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LESSON 3.- NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS 1,· NOTES AND RESTS We write the durations of the sounds with the notes and the durations of the silences with rests . These are the most common notes Semibreve Whole note Minim Half note Crotchet Quarter note Quaver Eighth note Semiquaver Sixteenth note Notes o J jJ Rests --- --- t i and rests: *We can write two or more quavers together with a horizontalline (a beam). We can do the same with the semiquavers, but with two beams. *l\lote that every note is different: the minim is a semibreve with a stem, the crotchet is a black minim, the quaver is a crotchet with a flag and the semiquaver is a quaver with two flags . *The semibreve rest goes below the fourth line and the minim rest goes above the third line. The other rests go in the middle of the staff. We write rhythms combining different notes and rests. The beat is the unit of time in music. It's a regular unit that we find in every rhythm, what you follow tapping your foot on the floor when you listen to a songo The beat is similar to our heartbeat, our footsteps, a dock ticking ... Time values: The notes and rests don't have a fixed duration. The duration is relative: A semibreve lasts twice a minim beca use a minim lasts half a semibreve and so on. o J J j jJ jJ jJ jJ jJ jJ jJ jJ . /J /J /J /J /J /J /J

Transcript of alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet...

Page 1: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

LESSON 3- NOTES AND RESTS BECOME

RHYTHMS

1middot NOTES AND RESTS

We write the durations of the sounds with the notes and the durations of the silences with rests

These are the most common notes

Semibreve Whole note

Minim Half note

Crotchet Quarter

note

Quaver Eighth note

Semiquaver Sixteenth

note

Notes o J ~ jJ ~

Rests --shy --shy t i iexcl and rests

We can write two or more quavers together with a horizontalline (a beam)

We can do the same with the semiquavers but with two beams

llote that every note is different the minim is a semibreve with a stem the crotchet is a black minim the quaver is a crotchet with a flag and the semiquaver is a quaver with two flags

The semibreve rest goes below the fourth line and the minim rest goes above the third line The other rests go in the middle of the staff

We write rhythms combining different notes and rests

The beat is the unit of time in music Its a regular unit that we find in every rhythm what you follow tapping your foot on the floor when you listen to a songo

The beat is similar to our heartbeat our footsteps a dock ticking

bull Time values

The notes and rests dont have a fixed duration

The duration is relative

A semibreve lasts twice a minim beca use a minim lasts half a semibreve and so on

o

J J j ~ ~ ~

jJ jJ jJ jJ jJ jJ jJ jJ

~~ ~ J ~~ ~~ J J ~~ ~ J ~ J ~ ~ J J

LISTEN PlAY CREATE - 1

Activity 1- Complete these statements

A crotchet lasts the same as two _________

Four semiquavers last the same as one _______

Two quavers last the same as one _________

Four semiquavers last the same as two _______

Four crotchets last the same as two ________

Activity 2- FifI in the chart

Time values if a crotchet Note and description Rest and description Two names

is one beato

-Its under the fourth line

t

12

Half a beat

~ - ~~ One has two flags Two or

more have two beams

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Activity 3- Join and write the notes by their names

semibreve 2 semiquavers

bullmiddotminim 2 quavers

middotcrotchet 2 crotchets

bull quaver 2 minim rests bullbullbull semibreve rest 2 minims bull

bullmiddotsemibreve 4 quavers bullbullbullmiddotminim 4 crotchets bullbullbullmiddotcrotchet 4 crotchet rests bullbullbullmiddotsemibreve rest 4 quaver rests

bullmiddotminim rest 4 semiquavers bull

1 crotchet 8 semiquavers

1 minim 2 quavers

1 minim rest and two 1 semibreve

crotchet rests

1 quaver 2 semiquavers

semibreve rest 4 crotchets bull

o ~

)J --shy

J --- bull

j ~

~~ I

G

------

2- DOL TIE AND FERMATA

Dots ties and fermatas inerease the duration of the notes and rests

a) A dot after a note or rest inereases the duration by half of its value 115 the same as summing the note and the next note

A dotted semibreve is like a semibreve plus a minim

omiddot o +J A dotted minim is like a minim plus a erotehet

J+J A dotted erotehet is like a erotehet plus a quaver

J=J+j) A dotted quaver is like a quaver plus a semiquaver

j) = j)+ ~

b) A tie is a eurved line that joins the heads of two notes The notes can have different values but the piteh has to be the same beeause you dont play the second note and you sum the two values

d d J+J e) The fermata over a note or rest inereases its duration as mueh as the player decides usually twiee its value

(

el~J

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

Activity 4- Fiff in the chart The beat is the crotchet

Note

A dotted semibreve

A dotted minim

A dotted crotchet

A dotted quaver -

Sum

Semibreve plus minim

Beats

4+2=6

Activity 5- Write the dotted note values Draw three ties and write the time vafues

i J J 1 J fj J I]J ~ 11 n 1 J - 1I1 -

G

--

CREATE - r

3- READING RHYTHMS

We can read the notes with these syllables

j

n 1m

J j

n 1m

o

j

n 1m

J j

n 1m

Ta - a - a - a

Ta - a Ta - a

Ta Ta Ta Ta

Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute

Ti ritiacute ri Ti ritiacute ri Tiritiacuteri Tiritiacuteri

Dotted notes Rests

- Dotted minim ta a a (three crotchets) - Semibreve rest 1 234 - Dotted crotchet and a quaver ta y ti - Minim rest 1 2

- Crotchet rest 1 - Quaver rest y

Quavers and semiquavers

- Two semiquavers and a quaver tiri-ti - A quaver and two semiquavers ti-tiri

We can say anything we want for example the names of villages

BEL VIacuteS

AL CAU DE TE

NA VA DE RI CO MA LI LLO

TA I LA VE I RA TA I LA VEIRA TA I LA VE IRA TA I LA VEIRA

More examples

Caacutediz (2 minims) Barcelona (4 crotchets) Alicante Alicante (8 quavers) Zaragoza four times (16 semiquavers)

We can also rea d the notes with our body

1 semibreve make a complete turn shy2 minims tap your feet 4 crotchets clap four times 8 quavers snap your fingers 8 times 16 Semiquavers tap your thighs 16 times -

~-We can do a canon afterwards accompany a song and combine the movements in 4-beat patterns

~ -

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 6- Work with your partner 1 the beat is a crotchet make up a combination 04 beats choosing one o these possibilities

You can pick

- 4 cells of beats (1+1+1+1) or -1 cell oftwo beats and two cells of 1 beat (2+1+1) or -1 cell ofthree beats and 1 (3+1)

Before starting write the notes and rests by their na mes

1 beat

1 crotchet 2 crotchet rest

9

2 beats

a minima minim rest

3 beats

quaver and a quaver rest

3 2 quavers 4

a quaver rest and a quaver

11

a dotted minim

a dotted minim rest

5

quaver and 2 semiquashyvers

2 semiquavers and a quaver

6

2 semiquavers and a quaver rest

a quaver rest and 2 sem iq uavers

10

a dotted crotchet and a quaver

a quaver and a dotshyted crotchet

7 dotted quaver and semiquaver

8 4 semiquavers

Your four beats

After rehearsing the different cells with all the class practice in pairs your combination of four beats with body percussion or with a percussion instrumentoAsk your teacher if you have doubts

Then play it and other couple has to find out your combination of cells-Write here the combinations of your partners to be ready if you have to answer (you just have to write---h the numbers oftheir cells)--- Activity 7- Chinese whispers

~

Split in two rows The first player in every row is going to receive a 4-beat rhythm on his back He has to- pass the message through the row until the last one announces the rhythm to the entire group If he is right his line wins If any row is right we play again -

Activity 8- Mirror o rhythms

Work in pairs Make up a 4-beat rhythm again Play it and ask a couple to repeat it It they play it right they win a point and play their rhythm asking another couple and so on

------

3 -= LISTEN PLAY CREATE - 1

4- WRITING RHYTHMS WITH BARS

The measures or bars divide the rhythms in groups of two three or four beats

The bar lines divide those groups --== The first beat in every bar is stronger than the others Thats called an accent or stress ~

We indicate the kind of bar at the beginning of a score right after the clef with two numbers one above the other That s the time signature

A) The upper number indicates if every bar has 23 or 4 beats (duple meter triple meter or quadruple meter) l bull Number 2 its a duple meter with two beats The accent is the first beato

1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 JiexclI

Car-men A- na Car-Ios Lau-ra Mar-ta

lt lt lt lt lt

Marches and some dances use duple meter

bull Number 3 Its a triple meter with three beats The accent is the first beat ~

1 2 3 123 1 2 3 ~

Coacuter-do-ba Maacute-Ia-ga Sa-tu r-day

lt lt lt

Waltzes and lullabies use this meter

bull Number 4 Its a quadruple meter with four beats Its almost like two duple meters There are two

accents the first and the third beats but the third one is not as strong as the first one

Cat-chy rhy-thm 1 2 3 4 lt lt

c Most of pop-rock songs and electronic music use this meter

E B) The bottom number indicates the note that gets one beat (The crotchet is not always the beat)

- Number 4 The beat is the crotchet (there are 4 quarter notes in a whole) - Number 2 The beat is the minim (there are 2 half notes in a whole) - Number 8 The beat is the quaver (there are 8 eighth notes in a whole)

Activiacutety 9- Identify the sentence with a triple meter Cirele the accents

Es-te pe-rro tie-ne pul-gas

E-sa ca-sa tie-ne pla n-tas

Ven-te conmi-go que lIe-go muy tar-de

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning

--- ---shy---shy-----

Time signature Meaning

34

44

24

38

22

32

28

There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets

There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets

There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets

There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims

There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims

There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers

There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers

Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter

Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga

Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes

Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da

Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis

Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)

Mar-ta

lt

Anacrusis

Da vid Da vid Da vid Da

lt lt lt

Maacute-ni-ca

lt - -

Anacrusis

Noe-lia Noe-lia No

lt lt -

Ma-ri Car-men

lt - lt

J o-se Ca r-Ios

lt - lt

- o-iexcliexcl

~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i

-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the

~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_

- B duple or triple seore _

- C duple or triple seore _

- D duple or triple seore _

Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis

1 May it be (Enya)

A I~ -shy~

~ ~

fI 7r

a- _

I

-- bull

bull d

-I-J -- bull

I iquest-

2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)

How m3 - ny roads

f

tJ

lUust

4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -

-amp

3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)

- U -

f

U

-

-

- - -

4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)

fI

--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l

amp-l - - ~

-lt-- ~ ---1

~

- ampQ

~

_ ~

~

~

iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -

middot middot U

Lshy fI

middot middot shy

c

Activity 14- Write the bar fines

aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull

~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl

~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I

Activity 15- Complete all the bars

-111 s ~ ~~

LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a

Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars

24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl

34

44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ

--

----

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO

Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want

The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy

largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)

Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)

Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)

Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)

Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)

The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation

If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations

Accelerando or accel=gradually faster

Ritardando or rito =gradually slower

6- REPETITION MARKS

When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks

The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line

- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl

~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I

- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~

e-shy

~

=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy

-~ -

-----

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time

bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235

l I 2

l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~

Activity 17- Guess the tempo

Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo

The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works

Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate

- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio

---

- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -

-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -

--shyG

-----------

----

-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl

~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _

Can-Can Jacques Offenbach

Allegro Il - ~ I-c

u 4shy

Il

-

~ lt)

-u 4shy

-

e

Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach

---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature

-

Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where

Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different

-shy-shy ~ -Ia-

-Which is this new tempo

-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy

--

---

---

--

== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS

== -

--

-== ----

-

Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above

- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult

Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different

rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~

---shy

--

----

-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =

Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==

Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum

and when you count 3 play the snare drum

- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4

- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3

When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom

== A human drum kit

You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit

- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)

This is the result

-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4

-

PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -

PAM (hands) - - - -

CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -

~

Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo

Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones

~

httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

REVIEW ACTIVITIES

Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet

- A dotted semibreve

- A dotted crotehet

- A quaver

- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie

- A dotted minim

Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning

Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse

Rhythm Its the speed of the music

Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests

Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests

Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes

a) The metronome indieates the time signature

b) A tie can join a mi with a fa

e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato

d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative

Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis

Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do

I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I

Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures

24

38

22

44

00

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 2: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

LISTEN PlAY CREATE - 1

Activity 1- Complete these statements

A crotchet lasts the same as two _________

Four semiquavers last the same as one _______

Two quavers last the same as one _________

Four semiquavers last the same as two _______

Four crotchets last the same as two ________

Activity 2- FifI in the chart

Time values if a crotchet Note and description Rest and description Two names

is one beato

-Its under the fourth line

t

12

Half a beat

~ - ~~ One has two flags Two or

more have two beams

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bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull

Activity 3- Join and write the notes by their names

semibreve 2 semiquavers

bullmiddotminim 2 quavers

middotcrotchet 2 crotchets

bull quaver 2 minim rests bullbullbull semibreve rest 2 minims bull

bullmiddotsemibreve 4 quavers bullbullbullmiddotminim 4 crotchets bullbullbullmiddotcrotchet 4 crotchet rests bullbullbullmiddotsemibreve rest 4 quaver rests

bullmiddotminim rest 4 semiquavers bull

1 crotchet 8 semiquavers

1 minim 2 quavers

1 minim rest and two 1 semibreve

crotchet rests

1 quaver 2 semiquavers

semibreve rest 4 crotchets bull

o ~

)J --shy

J --- bull

j ~

~~ I

G

------

2- DOL TIE AND FERMATA

Dots ties and fermatas inerease the duration of the notes and rests

a) A dot after a note or rest inereases the duration by half of its value 115 the same as summing the note and the next note

A dotted semibreve is like a semibreve plus a minim

omiddot o +J A dotted minim is like a minim plus a erotehet

J+J A dotted erotehet is like a erotehet plus a quaver

J=J+j) A dotted quaver is like a quaver plus a semiquaver

j) = j)+ ~

b) A tie is a eurved line that joins the heads of two notes The notes can have different values but the piteh has to be the same beeause you dont play the second note and you sum the two values

d d J+J e) The fermata over a note or rest inereases its duration as mueh as the player decides usually twiee its value

(

el~J

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

Activity 4- Fiff in the chart The beat is the crotchet

Note

A dotted semibreve

A dotted minim

A dotted crotchet

A dotted quaver -

Sum

Semibreve plus minim

Beats

4+2=6

Activity 5- Write the dotted note values Draw three ties and write the time vafues

i J J 1 J fj J I]J ~ 11 n 1 J - 1I1 -

G

--

CREATE - r

3- READING RHYTHMS

We can read the notes with these syllables

j

n 1m

J j

n 1m

o

j

n 1m

J j

n 1m

Ta - a - a - a

Ta - a Ta - a

Ta Ta Ta Ta

Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute

Ti ritiacute ri Ti ritiacute ri Tiritiacuteri Tiritiacuteri

Dotted notes Rests

- Dotted minim ta a a (three crotchets) - Semibreve rest 1 234 - Dotted crotchet and a quaver ta y ti - Minim rest 1 2

- Crotchet rest 1 - Quaver rest y

Quavers and semiquavers

- Two semiquavers and a quaver tiri-ti - A quaver and two semiquavers ti-tiri

We can say anything we want for example the names of villages

BEL VIacuteS

AL CAU DE TE

NA VA DE RI CO MA LI LLO

TA I LA VE I RA TA I LA VEIRA TA I LA VE IRA TA I LA VEIRA

More examples

Caacutediz (2 minims) Barcelona (4 crotchets) Alicante Alicante (8 quavers) Zaragoza four times (16 semiquavers)

We can also rea d the notes with our body

1 semibreve make a complete turn shy2 minims tap your feet 4 crotchets clap four times 8 quavers snap your fingers 8 times 16 Semiquavers tap your thighs 16 times -

~-We can do a canon afterwards accompany a song and combine the movements in 4-beat patterns

~ -

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 6- Work with your partner 1 the beat is a crotchet make up a combination 04 beats choosing one o these possibilities

You can pick

- 4 cells of beats (1+1+1+1) or -1 cell oftwo beats and two cells of 1 beat (2+1+1) or -1 cell ofthree beats and 1 (3+1)

Before starting write the notes and rests by their na mes

1 beat

1 crotchet 2 crotchet rest

9

2 beats

a minima minim rest

3 beats

quaver and a quaver rest

3 2 quavers 4

a quaver rest and a quaver

11

a dotted minim

a dotted minim rest

5

quaver and 2 semiquashyvers

2 semiquavers and a quaver

6

2 semiquavers and a quaver rest

a quaver rest and 2 sem iq uavers

10

a dotted crotchet and a quaver

a quaver and a dotshyted crotchet

7 dotted quaver and semiquaver

8 4 semiquavers

Your four beats

After rehearsing the different cells with all the class practice in pairs your combination of four beats with body percussion or with a percussion instrumentoAsk your teacher if you have doubts

Then play it and other couple has to find out your combination of cells-Write here the combinations of your partners to be ready if you have to answer (you just have to write---h the numbers oftheir cells)--- Activity 7- Chinese whispers

~

Split in two rows The first player in every row is going to receive a 4-beat rhythm on his back He has to- pass the message through the row until the last one announces the rhythm to the entire group If he is right his line wins If any row is right we play again -

Activity 8- Mirror o rhythms

Work in pairs Make up a 4-beat rhythm again Play it and ask a couple to repeat it It they play it right they win a point and play their rhythm asking another couple and so on

------

3 -= LISTEN PLAY CREATE - 1

4- WRITING RHYTHMS WITH BARS

The measures or bars divide the rhythms in groups of two three or four beats

The bar lines divide those groups --== The first beat in every bar is stronger than the others Thats called an accent or stress ~

We indicate the kind of bar at the beginning of a score right after the clef with two numbers one above the other That s the time signature

A) The upper number indicates if every bar has 23 or 4 beats (duple meter triple meter or quadruple meter) l bull Number 2 its a duple meter with two beats The accent is the first beato

1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 JiexclI

Car-men A- na Car-Ios Lau-ra Mar-ta

lt lt lt lt lt

Marches and some dances use duple meter

bull Number 3 Its a triple meter with three beats The accent is the first beat ~

1 2 3 123 1 2 3 ~

Coacuter-do-ba Maacute-Ia-ga Sa-tu r-day

lt lt lt

Waltzes and lullabies use this meter

bull Number 4 Its a quadruple meter with four beats Its almost like two duple meters There are two

accents the first and the third beats but the third one is not as strong as the first one

Cat-chy rhy-thm 1 2 3 4 lt lt

c Most of pop-rock songs and electronic music use this meter

E B) The bottom number indicates the note that gets one beat (The crotchet is not always the beat)

- Number 4 The beat is the crotchet (there are 4 quarter notes in a whole) - Number 2 The beat is the minim (there are 2 half notes in a whole) - Number 8 The beat is the quaver (there are 8 eighth notes in a whole)

Activiacutety 9- Identify the sentence with a triple meter Cirele the accents

Es-te pe-rro tie-ne pul-gas

E-sa ca-sa tie-ne pla n-tas

Ven-te conmi-go que lIe-go muy tar-de

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning

--- ---shy---shy-----

Time signature Meaning

34

44

24

38

22

32

28

There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets

There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets

There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets

There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims

There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims

There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers

There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers

Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter

Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga

Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes

Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da

Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis

Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)

Mar-ta

lt

Anacrusis

Da vid Da vid Da vid Da

lt lt lt

Maacute-ni-ca

lt - -

Anacrusis

Noe-lia Noe-lia No

lt lt -

Ma-ri Car-men

lt - lt

J o-se Ca r-Ios

lt - lt

- o-iexcliexcl

~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i

-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the

~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_

- B duple or triple seore _

- C duple or triple seore _

- D duple or triple seore _

Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis

1 May it be (Enya)

A I~ -shy~

~ ~

fI 7r

a- _

I

-- bull

bull d

-I-J -- bull

I iquest-

2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)

How m3 - ny roads

f

tJ

lUust

4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -

-amp

3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)

- U -

f

U

-

-

- - -

4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)

fI

--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l

amp-l - - ~

-lt-- ~ ---1

~

- ampQ

~

_ ~

~

~

iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -

middot middot U

Lshy fI

middot middot shy

c

Activity 14- Write the bar fines

aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull

~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl

~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I

Activity 15- Complete all the bars

-111 s ~ ~~

LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a

Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars

24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl

34

44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ

--

----

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO

Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want

The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy

largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)

Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)

Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)

Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)

Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)

The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation

If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations

Accelerando or accel=gradually faster

Ritardando or rito =gradually slower

6- REPETITION MARKS

When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks

The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line

- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl

~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I

- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~

e-shy

~

=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy

-~ -

-----

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time

bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235

l I 2

l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~

Activity 17- Guess the tempo

Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo

The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works

Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate

- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio

---

- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -

-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -

--shyG

-----------

----

-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl

~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _

Can-Can Jacques Offenbach

Allegro Il - ~ I-c

u 4shy

Il

-

~ lt)

-u 4shy

-

e

Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach

---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature

-

Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where

Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different

-shy-shy ~ -Ia-

-Which is this new tempo

-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy

--

---

---

--

== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS

== -

--

-== ----

-

Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above

- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult

Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different

rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~

---shy

--

----

-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =

Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==

Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum

and when you count 3 play the snare drum

- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4

- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3

When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom

== A human drum kit

You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit

- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)

This is the result

-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4

-

PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -

PAM (hands) - - - -

CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -

~

Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo

Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones

~

httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

REVIEW ACTIVITIES

Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet

- A dotted semibreve

- A dotted crotehet

- A quaver

- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie

- A dotted minim

Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning

Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse

Rhythm Its the speed of the music

Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests

Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests

Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes

a) The metronome indieates the time signature

b) A tie can join a mi with a fa

e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato

d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative

Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis

Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do

I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I

Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures

24

38

22

44

00

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 3: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

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Activity 3- Join and write the notes by their names

semibreve 2 semiquavers

bullmiddotminim 2 quavers

middotcrotchet 2 crotchets

bull quaver 2 minim rests bullbullbull semibreve rest 2 minims bull

bullmiddotsemibreve 4 quavers bullbullbullmiddotminim 4 crotchets bullbullbullmiddotcrotchet 4 crotchet rests bullbullbullmiddotsemibreve rest 4 quaver rests

bullmiddotminim rest 4 semiquavers bull

1 crotchet 8 semiquavers

1 minim 2 quavers

1 minim rest and two 1 semibreve

crotchet rests

1 quaver 2 semiquavers

semibreve rest 4 crotchets bull

o ~

)J --shy

J --- bull

j ~

~~ I

G

------

2- DOL TIE AND FERMATA

Dots ties and fermatas inerease the duration of the notes and rests

a) A dot after a note or rest inereases the duration by half of its value 115 the same as summing the note and the next note

A dotted semibreve is like a semibreve plus a minim

omiddot o +J A dotted minim is like a minim plus a erotehet

J+J A dotted erotehet is like a erotehet plus a quaver

J=J+j) A dotted quaver is like a quaver plus a semiquaver

j) = j)+ ~

b) A tie is a eurved line that joins the heads of two notes The notes can have different values but the piteh has to be the same beeause you dont play the second note and you sum the two values

d d J+J e) The fermata over a note or rest inereases its duration as mueh as the player decides usually twiee its value

(

el~J

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

Activity 4- Fiff in the chart The beat is the crotchet

Note

A dotted semibreve

A dotted minim

A dotted crotchet

A dotted quaver -

Sum

Semibreve plus minim

Beats

4+2=6

Activity 5- Write the dotted note values Draw three ties and write the time vafues

i J J 1 J fj J I]J ~ 11 n 1 J - 1I1 -

G

--

CREATE - r

3- READING RHYTHMS

We can read the notes with these syllables

j

n 1m

J j

n 1m

o

j

n 1m

J j

n 1m

Ta - a - a - a

Ta - a Ta - a

Ta Ta Ta Ta

Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute

Ti ritiacute ri Ti ritiacute ri Tiritiacuteri Tiritiacuteri

Dotted notes Rests

- Dotted minim ta a a (three crotchets) - Semibreve rest 1 234 - Dotted crotchet and a quaver ta y ti - Minim rest 1 2

- Crotchet rest 1 - Quaver rest y

Quavers and semiquavers

- Two semiquavers and a quaver tiri-ti - A quaver and two semiquavers ti-tiri

We can say anything we want for example the names of villages

BEL VIacuteS

AL CAU DE TE

NA VA DE RI CO MA LI LLO

TA I LA VE I RA TA I LA VEIRA TA I LA VE IRA TA I LA VEIRA

More examples

Caacutediz (2 minims) Barcelona (4 crotchets) Alicante Alicante (8 quavers) Zaragoza four times (16 semiquavers)

We can also rea d the notes with our body

1 semibreve make a complete turn shy2 minims tap your feet 4 crotchets clap four times 8 quavers snap your fingers 8 times 16 Semiquavers tap your thighs 16 times -

~-We can do a canon afterwards accompany a song and combine the movements in 4-beat patterns

~ -

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 6- Work with your partner 1 the beat is a crotchet make up a combination 04 beats choosing one o these possibilities

You can pick

- 4 cells of beats (1+1+1+1) or -1 cell oftwo beats and two cells of 1 beat (2+1+1) or -1 cell ofthree beats and 1 (3+1)

Before starting write the notes and rests by their na mes

1 beat

1 crotchet 2 crotchet rest

9

2 beats

a minima minim rest

3 beats

quaver and a quaver rest

3 2 quavers 4

a quaver rest and a quaver

11

a dotted minim

a dotted minim rest

5

quaver and 2 semiquashyvers

2 semiquavers and a quaver

6

2 semiquavers and a quaver rest

a quaver rest and 2 sem iq uavers

10

a dotted crotchet and a quaver

a quaver and a dotshyted crotchet

7 dotted quaver and semiquaver

8 4 semiquavers

Your four beats

After rehearsing the different cells with all the class practice in pairs your combination of four beats with body percussion or with a percussion instrumentoAsk your teacher if you have doubts

Then play it and other couple has to find out your combination of cells-Write here the combinations of your partners to be ready if you have to answer (you just have to write---h the numbers oftheir cells)--- Activity 7- Chinese whispers

~

Split in two rows The first player in every row is going to receive a 4-beat rhythm on his back He has to- pass the message through the row until the last one announces the rhythm to the entire group If he is right his line wins If any row is right we play again -

Activity 8- Mirror o rhythms

Work in pairs Make up a 4-beat rhythm again Play it and ask a couple to repeat it It they play it right they win a point and play their rhythm asking another couple and so on

------

3 -= LISTEN PLAY CREATE - 1

4- WRITING RHYTHMS WITH BARS

The measures or bars divide the rhythms in groups of two three or four beats

The bar lines divide those groups --== The first beat in every bar is stronger than the others Thats called an accent or stress ~

We indicate the kind of bar at the beginning of a score right after the clef with two numbers one above the other That s the time signature

A) The upper number indicates if every bar has 23 or 4 beats (duple meter triple meter or quadruple meter) l bull Number 2 its a duple meter with two beats The accent is the first beato

1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 JiexclI

Car-men A- na Car-Ios Lau-ra Mar-ta

lt lt lt lt lt

Marches and some dances use duple meter

bull Number 3 Its a triple meter with three beats The accent is the first beat ~

1 2 3 123 1 2 3 ~

Coacuter-do-ba Maacute-Ia-ga Sa-tu r-day

lt lt lt

Waltzes and lullabies use this meter

bull Number 4 Its a quadruple meter with four beats Its almost like two duple meters There are two

accents the first and the third beats but the third one is not as strong as the first one

Cat-chy rhy-thm 1 2 3 4 lt lt

c Most of pop-rock songs and electronic music use this meter

E B) The bottom number indicates the note that gets one beat (The crotchet is not always the beat)

- Number 4 The beat is the crotchet (there are 4 quarter notes in a whole) - Number 2 The beat is the minim (there are 2 half notes in a whole) - Number 8 The beat is the quaver (there are 8 eighth notes in a whole)

Activiacutety 9- Identify the sentence with a triple meter Cirele the accents

Es-te pe-rro tie-ne pul-gas

E-sa ca-sa tie-ne pla n-tas

Ven-te conmi-go que lIe-go muy tar-de

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning

--- ---shy---shy-----

Time signature Meaning

34

44

24

38

22

32

28

There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets

There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets

There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets

There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims

There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims

There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers

There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers

Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter

Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga

Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes

Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da

Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis

Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)

Mar-ta

lt

Anacrusis

Da vid Da vid Da vid Da

lt lt lt

Maacute-ni-ca

lt - -

Anacrusis

Noe-lia Noe-lia No

lt lt -

Ma-ri Car-men

lt - lt

J o-se Ca r-Ios

lt - lt

- o-iexcliexcl

~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i

-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the

~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_

- B duple or triple seore _

- C duple or triple seore _

- D duple or triple seore _

Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis

1 May it be (Enya)

A I~ -shy~

~ ~

fI 7r

a- _

I

-- bull

bull d

-I-J -- bull

I iquest-

2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)

How m3 - ny roads

f

tJ

lUust

4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -

-amp

3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)

- U -

f

U

-

-

- - -

4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)

fI

--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l

amp-l - - ~

-lt-- ~ ---1

~

- ampQ

~

_ ~

~

~

iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -

middot middot U

Lshy fI

middot middot shy

c

Activity 14- Write the bar fines

aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull

~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl

~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I

Activity 15- Complete all the bars

-111 s ~ ~~

LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a

Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars

24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl

34

44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ

--

----

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO

Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want

The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy

largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)

Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)

Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)

Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)

Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)

The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation

If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations

Accelerando or accel=gradually faster

Ritardando or rito =gradually slower

6- REPETITION MARKS

When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks

The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line

- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl

~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I

- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~

e-shy

~

=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy

-~ -

-----

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time

bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235

l I 2

l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~

Activity 17- Guess the tempo

Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo

The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works

Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate

- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio

---

- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -

-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -

--shyG

-----------

----

-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl

~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _

Can-Can Jacques Offenbach

Allegro Il - ~ I-c

u 4shy

Il

-

~ lt)

-u 4shy

-

e

Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach

---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature

-

Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where

Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different

-shy-shy ~ -Ia-

-Which is this new tempo

-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy

--

---

---

--

== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS

== -

--

-== ----

-

Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above

- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult

Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different

rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~

---shy

--

----

-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =

Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==

Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum

and when you count 3 play the snare drum

- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4

- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3

When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom

== A human drum kit

You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit

- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)

This is the result

-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4

-

PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -

PAM (hands) - - - -

CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -

~

Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo

Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones

~

httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

REVIEW ACTIVITIES

Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet

- A dotted semibreve

- A dotted crotehet

- A quaver

- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie

- A dotted minim

Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning

Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse

Rhythm Its the speed of the music

Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests

Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests

Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes

a) The metronome indieates the time signature

b) A tie can join a mi with a fa

e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato

d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative

Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis

Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do

I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I

Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures

24

38

22

44

00

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 4: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

------

2- DOL TIE AND FERMATA

Dots ties and fermatas inerease the duration of the notes and rests

a) A dot after a note or rest inereases the duration by half of its value 115 the same as summing the note and the next note

A dotted semibreve is like a semibreve plus a minim

omiddot o +J A dotted minim is like a minim plus a erotehet

J+J A dotted erotehet is like a erotehet plus a quaver

J=J+j) A dotted quaver is like a quaver plus a semiquaver

j) = j)+ ~

b) A tie is a eurved line that joins the heads of two notes The notes can have different values but the piteh has to be the same beeause you dont play the second note and you sum the two values

d d J+J e) The fermata over a note or rest inereases its duration as mueh as the player decides usually twiee its value

(

el~J

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

Activity 4- Fiff in the chart The beat is the crotchet

Note

A dotted semibreve

A dotted minim

A dotted crotchet

A dotted quaver -

Sum

Semibreve plus minim

Beats

4+2=6

Activity 5- Write the dotted note values Draw three ties and write the time vafues

i J J 1 J fj J I]J ~ 11 n 1 J - 1I1 -

G

--

CREATE - r

3- READING RHYTHMS

We can read the notes with these syllables

j

n 1m

J j

n 1m

o

j

n 1m

J j

n 1m

Ta - a - a - a

Ta - a Ta - a

Ta Ta Ta Ta

Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute

Ti ritiacute ri Ti ritiacute ri Tiritiacuteri Tiritiacuteri

Dotted notes Rests

- Dotted minim ta a a (three crotchets) - Semibreve rest 1 234 - Dotted crotchet and a quaver ta y ti - Minim rest 1 2

- Crotchet rest 1 - Quaver rest y

Quavers and semiquavers

- Two semiquavers and a quaver tiri-ti - A quaver and two semiquavers ti-tiri

We can say anything we want for example the names of villages

BEL VIacuteS

AL CAU DE TE

NA VA DE RI CO MA LI LLO

TA I LA VE I RA TA I LA VEIRA TA I LA VE IRA TA I LA VEIRA

More examples

Caacutediz (2 minims) Barcelona (4 crotchets) Alicante Alicante (8 quavers) Zaragoza four times (16 semiquavers)

We can also rea d the notes with our body

1 semibreve make a complete turn shy2 minims tap your feet 4 crotchets clap four times 8 quavers snap your fingers 8 times 16 Semiquavers tap your thighs 16 times -

~-We can do a canon afterwards accompany a song and combine the movements in 4-beat patterns

~ -

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 6- Work with your partner 1 the beat is a crotchet make up a combination 04 beats choosing one o these possibilities

You can pick

- 4 cells of beats (1+1+1+1) or -1 cell oftwo beats and two cells of 1 beat (2+1+1) or -1 cell ofthree beats and 1 (3+1)

Before starting write the notes and rests by their na mes

1 beat

1 crotchet 2 crotchet rest

9

2 beats

a minima minim rest

3 beats

quaver and a quaver rest

3 2 quavers 4

a quaver rest and a quaver

11

a dotted minim

a dotted minim rest

5

quaver and 2 semiquashyvers

2 semiquavers and a quaver

6

2 semiquavers and a quaver rest

a quaver rest and 2 sem iq uavers

10

a dotted crotchet and a quaver

a quaver and a dotshyted crotchet

7 dotted quaver and semiquaver

8 4 semiquavers

Your four beats

After rehearsing the different cells with all the class practice in pairs your combination of four beats with body percussion or with a percussion instrumentoAsk your teacher if you have doubts

Then play it and other couple has to find out your combination of cells-Write here the combinations of your partners to be ready if you have to answer (you just have to write---h the numbers oftheir cells)--- Activity 7- Chinese whispers

~

Split in two rows The first player in every row is going to receive a 4-beat rhythm on his back He has to- pass the message through the row until the last one announces the rhythm to the entire group If he is right his line wins If any row is right we play again -

Activity 8- Mirror o rhythms

Work in pairs Make up a 4-beat rhythm again Play it and ask a couple to repeat it It they play it right they win a point and play their rhythm asking another couple and so on

------

3 -= LISTEN PLAY CREATE - 1

4- WRITING RHYTHMS WITH BARS

The measures or bars divide the rhythms in groups of two three or four beats

The bar lines divide those groups --== The first beat in every bar is stronger than the others Thats called an accent or stress ~

We indicate the kind of bar at the beginning of a score right after the clef with two numbers one above the other That s the time signature

A) The upper number indicates if every bar has 23 or 4 beats (duple meter triple meter or quadruple meter) l bull Number 2 its a duple meter with two beats The accent is the first beato

1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 JiexclI

Car-men A- na Car-Ios Lau-ra Mar-ta

lt lt lt lt lt

Marches and some dances use duple meter

bull Number 3 Its a triple meter with three beats The accent is the first beat ~

1 2 3 123 1 2 3 ~

Coacuter-do-ba Maacute-Ia-ga Sa-tu r-day

lt lt lt

Waltzes and lullabies use this meter

bull Number 4 Its a quadruple meter with four beats Its almost like two duple meters There are two

accents the first and the third beats but the third one is not as strong as the first one

Cat-chy rhy-thm 1 2 3 4 lt lt

c Most of pop-rock songs and electronic music use this meter

E B) The bottom number indicates the note that gets one beat (The crotchet is not always the beat)

- Number 4 The beat is the crotchet (there are 4 quarter notes in a whole) - Number 2 The beat is the minim (there are 2 half notes in a whole) - Number 8 The beat is the quaver (there are 8 eighth notes in a whole)

Activiacutety 9- Identify the sentence with a triple meter Cirele the accents

Es-te pe-rro tie-ne pul-gas

E-sa ca-sa tie-ne pla n-tas

Ven-te conmi-go que lIe-go muy tar-de

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning

--- ---shy---shy-----

Time signature Meaning

34

44

24

38

22

32

28

There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets

There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets

There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets

There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims

There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims

There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers

There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers

Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter

Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga

Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes

Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da

Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis

Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)

Mar-ta

lt

Anacrusis

Da vid Da vid Da vid Da

lt lt lt

Maacute-ni-ca

lt - -

Anacrusis

Noe-lia Noe-lia No

lt lt -

Ma-ri Car-men

lt - lt

J o-se Ca r-Ios

lt - lt

- o-iexcliexcl

~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i

-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the

~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_

- B duple or triple seore _

- C duple or triple seore _

- D duple or triple seore _

Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis

1 May it be (Enya)

A I~ -shy~

~ ~

fI 7r

a- _

I

-- bull

bull d

-I-J -- bull

I iquest-

2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)

How m3 - ny roads

f

tJ

lUust

4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -

-amp

3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)

- U -

f

U

-

-

- - -

4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)

fI

--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l

amp-l - - ~

-lt-- ~ ---1

~

- ampQ

~

_ ~

~

~

iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -

middot middot U

Lshy fI

middot middot shy

c

Activity 14- Write the bar fines

aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull

~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl

~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I

Activity 15- Complete all the bars

-111 s ~ ~~

LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a

Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars

24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl

34

44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ

--

----

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO

Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want

The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy

largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)

Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)

Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)

Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)

Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)

The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation

If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations

Accelerando or accel=gradually faster

Ritardando or rito =gradually slower

6- REPETITION MARKS

When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks

The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line

- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl

~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I

- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~

e-shy

~

=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy

-~ -

-----

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time

bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235

l I 2

l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~

Activity 17- Guess the tempo

Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo

The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works

Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate

- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio

---

- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -

-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -

--shyG

-----------

----

-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl

~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _

Can-Can Jacques Offenbach

Allegro Il - ~ I-c

u 4shy

Il

-

~ lt)

-u 4shy

-

e

Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach

---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature

-

Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where

Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different

-shy-shy ~ -Ia-

-Which is this new tempo

-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy

--

---

---

--

== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS

== -

--

-== ----

-

Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above

- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult

Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different

rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~

---shy

--

----

-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =

Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==

Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum

and when you count 3 play the snare drum

- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4

- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3

When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom

== A human drum kit

You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit

- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)

This is the result

-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4

-

PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -

PAM (hands) - - - -

CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -

~

Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo

Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones

~

httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

REVIEW ACTIVITIES

Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet

- A dotted semibreve

- A dotted crotehet

- A quaver

- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie

- A dotted minim

Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning

Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse

Rhythm Its the speed of the music

Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests

Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests

Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes

a) The metronome indieates the time signature

b) A tie can join a mi with a fa

e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato

d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative

Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis

Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do

I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I

Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures

24

38

22

44

00

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 5: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

Activity 4- Fiff in the chart The beat is the crotchet

Note

A dotted semibreve

A dotted minim

A dotted crotchet

A dotted quaver -

Sum

Semibreve plus minim

Beats

4+2=6

Activity 5- Write the dotted note values Draw three ties and write the time vafues

i J J 1 J fj J I]J ~ 11 n 1 J - 1I1 -

G

--

CREATE - r

3- READING RHYTHMS

We can read the notes with these syllables

j

n 1m

J j

n 1m

o

j

n 1m

J j

n 1m

Ta - a - a - a

Ta - a Ta - a

Ta Ta Ta Ta

Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute

Ti ritiacute ri Ti ritiacute ri Tiritiacuteri Tiritiacuteri

Dotted notes Rests

- Dotted minim ta a a (three crotchets) - Semibreve rest 1 234 - Dotted crotchet and a quaver ta y ti - Minim rest 1 2

- Crotchet rest 1 - Quaver rest y

Quavers and semiquavers

- Two semiquavers and a quaver tiri-ti - A quaver and two semiquavers ti-tiri

We can say anything we want for example the names of villages

BEL VIacuteS

AL CAU DE TE

NA VA DE RI CO MA LI LLO

TA I LA VE I RA TA I LA VEIRA TA I LA VE IRA TA I LA VEIRA

More examples

Caacutediz (2 minims) Barcelona (4 crotchets) Alicante Alicante (8 quavers) Zaragoza four times (16 semiquavers)

We can also rea d the notes with our body

1 semibreve make a complete turn shy2 minims tap your feet 4 crotchets clap four times 8 quavers snap your fingers 8 times 16 Semiquavers tap your thighs 16 times -

~-We can do a canon afterwards accompany a song and combine the movements in 4-beat patterns

~ -

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 6- Work with your partner 1 the beat is a crotchet make up a combination 04 beats choosing one o these possibilities

You can pick

- 4 cells of beats (1+1+1+1) or -1 cell oftwo beats and two cells of 1 beat (2+1+1) or -1 cell ofthree beats and 1 (3+1)

Before starting write the notes and rests by their na mes

1 beat

1 crotchet 2 crotchet rest

9

2 beats

a minima minim rest

3 beats

quaver and a quaver rest

3 2 quavers 4

a quaver rest and a quaver

11

a dotted minim

a dotted minim rest

5

quaver and 2 semiquashyvers

2 semiquavers and a quaver

6

2 semiquavers and a quaver rest

a quaver rest and 2 sem iq uavers

10

a dotted crotchet and a quaver

a quaver and a dotshyted crotchet

7 dotted quaver and semiquaver

8 4 semiquavers

Your four beats

After rehearsing the different cells with all the class practice in pairs your combination of four beats with body percussion or with a percussion instrumentoAsk your teacher if you have doubts

Then play it and other couple has to find out your combination of cells-Write here the combinations of your partners to be ready if you have to answer (you just have to write---h the numbers oftheir cells)--- Activity 7- Chinese whispers

~

Split in two rows The first player in every row is going to receive a 4-beat rhythm on his back He has to- pass the message through the row until the last one announces the rhythm to the entire group If he is right his line wins If any row is right we play again -

Activity 8- Mirror o rhythms

Work in pairs Make up a 4-beat rhythm again Play it and ask a couple to repeat it It they play it right they win a point and play their rhythm asking another couple and so on

------

3 -= LISTEN PLAY CREATE - 1

4- WRITING RHYTHMS WITH BARS

The measures or bars divide the rhythms in groups of two three or four beats

The bar lines divide those groups --== The first beat in every bar is stronger than the others Thats called an accent or stress ~

We indicate the kind of bar at the beginning of a score right after the clef with two numbers one above the other That s the time signature

A) The upper number indicates if every bar has 23 or 4 beats (duple meter triple meter or quadruple meter) l bull Number 2 its a duple meter with two beats The accent is the first beato

1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 JiexclI

Car-men A- na Car-Ios Lau-ra Mar-ta

lt lt lt lt lt

Marches and some dances use duple meter

bull Number 3 Its a triple meter with three beats The accent is the first beat ~

1 2 3 123 1 2 3 ~

Coacuter-do-ba Maacute-Ia-ga Sa-tu r-day

lt lt lt

Waltzes and lullabies use this meter

bull Number 4 Its a quadruple meter with four beats Its almost like two duple meters There are two

accents the first and the third beats but the third one is not as strong as the first one

Cat-chy rhy-thm 1 2 3 4 lt lt

c Most of pop-rock songs and electronic music use this meter

E B) The bottom number indicates the note that gets one beat (The crotchet is not always the beat)

- Number 4 The beat is the crotchet (there are 4 quarter notes in a whole) - Number 2 The beat is the minim (there are 2 half notes in a whole) - Number 8 The beat is the quaver (there are 8 eighth notes in a whole)

Activiacutety 9- Identify the sentence with a triple meter Cirele the accents

Es-te pe-rro tie-ne pul-gas

E-sa ca-sa tie-ne pla n-tas

Ven-te conmi-go que lIe-go muy tar-de

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning

--- ---shy---shy-----

Time signature Meaning

34

44

24

38

22

32

28

There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets

There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets

There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets

There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims

There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims

There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers

There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers

Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter

Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga

Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes

Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da

Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis

Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)

Mar-ta

lt

Anacrusis

Da vid Da vid Da vid Da

lt lt lt

Maacute-ni-ca

lt - -

Anacrusis

Noe-lia Noe-lia No

lt lt -

Ma-ri Car-men

lt - lt

J o-se Ca r-Ios

lt - lt

- o-iexcliexcl

~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i

-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the

~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_

- B duple or triple seore _

- C duple or triple seore _

- D duple or triple seore _

Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis

1 May it be (Enya)

A I~ -shy~

~ ~

fI 7r

a- _

I

-- bull

bull d

-I-J -- bull

I iquest-

2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)

How m3 - ny roads

f

tJ

lUust

4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -

-amp

3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)

- U -

f

U

-

-

- - -

4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)

fI

--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l

amp-l - - ~

-lt-- ~ ---1

~

- ampQ

~

_ ~

~

~

iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -

middot middot U

Lshy fI

middot middot shy

c

Activity 14- Write the bar fines

aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull

~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl

~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I

Activity 15- Complete all the bars

-111 s ~ ~~

LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a

Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars

24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl

34

44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ

--

----

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO

Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want

The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy

largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)

Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)

Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)

Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)

Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)

The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation

If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations

Accelerando or accel=gradually faster

Ritardando or rito =gradually slower

6- REPETITION MARKS

When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks

The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line

- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl

~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I

- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~

e-shy

~

=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy

-~ -

-----

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time

bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235

l I 2

l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~

Activity 17- Guess the tempo

Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo

The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works

Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate

- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio

---

- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -

-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -

--shyG

-----------

----

-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl

~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _

Can-Can Jacques Offenbach

Allegro Il - ~ I-c

u 4shy

Il

-

~ lt)

-u 4shy

-

e

Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach

---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature

-

Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where

Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different

-shy-shy ~ -Ia-

-Which is this new tempo

-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy

--

---

---

--

== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS

== -

--

-== ----

-

Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above

- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult

Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different

rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~

---shy

--

----

-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =

Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==

Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum

and when you count 3 play the snare drum

- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4

- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3

When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom

== A human drum kit

You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit

- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)

This is the result

-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4

-

PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -

PAM (hands) - - - -

CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -

~

Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo

Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones

~

httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

REVIEW ACTIVITIES

Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet

- A dotted semibreve

- A dotted crotehet

- A quaver

- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie

- A dotted minim

Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning

Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse

Rhythm Its the speed of the music

Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests

Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests

Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes

a) The metronome indieates the time signature

b) A tie can join a mi with a fa

e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato

d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative

Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis

Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do

I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I

Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures

24

38

22

44

00

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 6: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

--

CREATE - r

3- READING RHYTHMS

We can read the notes with these syllables

j

n 1m

J j

n 1m

o

j

n 1m

J j

n 1m

Ta - a - a - a

Ta - a Ta - a

Ta Ta Ta Ta

Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute Titiacute

Ti ritiacute ri Ti ritiacute ri Tiritiacuteri Tiritiacuteri

Dotted notes Rests

- Dotted minim ta a a (three crotchets) - Semibreve rest 1 234 - Dotted crotchet and a quaver ta y ti - Minim rest 1 2

- Crotchet rest 1 - Quaver rest y

Quavers and semiquavers

- Two semiquavers and a quaver tiri-ti - A quaver and two semiquavers ti-tiri

We can say anything we want for example the names of villages

BEL VIacuteS

AL CAU DE TE

NA VA DE RI CO MA LI LLO

TA I LA VE I RA TA I LA VEIRA TA I LA VE IRA TA I LA VEIRA

More examples

Caacutediz (2 minims) Barcelona (4 crotchets) Alicante Alicante (8 quavers) Zaragoza four times (16 semiquavers)

We can also rea d the notes with our body

1 semibreve make a complete turn shy2 minims tap your feet 4 crotchets clap four times 8 quavers snap your fingers 8 times 16 Semiquavers tap your thighs 16 times -

~-We can do a canon afterwards accompany a song and combine the movements in 4-beat patterns

~ -

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 6- Work with your partner 1 the beat is a crotchet make up a combination 04 beats choosing one o these possibilities

You can pick

- 4 cells of beats (1+1+1+1) or -1 cell oftwo beats and two cells of 1 beat (2+1+1) or -1 cell ofthree beats and 1 (3+1)

Before starting write the notes and rests by their na mes

1 beat

1 crotchet 2 crotchet rest

9

2 beats

a minima minim rest

3 beats

quaver and a quaver rest

3 2 quavers 4

a quaver rest and a quaver

11

a dotted minim

a dotted minim rest

5

quaver and 2 semiquashyvers

2 semiquavers and a quaver

6

2 semiquavers and a quaver rest

a quaver rest and 2 sem iq uavers

10

a dotted crotchet and a quaver

a quaver and a dotshyted crotchet

7 dotted quaver and semiquaver

8 4 semiquavers

Your four beats

After rehearsing the different cells with all the class practice in pairs your combination of four beats with body percussion or with a percussion instrumentoAsk your teacher if you have doubts

Then play it and other couple has to find out your combination of cells-Write here the combinations of your partners to be ready if you have to answer (you just have to write---h the numbers oftheir cells)--- Activity 7- Chinese whispers

~

Split in two rows The first player in every row is going to receive a 4-beat rhythm on his back He has to- pass the message through the row until the last one announces the rhythm to the entire group If he is right his line wins If any row is right we play again -

Activity 8- Mirror o rhythms

Work in pairs Make up a 4-beat rhythm again Play it and ask a couple to repeat it It they play it right they win a point and play their rhythm asking another couple and so on

------

3 -= LISTEN PLAY CREATE - 1

4- WRITING RHYTHMS WITH BARS

The measures or bars divide the rhythms in groups of two three or four beats

The bar lines divide those groups --== The first beat in every bar is stronger than the others Thats called an accent or stress ~

We indicate the kind of bar at the beginning of a score right after the clef with two numbers one above the other That s the time signature

A) The upper number indicates if every bar has 23 or 4 beats (duple meter triple meter or quadruple meter) l bull Number 2 its a duple meter with two beats The accent is the first beato

1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 JiexclI

Car-men A- na Car-Ios Lau-ra Mar-ta

lt lt lt lt lt

Marches and some dances use duple meter

bull Number 3 Its a triple meter with three beats The accent is the first beat ~

1 2 3 123 1 2 3 ~

Coacuter-do-ba Maacute-Ia-ga Sa-tu r-day

lt lt lt

Waltzes and lullabies use this meter

bull Number 4 Its a quadruple meter with four beats Its almost like two duple meters There are two

accents the first and the third beats but the third one is not as strong as the first one

Cat-chy rhy-thm 1 2 3 4 lt lt

c Most of pop-rock songs and electronic music use this meter

E B) The bottom number indicates the note that gets one beat (The crotchet is not always the beat)

- Number 4 The beat is the crotchet (there are 4 quarter notes in a whole) - Number 2 The beat is the minim (there are 2 half notes in a whole) - Number 8 The beat is the quaver (there are 8 eighth notes in a whole)

Activiacutety 9- Identify the sentence with a triple meter Cirele the accents

Es-te pe-rro tie-ne pul-gas

E-sa ca-sa tie-ne pla n-tas

Ven-te conmi-go que lIe-go muy tar-de

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning

--- ---shy---shy-----

Time signature Meaning

34

44

24

38

22

32

28

There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets

There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets

There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets

There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims

There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims

There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers

There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers

Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter

Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga

Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes

Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da

Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis

Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)

Mar-ta

lt

Anacrusis

Da vid Da vid Da vid Da

lt lt lt

Maacute-ni-ca

lt - -

Anacrusis

Noe-lia Noe-lia No

lt lt -

Ma-ri Car-men

lt - lt

J o-se Ca r-Ios

lt - lt

- o-iexcliexcl

~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i

-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the

~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_

- B duple or triple seore _

- C duple or triple seore _

- D duple or triple seore _

Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis

1 May it be (Enya)

A I~ -shy~

~ ~

fI 7r

a- _

I

-- bull

bull d

-I-J -- bull

I iquest-

2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)

How m3 - ny roads

f

tJ

lUust

4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -

-amp

3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)

- U -

f

U

-

-

- - -

4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)

fI

--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l

amp-l - - ~

-lt-- ~ ---1

~

- ampQ

~

_ ~

~

~

iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -

middot middot U

Lshy fI

middot middot shy

c

Activity 14- Write the bar fines

aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull

~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl

~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I

Activity 15- Complete all the bars

-111 s ~ ~~

LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a

Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars

24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl

34

44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ

--

----

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO

Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want

The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy

largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)

Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)

Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)

Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)

Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)

The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation

If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations

Accelerando or accel=gradually faster

Ritardando or rito =gradually slower

6- REPETITION MARKS

When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks

The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line

- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl

~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I

- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~

e-shy

~

=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy

-~ -

-----

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time

bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235

l I 2

l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~

Activity 17- Guess the tempo

Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo

The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works

Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate

- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio

---

- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -

-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -

--shyG

-----------

----

-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl

~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _

Can-Can Jacques Offenbach

Allegro Il - ~ I-c

u 4shy

Il

-

~ lt)

-u 4shy

-

e

Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach

---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature

-

Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where

Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different

-shy-shy ~ -Ia-

-Which is this new tempo

-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy

--

---

---

--

== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS

== -

--

-== ----

-

Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above

- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult

Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different

rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~

---shy

--

----

-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =

Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==

Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum

and when you count 3 play the snare drum

- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4

- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3

When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom

== A human drum kit

You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit

- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)

This is the result

-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4

-

PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -

PAM (hands) - - - -

CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -

~

Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo

Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones

~

httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

REVIEW ACTIVITIES

Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet

- A dotted semibreve

- A dotted crotehet

- A quaver

- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie

- A dotted minim

Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning

Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse

Rhythm Its the speed of the music

Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests

Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests

Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes

a) The metronome indieates the time signature

b) A tie can join a mi with a fa

e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato

d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative

Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis

Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do

I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I

Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures

24

38

22

44

00

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 7: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 6- Work with your partner 1 the beat is a crotchet make up a combination 04 beats choosing one o these possibilities

You can pick

- 4 cells of beats (1+1+1+1) or -1 cell oftwo beats and two cells of 1 beat (2+1+1) or -1 cell ofthree beats and 1 (3+1)

Before starting write the notes and rests by their na mes

1 beat

1 crotchet 2 crotchet rest

9

2 beats

a minima minim rest

3 beats

quaver and a quaver rest

3 2 quavers 4

a quaver rest and a quaver

11

a dotted minim

a dotted minim rest

5

quaver and 2 semiquashyvers

2 semiquavers and a quaver

6

2 semiquavers and a quaver rest

a quaver rest and 2 sem iq uavers

10

a dotted crotchet and a quaver

a quaver and a dotshyted crotchet

7 dotted quaver and semiquaver

8 4 semiquavers

Your four beats

After rehearsing the different cells with all the class practice in pairs your combination of four beats with body percussion or with a percussion instrumentoAsk your teacher if you have doubts

Then play it and other couple has to find out your combination of cells-Write here the combinations of your partners to be ready if you have to answer (you just have to write---h the numbers oftheir cells)--- Activity 7- Chinese whispers

~

Split in two rows The first player in every row is going to receive a 4-beat rhythm on his back He has to- pass the message through the row until the last one announces the rhythm to the entire group If he is right his line wins If any row is right we play again -

Activity 8- Mirror o rhythms

Work in pairs Make up a 4-beat rhythm again Play it and ask a couple to repeat it It they play it right they win a point and play their rhythm asking another couple and so on

------

3 -= LISTEN PLAY CREATE - 1

4- WRITING RHYTHMS WITH BARS

The measures or bars divide the rhythms in groups of two three or four beats

The bar lines divide those groups --== The first beat in every bar is stronger than the others Thats called an accent or stress ~

We indicate the kind of bar at the beginning of a score right after the clef with two numbers one above the other That s the time signature

A) The upper number indicates if every bar has 23 or 4 beats (duple meter triple meter or quadruple meter) l bull Number 2 its a duple meter with two beats The accent is the first beato

1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 JiexclI

Car-men A- na Car-Ios Lau-ra Mar-ta

lt lt lt lt lt

Marches and some dances use duple meter

bull Number 3 Its a triple meter with three beats The accent is the first beat ~

1 2 3 123 1 2 3 ~

Coacuter-do-ba Maacute-Ia-ga Sa-tu r-day

lt lt lt

Waltzes and lullabies use this meter

bull Number 4 Its a quadruple meter with four beats Its almost like two duple meters There are two

accents the first and the third beats but the third one is not as strong as the first one

Cat-chy rhy-thm 1 2 3 4 lt lt

c Most of pop-rock songs and electronic music use this meter

E B) The bottom number indicates the note that gets one beat (The crotchet is not always the beat)

- Number 4 The beat is the crotchet (there are 4 quarter notes in a whole) - Number 2 The beat is the minim (there are 2 half notes in a whole) - Number 8 The beat is the quaver (there are 8 eighth notes in a whole)

Activiacutety 9- Identify the sentence with a triple meter Cirele the accents

Es-te pe-rro tie-ne pul-gas

E-sa ca-sa tie-ne pla n-tas

Ven-te conmi-go que lIe-go muy tar-de

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning

--- ---shy---shy-----

Time signature Meaning

34

44

24

38

22

32

28

There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets

There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets

There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets

There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims

There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims

There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers

There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers

Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter

Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga

Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes

Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da

Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis

Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)

Mar-ta

lt

Anacrusis

Da vid Da vid Da vid Da

lt lt lt

Maacute-ni-ca

lt - -

Anacrusis

Noe-lia Noe-lia No

lt lt -

Ma-ri Car-men

lt - lt

J o-se Ca r-Ios

lt - lt

- o-iexcliexcl

~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i

-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the

~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_

- B duple or triple seore _

- C duple or triple seore _

- D duple or triple seore _

Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis

1 May it be (Enya)

A I~ -shy~

~ ~

fI 7r

a- _

I

-- bull

bull d

-I-J -- bull

I iquest-

2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)

How m3 - ny roads

f

tJ

lUust

4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -

-amp

3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)

- U -

f

U

-

-

- - -

4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)

fI

--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l

amp-l - - ~

-lt-- ~ ---1

~

- ampQ

~

_ ~

~

~

iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -

middot middot U

Lshy fI

middot middot shy

c

Activity 14- Write the bar fines

aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull

~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl

~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I

Activity 15- Complete all the bars

-111 s ~ ~~

LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a

Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars

24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl

34

44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ

--

----

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO

Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want

The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy

largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)

Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)

Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)

Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)

Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)

The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation

If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations

Accelerando or accel=gradually faster

Ritardando or rito =gradually slower

6- REPETITION MARKS

When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks

The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line

- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl

~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I

- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~

e-shy

~

=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy

-~ -

-----

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time

bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235

l I 2

l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~

Activity 17- Guess the tempo

Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo

The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works

Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate

- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio

---

- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -

-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -

--shyG

-----------

----

-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl

~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _

Can-Can Jacques Offenbach

Allegro Il - ~ I-c

u 4shy

Il

-

~ lt)

-u 4shy

-

e

Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach

---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature

-

Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where

Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different

-shy-shy ~ -Ia-

-Which is this new tempo

-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy

--

---

---

--

== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS

== -

--

-== ----

-

Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above

- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult

Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different

rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~

---shy

--

----

-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =

Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==

Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum

and when you count 3 play the snare drum

- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4

- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3

When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom

== A human drum kit

You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit

- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)

This is the result

-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4

-

PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -

PAM (hands) - - - -

CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -

~

Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo

Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones

~

httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

REVIEW ACTIVITIES

Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet

- A dotted semibreve

- A dotted crotehet

- A quaver

- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie

- A dotted minim

Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning

Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse

Rhythm Its the speed of the music

Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests

Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests

Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes

a) The metronome indieates the time signature

b) A tie can join a mi with a fa

e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato

d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative

Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis

Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do

I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I

Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures

24

38

22

44

00

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 8: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

------

3 -= LISTEN PLAY CREATE - 1

4- WRITING RHYTHMS WITH BARS

The measures or bars divide the rhythms in groups of two three or four beats

The bar lines divide those groups --== The first beat in every bar is stronger than the others Thats called an accent or stress ~

We indicate the kind of bar at the beginning of a score right after the clef with two numbers one above the other That s the time signature

A) The upper number indicates if every bar has 23 or 4 beats (duple meter triple meter or quadruple meter) l bull Number 2 its a duple meter with two beats The accent is the first beato

1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 JiexclI

Car-men A- na Car-Ios Lau-ra Mar-ta

lt lt lt lt lt

Marches and some dances use duple meter

bull Number 3 Its a triple meter with three beats The accent is the first beat ~

1 2 3 123 1 2 3 ~

Coacuter-do-ba Maacute-Ia-ga Sa-tu r-day

lt lt lt

Waltzes and lullabies use this meter

bull Number 4 Its a quadruple meter with four beats Its almost like two duple meters There are two

accents the first and the third beats but the third one is not as strong as the first one

Cat-chy rhy-thm 1 2 3 4 lt lt

c Most of pop-rock songs and electronic music use this meter

E B) The bottom number indicates the note that gets one beat (The crotchet is not always the beat)

- Number 4 The beat is the crotchet (there are 4 quarter notes in a whole) - Number 2 The beat is the minim (there are 2 half notes in a whole) - Number 8 The beat is the quaver (there are 8 eighth notes in a whole)

Activiacutety 9- Identify the sentence with a triple meter Cirele the accents

Es-te pe-rro tie-ne pul-gas

E-sa ca-sa tie-ne pla n-tas

Ven-te conmi-go que lIe-go muy tar-de

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning

--- ---shy---shy-----

Time signature Meaning

34

44

24

38

22

32

28

There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets

There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets

There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets

There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims

There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims

There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers

There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers

Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter

Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga

Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes

Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da

Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis

Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)

Mar-ta

lt

Anacrusis

Da vid Da vid Da vid Da

lt lt lt

Maacute-ni-ca

lt - -

Anacrusis

Noe-lia Noe-lia No

lt lt -

Ma-ri Car-men

lt - lt

J o-se Ca r-Ios

lt - lt

- o-iexcliexcl

~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i

-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the

~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_

- B duple or triple seore _

- C duple or triple seore _

- D duple or triple seore _

Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis

1 May it be (Enya)

A I~ -shy~

~ ~

fI 7r

a- _

I

-- bull

bull d

-I-J -- bull

I iquest-

2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)

How m3 - ny roads

f

tJ

lUust

4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -

-amp

3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)

- U -

f

U

-

-

- - -

4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)

fI

--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l

amp-l - - ~

-lt-- ~ ---1

~

- ampQ

~

_ ~

~

~

iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -

middot middot U

Lshy fI

middot middot shy

c

Activity 14- Write the bar fines

aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull

~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl

~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I

Activity 15- Complete all the bars

-111 s ~ ~~

LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a

Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars

24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl

34

44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ

--

----

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO

Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want

The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy

largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)

Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)

Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)

Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)

Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)

The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation

If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations

Accelerando or accel=gradually faster

Ritardando or rito =gradually slower

6- REPETITION MARKS

When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks

The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line

- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl

~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I

- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~

e-shy

~

=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy

-~ -

-----

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time

bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235

l I 2

l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~

Activity 17- Guess the tempo

Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo

The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works

Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate

- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio

---

- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -

-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -

--shyG

-----------

----

-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl

~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _

Can-Can Jacques Offenbach

Allegro Il - ~ I-c

u 4shy

Il

-

~ lt)

-u 4shy

-

e

Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach

---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature

-

Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where

Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different

-shy-shy ~ -Ia-

-Which is this new tempo

-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy

--

---

---

--

== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS

== -

--

-== ----

-

Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above

- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult

Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different

rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~

---shy

--

----

-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =

Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==

Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum

and when you count 3 play the snare drum

- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4

- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3

When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom

== A human drum kit

You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit

- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)

This is the result

-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4

-

PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -

PAM (hands) - - - -

CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -

~

Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo

Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones

~

httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

REVIEW ACTIVITIES

Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet

- A dotted semibreve

- A dotted crotehet

- A quaver

- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie

- A dotted minim

Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning

Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse

Rhythm Its the speed of the music

Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests

Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests

Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes

a) The metronome indieates the time signature

b) A tie can join a mi with a fa

e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato

d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative

Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis

Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do

I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I

Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures

24

38

22

44

00

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 9: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

Activity 10- Join the time signatures with their meaning

--- ---shy---shy-----

Time signature Meaning

34

44

24

38

22

32

28

There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has two crotchets

There are 3 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has three crotchets

There are 4 beats and the crotchet is the beat every bar has 4 crotchets

There are 2 beats and the minim is the beat every bar has 2 minims

There are 3 beats and the beat is the minim every bar has 3 minims

There are 2 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 2 quavers

There are 3 beats and the quaver is the beat every bar has 3 quavers

Activity 11- Circle the cccents and identify the duple meter

Ven-go de Maacute-Ia-ga

Sa-ra hi-ja co-me maacutes

Sieacuten-ta-te caacute-mo-da

Activity 12- Classify the names of your partners in duple and triple meter If the ftrst sylable doesnt have an accent that syllable starts before the ftrst bar thats called upbeat or anacrusis

Duple meter (two beats) Triple meter (three beats) Quadruple meter (4 beats)

Mar-ta

lt

Anacrusis

Da vid Da vid Da vid Da

lt lt lt

Maacute-ni-ca

lt - -

Anacrusis

Noe-lia Noe-lia No

lt lt -

Ma-ri Car-men

lt - lt

J o-se Ca r-Ios

lt - lt

- o-iexcliexcl

~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i

-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the

~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_

- B duple or triple seore _

- C duple or triple seore _

- D duple or triple seore _

Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis

1 May it be (Enya)

A I~ -shy~

~ ~

fI 7r

a- _

I

-- bull

bull d

-I-J -- bull

I iquest-

2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)

How m3 - ny roads

f

tJ

lUust

4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -

-amp

3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)

- U -

f

U

-

-

- - -

4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)

fI

--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l

amp-l - - ~

-lt-- ~ ---1

~

- ampQ

~

_ ~

~

~

iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -

middot middot U

Lshy fI

middot middot shy

c

Activity 14- Write the bar fines

aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull

~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl

~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I

Activity 15- Complete all the bars

-111 s ~ ~~

LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a

Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars

24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl

34

44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ

--

----

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO

Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want

The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy

largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)

Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)

Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)

Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)

Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)

The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation

If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations

Accelerando or accel=gradually faster

Ritardando or rito =gradually slower

6- REPETITION MARKS

When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks

The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line

- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl

~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I

- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~

e-shy

~

=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy

-~ -

-----

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time

bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235

l I 2

l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~

Activity 17- Guess the tempo

Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo

The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works

Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate

- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio

---

- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -

-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -

--shyG

-----------

----

-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl

~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _

Can-Can Jacques Offenbach

Allegro Il - ~ I-c

u 4shy

Il

-

~ lt)

-u 4shy

-

e

Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach

---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature

-

Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where

Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different

-shy-shy ~ -Ia-

-Which is this new tempo

-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy

--

---

---

--

== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS

== -

--

-== ----

-

Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above

- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult

Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different

rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~

---shy

--

----

-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =

Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==

Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum

and when you count 3 play the snare drum

- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4

- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3

When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom

== A human drum kit

You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit

- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)

This is the result

-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4

-

PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -

PAM (hands) - - - -

CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -

~

Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo

Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones

~

httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

REVIEW ACTIVITIES

Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet

- A dotted semibreve

- A dotted crotehet

- A quaver

- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie

- A dotted minim

Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning

Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse

Rhythm Its the speed of the music

Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests

Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests

Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes

a) The metronome indieates the time signature

b) A tie can join a mi with a fa

e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato

d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative

Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis

Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do

I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I

Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures

24

38

22

44

00

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 10: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

~ -i~Sl L1~ CREiexclrr - i

-- Activity 13- Listen to the following excerpts and identify the duple and the triple meter (we consider the

~quadruple meter as duple meter) Match every listening with the corresponding score -- A duple or triple seore_

- B duple or triple seore _

- C duple or triple seore _

- D duple or triple seore _

Whieh rhythms start with an anaerusis

1 May it be (Enya)

A I~ -shy~

~ ~

fI 7r

a- _

I

-- bull

bull d

-I-J -- bull

I iquest-

2 Blowin in the wind (Bob Dylan)

How m3 - ny roads

f

tJ

lUust

4 -3 lUan walk_ dowl1 Be -

-amp

3 Halleluah (Leonard Cohen)

- U -

f

U

-

-

- - -

4 Now we are free (Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerard)

fI

--shy~ --~ --shy--- -shy-----l

amp-l - - ~

-lt-- ~ ---1

~

- ampQ

~

_ ~

~

~

iexcliexcliexcl -shy-~ -

middot middot U

Lshy fI

middot middot shy

c

Activity 14- Write the bar fines

aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull

~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl

~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I

Activity 15- Complete all the bars

-111 s ~ ~~

LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a

Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars

24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl

34

44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ

--

----

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO

Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want

The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy

largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)

Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)

Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)

Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)

Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)

The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation

If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations

Accelerando or accel=gradually faster

Ritardando or rito =gradually slower

6- REPETITION MARKS

When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks

The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line

- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl

~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I

- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~

e-shy

~

=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy

-~ -

-----

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time

bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235

l I 2

l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~

Activity 17- Guess the tempo

Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo

The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works

Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate

- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio

---

- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -

-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -

--shyG

-----------

----

-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl

~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _

Can-Can Jacques Offenbach

Allegro Il - ~ I-c

u 4shy

Il

-

~ lt)

-u 4shy

-

e

Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach

---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature

-

Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where

Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different

-shy-shy ~ -Ia-

-Which is this new tempo

-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy

--

---

---

--

== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS

== -

--

-== ----

-

Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above

- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult

Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different

rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~

---shy

--

----

-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =

Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==

Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum

and when you count 3 play the snare drum

- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4

- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3

When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom

== A human drum kit

You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit

- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)

This is the result

-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4

-

PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -

PAM (hands) - - - -

CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -

~

Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo

Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones

~

httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

REVIEW ACTIVITIES

Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet

- A dotted semibreve

- A dotted crotehet

- A quaver

- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie

- A dotted minim

Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning

Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse

Rhythm Its the speed of the music

Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests

Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests

Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes

a) The metronome indieates the time signature

b) A tie can join a mi with a fa

e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato

d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative

Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis

Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do

I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I

Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures

24

38

22

44

00

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 11: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

Activity 14- Write the bar fines

aiexcl -~ ji~ d J J] tJffl ~- ~bull

~u iacute B J i tFJ JJ fg i p tAl

~ J J fJ J i=tH J f DA 1I

Activity 15- Complete all the bars

-111 s ~ ~~

LfJJ l J lE -~ 1I~ 1 ~ bull1 i 3 ~ - a

Activity 16- Join the time signatures with the corresponding bars

24 iexclJJJJJJJJiexcl

34

44 ~ ~ I~ ~J j)ftJ

--

----

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO

Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want

The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy

largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)

Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)

Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)

Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)

Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)

The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation

If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations

Accelerando or accel=gradually faster

Ritardando or rito =gradually slower

6- REPETITION MARKS

When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks

The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line

- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl

~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I

- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~

e-shy

~

=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy

-~ -

-----

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time

bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235

l I 2

l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~

Activity 17- Guess the tempo

Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo

The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works

Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate

- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio

---

- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -

-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -

--shyG

-----------

----

-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl

~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _

Can-Can Jacques Offenbach

Allegro Il - ~ I-c

u 4shy

Il

-

~ lt)

-u 4shy

-

e

Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach

---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature

-

Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where

Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different

-shy-shy ~ -Ia-

-Which is this new tempo

-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy

--

---

---

--

== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS

== -

--

-== ----

-

Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above

- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult

Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different

rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~

---shy

--

----

-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =

Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==

Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum

and when you count 3 play the snare drum

- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4

- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3

When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom

== A human drum kit

You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit

- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)

This is the result

-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4

-

PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -

PAM (hands) - - - -

CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -

~

Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo

Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones

~

httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

REVIEW ACTIVITIES

Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet

- A dotted semibreve

- A dotted crotehet

- A quaver

- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie

- A dotted minim

Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning

Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse

Rhythm Its the speed of the music

Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests

Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests

Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes

a) The metronome indieates the time signature

b) A tie can join a mi with a fa

e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato

d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative

Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis

Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do

I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I

Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures

24

38

22

44

00

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 12: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

--

----

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - I == 5- lEMPO

Tempo is the exact duration of the beat so it indicates the speed of the music The notes and rests get a specific time value and the performers can play the music at the speed that the composers want

The tempo is at the beginning of a score above the staff with an Italian word that means the speed - Here you are the most common indications with the approximate number of beats per minute (BPM) Sometimes there isnt any word but just the number of BPM Pshy

largo=very slowly 40-60 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are Iying)

Adagio=slowly 60-80 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are sitting down)

Andante=quietly 80-120 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are standing)

Allegro=quickly 120-140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are walking)

Presto o vivace=very quickly more than 140 BPM (Iike our heartbeat when we are running)

The metronome is a device that produces regular clicks setlable in beats per minute The mechanical metronome uses an adjustable weight on the end of a pendulum rod to control the tempo The weight is slid up the pendulum rod to decrease tempo or down to increase tempo The pendulum swings in tempo while a mechanism inside the metronome produces a clicking sound with each oscillation

If there is a passage where the speed is gradually faster or gradually slower we use these Italian words orthe abbreviations

Accelerando or accel=gradually faster

Ritardando or rito =gradually slower

6- REPETITION MARKS

When a passage is repeated and we dont want to write it again we use repetition marks

The most common repetition mark is the double bar line and two dots around the third line

- Example 1 We repeat from the beginning we play bars 1234 and again 1234 -shy~ iexcl

~ ~ ~ ij ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J j J I

- Example 2 The passage between the double bars and dots is repeated We play bars 1234 and 234 ~

e-shy

~

=plusmn j~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ti j 1 I -t- shy

-~ -

-----

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time

bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235

l I 2

l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~

Activity 17- Guess the tempo

Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo

The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works

Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate

- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio

---

- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -

-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -

--shyG

-----------

----

-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl

~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _

Can-Can Jacques Offenbach

Allegro Il - ~ I-c

u 4shy

Il

-

~ lt)

-u 4shy

-

e

Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach

---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature

-

Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where

Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different

-shy-shy ~ -Ia-

-Which is this new tempo

-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy

--

---

---

--

== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS

== -

--

-== ----

-

Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above

- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult

Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different

rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~

---shy

--

----

-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =

Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==

Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum

and when you count 3 play the snare drum

- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4

- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3

When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom

== A human drum kit

You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit

- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)

This is the result

-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4

-

PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -

PAM (hands) - - - -

CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -

~

Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo

Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones

~

httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

REVIEW ACTIVITIES

Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet

- A dotted semibreve

- A dotted crotehet

- A quaver

- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie

- A dotted minim

Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning

Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse

Rhythm Its the speed of the music

Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests

Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests

Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes

a) The metronome indieates the time signature

b) A tie can join a mi with a fa

e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato

d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative

Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis

Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do

I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I

Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures

24

38

22

44

00

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 13: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

-----

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

- Example 3 When a passage is repeated with another ending we have the indication of 1st time and 2nd time

bull The first time we play number 1 and the second time we skip number 1 and play number 2 We play bars 1234 and 1235

l I 2

l =l 11 1 ~111 J J a J J J J 1 ti J J J 11 ti J ti~

Activity 17- Guess the tempo

Work in groups Every group is going to have the metronome once We are going to listen to some excerpts and the group with the metronome checks the exact tempo

The other groups have to try to guess it without the metronome

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

Activiacutety 18- Explain what a metronome is and how it works

Activity 19- Write from the slowest to the fastest these tempo marks and write the BPM that they indicate

- Allegro-Pre sto-La rgo-And ante-Adagio

---

- - Activity 20- Whats the meaning of accelerando and ritardando -

-- Activity 21- Where is the tempo mark in a score -

--shyG

-----------

----

-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl

~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _

Can-Can Jacques Offenbach

Allegro Il - ~ I-c

u 4shy

Il

-

~ lt)

-u 4shy

-

e

Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach

---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature

-

Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where

Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different

-shy-shy ~ -Ia-

-Which is this new tempo

-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy

--

---

---

--

== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS

== -

--

-== ----

-

Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above

- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult

Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different

rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~

---shy

--

----

-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =

Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==

Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum

and when you count 3 play the snare drum

- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4

- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3

When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom

== A human drum kit

You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit

- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)

This is the result

-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4

-

PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -

PAM (hands) - - - -

CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -

~

Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo

Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones

~

httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

REVIEW ACTIVITIES

Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet

- A dotted semibreve

- A dotted crotehet

- A quaver

- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie

- A dotted minim

Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning

Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse

Rhythm Its the speed of the music

Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests

Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests

Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes

a) The metronome indieates the time signature

b) A tie can join a mi with a fa

e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato

d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative

Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis

Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do

I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I

Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures

24

38

22

44

00

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 14: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

-----------

----

-- LISTEN PLAY CREATE - iexcl

~-- LISTEN AND PLAY _

Can-Can Jacques Offenbach

Allegro Il - ~ I-c

u 4shy

Il

-

~ lt)

-u 4shy

-

e

Il ---shy~ -This is an excerpt of the melody can-can from the operetta Orpheus in the underword by Jacques Offenbach

---Activity 22- What is the tempo mark How many beats per minute Activity 23- Which is the time signature Whats the meaning 01 that time signature

-

Activity 24- Can we write a repetition mark on that score Which one Where

Activity 25- Listen to this version 01 the same meody Irom (cTortoisesraquo part 01 (cThe carniva 01 the animasraquo by Camille Saint-Saens The tempo is competey different

-shy-shy ~ -Ia-

-Which is this new tempo

-Has the music changed with this new tempo -- shy-- shy

--

---

---

--

== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS

== -

--

-== ----

-

Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above

- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult

Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different

rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~

---shy

--

----

-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =

Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==

Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum

and when you count 3 play the snare drum

- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4

- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3

When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom

== A human drum kit

You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit

- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)

This is the result

-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4

-

PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -

PAM (hands) - - - -

CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -

~

Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo

Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones

~

httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

REVIEW ACTIVITIES

Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet

- A dotted semibreve

- A dotted crotehet

- A quaver

- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie

- A dotted minim

Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning

Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse

Rhythm Its the speed of the music

Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests

Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests

Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes

a) The metronome indieates the time signature

b) A tie can join a mi with a fa

e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato

d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative

Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis

Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do

I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I

Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures

24

38

22

44

00

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 15: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

--

---

---

--

== LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

L PLAYSEVEBALRHVTHMS

== -

--

-== ----

-

Activity 26- Answer about the rhythms above

- Whichs the time sgnature and what does t mean- Whchs the easest rhythm --~ Whchs the most dfficult

Whch beats are the accents Mark them ---- Activity 27- Write the rhythmic sylables to read the rhythms first Then we are going to play the different

rhythms in groups with different nstruments -- --~ --shy-~

---shy

--

----

-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =

Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==

Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum

and when you count 3 play the snare drum

- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4

- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3

When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom

== A human drum kit

You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit

- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)

This is the result

-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4

-

PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -

PAM (hands) - - - -

CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -

~

Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo

Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones

~

httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

REVIEW ACTIVITIES

Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet

- A dotted semibreve

- A dotted crotehet

- A quaver

- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie

- A dotted minim

Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning

Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse

Rhythm Its the speed of the music

Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests

Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests

Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes

a) The metronome indieates the time signature

b) A tie can join a mi with a fa

e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato

d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative

Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis

Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do

I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I

Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures

24

38

22

44

00

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 16: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

--

----

-7middot THE DRUM KIT ~ --The drum kit or just drums was invented at the beginning of the 20th century to play the bass drum the snare drums and cymbals (hi-hat) at the same time by one performer Eventually more drums called toms and ~ more cymbals called crash and ride were added == The basic rhythm for rock and roll music is this =

Hi-hatJ J J J Snare drum IIII-shy-~ Bass drumr === ==

Learn to play it = - You have to count 1234 all the time to help you keep the beato When you count 1 play the bass drum

and when you count 3 play the snare drum

- When you get that play the hi-hat at 2 and 4

- When you get that try to keep the hi-hat all the beats 1234 while you go on playing the bass drum at 1 and the snare drum at 3

When you get that you can learn other variations that you can look at wwwonlinedrummercom

== A human drum kit

You can rehearse with your body as if it was a drum kit

- 1 tap your chest (your bass drum)Not too strongly - 2 Y 4 snap your fingers (thats the hi-hat) - 3 Clap your hands (Thats your snare drum)

This is the result

-beat 1 beat 2 beat 3 beat 4

-

PUM (chest) CRrN (fingers) - -

PAM (hands) - - - -

CRIN (fingers) -- shy - - - -

~

Activity 28- Use your human drums to accompany this rock songo

Activity 29- You can find in the Internet many pages to create or play your own rhythms You can start with these ones

~

httpwwwrinkinetpekkamonkey httplatro lanetbI oktoca -1 a-bate ri a-vi rtu a I-e n-este-fla s h -iu ego-m u s i ca I

-

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

REVIEW ACTIVITIES

Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet

- A dotted semibreve

- A dotted crotehet

- A quaver

- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie

- A dotted minim

Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning

Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse

Rhythm Its the speed of the music

Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests

Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests

Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes

a) The metronome indieates the time signature

b) A tie can join a mi with a fa

e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato

d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative

Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis

Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do

I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I

Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures

24

38

22

44

00

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 17: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

REVIEW ACTIVITIES

Activity 30- Which are the time values ofthese notes ifthe beat is the crotchet

- A dotted semibreve

- A dotted crotehet

- A quaver

- A minim joined to a erotehet with a tie

- A dotted minim

Activity 31- Match the words with their meaning

Tempo Its the unit of time Its a regular pulse

Rhythm Its the speed of the music

Dot tie fermata Its the combination of notes and rests

Ba r measure They inerease the duration of notes and rests

Beat Its the division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

Activity 32- Are these statements true ar false Correct the mistakes

a) The metronome indieates the time signature

b) A tie can join a mi with a fa

e) A dot inereases a note by half of a beato

d) The notes and rest dont have a fixed time value The durations are relative

Activity 33- Which accent is in the wrong place Which example is an anacrusis

Mar-ta Mar-ta Saacute-ba-doSaacute-ba-do

I-vaacute nI-vaacute n 1 re-ne-Ire-ne-I

Activity 34- Whats the meaning ofthese time signatures

24

38

22

44

00

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 18: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

---

Activity 35- Work wfth your partn er So

Across 1 A tempo mark that means quickly

3 The division of a rhythm in units of 23 or 4 beats

5 It increases the duration of a note or rest by twice its value

7 Combination of notes and rests with a musical meaning

9 Play gradually faster

11 Curved line that joins two notes of the same pitch

14 It increases the duration of a note or rest by half its value

~== Down 2 This note is the beat when the bottom number in a time signature is 8 ~== 4 A bar with 3 beats is a meter

6 The same as whole note

8 The speed of the music

10 Slowly

12 A kind of clock that produces regular clicks

13 The unit of time Its a regular pulse

8

13 2

4

5

3

6

14

11

7

9

12

10

lIi

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 19: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

------------------- ------------

LESSON 3 - NOTES A1D RESTS BECO ME RHYTHMS

Activity 36- Complete the summary ofthe lesson

We write the durations of the sounds and silences with the and ____

Notes

Semibreve or Minim or Crotchet or Quaver or Semiquaver or

Rests

They don t have a fixed duration but A semibreve lasts a minim A crotchet lasts of a minim

bull The is the combination of notes and rests The is the unit of time We find it in every rhythm

bull We can increase the duration of notes and rests with

- The dot it increases the duration of a note or rest by of its value

- The is a curved line that sums the duration of two notes of the same ----shy- The increases the duration of a note or rest by its value

bull The bars the rhythm in units of 23 or 4 The first beat is the _____ (It there are 4 beats the first and the third beats are stressed)

The time signature has two numbers The upper number indicates the number of beats

2 meter 3 triple meter 4 meter

The number indicates the note that gets the beat

2 the 4 the crotchet 8 the ______

Thetempo is the ofthe musiclt s indicated with words or _____ The most common are Largo Andante and Presto If the speed gradually increases we use It the speed we use Ritardando

The metronome is

When we dont want to write again a passage that repeats we use ___ = - When wefind a double barlinewithtwodotsaroundthe __ linewe repeat

- When a passage is between two double bar lines with dots we repeat _______

-~

- When we repeat a passage with two different endings when we play it the first time we play the first ending and the second time we the first ending and play the _______

- C ~IJ

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 20: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

-----

LESSON 3 - NOTES AND RESTS BECOME RHYTHMS

KEY VOCABULARY

Duration

Rhythm

Beat

Notes and rests

o ___Semibreve-whole note

Minim-half note j ---stem

j tCrotchet-quarter note

Quaver-eighth note j) I together n flag beam

~~jJJJSemiquaver-sixteenth note

Relative

Twice-half

Value

Last

Dot ~ tie () J

~ ~ 3 ~ fermata f JJiacute lJ ~ 8- 8-0 -8--

triplet ~ P QJ DOI shy ~~

Join

Add

Increase

Drums

Bass drum

Toms

Snare drum

Cymbals

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=

Page 21: alsattmusic.files.wordpress.com · 3/4 4/4 2/4 3/8 2/2 3/2 2/8 ; There are 2 beats and the crotchet is the beat: every bar has two crotchets. There are 3 beats and the crotchet is

- - -

LISTEN PLAY CREATE - r

Hi-hat

Meter

barmeasure -t

- time signature ~ downbeat

stressaccent lt

~

a nacrusisupbeat ~ --shyduple 242228

triple 32 38

quadruple 44

j =140

Tempo ~ -Speed

Pulse

Regular

Pendulum

-Metronome

--shy~

Mechanical

Swing

Largo

Adagio

Andante

Allegro

Prestovivace

Accelerando or accel

Ritardando or rit

Repetition marks

First and second ending

iexcl

i-ICJ J J J la J J j IJ j J J IJ J J~6plusmnJ H

=