3,2,1! 3 Minutes Start Timer 3 2 1 0 Connect your learning List……. 3 covalent molecules 2...
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Transcript of 3,2,1! 3 Minutes Start Timer 3 2 1 0 Connect your learning List……. 3 covalent molecules 2...
![Page 1: 3,2,1! 3 Minutes Start Timer 3 2 1 0 Connect your learning List……. 3 covalent molecules 2 differences between ionic and covalent bonds 1 Giant covalent.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e915503460f94b97428/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
3,2,1!
3 Minutes
Start Timer
3
2
1
0
Connect your learning
List…….3 covalent molecules 2 differences between ionic and covalent bonds 1 Giant covalent lattice
![Page 2: 3,2,1! 3 Minutes Start Timer 3 2 1 0 Connect your learning List……. 3 covalent molecules 2 differences between ionic and covalent bonds 1 Giant covalent.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e915503460f94b97428/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Learning outcomes
Define covalent bonding and give examples of molecules that form covalent bonds (E)
Draw dot and cross diagrams to represent single and multiple covalent bonds (D/C)
State the meaning of “lone pairs” and represent them in dot and cross diagrams of covalent
bonds(B)
![Page 3: 3,2,1! 3 Minutes Start Timer 3 2 1 0 Connect your learning List……. 3 covalent molecules 2 differences between ionic and covalent bonds 1 Giant covalent.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e915503460f94b97428/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Covalent Bonds
• Non metals only• A bond formed by a shared pair of electrons
• An electron pair occupies the space between two atoms’ nuclei
• The negatively charged electrons are attracted to the positive charges of both nuclei
• This attraction overcomes the repulsion between the two positively charged nuclei
![Page 4: 3,2,1! 3 Minutes Start Timer 3 2 1 0 Connect your learning List……. 3 covalent molecules 2 differences between ionic and covalent bonds 1 Giant covalent.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e915503460f94b97428/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Positive charge (nucleus) I negative charge (pair of electrons) I Positive charge (nucleus)
The resulting attraction is the covalent bond that holds the two atoms together.
![Page 5: 3,2,1! 3 Minutes Start Timer 3 2 1 0 Connect your learning List……. 3 covalent molecules 2 differences between ionic and covalent bonds 1 Giant covalent.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e915503460f94b97428/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Short hand notation for a covalent bond is a line – e.g. H-H
• A covalent bond is directional i.e. it just acts between the two atoms involved in the bond.
• Ionic bonds act in all directions
• Many covalent molecules are termed ‘simple molecules’
• Can you draw the covalent bonding in water, ammonia and methane?
![Page 6: 3,2,1! 3 Minutes Start Timer 3 2 1 0 Connect your learning List……. 3 covalent molecules 2 differences between ionic and covalent bonds 1 Giant covalent.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e915503460f94b97428/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Single covalent bondsFor each of these examples draw out the dot and cross diagram and write down the short hand of the covalent bondEg hydrogen chloride molecule (H-Cl)
1. Hydrogen molecule2. Chlorine molecule3. Water molecule4. Methane Molecule 5. Ammonia Molecule
![Page 7: 3,2,1! 3 Minutes Start Timer 3 2 1 0 Connect your learning List……. 3 covalent molecules 2 differences between ionic and covalent bonds 1 Giant covalent.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e915503460f94b97428/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Single Covalent molecules check your answers
![Page 8: 3,2,1! 3 Minutes Start Timer 3 2 1 0 Connect your learning List……. 3 covalent molecules 2 differences between ionic and covalent bonds 1 Giant covalent.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e915503460f94b97428/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Lone pairs• Sounds like an oxymoron... How can something
be lone and a pair!• Sometimes pairs of electrons are not used for
bonding e.g. in ammonia there is one lone pair and water, there are two lone pairs.
• Circle the lone pairs in a different colour on your diagrams and write the definition of a lone pair (see pg 55 of your text book for a hint!).
• A lone pair gives a concentrated region of negative charge. We will be looking at how lone pairs can affect the chemistry of a molecule in the next few lessons.
![Page 9: 3,2,1! 3 Minutes Start Timer 3 2 1 0 Connect your learning List……. 3 covalent molecules 2 differences between ionic and covalent bonds 1 Giant covalent.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e915503460f94b97428/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Multiple covalent bonds
• More commonly referred to as double and triple bonds!
• Some non-metallic elements can share more than one pair of electrons
• Sharing 2 pairs of electrons = double bond• Sharing 3 pairs of electrons = triple bond
• Can you draw dot and cross diagrams for oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide?
![Page 10: 3,2,1! 3 Minutes Start Timer 3 2 1 0 Connect your learning List……. 3 covalent molecules 2 differences between ionic and covalent bonds 1 Giant covalent.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032606/56649e915503460f94b97428/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Check your answers
Make sure you label whether they have a double or triple bond!
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•Complete questions 1 and 2 on page 55 of your text book.
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Homework
• Complete the exam questions and bring your answers to the next lesson for review