotchets) Alicante Alicante (8 quavers) Zaragoza four times (16 semiquavers)
We can also rea d the notes with our body
1 semibreve make a complete turn shy2 minims tap your feet 4 crotchets clap four times 8 quavers snap your fingers 8 times 16 Semiquavers tap your thighs 16 times -
~-We can do a canon afterwards accompany a song and combine the movements in 4-beat patterns
~ -
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 6- Work with your partner 1 the beat is a crotchet make up a combination 04 beats choosing one o these possibilities
You can pick
- 4 cells of beats (1+1+1+1) or -1 cell oftwo beats and two cells of 1 beat (2+1+1) or -1 cell ofthree beats and 1 (3+1)
Before starting write the notes and rests by their na mes
1 beat
1 crotchet 2 crotchet rest
9
2 beats
a minima minim rest
3 beats
quaver and a quaver rest
3 2 quavers 4
a quaver rest and a quaver
11
a dotted minim
a dotted minim rest
5
quaver and 2 semiquashyvers
2 semiquavers and a quaver
6
2 semiquavers and a quaver rest
a quaver rest and 2 sem iq uavers
10
a dotted crotchet and a quaver
a quaver and a dotshyted crotchet
7 dotted quaver and semiquaver
8 4 semiquavers
Your four beats
After rehearsing the different cells with all the class practice in pairs your combination of four beats with body percussion or with a percussion instrumentoAsk your teacher if you have doubts
Then play it and other couple has to find out your combination of cells-Write here the combinations of your partners to be ready if you have to answer (you just have to write---h the numbers oftheir cells)--- Activity 7- Chinese whispers
~
Split in two rows The first player in every row is going to receive a 4-beat rhythm on his back He has to- pass the message through the row until the last one announces the rhythm to the entire group If he is right his line wins If any row is right we play again -
Activity 8- Mirror o rhythms
Work in pairs Make up a 4-beat rhythm again Play it and ask a couple to repeat it It they play it right they win a point and play their rhythm asking another couple and so on
------
3 -= LISTEN PLAY CREATE - 1
4- WRITING RHYTHMS WITH BARS
The measures or bars divide the rhythms in groups of two three or four beats
The bar lines divide those groups --== The first beat in every bar is stronger than the others Thats called an accent or stress ~
We indicate the kind of bar at the beginning of a score right after the clef with two numbers one above the other That s the time signature
A) The upper number indicates if every bar has 23 or 4 beats (duple meter triple meter or quadruple meter) l bull Number 2 its a duple meter with two beats The accent is the first beato
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 JiexclI
Car-men A- na Car-Ios Lau-ra Mar-ta
lt lt lt lt lt
Marches and some dances use duple meter
bull Number 3 Its a triple meter with three beats The accent is the first beat ~
1 2 3 123 1 2 3 ~
Coacuter-do-ba Maacute-Ia-ga Sa-tu r-day
lt lt lt
Waltzes and lullabies use this meter
bull Number 4 Its a quadruple meter with four beats Its almost like two duple meters There are two
accents the first and the third beats but the third one is not as strong as the first one
Cat-chy rhy-thm 1 2 3 4 lt lt
c Most of pop-rock songs and electronic music use this meter
E B) The bottom number indicates the note that gets one beat (The crotchet is not always the beat)
- Number 4 The beat is the crotchet (there are 4 quarter notes in a whole) - Number 2 The beat is the minim (there are 2 half notes in a whole) - Number 8 The beat is the quaver (there are 8 eighth notes in a whole)
Activiacutety 9- Identify the sentence with a triple meter Cirele the accents
Es-te pe-rro tie-ne pul-gas
E-sa ca-sa tie-ne pla n-tas
Ven-te conmi-go que lIe-go muy tar-de
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning
--- ---shy---shy-----
Time signature Meaning
34
44
24
38
22
32
28
There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets
There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets
There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets
There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims
There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims
There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers
There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers
Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter
Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga
Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes
Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da
Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis
Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)
Mar-ta
lt
Anacrusis
Da vid Da vid Da vid Da
lt lt lt
Maacute-ni-ca
lt - -
Anacrusis
Noe-lia Noe-lia No
lt lt -
Ma-ri Car-men
lt - lt
J o-se Ca r-Ios
lt - lt
- o-iexcliexcl
~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i
-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the
~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_
- B duple or triple seore _
- C duple or triple seore _
- D duple or triple seore _
Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis
1 May it be (Enya)
A I~ -shy~
~ ~
fI 7r
a- _
I
-- bull
bull d
-I-J -- bull
I iquest-
2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)
How m3 - ny roads
f
tJ
lUust
4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -
-amp
3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)
- U -
f
U
-
-
- - -
4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)
fI
--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l
amp-l - - ~
-lt-- ~ ---1
~
- ampQ
~
_ ~
~
~
iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -
middot middot U
Lshy fI
middot middot shy
c
Activity 14- Write the bar fines
aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull
~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl
~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I
Activity 15- Complete all the bars
-111 s ~ ~~
LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a
Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars
24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl
34
44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ
--
----
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO
Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want
The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy
largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)
Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)
Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)
Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)
Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)
The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation
If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations
Accelerando or accel=gradually faster
Ritardando or rito =gradually slower
6- REPETITION MARKS
When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks
The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line
- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl
~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I
- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~
e-shy
~
=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy
-~ -
-----
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time
bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235
l I 2
l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~
Activity 17- Guess the tempo
Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo
The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works
Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate
- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio
---
- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -
-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -
--shyG
-----------
----
-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl
~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _
Can-Can Jacques Offenbach
Allegro Il - ~ I-c
u 4shy
Il
-
~ lt)
-u 4shy
-
e
Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach
---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature
-
Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where
Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different
-shy-shy ~ -Ia-
-Which is this new tempo
-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy
--
---
---
--
== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS
== -
--
-== ----
-
Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above
- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult
Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different
rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~
---shy
--
----
-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =
Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==
Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum
and when you count 3 play the snare drum
- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4
- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3
When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom
== A human drum kit
You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit
- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)
This is the result
-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4
-
PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -
PAM (hands) - - - -
CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -
~
Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo
Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones
~
httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
REVIEW ACTIVITIES
Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet
- A dotted semibreve
- A dotted crotehet
- A quaver
- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie
- A dotted minim
Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning
Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse
Rhythm Its the speed of the music
Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests
Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests
Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes
a) The metronome indieates the time signature
b) A tie can join a mi with a fa
e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato
d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative
Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis
Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do
I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I
Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures
24
38
22
44
00
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
--
CREATE - r
3- READING RHYTHMS
We can read the notes with these syllables
j
n 1m
J j
n 1m
o
j
n 1m
J j
n 1m
Ta - a - a - a
Ta - a Ta - a
Ta Ta Ta Ta
Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute
Ti ritiacute ri Ti ritiacute ri Tiritiacuteri Tiritiacuteri
Dotted notes Rests
- Dotted minim ta a a (three crotchets) - Semibreve rest 1 234 - Dotted crotchet and a quaver ta y ti - Minim rest 1 2
- Crotchet rest 1 - Quaver rest y
Quavers and semiquavers
- Two semiquavers and a quaver tiri-ti - A quaver and two semiquavers ti-tiri
We can say anything we want for example the names of villages
BEL VIacuteS
AL CAU DE TE
NA VA DE RI CO MA LI LLO
TA I LA VE I RA TA I LA VEIRA TA I LA VE IRA TA I LA VEIRA
More examples
Caacutediz (2 minims) Barcelona (4 crotchets) Alicante Alicante (8 quavers) Zaragoza four times (16 semiquavers)
We can also rea d the notes with our body
1 semibreve make a complete turn shy2 minims tap your feet 4 crotchets clap four times 8 quavers snap your fingers 8 times 16 Semiquavers tap your thighs 16 times -
~-We can do a canon afterwards accompany a song and combine the movements in 4-beat patterns
~ -
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 6- Work with your partner 1 the beat is a crotchet make up a combination 04 beats choosing one o these possibilities
You can pick
- 4 cells of beats (1+1+1+1) or -1 cell oftwo beats and two cells of 1 beat (2+1+1) or -1 cell ofthree beats and 1 (3+1)
Before starting write the notes and rests by their na mes
1 beat
1 crotchet 2 crotchet rest
9
2 beats
a minima minim rest
3 beats
quaver and a quaver rest
3 2 quavers 4
a quaver rest and a quaver
11
a dotted minim
a dotted minim rest
5
quaver and 2 semiquashyvers
2 semiquavers and a quaver
6
2 semiquavers and a quaver rest
a quaver rest and 2 sem iq uavers
10
a dotted crotchet and a quaver
a quaver and a dotshyted crotchet
7 dotted quaver and semiquaver
8 4 semiquavers
Your four beats
After rehearsing the different cells with all the class practice in pairs your combination of four beats with body percussion or with a percussion instrumentoAsk your teacher if you have doubts
Then play it and other couple has to find out your combination of cells-Write here the combinations of your partners to be ready if you have to answer (you just have to write---h the numbers oftheir cells)--- Activity 7- Chinese whispers
~
Split in two rows The first player in every row is going to receive a 4-beat rhythm on his back He has to- pass the message through the row until the last one announces the rhythm to the entire group If he is right his line wins If any row is right we play again -
Activity 8- Mirror o rhythms
Work in pairs Make up a 4-beat rhythm again Play it and ask a couple to repeat it It they play it right they win a point and play their rhythm asking another couple and so on
------
3 -= LISTEN PLAY CREATE - 1
4- WRITING RHYTHMS WITH BARS
The measures or bars divide the rhythms in groups of two three or four beats
The bar lines divide those groups --== The first beat in every bar is stronger than the others Thats called an accent or stress ~
We indicate the kind of bar at the beginning of a score right after the clef with two numbers one above the other That s the time signature
A) The upper number indicates if every bar has 23 or 4 beats (duple meter triple meter or quadruple meter) l bull Number 2 its a duple meter with two beats The accent is the first beato
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 JiexclI
Car-men A- na Car-Ios Lau-ra Mar-ta
lt lt lt lt lt
Marches and some dances use duple meter
bull Number 3 Its a triple meter with three beats The accent is the first beat ~
1 2 3 123 1 2 3 ~
Coacuter-do-ba Maacute-Ia-ga Sa-tu r-day
lt lt lt
Waltzes and lullabies use this meter
bull Number 4 Its a quadruple meter with four beats Its almost like two duple meters There are two
accents the first and the third beats but the third one is not as strong as the first one
Cat-chy rhy-thm 1 2 3 4 lt lt
c Most of pop-rock songs and electronic music use this meter
E B) The bottom number indicates the note that gets one beat (The crotchet is not always the beat)
- Number 4 The beat is the crotchet (there are 4 quarter notes in a whole) - Number 2 The beat is the minim (there are 2 half notes in a whole) - Number 8 The beat is the quaver (there are 8 eighth notes in a whole)
Activiacutety 9- Identify the sentence with a triple meter Cirele the accents
Es-te pe-rro tie-ne pul-gas
E-sa ca-sa tie-ne pla n-tas
Ven-te conmi-go que lIe-go muy tar-de
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning
--- ---shy---shy-----
Time signature Meaning
34
44
24
38
22
32
28
There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets
There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets
There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets
There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims
There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims
There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers
There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers
Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter
Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga
Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes
Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da
Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis
Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)
Mar-ta
lt
Anacrusis
Da vid Da vid Da vid Da
lt lt lt
Maacute-ni-ca
lt - -
Anacrusis
Noe-lia Noe-lia No
lt lt -
Ma-ri Car-men
lt - lt
J o-se Ca r-Ios
lt - lt
- o-iexcliexcl
~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i
-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the
~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_
- B duple or triple seore _
- C duple or triple seore _
- D duple or triple seore _
Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis
1 May it be (Enya)
A I~ -shy~
~ ~
fI 7r
a- _
I
-- bull
bull d
-I-J -- bull
I iquest-
2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)
How m3 - ny roads
f
tJ
lUust
4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -
-amp
3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)
- U -
f
U
-
-
- - -
4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)
fI
--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l
amp-l - - ~
-lt-- ~ ---1
~
- ampQ
~
_ ~
~
~
iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -
middot middot U
Lshy fI
middot middot shy
c
Activity 14- Write the bar fines
aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull
~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl
~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I
Activity 15- Complete all the bars
-111 s ~ ~~
LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a
Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars
24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl
34
44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ
--
----
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO
Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want
The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy
largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)
Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)
Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)
Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)
Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)
The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation
If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations
Accelerando or accel=gradually faster
Ritardando or rito =gradually slower
6- REPETITION MARKS
When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks
The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line
- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl
~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I
- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~
e-shy
~
=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy
-~ -
-----
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time
bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235
l I 2
l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~
Activity 17- Guess the tempo
Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo
The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works
Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate
- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio
---
- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -
-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -
--shyG
-----------
----
-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl
~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _
Can-Can Jacques Offenbach
Allegro Il - ~ I-c
u 4shy
Il
-
~ lt)
-u 4shy
-
e
Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach
---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature
-
Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where
Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different
-shy-shy ~ -Ia-
-Which is this new tempo
-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy
--
---
---
--
== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS
== -
--
-== ----
-
Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above
- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult
Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different
rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~
---shy
--
----
-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =
Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==
Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum
and when you count 3 play the snare drum
- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4
- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3
When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom
== A human drum kit
You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit
- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)
This is the result
-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4
-
PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -
PAM (hands) - - - -
CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -
~
Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo
Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones
~
httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
REVIEW ACTIVITIES
Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet
- A dotted semibreve
- A dotted crotehet
- A quaver
- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie
- A dotted minim
Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning
Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse
Rhythm Its the speed of the music
Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests
Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests
Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes
a) The metronome indieates the time signature
b) A tie can join a mi with a fa
e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato
d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative
Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis
Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do
I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I
Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures
24
38
22
44
00
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 6- Work with your partner 1 the beat is a crotchet make up a combination 04 beats choosing one o these possibilities
You can pick
- 4 cells of beats (1+1+1+1) or -1 cell oftwo beats and two cells of 1 beat (2+1+1) or -1 cell ofthree beats and 1 (3+1)
Before starting write the notes and rests by their na mes
1 beat
1 crotchet 2 crotchet rest
9
2 beats
a minima minim rest
3 beats
quaver and a quaver rest
3 2 quavers 4
a quaver rest and a quaver
11
a dotted minim
a dotted minim rest
5
quaver and 2 semiquashyvers
2 semiquavers and a quaver
6
2 semiquavers and a quaver rest
a quaver rest and 2 sem iq uavers
10
a dotted crotchet and a quaver
a quaver and a dotshyted crotchet
7 dotted quaver and semiquaver
8 4 semiquavers
Your four beats
After rehearsing the different cells with all the class practice in pairs your combination of four beats with body percussion or with a percussion instrumentoAsk your teacher if you have doubts
Then play it and other couple has to find out your combination of cells-Write here the combinations of your partners to be ready if you have to answer (you just have to write---h the numbers oftheir cells)--- Activity 7- Chinese whispers
~
Split in two rows The first player in every row is going to receive a 4-beat rhythm on his back He has to- pass the message through the row until the last one announces the rhythm to the entire group If he is right his line wins If any row is right we play again -
Activity 8- Mirror o rhythms
Work in pairs Make up a 4-beat rhythm again Play it and ask a couple to repeat it It they play it right they win a point and play their rhythm asking another couple and so on
------
3 -= LISTEN PLAY CREATE - 1
4- WRITING RHYTHMS WITH BARS
The measures or bars divide the rhythms in groups of two three or four beats
The bar lines divide those groups --== The first beat in every bar is stronger than the others Thats called an accent or stress ~
We indicate the kind of bar at the beginning of a score right after the clef with two numbers one above the other That s the time signature
A) The upper number indicates if every bar has 23 or 4 beats (duple meter triple meter or quadruple meter) l bull Number 2 its a duple meter with two beats The accent is the first beato
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 JiexclI
Car-men A- na Car-Ios Lau-ra Mar-ta
lt lt lt lt lt
Marches and some dances use duple meter
bull Number 3 Its a triple meter with three beats The accent is the first beat ~
1 2 3 123 1 2 3 ~
Coacuter-do-ba Maacute-Ia-ga Sa-tu r-day
lt lt lt
Waltzes and lullabies use this meter
bull Number 4 Its a quadruple meter with four beats Its almost like two duple meters There are two
accents the first and the third beats but the third one is not as strong as the first one
Cat-chy rhy-thm 1 2 3 4 lt lt
c Most of pop-rock songs and electronic music use this meter
E B) The bottom number indicates the note that gets one beat (The crotchet is not always the beat)
- Number 4 The beat is the crotchet (there are 4 quarter notes in a whole) - Number 2 The beat is the minim (there are 2 half notes in a whole) - Number 8 The beat is the quaver (there are 8 eighth notes in a whole)
Activiacutety 9- Identify the sentence with a triple meter Cirele the accents
Es-te pe-rro tie-ne pul-gas
E-sa ca-sa tie-ne pla n-tas
Ven-te conmi-go que lIe-go muy tar-de
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning
--- ---shy---shy-----
Time signature Meaning
34
44
24
38
22
32
28
There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets
There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets
There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets
There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims
There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims
There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers
There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers
Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter
Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga
Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes
Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da
Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis
Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)
Mar-ta
lt
Anacrusis
Da vid Da vid Da vid Da
lt lt lt
Maacute-ni-ca
lt - -
Anacrusis
Noe-lia Noe-lia No
lt lt -
Ma-ri Car-men
lt - lt
J o-se Ca r-Ios
lt - lt
- o-iexcliexcl
~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i
-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the
~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_
- B duple or triple seore _
- C duple or triple seore _
- D duple or triple seore _
Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis
1 May it be (Enya)
A I~ -shy~
~ ~
fI 7r
a- _
I
-- bull
bull d
-I-J -- bull
I iquest-
2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)
How m3 - ny roads
f
tJ
lUust
4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -
-amp
3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)
- U -
f
U
-
-
- - -
4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)
fI
--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l
amp-l - - ~
-lt-- ~ ---1
~
- ampQ
~
_ ~
~
~
iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -
middot middot U
Lshy fI
middot middot shy
c
Activity 14- Write the bar fines
aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull
~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl
~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I
Activity 15- Complete all the bars
-111 s ~ ~~
LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a
Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars
24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl
34
44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ
--
----
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO
Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want
The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy
largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)
Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)
Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)
Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)
Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)
The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation
If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations
Accelerando or accel=gradually faster
Ritardando or rito =gradually slower
6- REPETITION MARKS
When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks
The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line
- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl
~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I
- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~
e-shy
~
=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy
-~ -
-----
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time
bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235
l I 2
l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~
Activity 17- Guess the tempo
Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo
The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works
Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate
- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio
---
- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -
-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -
--shyG
-----------
----
-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl
~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _
Can-Can Jacques Offenbach
Allegro Il - ~ I-c
u 4shy
Il
-
~ lt)
-u 4shy
-
e
Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach
---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature
-
Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where
Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different
-shy-shy ~ -Ia-
-Which is this new tempo
-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy
--
---
---
--
== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS
== -
--
-== ----
-
Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above
- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult
Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different
rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~
---shy
--
----
-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =
Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==
Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum
and when you count 3 play the snare drum
- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4
- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3
When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom
== A human drum kit
You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit
- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)
This is the result
-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4
-
PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -
PAM (hands) - - - -
CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -
~
Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo
Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones
~
httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
REVIEW ACTIVITIES
Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet
- A dotted semibreve
- A dotted crotehet
- A quaver
- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie
- A dotted minim
Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning
Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse
Rhythm Its the speed of the music
Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests
Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests
Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes
a) The metronome indieates the time signature
b) A tie can join a mi with a fa
e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato
d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative
Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis
Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do
I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I
Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures
24
38
22
44
00
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
------
3 -= LISTEN PLAY CREATE - 1
4- WRITING RHYTHMS WITH BARS
The measures or bars divide the rhythms in groups of two three or four beats
The bar lines divide those groups --== The first beat in every bar is stronger than the others Thats called an accent or stress ~
We indicate the kind of bar at the beginning of a score right after the clef with two numbers one above the other That s the time signature
A) The upper number indicates if every bar has 23 or 4 beats (duple meter triple meter or quadruple meter) l bull Number 2 its a duple meter with two beats The accent is the first beato
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 JiexclI
Car-men A- na Car-Ios Lau-ra Mar-ta
lt lt lt lt lt
Marches and some dances use duple meter
bull Number 3 Its a triple meter with three beats The accent is the first beat ~
1 2 3 123 1 2 3 ~
Coacuter-do-ba Maacute-Ia-ga Sa-tu r-day
lt lt lt
Waltzes and lullabies use this meter
bull Number 4 Its a quadruple meter with four beats Its almost like two duple meters There are two
accents the first and the third beats but the third one is not as strong as the first one
Cat-chy rhy-thm 1 2 3 4 lt lt
c Most of pop-rock songs and electronic music use this meter
E B) The bottom number indicates the note that gets one beat (The crotchet is not always the beat)
- Number 4 The beat is the crotchet (there are 4 quarter notes in a whole) - Number 2 The beat is the minim (there are 2 half notes in a whole) - Number 8 The beat is the quaver (there are 8 eighth notes in a whole)
Activiacutety 9- Identify the sentence with a triple meter Cirele the accents
Es-te pe-rro tie-ne pul-gas
E-sa ca-sa tie-ne pla n-tas
Ven-te conmi-go que lIe-go muy tar-de
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning
--- ---shy---shy-----
Time signature Meaning
34
44
24
38
22
32
28
There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets
There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets
There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets
There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims
There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims
There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers
There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers
Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter
Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga
Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes
Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da
Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis
Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)
Mar-ta
lt
Anacrusis
Da vid Da vid Da vid Da
lt lt lt
Maacute-ni-ca
lt - -
Anacrusis
Noe-lia Noe-lia No
lt lt -
Ma-ri Car-men
lt - lt
J o-se Ca r-Ios
lt - lt
- o-iexcliexcl
~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i
-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the
~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_
- B duple or triple seore _
- C duple or triple seore _
- D duple or triple seore _
Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis
1 May it be (Enya)
A I~ -shy~
~ ~
fI 7r
a- _
I
-- bull
bull d
-I-J -- bull
I iquest-
2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)
How m3 - ny roads
f
tJ
lUust
4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -
-amp
3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)
- U -
f
U
-
-
- - -
4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)
fI
--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l
amp-l - - ~
-lt-- ~ ---1
~
- ampQ
~
_ ~
~
~
iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -
middot middot U
Lshy fI
middot middot shy
c
Activity 14- Write the bar fines
aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull
~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl
~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I
Activity 15- Complete all the bars
-111 s ~ ~~
LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a
Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars
24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl
34
44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ
--
----
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO
Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want
The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy
largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)
Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)
Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)
Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)
Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)
The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation
If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations
Accelerando or accel=gradually faster
Ritardando or rito =gradually slower
6- REPETITION MARKS
When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks
The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line
- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl
~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I
- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~
e-shy
~
=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy
-~ -
-----
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time
bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235
l I 2
l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~
Activity 17- Guess the tempo
Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo
The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works
Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate
- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio
---
- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -
-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -
--shyG
-----------
----
-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl
~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _
Can-Can Jacques Offenbach
Allegro Il - ~ I-c
u 4shy
Il
-
~ lt)
-u 4shy
-
e
Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach
---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature
-
Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where
Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different
-shy-shy ~ -Ia-
-Which is this new tempo
-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy
--
---
---
--
== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS
== -
--
-== ----
-
Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above
- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult
Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different
rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~
---shy
--
----
-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =
Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==
Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum
and when you count 3 play the snare drum
- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4
- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3
When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom
== A human drum kit
You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit
- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)
This is the result
-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4
-
PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -
PAM (hands) - - - -
CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -
~
Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo
Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones
~
httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
REVIEW ACTIVITIES
Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet
- A dotted semibreve
- A dotted crotehet
- A quaver
- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie
- A dotted minim
Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning
Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse
Rhythm Its the speed of the music
Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests
Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests
Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes
a) The metronome indieates the time signature
b) A tie can join a mi with a fa
e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato
d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative
Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis
Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do
I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I
Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures
24
38
22
44
00
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning
--- ---shy---shy-----
Time signature Meaning
34
44
24
38
22
32
28
There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets
There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets
There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets
There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims
There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims
There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers
There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers
Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter
Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga
Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes
Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da
Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis
Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)
Mar-ta
lt
Anacrusis
Da vid Da vid Da vid Da
lt lt lt
Maacute-ni-ca
lt - -
Anacrusis
Noe-lia Noe-lia No
lt lt -
Ma-ri Car-men
lt - lt
J o-se Ca r-Ios
lt - lt
- o-iexcliexcl
~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i
-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the
~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_
- B duple or triple seore _
- C duple or triple seore _
- D duple or triple seore _
Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis
1 May it be (Enya)
A I~ -shy~
~ ~
fI 7r
a- _
I
-- bull
bull d
-I-J -- bull
I iquest-
2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)
How m3 - ny roads
f
tJ
lUust
4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -
-amp
3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)
- U -
f
U
-
-
- - -
4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)
fI
--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l
amp-l - - ~
-lt-- ~ ---1
~
- ampQ
~
_ ~
~
~
iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -
middot middot U
Lshy fI
middot middot shy
c
Activity 14- Write the bar fines
aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull
~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl
~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I
Activity 15- Complete all the bars
-111 s ~ ~~
LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a
Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars
24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl
34
44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ
--
----
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO
Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want
The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy
largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)
Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)
Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)
Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)
Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)
The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation
If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations
Accelerando or accel=gradually faster
Ritardando or rito =gradually slower
6- REPETITION MARKS
When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks
The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line
- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl
~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I
- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~
e-shy
~
=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy
-~ -
-----
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time
bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235
l I 2
l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~
Activity 17- Guess the tempo
Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo
The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works
Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate
- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio
---
- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -
-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -
--shyG
-----------
----
-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl
~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _
Can-Can Jacques Offenbach
Allegro Il - ~ I-c
u 4shy
Il
-
~ lt)
-u 4shy
-
e
Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach
---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature
-
Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where
Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different
-shy-shy ~ -Ia-
-Which is this new tempo
-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy
--
---
---
--
== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS
== -
--
-== ----
-
Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above
- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult
Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different
rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~
---shy
--
----
-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =
Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==
Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum
and when you count 3 play the snare drum
- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4
- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3
When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom
== A human drum kit
You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit
- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)
This is the result
-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4
-
PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -
PAM (hands) - - - -
CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -
~
Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo
Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones
~
httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
REVIEW ACTIVITIES
Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet
- A dotted semibreve
- A dotted crotehet
- A quaver
- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie
- A dotted minim
Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning
Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse
Rhythm Its the speed of the music
Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests
Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests
Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes
a) The metronome indieates the time signature
b) A tie can join a mi with a fa
e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato
d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative
Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis
Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do
I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I
Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures
24
38
22
44
00
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i
-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the
~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_
- B duple or triple seore _
- C duple or triple seore _
- D duple or triple seore _
Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis
1 May it be (Enya)
A I~ -shy~
~ ~
fI 7r
a- _
I
-- bull
bull d
-I-J -- bull
I iquest-
2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)
How m3 - ny roads
f
tJ
lUust
4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -
-amp
3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)
- U -
f
U
-
-
- - -
4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)
fI
--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l
amp-l - - ~
-lt-- ~ ---1
~
- ampQ
~
_ ~
~
~
iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -
middot middot U
Lshy fI
middot middot shy
c
Activity 14- Write the bar fines
aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull
~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl
~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I
Activity 15- Complete all the bars
-111 s ~ ~~
LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a
Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars
24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl
34
44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ
--
----
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO
Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want
The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy
largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)
Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)
Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)
Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)
Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)
The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation
If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations
Accelerando or accel=gradually faster
Ritardando or rito =gradually slower
6- REPETITION MARKS
When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks
The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line
- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl
~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I
- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~
e-shy
~
=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy
-~ -
-----
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time
bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235
l I 2
l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~
Activity 17- Guess the tempo
Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo
The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works
Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate
- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio
---
- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -
-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -
--shyG
-----------
----
-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl
~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _
Can-Can Jacques Offenbach
Allegro Il - ~ I-c
u 4shy
Il
-
~ lt)
-u 4shy
-
e
Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach
---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature
-
Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where
Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different
-shy-shy ~ -Ia-
-Which is this new tempo
-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy
--
---
---
--
== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS
== -
--
-== ----
-
Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above
- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult
Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different
rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~
---shy
--
----
-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =
Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==
Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum
and when you count 3 play the snare drum
- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4
- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3
When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom
== A human drum kit
You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit
- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)
This is the result
-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4
-
PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -
PAM (hands) - - - -
CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -
~
Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo
Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones
~
httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
REVIEW ACTIVITIES
Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet
- A dotted semibreve
- A dotted crotehet
- A quaver
- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie
- A dotted minim
Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning
Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse
Rhythm Its the speed of the music
Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests
Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests
Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes
a) The metronome indieates the time signature
b) A tie can join a mi with a fa
e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato
d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative
Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis
Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do
I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I
Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures
24
38
22
44
00
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
Activity 14- Write the bar fines
aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull
~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl
~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I
Activity 15- Complete all the bars
-111 s ~ ~~
LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a
Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars
24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl
34
44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ
--
----
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO
Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want
The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy
largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)
Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)
Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)
Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)
Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)
The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation
If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations
Accelerando or accel=gradually faster
Ritardando or rito =gradually slower
6- REPETITION MARKS
When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks
The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line
- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl
~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I
- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~
e-shy
~
=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy
-~ -
-----
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time
bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235
l I 2
l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~
Activity 17- Guess the tempo
Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo
The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works
Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate
- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio
---
- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -
-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -
--shyG
-----------
----
-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl
~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _
Can-Can Jacques Offenbach
Allegro Il - ~ I-c
u 4shy
Il
-
~ lt)
-u 4shy
-
e
Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach
---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature
-
Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where
Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different
-shy-shy ~ -Ia-
-Which is this new tempo
-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy
--
---
---
--
== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS
== -
--
-== ----
-
Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above
- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult
Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different
rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~
---shy
--
----
-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =
Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==
Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum
and when you count 3 play the snare drum
- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4
- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3
When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom
== A human drum kit
You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit
- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)
This is the result
-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4
-
PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -
PAM (hands) - - - -
CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -
~
Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo
Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones
~
httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
REVIEW ACTIVITIES
Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet
- A dotted semibreve
- A dotted crotehet
- A quaver
- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie
- A dotted minim
Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning
Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse
Rhythm Its the speed of the music
Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests
Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests
Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes
a) The metronome indieates the time signature
b) A tie can join a mi with a fa
e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato
d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative
Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis
Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do
I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I
Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures
24
38
22
44
00
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
--
----
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO
Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want
The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy
largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)
Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)
Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)
Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)
Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)
The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation
If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations
Accelerando or accel=gradually faster
Ritardando or rito =gradually slower
6- REPETITION MARKS
When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks
The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line
- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl
~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I
- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~
e-shy
~
=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy
-~ -
-----
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time
bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235
l I 2
l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~
Activity 17- Guess the tempo
Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo
The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works
Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate
- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio
---
- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -
-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -
--shyG
-----------
----
-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl
~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _
Can-Can Jacques Offenbach
Allegro Il - ~ I-c
u 4shy
Il
-
~ lt)
-u 4shy
-
e
Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach
---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature
-
Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where
Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different
-shy-shy ~ -Ia-
-Which is this new tempo
-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy
--
---
---
--
== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS
== -
--
-== ----
-
Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above
- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult
Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different
rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~
---shy
--
----
-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =
Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==
Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum
and when you count 3 play the snare drum
- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4
- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3
When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom
== A human drum kit
You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit
- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)
This is the result
-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4
-
PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -
PAM (hands) - - - -
CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -
~
Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo
Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones
~
httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
REVIEW ACTIVITIES
Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet
- A dotted semibreve
- A dotted crotehet
- A quaver
- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie
- A dotted minim
Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning
Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse
Rhythm Its the speed of the music
Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests
Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests
Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes
a) The metronome indieates the time signature
b) A tie can join a mi with a fa
e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato
d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative
Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis
Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do
I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I
Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures
24
38
22
44
00
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
-----
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time
bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235
l I 2
l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~
Activity 17- Guess the tempo
Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo
The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works
Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate
- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio
---
- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -
-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -
--shyG
-----------
----
-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl
~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _
Can-Can Jacques Offenbach
Allegro Il - ~ I-c
u 4shy
Il
-
~ lt)
-u 4shy
-
e
Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach
---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature
-
Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where
Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different
-shy-shy ~ -Ia-
-Which is this new tempo
-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy
--
---
---
--
== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS
== -
--
-== ----
-
Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above
- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult
Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different
rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~
---shy
--
----
-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =
Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==
Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum
and when you count 3 play the snare drum
- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4
- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3
When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom
== A human drum kit
You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit
- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)
This is the result
-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4
-
PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -
PAM (hands) - - - -
CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -
~
Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo
Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones
~
httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
REVIEW ACTIVITIES
Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet
- A dotted semibreve
- A dotted crotehet
- A quaver
- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie
- A dotted minim
Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning
Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse
Rhythm Its the speed of the music
Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests
Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests
Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes
a) The metronome indieates the time signature
b) A tie can join a mi with a fa
e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato
d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative
Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis
Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do
I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I
Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures
24
38
22
44
00
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
-----------
----
-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl
~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _
Can-Can Jacques Offenbach
Allegro Il - ~ I-c
u 4shy
Il
-
~ lt)
-u 4shy
-
e
Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach
---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature
-
Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where
Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different
-shy-shy ~ -Ia-
-Which is this new tempo
-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy
--
---
---
--
== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS
== -
--
-== ----
-
Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above
- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult
Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different
rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~
---shy
--
----
-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =
Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==
Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum
and when you count 3 play the snare drum
- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4
- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3
When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom
== A human drum kit
You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit
- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)
This is the result
-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4
-
PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -
PAM (hands) - - - -
CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -
~
Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo
Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones
~
httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
REVIEW ACTIVITIES
Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet
- A dotted semibreve
- A dotted crotehet
- A quaver
- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie
- A dotted minim
Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning
Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse
Rhythm Its the speed of the music
Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests
Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests
Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes
a) The metronome indieates the time signature
b) A tie can join a mi with a fa
e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato
d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative
Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis
Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do
I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I
Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures
24
38
22
44
00
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
--
---
---
--
== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS
== -
--
-== ----
-
Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above
- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult
Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different
rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~
---shy
--
----
-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =
Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==
Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum
and when you count 3 play the snare drum
- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4
- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3
When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom
== A human drum kit
You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit
- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)
This is the result
-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4
-
PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -
PAM (hands) - - - -
CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -
~
Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo
Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones
~
httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
REVIEW ACTIVITIES
Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet
- A dotted semibreve
- A dotted crotehet
- A quaver
- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie
- A dotted minim
Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning
Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse
Rhythm Its the speed of the music
Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests
Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests
Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes
a) The metronome indieates the time signature
b) A tie can join a mi with a fa
e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato
d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative
Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis
Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do
I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I
Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures
24
38
22
44
00
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
--
----
-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =
Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==
Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum
and when you count 3 play the snare drum
- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4
- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3
When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom
== A human drum kit
You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit
- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)
This is the result
-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4
-
PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -
PAM (hands) - - - -
CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -
~
Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo
Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones
~
httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I
-
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
REVIEW ACTIVITIES
Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet
- A dotted semibreve
- A dotted crotehet
- A quaver
- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie
- A dotted minim
Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning
Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse
Rhythm Its the speed of the music
Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests
Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests
Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes
a) The metronome indieates the time signature
b) A tie can join a mi with a fa
e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato
d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative
Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis
Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do
I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I
Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures
24
38
22
44
00
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
REVIEW ACTIVITIES
Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet
- A dotted semibreve
- A dotted crotehet
- A quaver
- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie
- A dotted minim
Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning
Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse
Rhythm Its the speed of the music
Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests
Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests
Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes
a) The metronome indieates the time signature
b) A tie can join a mi with a fa
e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato
d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative
Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis
Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do
I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I
Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures
24
38
22
44
00
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
---
Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So
Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly
3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats
5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value
7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning
9 Play gradually faster
11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch
14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value
~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter
6 The same as whole note
8 The speed of the music
10 Slowly
12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks
13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse
8
13 2
4
5
3
6
14
11
7
9
12
10
lIi
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
------------------- ------------
LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS
Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson
We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____
Notes
Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or
Rests
They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim
bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm
bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with
- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value
- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value
bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)
The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats
2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter
The number indicates the note that gets the beat
2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______
Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando
The metronome is
When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat
- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______
-~
- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______
- C ~IJ
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
-----
LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS
KEY VOCABULARY
Duration
Rhythm
Beat
Notes and rests
o ___Semibreve-whole note
Minim-half note j ---stem
j tCrotchet-quarter note
Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam
~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note
Relative
Twice-half
Value
Last
Dot ~ tie () J
~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--
triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~
Join
Add
Increase
Drums
Bass drum
Toms
Snare drum
Cymbals
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=
- - -
LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r
Hi-hat
Meter
barmeasure -t
- time signature ~ downbeat
stressaccent lt
~
a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228
triple 32 38
quadruple 44
j =140
Tempo ~ -Speed
Pulse
Regular
Pendulum
-Metronome
--shy~
Mechanical
Swing
Largo
Adagio
Andante
Allegro
Prestovivace
Accelerando or accel
Ritardando or rit
Repetition marks
First and second ending
iexcl
i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H
=