3.1 - Life Centolimed Project

NOTES: There are 4 sets of LIFE+ "Nature & Biodiversity" a pplication forms: A, B and C (technical forms) and F (financial forms). The financial forms are in a separate Excel file.

While filling in the technical forms A – C, please respect the standard A4 format. Maps illustrating the location of the proposed actions s hould be presented in annex. Insofar as possible, these maps should be in A4 format but may if necessary be presented in format A3. No formats other than A4 or A3 are allowed.

Whenever several copies of one form 2007-XY needs t o be produced, please use the following naming convention per page: 2007-XY/1; 20 07-XY/2 etc.

LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity TECHNICAL APPLICATION FORMS

Part A – administrative information

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007- A1

FOR ADMINISTRATION USE ONLY

LIFE+ 2007 LIFE+07 NAT

PROJECT

Project title (max. 120 characters):

Identification and conservation of the high nature value of ancient olive groves in the

Mediterranean region

Project acronym (max. 25 characters): CENT.OLI.MED.

The project will be implemented in the following:

Country(ies) Italy, Greece

Administrative region(s) Regione Puglia, Prefecture of Chania

Expected start date: 01/02/2009 Expected end date: 30/04/2012

BENEFICIARIES

Name of the coordinating beneficiary (1): Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari (CIHEAM - MAIB)

Name of the associated beneficiary (2): Ministero dell’Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare (Italy)

Name of the associated beneficiary (3): Regione Puglia – Assessorato all’Ecologia

Name of the associated beneficiary (4): Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania (MAICh)

PROJECT BUDGET AND REQUESTED EC FUNDING

Total project budget: 1,506,435.00 €

Total eligible project budget: 1,453,190.00 €

EC financial contribution requested: 703,135,00 € ( = 48.39 % of total eligible budget)

PROJECT POLICY AREA You can only tick one of the following options:

LIFE+ Nature : Best practice and/or demonstration project contributing to the

implementation of the objectives of the EU Birds and Habitats Directives (Council Directives 79/409 EEC and 92/43/EEC)

X LIFE+ Biodiversity : Demonstration and/or innovative project contributing to the

objectives of the Commission Communication COM (2006) 216 final: "Halting the loss of Biodiversity by 2010 – and beyond"

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007 – A4 Coordinating Beneficiary Profile Information

Short Name CIHEAM – MAIB Beneficiary n° 1 Legal information on the Coordinating Beneficiary

Legal Name C.I.H.E.A.M. Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari

Legal Status

VAT No C.F. 93047470724 (fiscal code)

Legal Registration No N. A. x

Registration Date 3/08/1965 (G.U. n°193 del 3 agosto 1965)

Public Authority Other Public Body

Private commercial Private non-commercial

Legal address of the Coordinating Beneficiary

Street Name and No Via Ceglie, 9 PO Box

Post Code 70010 Town/City Valenzano (BA)

Country Code Country Name Italy Coordinating Beneficiary contact person information

Title Phd Function Responsible of the Project Office

Surname Petruzzella First Name Damiano

Department / Service Project Office

Street Name and No Via Ceglie, 6 PO Box

Post Code 70010 Town/City Valenzano (BA)

Country Italy

Telephone No 0039 080 4606 311 Fax No 0039 080 4606 210

E-mail [email protected] Website http://www.iamb.it Coordinating Beneficiary details

Year

Annual turnover N. A. Annual Balance Sheet Total N. A.

Number of employees 50

Number of employees in the department carrying out the project 8

Is your organisation independent (Yes or No) Yes

If No, please indicate legal name(s) of owner(s) wh o own 25 % or more

Is your organisation affiliated to any other partic ipant(s) in the project? (Yes or No) No

If Yes, please indicate Participant Short Name(s) and character of affiliations(s)

Brief description of the activities of the Coordin ating Beneficiary

The Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari (IAMB), established in 1962, is the Italian affiliate of the CIHEAM (Centre International d'Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes), an intergovernmental institution founded under the auspices of the OECD and of the Council of Europe. The activities of the Institute are related to education, training, research, consulting and international cooperation.

The fields of land and water management - irrigated agriculture, integrated pest management, organic and sustainable agriculture. Research activities are oriented to land conservation and water saving mainly in the Mediterranean region. However, in addition to hundreds of graduate students from the Mediterranean, IAMB has in its courses graduate students also from China, Africa, Latin America and the Balkan Peninsula. Since 1999, the IAMB has given rise to an additional Network on Euro-Mediterranean Soil Information System aiming to integrate Land and Water Resources Management and specifically addressing problems of desertification and erosion control in the Mediterranean countries. At present, in the networking activities of the institute participate more than 40 universities and research institutions with more than 70 researchers from the Mediterranean region. An important part of the research work is dedicated to the application of new technologies (GIS, remote sensing and modelling) in land and water management.

Over the last years, the IAMB has participated in the realisation of several EU funded projects dealing with land and water management, organic farming, integrated pest management and sustainable agriculture. For many years the World Bank has contracted the IAMB to organise courses on “Participatory Irrigation Management”.

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Since 2002 the IAMB is coordinating two EU-funded Mediterranean-wide Thematic Networks in land degradation assessment and soil conservation management to support sustainable development in the region (MEDCOASTLAND - http://medcoastland.iamb.it) and Water Saving in Mediterranean Agriculture (WASAMED - http://wasamed.iamb.it) made of more than 80 partners. The Institute is fully equipped with state of the art facilities including modern computer technology

IAMB it was and is involved as coordinator or partner to several projects and networks (most relevant and pertinent are listed only):

- Integrated System for the promotion of Territorial / Environmental Impact Assessment in the frame of spatial development – ISOTEIA (Environment protection, water resources management)

- FORESTA 2000 – Maltese forestation project - Rural development of the Upper Bekaa Valley in Lebanon (Région de Baalbeck-Hermel) - Assessment of the bilateral scientific co-operation between the European Union Member States

(MS), Accession Countries (AC), Candidate Countries (CC) and the Mediterranean Partner Countries (MP) (ASBIMED)

- Water management for agricultural sustainable development in the Southern (Toshka Project) Valley

- Evaluation, development and execution of some flash flood protection works at Wadi Watier - South Sinai

- West Noubaria Rural Development Project - Agreement between the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation of the Arab Republic of Egypt and Bari Institute

- SIMOCA - Establishment and implementation of a multi-functional and sustainable rural development model based on organic and competitive farming

- Integrated System for the promotion of Territorial / Environmental Impact Assessment in the frame of spatial development – ISOTEIA (Environment protection, water resources management)

- Project for the production and delivery of certified plant material in Lebanon - Technical assistance for the improvement of olive oil quality in Syria - INNOVA - Establishing common models of integrated sustainable monitoring, planning and

management of high environmental value areas to control natural resources degradation. - INTEGRA - Developing an integrated model for monitoring, planning and sustainable

management for the enhancement of protected areas - PAB - Targeted integrated project for the dissemination of and technical assistance to organic

production methodologies - BIOUMICA - Creazione ed attivazione di una filiera del recupero della sostanza organica

attraverso il compostaggio »

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007 – A5/1

ASSOCIATED BENEFICIARY PROFILE (Complete for each A ssociated Beneficiary)

Associated Beneficiary profile information

Short name MINAMB Beneficiary n° 2

Legal information on the Associated Beneficiary

Legal Name and full address Legal status

Public Authority X

Other Public Body

Private commercial

Private non-commercial

Ministero dell’Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare

Via Cristoforo Colombo, 44

00147 Roma

Brief description of the activities of the Associat ed Beneficiary

The Ministry ensures the promotion, protection and recovery of environmental conditions and quality of life, as well as the defence and development of the national natural heritage and of the environmental resources from pollution.

The Ministry promotes and takes care of the performance of international agreements, EU directives and regulations regarding the environment and the natural heritage. Every 2 years it presents a report about the environment status to the Parliament.

In addition, the Ministry has the functions relating to the atmospheric and acoustic pollution, the defence of water from pollution, as well as the functions regarding the rubbish elimination, the defence of soil and of the natural reserves and parks.

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Short name REGPU Beneficiary n° 3



Public Authority X

Other Public Body

Private commercial


On. Nichi Vendola (Regione Puglia Government President) Lungomare Nazario Sauro 31/33 70100 Bari Tel 080 5522021 – Fax 080 5406260 [email protected] Contact person: Francesca Pace – Top Manager Via delle Magnolie 70100 Bari Tel. 080.5378707


The Regione Puglia Government is one of the most active regional public authorities in the south of Italy. Through its structures, offices and activities, it aims at guaranteeing systematic relations with all the Italian regional governments and the European Union, to support the regional interests and political programs through technical and political useful initiatives, assist its own territory in the understanding of National and Community procedures and mechanisms, strengthen the relations with other European Regional Governments, take part in national and community programs as well as in the decision-making processes concerning the regional policies. The Regione Puglia, through its offices, coordinates the foreign policy, institutional relationship, local authorities and decentralization; it defines the policies for land planning, environmental protection and management; it ensures the link with different Italian regional governments and European Institutions; it supports and/or participates in activities at different institutional levels (local, regional, national and European) on different matters; it ensures technical and administrative support to suggest plans drawn up within the regional scope; it develops information and training programs and organizes cultural, social and economic initiatives. The Regione Puglia is particularly active in international cooperation programs, for its strategic geographical position. One of the current priorities of Regione Puglia concerns the environmental policies carried out through the the Assessorato per l’Ambiente (Department of the Environment). Assessorato Ecologia – Ufficio Parchi e riserve naturali (Ecology Department–Parks and Nature Reserves Office) that deals with regional protected natural areas; the European network Natura 2000 (SCI and SPA); it promotes environmental preservation and development projects, environmental information and training. The Ecology Department, together with the Departments for Agri-food resources, Tourism and Land Management has issued an innovative law for the protection of ancient olive trees and the promotion of olive landscape and of the oil produced. The Parks Office of the Ecology Department is the beneficiary of the Life Project LIFE05 NAT/IT/000050 “Protection of coastal habitats in pSCI Torre Guaceto” - 2005 - 730,000.00 € - 01/01/2006 - 31/12/2008 – Beneficiary project leader: Consorzio di Gestione di Torre Guaceto.

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Short name MAICh Beneficiary n° 4



Public Authority

Other Public Body X

Private commercial


Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania Alsyllio Agrokepiou, PO Box 85 Chania 73100 Crete GREECE Contact person: Eleni Stamataki [email protected]


The Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania (MAICh, http://www.maich.gr) is the most recently established (1985) of the four Mediterranean Agronomic Institutes administered by the International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies (CIHEAM, http://www.ciheam.org) whose General Secretariat resides in Paris-France. MAICh provides postgraduate education leading to the degree of Master of Science (M.Sc.) and undertakes basic and applied research related to the sectors of economics, rural development, management, and applied biological, technological and environmental sciences, addressing to problems in the Mediterranean area. Up until now, MAICh has been involved in many research and development projects, all of which have been conducted in close collaboration with Greek and other European academic and research institutions. These projects were financed by the Commission of the European Communities and other organizations. The annual budget contribution of the Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania is entirely provided by the Greek government. MAICh provides the following advanced infrastructural resources equipped with the latest technological equipment for the academic support of the departments, researchers, students and third people: Greenhouses, Plant Preservation Facilities, Laboratories (Analytical Chemistry, Soil Science and Plant Diagnostics, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Forest Fire Laboratory, Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing Laboratory), Library and Documentation Centre, Information Technology, Graphic Arts and Publishing Centre. Department of Business Economics and Management The Department of Business Economics and Management has gained widespread experience on issues related to the development of rural areas such as the strengthening of sustainable development patterns, the development of alternative forms of tourism, the promotion of agricultural products, etc. Other activities include the development of software specialised on statistics, operational research, financial analysis, market research and product promotion, combined with Real-Time Simulation Models (www.maich.gr/economic). Department of Horticultural Genetics & Biotechnolog y The Department of Horticultural Genetics & Biotechnology comprises one Studies/Research Coordinator (Dr Panagiotis Kalaitzis), two senior research fellows, three PhD students and a Research Technician. Within the last years, the Department was involved in the genetic diversity assessment as well as the morphological characterization of the Greek Olive germplasm using molecular markers in the framework of a project funded by EU entitled COMBINE and was dedicated to the transfer of knowledge on Turkish and Lebanese labs on the fingerprinting of olive varieties from the Southeast Mediterranean region. Recently a basic research grant was competitively awarded to the Department regarding agrofood forensics on Olive oil for the determination of the varietal origin of olive oil. Moreover, the Department

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coordinates an Intereg IIIC-South project on the collection, characterization and exploitation of endogenous vegetable, legume and cereals accessions from the islands of Crete and Aegean Sea. These accessions are characterized in terms of botanical and genetic diversity as the first step towards exploitation. In addition, there is under progress an effort to develop a methodology for the detection of sesame allergenic proteins in various foods in the framework of a bilateral project with Cyprus funded by GSRT, Greece. Another area of interest is the molecular basis of hypoxic response in plants using Arabidopsis and carnation plants as model system as well as the role of prolyl 4 hydroxylases in hypoxia and plant growth and development in collaboration with the Collagen Research Unit, University of Oulou, Finland. The team has extensive expertise in plant molecular physiology techniques such gene cloning and gene expression studies, agrobacterium mediated transformation of plants and Arabidopsis genetics. Further more, the Department provides services on qualitative and quantitative GMO detection in agricultural products such as soya, corn and cotton, an area of extended interest for several Western Balkan countries. Relevant Projects: • “Actions for the conservation of Mediterranean Temporary Ponds in Crete” (2004 – 2008),

co - financed by EU; (LIFE04NAT/GR/000105). • “A Pilot Network of Plant Micro-Reserves in Western Crete” (2005-2007), co-financed by

EU (LIFE04NAT/GR/000104). • Documentation, Monitoring and Protection of three native plant species in the massif of

White Mountains (Lefka Ori), Crete, included in Appendix II of the EU Dir.92/43 as Priority Species (Feb.2003-Fev.2004) Programme “Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development” of the Greek Ministry of Environment, Planning & Public Works

• "Tools for Evaluating Investment in the Mediterranean Mountain Areas - An Integrated Framework for Sustainable Development - MEDMONT" (2000-2004) financed by DGXI - Research and Technology, QLRT-1999-31031.

• Innovative Rural Development Strategy based on local and trans-national Economical Networks (IRENE), Contract No: 5C064 IRENE / EU Community Initiative INTERREG IIIB CADSES

Harmonious Development of Rural and Insular Areas (HADRIAMED) (A 1.219 – 1.2), 2006 - 2008 EU Community Initiative INTERREG IIIB – ARCHIMED

Market and Trade Policies for Mediterranean Agriculture: The case of fruit/vegetables and olive oil (MEDFROL), EU 6th Framework for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration, SSPE/CT, 2004-502459 (2004-2006)

Development of biotechnological methodology for the Identification of varietal origin of Olive Oil from Chania, General Secretariat for Research and Technology, III European Support Framework 200 -2006

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007 – A6

CO-FINANCIER PROFILE AND COMMITMENT FORM (Complete for each co-financier)

Legal Name and full address on the co-financier

N.A.

Financial commitment

We will contribute the following amount to the project: ….. Euro

Status of the financial commitment

Stamp and signature of the authorised person

Name and status of the authorised person (obligatory):

Date of the signature (obligatory):

Authorised stamp and signature (obligatory):

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007 – A7

OTHER PROPOSALS SUBMITTED FOR COMMUNITY FUNDING Please answer each of the following questions : • Have you or any of your associated beneficiaries already benefited from previous LIFE co-

financing? (please cite LIFE project reference number, title, year, amount of the co-financing, duration, name(s) of coordinating beneficiary and/or partners involved):

Taking into account the high level of institutional partners, the number of funded projects is very high. For this reason we refer only to the projects that have been funded since 2005. - Title: Actions of protection of priority coastal habitats of Torre Guaceto (HABI.COAST LIFE05NAT/IT/000050) Year: 2003 Duration:7 years Amount of the co-financing: 730 000€ Starting date: 01/01/2006 Ending date: 31/12/2008; Partners: Consorzio di Gestione di Torre Guaceto (Leader Partner), Università di Lecce – Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Comune di Carovigno, Comune di Brindisi, Regione Puglia – Assessorato Ambiente, Regione Puglia – Ispettorato Ripartimentale delle Foreste di Brindisi, CODRA MEDITERRANEA srl, Provincia di Brindisi. - Title: Urgent actions of conservation for the pSCI of Fortore river (LIFE05 NAT/IT/000026) Year:2006 Duration: 3 years Amount of the co-financing: 1 590 000€ Partners: Comunità Montana dei Monti Dauni Settentrionali (Leader Partner), Regione Molise, Regione Puglia, Regione Campania, Autorità di Bacino Interregionale dei Fiumi Trigno, Biferno e minori, Saccione e Fortore, Provincia di Foggia, Comunità Montana del Fortore, in qualità di cofinanziatore; CONSIAT S.p.a. (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo Industriale dell'Alto Tavoliere), Centro Studi Naturalistici O.n.I.u.s. MAICh is involved in the following projects: - Title: Management and protection of the threatened biotopes of Western Crete with ecotopes and priority species (EU-LIFE 95/GR/A22/GR/1143/KRI) Year: 1996 Duration: 12 months Amount of the co-financing: 500.000 € Coordinating beneficiary: Organization of the Development of Western Crete Partners involved: MAICh; University of Crete, Department of Biology; Communities of Vathis, Gramvoussa, Agia, Georgioupoli and Assomatou, Crete. - Title: Mediterranean reservoirs and Wetlands. A demonstration of multiple objective management in the island of Crete – RESERVWET (LIFE00ENV/GR/000685) Year: 2001 Amount of the co-financing : 1.699.124 € Duration: 40 months Coordinating beneficiary: Natural History Museum of Crete (NHMC) Partners involved: MAICh, Municipality of Ierapetra, Municipality of Thrapsano, Municipality of Rouvas and the Municipality of Arkalochori. - Title: A pilot network of plant micro-reserves in Western Crete – CRETA PLANT (LIFE NAT/GR/000104) Year: 2004 Amount of the co-financing : 931.650 € Duration: 40 months Coordinating beneficiary: Natural and Kapodistrian University of Athens Partners involved: MAICh, Forest Directorate of Chania – Region of Crete (FDC). • Have you or any of the associated beneficiaries submitted any actions related directly or

indirectly to this project to other Community financial instruments? To whom? When and with what results?

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MAIB is involved in the following projects: - INTERREG IIIA GREECE-ITALY 2000-2006, Setting up and development of a chain for organic matter recovery through composting » Acronym: (BIOUMICA) Starting date: 10/2006 Ending date : 09/2008; Total budget: 860,000 €; PARTNERS: Comune di Carovigno (Leader Partner), Riserva di Torre Guaceto Istituto Agronomico Mediterraneo – (C.I.H.E.A.M. – I.A.M.B.), Trihonida s.a.,Universita di Ioannina- - Facolta’ dell'Amministrazione delle Risorse Naturali e Ambientali. The project is aimed to set up a chain for the recovery of the waste generated by agricultural and urban activities within the terrestrial and marine protected area of Torre Guaceto and in the Greek area of Trihonida through the recovery of the organic matter contained in agricultural waste by composing. The project is intended to implement a path of organic matter recovery from the rural and urban waste in coastal protected areas with a view to produce quality compost to be re-used on the agricultural soils of the two protected areas. - INTERREG IIIB ARCHIMED - Protection, planning and management of natural resources and landscapes (INNOVA) Starting date: 10/2005 Ending date: 12/2007 Total budget: 1,669,500 € Lead Partner: Regione Puglia Contries involved: Italy (MAIB, UNILE, PoliBA, ), Malta (MRAE, University of Malta), Cyprus (ARI), Greece (MAICH, Prefectural Adm. Chania), Turkey (EGE University), Israel (Ministry of Agriculture, ARO), Egypt (DRC), Libya (EGA), Palestine (Ministry of Agriculture; AL QUDS University) Results: Innovative management model for the park areas - INTERREG III A ITALIA – ALBANIA Title: Integrated oriented project for the spreading and technical assistance for implementing methodologies for the organic products production. Project extension PAB II Starting date 01.05.2007 Ending date 30.06.2008 Budget 980.000 euro Partners : Mediterranean Agricultural Institute (Leader Partner), Ministero dell’agricoltura, alimentazione e protezione del consumatore – Albania Results: Guidelines definition and regulations development for the organic agriculture

- Nuovo Programma di Prossimità Adriatico INTERREG/CARDS-PHARE Title: Development of an integrated model for monitoring, planning and sustainable management for the protected areas enhancement (INTEGRA) Starting date 02.2007 Ending date 06.2008 Budget 726.690,66 euro Partners: Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari Partners: AltraRomagna scarl; SVIM Marche; Provincia Pesaro e Urbino; Regione Abruzzo; ARSSA; Regione Molise; Regione Puglia; Provincia Lecce; Università di Bari-Dip.PROGESA; Croatian Agricultural Extension Institute; Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection - Directorate for Environmental Protection of Republic of Serbia; Institute for Nature Conservation of Serbia; Republic of Albania Ministry of Environment, Forestry and Water Administration; Bosnia and Herzegovina Faculty of Agriculture of Banja Luka Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bosnia and Herzegovina Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Forestry, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Results: Transfer of parks governance models. MAICh has not submitted any actions related directly or indirectly to this project to other Community financial instruments

• For those actions which fall within the eligibility criteria for financing through other Community financial instruments, please explain in detail why you consider that those actions nevertheless do not fall within the main scope of the instrument(s) in question and are therefore included in the current project.

Some of the actions included in this proposal fall within the eligibility criteria of the Rural Development Plan (RDP) 2007-2013.

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With reference to Apulia region, the RDP focuses on high nature value farmlands, indicating them as all the sites featured by a high concentration of endemic species, which have a great ecological regeneration potential but show signs of degradation with a subsequent progressive loss of habitats, and hence considered to be essential for the conservation of biodiversity. Regarding this definition, an accurate definition of the abovementioned areas is still missing. You find below the measures of the RDP that might be correlated to this project proposal but which are not foreseen for funding. Agro-environmental payments: Farms receive some benefits for the application of the EEC regulations on organic farming that while excluding synthetic chemicals (that negatively affect biodiversity) do not include the funding of specific guidelines and management criteria for farms and, much less, for sites of high nature value like ancient olive groves. This is the same approach applied in the Greek RDP. Protection and enhancement of the rural heritage: This measure involves works of extraordinary maintenance of monumental olive trees, which are not included in our proposal.

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LIFE + Nature and Biodiversity TECHNICAL APPLICATION FORMS

Part B – technical summary and overall context of the project

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007 – B1

SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT (Max. 3 pages; to be completed in English) Project title: Identification and conservation of the high nature value of ancient olive groves in the Mediterranean region (CENT.OLI.MED.) Objectives: General Objective Designation of ancient olive groves as High Nature Value Farmlands (HNVF), and actions aimed to halt the loss of biodiversity. Specific purposes: 1. Identification and assessment of the elements characterizing the Mediterranean ancient olive groves as High Nature Value Farmlands (HNVF). 2. Enhancement and protection of the biodiversity of target ancient olive groves: - Actions of re-naturalization - Definition and implementation of Guidelines for the agro-environmental management of ancient olive groves by a participatory approach; 3. Development and application of an innovative model of governance of the high nature value of ancient olive groves landscape; 4. Definition and concerted formulation of common policies for the protection and enhancement of ancient olive groves in the Mediterranean region; 5. Dissemination: wide spreading of knowledge and competences on the nature value of ancient olive groves and on how to halt the loss of their biodiversity

Actions and means involved: A1 – Identification and measurement of the biodiversity of target ancient olives in Apulia. a. Identifying and measuring small-scale structural elements (walls and other dry stone structures, water tanks), and recording and carrying out the floristic analysis of the wild crops characterizing the target ancient olive groves; b. Identifying and measuring the stock of vertebrate populations and the role played by the olive grove in the biological cycle of each species. A2 - Identification and measurement of the biodiversity of target ancient olives in Voukolies: a. Identifying and measuring small-scale structural elements (walls and other dry-stone structures, water tanks), and recording and carrying out the floristic analysis of the wild crops characterizing the target ancient olive groves; b. Identifying and measuring the stock of vertebrate populations and the role played by the olive grove in the biological cycle of each species. A3 – Morpho-genetic and environmental characterization of the ancient olive groves selected as target areas in Apulia: a. Territorial background with special reference to the relationships with environmental detractors and high nature value areas; b. Collection of germplasm from a considerable number of ancient plants; c. Characterization targeted to measure the capacity of the trunks of ancient olive plants included in the previous item b to offer a habitat and microhabitat; A4 – Morpho-genetic and environmental characterization of the ancient olive groves selected as target areas in Voukolies - Chania : a. Territorial background with special reference to the relationships with environmental detractors and high nature value areas; b. Collection of germplasm from a considerable number of ancient plants; c. Characterization targeted to measure the capacity of the trunks of ancient olive plants included in the previous item b to offer a habitat and microhabitat;

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A5 – Elaboration of guidelines for biodiversity protection by sharing the target area of Torre Guaceto with farmers; A6 - Development of guidelines for biodiversity protection by sharing of the target area of Voukolis – Chania with farmers ; A7 – Elaboration of an integrated plan of economic, social and environmental enhancement of the areas occupied by ancient olive groves; A8 – Elaboration of an environmental governance model of ancient olive areas by concerted efforts with the local actors in the target area of Torre Guaceto (Apulia); A9 – Elaboration of an environmental governance model of ancient olive areas by concerted efforts with the local actors in the taget area of Voukolies – Chania ; A10 – Formulation of an action plan for the protection of ancient olive groves in the Mediterranean region through a concerted action with policy makers; C1– Enhancement of shrub and tree habitats biodiversities in the target area of Torre Guaceto: a. The new planting of Mediterranean shrublands edges along pre-existing dry walls or along newly created rudimentary dry walls; b. The planting of 20 carob-tree specimens. C2 – Enhancement of shrub and tree habitats biodiversities in the target area of in the taget area of Voukolies – Chania: a. The new planting of Mediterranean shrublands edges along pre-existing dry walls or along newly created rudimentary dry walls; b. The planting of 20 carob-tree specimens. C3 - Enhancement of the biodiversity of the Mediterranean grasslands habitat using propagating material of local ecotypes (target area of Torre Guaceto –Apulia) C4 - Enhancement of the biodiversity of the Mediterranean grasslands habitat using propagating material of local ecotypes (target area of Voukolis – Chania). C5 – Conservation of the genetic resouces through the establishment of a Mediterranean bank of germoplasm in Torre Guaceto C6 – Propagation of the valuable genetic material of ancient olive groves by nursery techniques in Torre Guaceto; C7 – Implementation of the guidelines for the management of ancient olive groves in Torre Guaceto C8 – Implementation of the guidelines for the management of ancient olive groves in Voukolies – Chania C9 – Implementation of the economic enhancement integrated plan in the target area of Torre Guaceto C10 – Implementation of the governance model in the area of ancient olive groves of Torre Guaceto C11 - Implementation of the governance model in the area of ancient olive groves in Voukolies – Chania ; D1 – Publications; D3 – Web- site; D4 –Workshops (interactive laboratory) for the dissemination of the experiences relative to protection, enhancement and management of ancient olive groves in other Apulian and Greek areas. D5 – Didactic Workforce D6 – Layman’s report D7 – Notice boards E1 – Final monitoring of vertebrate populations of the target ancient olive groves (ancient olive groves of Torre Guaceto). E2 - Final monitoring of vertebrate populations of the target ancient olive groves (ancient olive groves of Voukolies- Chania). E3 – Monitoring of the increase in biodiversity of tree habitats and Mediterranean grasslands (ancient olive groves of Torre Guaceto). E4 - Monitoring of the increase in biodiversity of tree habitats and Mediterranean grasslands habitats (ancient olive groves of Voukolies - Chania). E5 – Overall project management E6 – External audit E7 - After-LIFE conservation plan

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Expected results (quantified as far as possible): Objectives Actions Expected results

A1 Preliminary study on the characterization of biodiversity of ancient olive groves in Apulia

A2 Preliminary study on the characterization of biodiversity of ancient olive groves of Voukolies- Chania

A3 Morpho-genetic and environmental characterization of olive groves in Apulia

A4 Morpho-genetic and environmental characterization of olive groves of Voukolies-

E1 An increase in nesting and population of the investigated vertebrate species of Torre Guaceto

E2 An increase in nesting and population of the investigated vertebrate species of Voukolies- Chania

E3 A check of the increase in biodiversity subsequent to the establishment of Mediterranean grassland

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C1 Increase in floristic biodiversity (0.2 ha of Mediterranean shrub), in the biodiversity of micro-habitats of dry stone walls (240 m3), tree shelter sites (20 Carob trees). Subsequent increase in bird species and Cyrtopodion kotschyi (Torre Guaceto)

C2 Increase in floristic biodiversity (0.2 ha of Mediterranean shrub), in the biodiversity of micro-habitats of dry stone walls (240 m3), tree shelter sites (20 Carob trees). Subsequent increase in bird species and Cyrtopodion kotschyi ( Voukolies)

C3 The enhancement of biodiversity by establishing a community of Mediterranean grassland (10,000 m2), improvement of soil quality, increase the reproduction of Turdus viscivorous of Torre Guaceto.

C4 The enhancement of biodiversity by establishing a community of Mediterranean grassland (10,000 m2), improvement of soil quality, increase of the reproduction of Turdus viscivorous of Voukolies

C5 Bank of germplasm of 6000 m2 and about 300 plants.

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C6 Nursery for the production of 1500-2000 plants A5 Guidelines for the increase/conservation of biodiversity (Torre Guaceto) A6 Guidelines for the increase/conservation of biodiversity Voukolies- Chania

C7 Guidelines Implementation. Reduction of the presence of harmful residues on soil, water and oil; increase in Cyrtopodion kotschyi and of overwintering populations of Sylvia Melanocephala and Turdus philomelus.(Torre Guaceto)

C8 Guidelines Implementation. Reduction of the presence of harmful residues on soil, water and oil; increase in Cyrtopodion kotschyi and of overwintering populations of Sylvia Melanocephala and Turdus philomelus. Voukolies- Chania

A7 Economic enhancement plan of the ancient olive grove areas of Torre Guaceto

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C9 Implementation of a Service Centre equipped with a laboratory of about 40 m2; exhibition space of 30 m2; service space of 20 m2; path markers over 3 km (no. 5 descriptive tables; no. 5 panels).

A8 Elaboration of an innovatory governance model at Torre Guaceto A9 Elaboration of an innovatory governance model at Voukolies

C10 Implementation of the governance model, management secretariat and Internet site at Torre Guaceto

3

C11 Implementation of the governance model, management secretariat and Internet site at Voukolies

4 A10 Euro-Mediterranean action plan for the protection of ancient olive groves

E7 After-LIFE conservation plan

D1 1 brochure, n° 2 progress reports; n°3 technical-sc ientific publications ; info point, final report 5

D3 Design, implementation, maintenance and update of the web site. Annual report of the state of the web site

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D4 Interactive workshops: N°4 Meetings with stakeholde rs and reports of each single meeting

D5 Didactic workforce: 8 lectures of 4 hours each for 10 participants D6 Layman’s report: 100 copies in electronic sent by e-mail; 100 copies in paper format D7 10 notice boards

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007 – B2a

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA / SITE(S) TARGETED BY THE PROJECT

Name of the project area: ancient olive groves of Torre Guaceto Surface area (ha): 260 ha

EU protection status: SPA □ NATURA 2000 Code : ................................

pSCI □ NATURA 2000 Code : ................................ Other protection status according to national or re gional legislation: The area of ancient olive groves falls within the State Nature Reserve of Torre Guaceto (D.M. Ministry of the Environment of 04/02/2000). Main land uses and ownership status of the project area: The ancient olive groves of Torre Guaceto Reserve concern only the area of Carovigno; they are sited in a well-defined strip, bounded by the railway line on the last hillsides, upstream of the SCI area Macchia S. Giovanni. They stretch for about 260 ha (equal to 1/4 of the area of the whole Reserve). The centuries-old olive plants belong to the variety Ogliarola Salentina, with some specimens of the variety Cellina di Nardò. The whole area sited in the territory of Carovigno falls within the Scheme of the PDO extra-virgin olive oil “Collina di Brindisi” and in the Route of the extra-virgin olive oil “Collina di Brindisi”. Of great historical and nature value is the tree-lined broad avenue joining the Castle of Terranova to the bay of Torre Guaceto. Along the above road there is still the windbreak made up of the original shrublands, with huge specimens of wild olive, holm oak, lentisk, buckthorn and Phyllyrea tree. Land tenure is characterised by fragmentation due to the splitting up and allocation of holdings to peasant families at the time of Land Reform, and to hereditary succession. The mean farm size is about 2 hectares compared to the original 5 and/or 10 ha, which were considered as the “minimum production unit” at the time of Land Reform. The extreme land fragmentation is today one of the reasons of economic non-sustainability of the agricultural activities of this area. In this framework there are large estates covering several hundred hectares. All the actions proposed in the project are sited in Torre Guaceto. Scientific description of project area: The area of ancient olive groves falls within the scheme of the State Nature Reserve of Torre Guaceto; it covers an area of 260 ha that is sited on the last hillsides of Murge, and lays over a shallow clay-textured soil covering a calcareous substrate. The area constitutes a bio-geographic boundary between the area of Murge and the plain of Brindisi. It includes a regularly-spaced olive grove that is 500 years old, on average, planted after the building of Guaceto Aragonese Tower that ensured a greater protection of the coast and of inland areas. The prevailing variety is Ogliarola salentina that represents in Apulia the ancient plants. Over the last decades some groves were re-thickened, some deteriorating plants were substituted by the local cultivars such as Cellina di Nardò. The ripening of both cultivars is staggered so that the harvest period lasts from November till February. The olive grove is mostly run in dry farming, and plants keep their size and original canopy volumes nearly unchanged with second, third and fourth order branches. In the project area there are problems related to the mismanagement resulting in: - the groundwater pollution, due to the use of copper (Haignon et al. 2002, Besnard et al 2001) and other heavy metals in the fertilization (admitted by EU Reg. 2092/91 for Organic Agriculture) responsible also for direct damages to soil-borne microrganisms (Banu N.A. et al 2004),

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- the removal of hedges, dry walls and other small-scale structural elements that act as major shelter areas for many target species of the project, - the presence of residues in the olive oil produced; for example the use of rotenone for the control of olive fly releases residues that are the direct cause of Parkinson ‘s disease (Cabras, P., Caboni, P., Cabras, M. , Angioni, A., e Russo, M., 2002 - Sherer, T.B., Betarbet, R., Testa, C.M., Seo, B.B., Richardson, J.R., Kim, J.H., Miller, G.W., Yagi, T., Matsuno-Yagi, ., e Greenamyre, J.T., 2003). - the impoverishment of the agro-ecosystem and of its self-regulating capacity, - the disappearance of beneficial insects (Psyttalia concolor, Eupelmus urozonus,Pnigalio agraules,Eurytoma martellii) the presence of which is related to hedges of myrtle (Myrtus communis), honey locust (Gleditschia triacanthos), mastic (Pistacia lentiscus), caper (Capparis spinosa) and jujub (Zyziphus sativa). In particular Psyttalia concolor is harmful to the main olive pest, that is the olive fly (Bractrocera oleae). The disappear of beneficial insects (Psyttalia concolor, Eupelmus urozonus,Pnigalio agraules,Eurytoma martellii) due to both the chemical treatments and the low density of hedges, as: Myrtle (Myrtus communis), Acacia (Gleditschia triacanthos), lentisk (Pistacia lentiscus), Caper (Capparis spinosa) and Jujube (Zyziphus sativa). In particular, Psyttalia concolor is antagonist of the main pest of the olive tree, like the olive fly (Bractrocera oleae). The genetic importance of ancient olive plants derives from their ability to cope with adverse weather conditions and climate changes over the centuries. The reduction of genetic variability is indeed one of the problems threatening severely the balance of agro-ecosystems. The conservation and propagation by the nursery techniques of existing genotypes is of paramount importance, both for the preservation of genetic resources ( with high risk of genetic erosion) and for starting the genetic improvement, as well as to obtain plants for re-establishment in the areas with ancient olive trees. Importance of the project area for biodiversity and /or for the conservation of the species / habitat types targeted at regional, national and EU level (give quantitative information if possible): Many bird species use olive trunk for nesting purposes. They include: Certhia brachydactyla, Turdus viscivorus, Lanius senator, Parus major, Parus caeruleus, Sylvia melanocephala, Carduelis carduelis, Carduelis chloris, Serinus serinus, Emberiza cirlus, Asio otus, Upupa epops, Athene noctua, Otus scops (data taken from the project Mito 2000). Olive groves are also main sites for many over-wintering species such as Sylvia melanocephala, Sylvia atricapilla, Turdus philomelus, Erithacus rubecola, (Alcantara and Rey, 2003), Jinx torquilla (Farinello et al, 1994), Sturnus vulgaris, Columba palumbus, Streptopelia turtur. Reptiles and micro-mammals also use Apulian ancient olives for their life cycle. The most regular visitors include Cyrtopodion Kotschyi, a species, especially related to the rural areas that will be involved in specific activities concerning the investigation and estimate of populations and that will be included in the lists of protected species of the network Natura 2000.

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Number of species Presence in Apulia

Directive 92/43/CEE

Directive 79/409/CEE

Red list Fauna of Italy

Mammalians Rhinolophus ferrumequinum C All II – All IV VU

Barbastella barbastellus C All II – All IV EN

Eptesicus serotinus C All IV LR

Hypsugo savii C All IV LR

Myotis daubentonii ? All IV VU

Myotis emarginatus C All II – All IV VU

Myotis myotis C All II – All IV VU

Nyctalus leisleri C All IV VU

Pipistrellus pipistrellus C All IV LR

Pipistrellus pygmaeus ? All IV

Plecotus auritus ? All IV LR

Plecotus austriacus ? All IV LR

Reptiles Cyrtopodion kotschyi

C All IV VU

Podarcis sicula C All IV

Elaphe quatuorlineata C All II – All IV LR

Elaphe situla C All II – All IV LR

Coluber viridiflavus

C All IV

Birds Columba palumbus W All. II/1

Streptopelia turtur W All. II/2

Otus scops B LR

Athene noctua B

Asio otus B LR

Upupa epops B

Jinx torquilla ?

Erithacus rubecola W

Turdus philomelus W All. II/2

Turdus viscivorus B All. II/2

Sylvia melanocephala B, W

Sylvia atricapilla W

Parus caeruleus B

Certhia brachydactyla B

Lanius senator B LR

Sturnus vulgaris W All. II/2

Serinus serinus B

Carduelis chloris B

Carduelis carduelis B

Emberiza cirlus B

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007 – B2a

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA / SITE(S) TARGETED BY THE PROJECT

Name of the project area: “ Bugiukliana” - PALAIA ROUMATA, VOUKOLIES Surface area (ha): Area: 7 ha

EU protection status: SPA □ NATURA 2000 Code : ................................

pSCI □ NATURA 2000 Code : ................................ Other protection status according to national or re gional legislation: None Main land uses and ownership status of the project area: Stockbreeding has traditionally played an extremely important role in the life of the residents and still does, specifically, sheep and goats are bred for milk and meat. The area under trees covers 85%, garden area includes 4%, arable land 6%, vines 2% and fallow land 3%. Olive trees include 1,800 hectares, 234 hectares include fruit and citrus trees and 159 hectares include vegetables. The main land use is concentrating to olive tree cultivation and harvesting. The ownership status of the project area is consisting from individual private holdings. Private holdings are small sized and land parcelling is the main characteristic of the ownership status of the land. Finally, in the northern part of the area the tourist resorts attract few visitors every year, who can be accommodated in traditional hotels, rooms for rent and camping. Scientific description of project area: The area could be characterised as polymorphic with approximately equal tracks of flat, semi-mountainous and mountainous areas. It spreads along the valley formed by the river Tayronitis which is very fertile, covered mainly by olive trees. The climate is typically Mediterranean, with hot dry summers and mild winters characterized by frequent rainfalls (average annual rainfall 722.6 mm, mean annual air temperature 17oC). Rainfall finds its way to the sea through the large drainage network of the area or through groundwater movement in the aquifers. Olives are the most extended groves with deep historical roots, covering 42% of the Municipality and 85% of the farm land. 45% of the Municipality, which is not farm land is covered by open type Mediterranean lands. The predominant flora of the area is Maquies (Juniperus sp. Dapne oleoides, Quercus sp., Ceratonia siliqua, Laurus sp.), Garrigues (Euphorbia sp., Crataegus sp., Sideretis sp., Genista sp.) and Frygana (Sarcopoterium spinosum, Thymus capitatus, Erica sp. Rhamnus sp., Cistus sp., Pistacia lentiscus, Salvia sp., Euphorbia acanthothamnos, Verbascum sp., Phlomis sp. Origanum sp., Hypericum sp.) and small extents of conifers, chestnut and plane forest. The main fauna species is goat. Two soil types are predominant, the calcareous Redgina soils and Terra Rosa soils. Importance of the project area for biodiversity and /or for the conservation of the species / habitat types targeted at regional, national and EU level (give quantitative information if possible): The project area consists of a typical Mediterranean ecosystem, which is half covered by olive groves, some of them being populated by ancient olives. The older locals naming those trees “enetika” (Venetian) indication that place the existence of these cultivations, back in the 1 6th century. Thus, it is ideal for preserving ancient olive genotypes and assessing the genetic diversity among them, in the framework of the already initiated effort on cultivar fingerprinting using molecular markers. This will serve as the main means to protect and maintain the ancient biodiversity, establish the significance of these ancient olive accessions and ensure dissemination and

22

marketing of these particular plants at regional level. At national level, the conservation of threatened genetic resources will aim at raising the public awareness on the value of biodiversity and sustainable management of natural resources. Finally, at EU level, providing a BARCODE for ancient olive cultivars will contribute to registering biodiversity and maintaining autochthonous species. Moreover, re-using olive by-products as an energy source will contribute not only to the local economy, but to an sustainable approach that can be disseminated throughout the EU countries that are considered with olive cultivation.

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007 – B2b MAP OF THE GENERAL LOCATION OF THE PROJECT AREA

1) Parco Nazionale del Gargano(A1, A3).

2) Parco Regionale delle

dune costiere Torre Canne- Torre San Leonardo (A1, A3)

3) Riserva Naturale dello

Stato di Torre Guaceto (A1, A3, A5, A7, A8 C1, C3, C5, C6, C7, C9, C10, E1, E3.)

4) Riserva Naturale Le

Cesine (A1, A3.)

3

Riserva naturale dello Stato di Torre Guaceto

Area target degli oliveti secolari di Torre Guaceto

LOCATION IN THE COUNTRY

LOCATION IN THE REGION

AREA TARGET TORRE GUACETO

Foggia

Bari

Brindisi

Lecce

TarantoO

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007 – B2b

MAP OF THE EXACT LOCATION OF THE PROJECT AREA – “BUGIUKLIANA” P. Roumata – VOUKOLIES (CHANIA-GRECIA) Action: A2, A4, A6, A9, C 2, C4, C8, C11, E2, E4

25

LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007 – B2c

DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES / HABITATS / BIODIVERSITY IS SUES TARGETED BY THE PROJECT

In biodiversity protection, the High Nature Value Farmlands – HNVF play a crucial role along with natural areas. In the Mediterranean region, HNVF include ancient olive groves, which are extensive crops (50 plants/hectare) that constitute the elements of a mosaic of semi-natural and cultivated areas, spaced out by typical small-scale structural elements, such as Mediterranean shrublands edges, dry walls, woodland strips (Monteleone, 2007). The ancient olive grove, as HNVF, is the target habitat of this project. The high biodiversity is related to the germplasm of ancient plants, some of them being millenary, which have a natural genetic potential of adaptation to the variations in environmental and cropping conditions. Ancient plants are also distinguished by trunks full of cavities, which constitute as many habitats and microhabitats for vertebrate and invertebrate fauna. These cavities make ancient olive trees vicarious species of mature forest habitats. Thanks to these features the olive trunk is used for nesting by Certhia brachydactyla, Turdus viscivorus, Lanius senator, Parus major, Parus caeruleus, Sylvia melanocephala, Carduelis carduelis, Carduelis chloris, Serinus serinus, Emberiza cirlus, Asio otus, Upupa epops, Athene noctua, Otus scops (data taken from the project Mito 2000). Moreover, olive plantations are also essential for many over-wintering species such as Sylvia melanocephala, Sylvia atricapilla, Turdus philomelus, Erithacus rubecola, (Alcantara e Rey, 2003), Jinx torquilla (Farinello et al, 1994), Sturnus vulgaris, Columba palumbus, Streptopelia turtur. A study carried out for Lazio Regional Government has revealed the presence of 26 different bird species that are found, in different biological phases, in olive plantations habitats (Sarrocco, 2007). Despite the lack of appropriate studies on the use of olive groves by Chiroptera, many reports refer to an actual use of these environments. Out of the 19 species of chiroptera recorded for Apulia (Bux et al, 2007), 12 are connected with the forest or are related to the tree cavities. One of the steps of the investigation of Action A1 will focus on these species (enclosed table). Reptiles and micro-mammals also make use of Apulian ancient olive groves for their life cycle. Among the most regular visitors we mention Cyrtopodion Kotschyi, a species especially related to the rural areas that will be involved in specific activities concerning the investigation and estimate of populations. Mammals include Rhinolophus ferrumquinum, Barbastella barbastellus, Eptesicus serotinus, Hypsugo savii, Myotis daubentonii, Myotis emarginatus and Myotis myotis. As to the entomofauna in the Mediterranean region, 137 species of insects feeding on olive have been inventoried, 60 of which in Spanish olive groves (Arambourg, 1983). As for floristic diversity, the ancient olive groves seem to play a crucial role. Marino et al (2004) have reported 83 different floristic species in the ancient olive groves of Basilicata region (Italy). An investigation conducted in Sicily region has shown a greater floristic diversity associated with organically grown olive plantations as compared to conventional orchards. (146 species versus 73 in conventional olive plantations). Similar conditions are also observed In other Mediterranean areas. In a research carried out on olive groves in the province of Cordoba, 536 species of different phanerogams were identified: you often find up to 100 species over one hectare, (Pujadas-Salvá,1988, mentioned by Saavedra y Pastor,1994), The above-described situation has suggested the idea of including the Mediterranean ancient olive groves among the habitats of Community interest (as proposed by the Società Botanica Italiana).

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007 – B2d

CONSERVATION / BIODIVERSITY PROBLEMS AND THREATS

Threat 1a: Name of the threat: Loss of biodiversity due to limited knowledge of the nature value of ancient olives. Description: Ancient olive groves include some particular structural elements e.g. hedges, cover crop strips, tree rows, wild shrubs and since they are managed traditionally, they can be viewed as high nature value farmlands1. Based on the definition of HNVF, in these areas one can find not only interesting sites and rare species, but also a number of common and widespread species which need accurate monitoring and protection. Some European studies2 have highlighted a substantial decline of common birds related to agricultural areas (PECBM, 2006). The decline is sharper in the old EU countries compared to the new Eastern European member states and consequently, measures should be adopted to preserve also those species considered safe so far. On the other hand, emphasis is increasingly laid on genetics, above all of ancient olives, which has not been investigated much thus preventing the accurate characterisation of the existing genetic entities. Nowadays, the impact of these activities is limited in terms of identification of valuable material (for one or several traits) and its propagation to help nurserymen distributing this material. This aspect is also important for biodiversity maintenance, currently threatened by the marketing of only few cultivars (no more than 30-40 cultivars in the southern regions) 3 which are being replaced by young plants. Location: Ancient olive groves of Torre Guaceto and Voukolies Impact on habitat/species: Anthropic impacts, agronomic in paticular,on the olive grove. How these problems and threats will be dealt with during the project: The nature value of the area will be assessed by: - identifying and measuring the elements which contribute to the biodiversity of the target ancient olive groves (small-scale structures i.e. dry stone walls and other stoneworks, water pools etc.) and analysing the wild flora, the vertebrate populations and the role played by the olive grove in the life cycle of each species). - the morphogenetic and environmental characterisation of the ancient olive groves selected as target areas (landscape description focussing on relations with the environmental detractors and the high nature value areas; collection of germplasm from an appropriate number of ancient plants; characterisation of the ability of ancient olive trunks to provide habitats and microhabitats) - conservation of genetic resources by setting up a Mediterranean germplasm bank, - propagating the valuable genetic material of ancient olives; Moreover some concrete re-naturalisation actions will be included: - the enhancement of biodiversity of shrub and tree habitats (by establishing ex novo edges of Mediterranean shrubs along the existing dry stone walls or along the rudimentary dry stone walls built ex novo and by planting 20 carob trees) - the enhancement of the habitat of Mediterranean steppe grasslands by using propagating material of local ecotypes. Threat 2a: Name of the threat: Intensive farming activities Description:

1 Report of 2004 entitled “High nature value farmlands. Characteristics, trends and policy challenges”, of the European Environment

Agency– EEA 2 Pan-European Common Bird Monitoring Scheme (PECBMS); (Gregory et al., 2003, 2005). 3 Biodiversità del germoplasma olivicolo italiano, CRA, Perri-Muzzalupo.

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Intensive agriculture has strong repercussions on the environment due to the application of pesticides and herbicides, the elimination of small-scale structures and a general neglect of the agroecosystem. Over the time these factors have contributed to fragmenting and altering the agroecosystem and to the loss of habitats and species since chemicals are finally incorporated in the food chain in huge amounts thus eliminating the most susceptible food levels. Organic farming, despite the prohibition of applying synthetic chemicals, does not always guarantee the protection of the agroecosystem biodiversity. Indeed, regulation EEC No 2092/91 authorises the use of some products e.g. copper or rotenone that have negative effects: the former is a heavy metal which has serious repercussions on soil beneficial microorganisms and pollutes underground water, the latter is liposoluble and accumulates in olive oil thus posing a threat to human health (it is considered to be one of the causal agents of Parkinson’s disease). Location: Ancient olive groves of Torre Guaceto and Voukolies Impact on habitat/species: Direct damages on flora and fauna, particularly on Chiroptera and beneficial insects and underground water pollution. Harmful residues in agri-food products. How these problems and threats will be dealt with during the project: The economic sustainability of ancient olive groves will be enhanced by identifying technical and agronomic practices which neither affect biodiversity nor the agricultural production. To this end the following steps will be taken: - the identification of low-impact agricultural practices - the sharing of Guidelines with local farmers - the implementation of Guidelines for the management of ancient olive groves through the field application of control and fertilization methods along with the global management of the agroecosystem. Threat 3a: Name of the threat: Abandonment related to the low profitability and the depopulation of rural areas related to the low profitability of their cultivation and to depopulation of rural areas Description: The CAP reform of 2003, by decoupling direct subsidies to growers and introducing the “single payment scheme”, has provided a policy to support the farmers’ income. Such an action will probably lead to lower consideration and care of ancient olive groves which run the risk of being abandoned with predictable environmental impacts. Location: Ancient olive groves of Torre Guaceto and Voukolies Impact on habitat/species: Alterations of the plant shape due to excessive canopy reduction, the insertion of secondary branches, the severe pruning (to obtain as much wood as possible which will be sold in order to compensate the pruning costs and the harvesting operations) with the ensuing loss of the ancient plant ability to produce suckers that provide the shelter for many overwintering species. How these problems and threats will be dealt with during the project: To combat these threats the following steps will be taken: - the preparation of an integrated plan for the enhancement of areas with ancient olive groves - the implementation of an integrated economic valorization plan in the ancient olive groves of Riserva di Torre Guaceto Threat 4a: Name of the threat: Lack of protection policies Description:

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Most HNVFs are not included in protected areas4, and this raises the point about the possibility of maintaining these areas which should not only be considered in terms of conservation, but also in terms of development (HNVFs are often located in areas not suitable for intensification). The maintenance of major species in the flora and vegetation of these agricultural areas entails the enforcement of the existing legislation and the application of new rules also through concerted actions with national and regional institutions, experts and operators. The Puglia Region Law No 14, of 4 June 2007 “Protection and enhancement of the heritage olive landscape in Apulia” is aimed at protecting and enhancing heritage olive trees, although isolated, in view of their functional role in production, ecological and hydrogeological protection and their peculiarity in the regional history, culture and landscape. At present, the regional law is the only one of the kind at the European level. Location: Ancient olive groves of Torre Guaceto and Voukolies Impact on habitat/species: Lack of rules on the management of the area, generating anthropic actions (farming and urbanization), which have a strong environmental impact, and the removal of heritage trees How these problems and threats will be dealt with during the project: The project shall include the preparation of an action plan on protection of ancient olive groves in the Mediterranean region based on concerted actions with policy makers (representatives from the relevant ministries of the EU and Non-EU countries concerned) Threat 5a: Name of the threat: Management of HNVFs Description: These areas are highly dependent on farming activities whereas the environment does not occupy centre stage. As a result, it is necessary to develop an innovative governance model, different from the existing ones, to find out appropriate solutions to protect the biodiversity support function of ancient olive groves and at the same time, the farmers’ economic and productive interests, by promoting their active participation and involvement in biodiversity protection. Location: Ancient olive groves of Torre Guaceto and Voukolies Impact on habitat/species: Rural abandonment or intensive farming activities with strong repercussions on the habitat and the species. How these problems and threats will be dealt with during the project: To face these issues the following steps will be taken: - the elaboration of an environmental governance model for areas with ancient olive groves in cooperation with local farmers; - the implementation of the governance model in the areas with ancient olive groves. Threat 6a: Name of the threat: Removal of ancient plants to be used for ornamental purposes Description: Given the low yield resulting from the management of ancient olive groves, over the last years heritage trees have increasingly been removed and marketed to decorate ornamental gardens thus severely impairing the Apulian landscape in terms of historical value, vegetation and production. The risk is that ancient olives may be regarded as merely decorative elements thereby compromising the agricultural, productive and environmental setting in Apulia and Greece. Location: Ancient olive groves of Torre Guaceto and Voukolies Impact on habitat/species: The impacts can be summed up as follows:

4 M. L. PARACCHINI - Joint Research Centre of the European Commission - Institute for Environment and Sustainability

29

- the alteration of the landscape and production structures since ancient olives are replaced by younger trees or other species (fruit trees) with serious effects on the landscape and the agroecosystem functionality. - the progressive loss of a valuable genotype deriving from an age-long selection. How these problems and threats will be dealt with during the project: The project will also include the elaboration of an action plan on protection of ancient olive groves in the Mediterranean region based on concerted actions with policy makers (representatives from the relevant ministries of the EU and Non-EU countries concerned) Moreover, an integrated economic, social and environmental valorisation plan will be drawn up for areas with ancient olive groves based on a bottom-up participatory approach involving local stakeholders.

OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

In biodiversity protection, the high nature value farmlands – HNVF play a major role along with natural areas. They account for one third of the european territory (31,5%, ) and host many plant and animal species of great interest for conservation purposes. In the Mediterranean region, they include the ancient olive groves, which are extensive crops (about 50 plants/hectare) and constitute the elements of a mosaic of semi-natural and cultivated areas, spaced out by typical small-scale structural elements, such as Mediterranean shrublands edges, dry walls, strips of woodland, high sensitive areas exposed to several threats that risk to compromise the biodiversity. The general objective of project consists in the designation of ancient olive groves as High Nature Value Farmlands (HNVF) and in the actions aimed to halt the loss of biodiversity. The specific purposes have been identified through an analysis of the threats and problems of ancient olive groves, so there is a direct correlation between the threats and the specific purposes, using the logical framework methodology. The first specific purpose consists in the identification and assessment of the biodiversity in ancient olive groves, correlating the description of the area in terms of flora and fauna with the presence of small-scale structural elements and, in general, with the territorial background. This is directed to ascertain the status of HNVF of ancient olive groves, and to measure their extent. The final monitoring of vertebrate populations is also foreseen to check the effects of different actions of the project on the conservation and enhancement of biodiversity. The second objective is directly correlated to the first because it joins the actions that will result in biodiversity enhancement in the target ancient olive groves. This enhancement will involve the formulation and implementation of guidelines for the management of the ancient olive grove agro-ecosystem in support to biodiversity, and concrete actions such as the planting of Mediterranean shrublands edges and of carob specimens, the propagation of typical species of Mediterranean grasslands, the conservation of the genetic material and its propagation. The species on which the two first objectives are focused include the following: - bird species that use the trunk for nesting: Certhia brachydactyla, Turdus viscivorus, Lanius senator, Parus major, Parus caeruleus, Sylvia melanocephala, Carduelis carduelis, Carduelis chloris, Serinus serinus, Emberiza cirlus, Asio otus, Upupa epops, Athene noctua, Otus scops (dati estrapolati dal progetto Mito 2000). - over-wintering species: Sylvia melanocephala, Sylvia atricapilla, Turdus philomelus, Erithacus rubecola, (Alcantara e Rey, 2003), Jinx torquilla (Farinello et al, 1994), Sturnus vulgaris, Columba palumbus, Streptopelia turtur. - mammals species: Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Barbastella barbastellus, Eptesicus serotinus, Hypsugo savii, Myotis daubentonii, Myotis emarginatus, Myotis myotis, Nyctalus leisleri, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Pipistrellus pygmaeus, Plecotus auritus, Plecotus austriacus, - specie di rettili: Podarcis sicula , Elaphe quatuorlineata, Elaphe situla, Coluber viridiflavus, in addition to Cyrtopodion Kotschyi, a species especially related to the rural areas, which is included in the lists of protected species of the network Natura 2000 and which will be involved in specific activities of investigation and estimate of populations.

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The preservation of these areas under high environmental threats, could be obtained also by the draw up of economical enhancement systems that could improve the farmers income, through multifunctional activities. The peculiarity of these areas is their “dependence” from the farmers activity. Thus, it is not conjecturable a preservation and management approach without a strong participatory involvement. Therefore, considering that the governance models for the protected areas are difficulty transferable and adaptable, the project means to elaborate an innovative model that foreseen tools and decisional methods, that could facilitate the stakeholders active participation. The third object aims to elaborate an innovative governance model for the HNV areas landscape of the ancient olive tree. The fourth objective is intended to define common policies for the protection and enhancement of ancient olive groves in Mediterranean areas. Lastly, an action plan will also be worked out for the protection of ancient olive groves through a concerted action with the policy-makers interested to solve this problem with a view to define common policies on the Mediterranean region scale. The fifth and last objective is aimed to extend the knowledge on the nature value of ancient olive groves acquired within the project, to focus groups and single farmers interested to the theme, by means of publications, seminars, the Internet site and the possibility to participate in the training site, which will act as a forum of discussion among all the stakeholders concerned.

Threats Objectives Actions Expected results

A1 Preliminary study on the characterization of biodiversity of ancient olive groves in Apulia

A2 Preliminary study on the characterization of biodiversity of ancient olive groves of Voukolies- Chania

A3 Morpho-genetic and environmental characterization of olive groves in Apulia

A4 Morpho-genetic and environmental characterization of olive groves of Voukolies- Chania

E1 An increase in nesting and population of the investigated vertebrate species of Torre Guaceto

E2 An increase in nesting and population of the investigated vertebrate species of Voukolies- Chania


1


C1

Increase in floristic biodiversity (0.2 ha of Mediterranean shrub), in the biodiversity of micro-habitats of dry stone walls (240 m3), tree shelter sites (20 Carob trees). Subsequent increase in bird species and Cyrtopodion kotschyi (Torre Guaceto)

C2

Increase in floristic biodiversity (0.2 ha of Mediterranean shrub), in the biodiversity of micro-habitats of dry stone walls (240 m3), tree shelter sites (20 Carob trees). Subsequent increase in bird species and Cyrtopodion kotschyi ( Voukolies- Chania)

Loss of biodiversity due to limited knowledge of the nature value of ancient olive groves.

2

C3 The enhancement of biodiversity by establishing a community of Mediterranean grassland (10,000 m2), improvement of soil quality, increase the reproduction of Turdus viscivorous of Torre Guaceto.

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C4 The enhancement of biodiversity by establishing a community of Mediterranean grassland (10,000 m2), improvement of soil quality, increase of the reproduction of Turdus viscivorous of Voukolies

C5 Bank of germplasm of 6000 m2 and about 300 plants.

C6 Nursery for the production of 1500-2000 plants

A5 Guidelines for the increase/conservation of biodiversity (Torre Guaceto)

A6 Guidelines for the increase/conservation of biodiversity Voukolies- Chania

C7

Guidelines Implementation. Reduction of the presence of harmful residues on soil, water and oil; increase in Cyrtopodion kotschyi and of overwintering populations of Sylvia Melanocephala and Turdus philomelus.(Torre Guaceto)

Intensive agricultural activities

C8

Guidelines Implementation. Reduction of the presence of harmful residues on soil, water and oil; increase in Cyrtopodion kotschyi and of overwintering populations of Sylvia Melanocephala and Turdus philomelus. Voukolies- Chania

A7 Economic enhancement plan of the ancient olive grove areas of Torre Guaceto

State of neglect and uprooting of ancient olive trees for ornamental purposes related to the scarce cost-effectiveness of their growing and to rural area depopulation

2

C9 Implementation of a Service Centre equipped with a laboratory of about 40 m2; exhibition space of 30 m2; service space of 20 m2; path markers over 3 km (no. 5 descriptive tables; no. 5 panels).

A8 Elaboration of an innovatory governance model at Torre Guaceto

A9 Elaboration of an innovatory governance model at Voukolies

C10 Implementation of the governance model, management secretariat and Internet site at Torre Guaceto

HNV management

3

C11 Implementation of the governance model, management secretariat and Internet site at Voukolies

A10 Euro-Mediterranean action plan for the protection of ancient olive groves Lack of

protection policies

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E7 After-LIFE conservation plan

D 1 1 brochure, n° 2 progress reports; n°3 technical-sc ientific publications ; info point, final report

D3 Design, implementation, maintenance and update of the web site. Annual report of the state of the web site

D4 Interactive workshops: N°4 Meetings with stakeholde rs and reports of each single meeting

D5 Didactic workforce: 8 lectures of 4 hours each for 10 participants

D6 Layman’s report

Poor information and awareness raising of operators

5

D7 notice boards

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PREVIOUS CONSERVATION EFFORTS IN THE PROJECT AREA AND/OR FOR THE HABITATS / SPECIES TARGETED BY THE P ROJECT

The target project area of olive groves falls within the State Nature Reserve of Torre Guaceto. Therefore it benefits from direct actions executed by the Managing Board of the Reserve and funded by the Ministry of the Environment. You find below the protection and conservation projects carried out annually: - Forest maintenance and fire prevention; - Reclamation of sea beds and sandy shores of the Reserve; - Monitoring and control of the Reserve; - Awareness campaigns for the tourists who visit the area; - Carrying out of teaching projects in all schools of Apulia Region; This area is beneficiary of the following projects: - Interreg –CADSES III B “Wetlands II“ Within this project the managing board is a sub-contractor of Apulia Region for the drawing up of a social-economic plan of the Reserve farmland and the implementation of a pilot project of sustainable agriculture. - Interreg –CADSES III B “TWreference NET“ The managing board is partner of the project aimed to define some specifications for the development of sustainable agriculture in the Reserve having as spin–off the establishment of a Consortium for the enhancement and marketing of agricultural products with the label of the Reserve. -Iinterreg -IIIA GREECE-ITALY 2000-2006, BIOUMICA Settino up and development of a chain for the organic matter recovery through composting » PARTNERs: Comune di Carovigno (Leader Partner),Riserva di Torre Guaceto Istituto Agronomico Mediterraneo – (C.I.H.E.A.M. – I.A.M.B.),Trihonida s.a.,Universita di Ioannina- - Facolta’ dell'Amministrazione delle Risorse Naturali e Ambientali. - Life Nature – Actions of protection of priority coastal habitat of Torre Guaceto (HABI.COAST LIFE05NAT/IT/000050) 2003-2010 In the Greek area there are no actions to recommend.

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007- B3

EU ADDED VALUE OF THE PROJECT AND ITS ACTIONS

The added value of the project consists in the maintenance and protection of areas particularly relevant from an environmental but also a landscape and historical/cultural point of view, which are severely endangered due to the poor economic sustainability of the farms and the uprooting of monumental specimens for ornamental uses. The value of the project goes beyond the specificity of ancient olive groves, as it is intended to contribute to the current studies on the identification, conservation, enhancement and management of high nature value farmlands. The outcome, in particular the guidelines, the integrated plan of economic enhancement and the model of governance might be reproduced in other European areas. Given the large territorial diffusion of ancient olive groves in the Mediterranean region, the project is definitely featured by a trans-boundary approach and a multi-national partnership (Italy – Greece) partly justified by the idea that the exchange contributes to increase the knowledge on high nature value farmlands and to shape technical and economic enhancement solutions. As to the protection of ancient olive groves areas, a great involvement is wished for so as to prevent that the protection of some areas might encourage threats for other areas. The recent law for the protection of ancient olive groves in Apulia has definitely shifted the marketing channels of ancient plants to non-protected areas such as Albania and Greece. For this reason, within action A10 it is foreseen to involve the representative countries of the main olive groves areas of the EU and TMCs. The project outcome will also be taken as a reference for the identification of solutions aimed to halt social desertification processes (rural exodus) in economically unfavourable farmlands, which is a priority area of the economic policies of the sector

BEST PRACTICE / INNOVATION / DEMONSTRATION CHARACTE R OF THE PROJECT

BEST PRACTICE: non applicable DEMONSTRATION: The implementation of the guidelines for the protection of biodiversIty in ancient olive groves management (C7, C8) of Torre Guaceto (Italy) and Voukolies (Greece) is essential to demonstrate the efficacy of some technical solutions that, if adequately adapted to different geographic conditions, have a high reproducibility. In the demonstration farm agro-ecosystem the operator will share and implement farming practices enabling the flora and fauna species that visit the olive grove not to be disturbed. Moreover the implementation of the integrated plan of economic enhancement of ancient olive areas will show the possibilities to diversify the activities beyond those typically connected with olive groves agricultural production. The activities identified could be reproduced in other areas. INNOVATION: Within actions A3 and A4 an innovative technique is foreseen for the measure of the cavities within olive trunks, with the aim to express the measure of ancient olives’ capacity to sustain biodiversity. The innovative aspect is related both to the applied techniques and the purposes. The presence of microhabitats in the trunk will be assessed and recorded by ad-hoc sheets that will be filled on the basis of direct observation and using a field laser scanner. They will include the size (trunk diameter, number of branches and related size), the shape (alveolate, spiral-like, fragmented, etc), the presence of external micro-cavities, the measurement of any internal cavities (non-invasive measure of the inner size of three cross-sections of the trunk).

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The second part of the project that is innovative is constituted by the definition of the governance model to apply in the area of ancient olive groves. This model is not only guided by the principles of biodiversity protection and landscape ecology but is also the first attempt to define a governance tool by a participatory approach of farmers.

EFFORTS FOR REDUCING THE PROJECT'S "CARBON FOOTPRIN T"

It is not well-known that the olive plant contributes to mitigate the greenhouse effect through the CO2 fixation within its own biomass. There are studies reporting about the rate of CO2 accumulation resulting in an increase of the dry matter measured at the end of the season. In olive trees part of CO2 is stored in perennial organs (trunk, stump, main root); the remaining part is allocated in short-life organs (leaves and fruits). An important role is played by the pruning material that is chopped and applied to the soil thus providing large amounts of organic carbon fixed for a long time with humic substances. The conservation and protection of ancient olive groves landscape contributes to a positive balance between the CO2 that is intercepted and the one released by olive plants. The use of sustainable and environmentally sound management techniques (like those described in the guidelines) may lead to an increased sequestration of the atmospheric CO2 in the ancient olive grove system. The working group of the European Climate Change Programme (ECCP) has attributed to organic carbon a major role for soil functions, such as fertility, stability, structure and water storage capacity. It has correlated carbon interception with other more general aspects of soil protection. Carbon interception may be obtained both by a reduction of soil disturbances (because of the higher loss of carbon as CO2 from ploughed rather than less disturbed soils) and by an increase of the soil applied carbon. The use of sustainable management techniques such as organic farming (starting point for the guidelines) would lead to an increase of the atmospheric CO2 sequestration in the ancient olive grove system, as they induce an increase in the soil organic matter.

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007- B4

EXPECTED CONSTRAINTS AND RISKS RELATED TO THE PROJE CT IMPLEMENTATION

Since the farmers’ participation is foreseen in some actions of the project, we got in touch with them and they were asked to sign form 8, declaring they are willing to support the project and, in particular, to make the area they manage available for the operations necessary for the identification and measurement of biodiversity of the said olive-grove, for the collection of germplasm of high interest olive trees and for measuring the presence of microhabitats in the trunk. They also declare to make their olive-grove available for performing the proposed renaturalization actions, applying sustainable management practices of ancient olive-groves (guidelines) to be identified and they declare to be interested in participating in the scheduled meetings. Therefore, for the time being, based on the undersigned documentation the farm owners’ involvement is not considered as a risk. Moreover, since all the concrete actions are sited within the State Nature Reserve of Torre Guaceto, whose governing board has been previously consulted for the support to the project, no risks are detected for obtaining the required authorizations for the implementation of the said actions in situ. Some exceptional weather events, like prolonged drought, short-intense rainstorm with subsequent flooding and alterations to the ecosystem equilibriums, as well as late winter frost until March that could hamper/cause a reduction of the chances for success of in situ works, were identified among the possible risks and/or constraints. Fire of olive trees is a further possible risk. The Guidelines for the management of ancient olive-groves for the preservation of biodiversity will take into account all the required precautions needed to minimize such a risk.

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007 – B5

CONTINUATION / VALORISATION OF THE PROJECT RESULTS AFTER THE END OF THE PROJECT

• Which actions will have to be carried out or continued after the end of the project? The actions to be carried out or continued after the end of the project are: A7 – Definition of an integrated plan of economic, social and environmental enhancement of the areas occupied by ancient olive groves C5 – Conservation of the genetic material through the setting up of a Mediterranean bank of germplasm in Torre Guaceto C6 – Propagation of the valuable genetic material of ancient olive groves by nursery techniques in Torre Guaceto C7 -Implementation of the guidelines for the management of ancient olive groves in Torre Guaceto C8 - Implementation of the guidelines for the management of ancient olive groves in Voukolies – Chania (Greece) C9 - Implementation of the integrated plan of economic enhancement in the target area of Torre Guaceto C10 - Implementation of the governance model in the area of ancient olive groves of Torre Guaceto C11 - Implementation of the governance model in the area of ancient olive groves of Voukolies A10 – Formulation an action action plan for the protection olive groves in the Mediterranean region • How will this be achieved, what resources will be necessary to carry out these actions? The aim to define an integrated plan for environmental, social and economic enhancement is finalized to the synergies achievement that will increase the farmer income. These actions will be continued by the new Managing Consortium of ancient olive groves, whose economic sustainability will be ensured by the agricultural activities and the related activities. • Potential for using other EU funds after the end of the project RDP- AGRO-ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES The monitoring foreseen in the actions E of the project could be reiterated thanks to the funding opportunities supplied by the Rural Development Plan of Apulia Region which, within the measure supporting non-productive investments, involves the possibility to fund actions for environmental monitoring in rural areas. • Protection status under national/local law of sites/species/habitats targeted (if relevant). Today in Apulia there is the Regional Law 4 June 2007, n° 14 “Protection and enhancement of ancient olive landscape in Apulia”, which constitutes the unique example of protection of ancient olive groves in Italy. Through this law the Apulian Regional Government protects and enhances monumental even isolated olive trees for their function of protection, ecological and hydrogeologic defence and as peculiar elements characterizing the regional history, culture and landscape. Inspired by the Apulia regional law, our project involves the definition of an action plan shared by the EU and TMCs countries (action A10) to work out a bill aimed to favour the protection of these areas. Our ambition is to transfer the model of the Apulia regional law to other national and international areas. • How, where and by whom will the equipment acquired be used after the end of the project? The main pieces of equipment that will be bought within the project include: -measuring tapes, -laser telemeter hypsometer, -tapering rods and stakes,

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-binoculars, - telescope, - bat detector, - angular calliper for dendrometric measurements, - dendrometer band for the measure of diameter/size, - laser meter for the trunk cavity, - equipment for seed harvest and tillage, - vegetable soil and compost, - small equipment (wheelbarrows, stakes, pickaxes, gloves, safety material). Since MAIB is involved in research, equipment could in future be used for similar projects. To what extent will the results and lessons of the project be actively disseminated after the end of the project to those persons and/or organisations that could best make use of them (please identify these persons/organisations)? The spreading of information within the dissemination activities that are run by the institutional partners involved in the project will be ensured by Regione Puglia at the local level, by the Ministry of the Environment and Land and Sea Protection at the national and European level, by MAIB and MAICh. at the level of the Mediterranean region Moreover, the maintenance of the Internet site enables an even larger spreading offering to all those who are interested to access the information material. Any other issues

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LIFE + Nature and Biodiversity TECHNICAL APPLICATION FORMS

Part C – detailed technical description of the proposed actions

Important note:

� All calculations and detailed cost breakdowns neces sary to justify the cost of each action should be included in the financial for ms F. In order to avoid repeating the financial information (with the risk of introducing incoherencies), Part C should only contain financia l information not contained in the financial forms (e.g. details expl aining the cost per hectare).

� All forms in this section may be multiplied, so as to include all essential information.

� Each action described should have a clear indicatio n of its physical target (e.g., action 1 will take place in area "X" and/or will target species "Y"). Whenever this is relevant, the location of these ac tions should also be identified on one or several maps which must be pro vided in annex (preferably one map per site). Where feasible, a ma p of each site should be provided that indicates the location of all the act ions taking place on that site.

� Any action that is sub-contracted should be just as clearly described as an action that will be directly carried out by the ben eficiaries.

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007- C1a

DETAILS OF PROPOSED ACTIONS A. Preparatory actions, elaboration of management p lans and/or of action plans ACTION A1 Identification and measurement of biodiversity of target ancient olives in Apulia

Description (what, how, where and when): The action is structured in two steps :

i. identify and measure small-scale structures (dry stone walls an other stoneworks, water pools ), record wild plants and carry out a floristic analysis in the target ancient olive groves;

ii. identify and measure the vertebrate population stocks and the role of the olive grove in the life cycle of each species.

The first step will consist in defining the survey method and selecting the elements which shall be assessed by drawing up special data sheets for field survey. To collect data on the presence and stocks of Chiroptera, Reptile and Bird populations some technical data sheets will be used, already prepared for the compilation of regional and national check-lists. The second step will consist in collecting field data in different steps of the year and, particularly, in spring and autumn-winter for two subsequent years. The survey will be conducted by surveyors, who have received training in data sheet compilation and data base implementation. Moreover, they will be supported by botanists and experts in the various zoological groups. Measurements will be made by using routine field instruments (measuring tapes, laser telemeter hypsometer, telescopic poles and posts). As regards the fauna, apart from direct observation, other methods will be applied i.e. the listening of bird song, the identification of Chiroptera using a bat detector and catching traps. Special attention will be given to nesting Certhia brachydactyla and Turdus viscivorus, to overwintering Sylvia melanocephala and Turdus philomelus, to Cytopodion kotscyi which, among the reptiles, is the most related one to the olive grove environment. The Chiroptera survey will be carried out separately because it is necessary to collect data on the presence of the various species to identify the possible indicators of the olive grove quality. The above species will also be used for the project final monitoring. The action will concern all target olive groves in Apulia (Parco Nazionale del Gargano, Riserva Naturale dello Stato di Torre Guaceto, Riserva Naturale le Cesine, Parco Regionale delle Dune Costire Torre Canne – Torre S.Leonardo) This action will be carried out stating from the first year (II and III step) and a check in the second year Reasons why this action is necessary The survey to identify and measure the elements which make up olive grove biodiversity is a prerequisite to draw up the guidelines as described in actions A5 and C7 and C1, C3, C5, C6. Beneficiary responsible for implementation: Istituto Agronomico Mediterraneo di Bari (CIHEAM-IAMB) Expected results (quantitative information when possible): Preliminary study on the characterization of biodiversity of ancient olive groves in Apulia This action will allow to assess more precisely the role of ancient olive groves in the biodiversity preservation and to acquire data on the species of vertebrate fauna and of flora under study.

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ACTION A2 Identification and measurement of biodiversity of target ancient olive

groves in Voukolies - Chania (Grecia)

Description (what, how, where and when): The action will be developed following the methods described in A1 and will cover the target area of ancient olive groves of Voukolies – Chania in Greece.

This action will be carried out stating from the first year (II and III step) and a check in the second year Reasons why this action is necessary:

It is indispensable to survey and measure the elements which contribute to support biodiversity with a view to drawing up the guidelines referred to in actions A6 and C8 and carrying out re-naturalization (C2 and C4)

Beneficiary responsible for implementation: Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania

Expected results (quantitative information when possible): Preliminary study on the characterization of biodiversity of ancient olive groves of Voukolies – Chania .

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ACTION A3: Morphogenetic and environmental characterisati on of the ancient olives groves selected as target areas in Apulia.

Description (what, how, where and when): This action, closely related with the previous one, is innovative for the techniques applied and the goals set. Indeed, it is aimed at providing a classification to demonstrate how much ancient olives contribute to supporting biodiversity. To this end, the following information on the target olive groves will be gathered: i. the land description with special reference to relations with environmental detractors (distance from big infrastructures, extraction areas, urban agglomerates, high-tension electric lines) and with land fragments characterized by high nature value (distance and continuity with other ancient olive groves, Nature2000 network habitats, areas with wild flora etc.); ii. collection of germplasm from an appropriate number of ancient plants; this operation is necessary considering the high genotypic and phenotypic variation of this species due to the genome complexity, the predominant allogamy and the genotype sensitivity to environmental diversification; iii. for about 500 plants (including the plants whose germplasm will be collected) the presence of microhabitats in the trunk will be measured; such a measurement will include the size description (trunk diameter, number of branches and their relative size), the shape (alveolar, spiral, fragmented, etc.), the presence of external microcavities, the measurement of inner cavities (non invasive measurement of the inner size of three trunk cross sections). The action is organised in two steps: in the first step the survey methodologies will be delivered; in the second step field measurements will be made. For field surveys the following measurement instruments will be used: laser telemeter hypsometer, telescopic poles and posts, dendrometric tripod, flexometer, field laser scanner). The surveyors will receive training to compile the technical data sheets. The action will cover all target olive groves in Apulia (Parco Nazionale del Gargano, Riserva Naturale dello Stato di Torre Guaceto, Riserva Naturale le Cesine, Parco regionale delle dune costiere Torre Canne – Torre S. Leonardo). The operation will be carried out starting from the first year (I and II steps). Reasons why the action is necessary The aim of the above characterization is to compare the trunks of ancient olives with those of younger olives and assess their ability to support biodiversity. Beneficiary responsible for implementation: Istituto Agronomico Mediterraneo di Bari (CIHEAM-IAMB)

Expected results (quantitative information when possible) Morphogenetic and environmental characterisation. One of the results expected is the assessment of trunk shape traits which have a positive impact on biodiversity conservation. Moreover, the landscape characterization should allow, through the interpolation with data of Action1, to determine the factors which can have a positive or a negative effect on the ability of ancient olive groves to preserve biodiversity. Overall, the data generated in this phase, will provide useful indications for the preparation and implementation of Guidelines on sustainable management of ancient olive groves and for more effective and targeted dissemination actions.

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ACTION A4: Morpho-genetic and environmental characterisation o f ancient olive groves in the target areas of Voukolies - Chania

Description (what, how, where and when): The action will be implemented by following the same description methods reported in Action A3 and will cover the target area of ancient olive groves of Voukolies – Chania in Greece. As for the genetic characterization some tests will be run using molecular markers. A great effort was made in the past for cultivar fingerprinting using molecular markers such as RAPDs, AFLPs, SSRs and recently SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) which is still carried on. The dominant marker systems are RAPDs and AFLPs with the latter being the most efficient while SSRs and SNPs have been widely used in the recent years due to some advantages. Nikoloudakis et al. (2003) and Owen et al., (2005) observed a high degree of genetic diversity among the major Greek olive cultivars studied using RAPD and AFLP markers, respectively. In addition, SSR markers (Bandelj et al. 2002; Bandelj et al. 2004; Carriero et al. 2002; Cipriani et al. 2002), SCAR markers (Bautista et al. 2003) and ISSR markers (Terzopoulos et al. 2005) were also extensively used to genotype a large number of varieties and assess genetic distance. Recently, Reale et al. (2006) reported the use of SNPs in combination with CAPS (cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence) and SCARS (sequence characterized amplified regions) in order to genotype 65 olive cultivars from Europe and Australia. The above molecular markers study, along with the extended research experience of MAICh on genetic diversity assessment of Greek and Southeast Mediterranean olive germplasm, shall provide the basis to carry out the genetic characterization of olive germplasm of ancient olive trees in the target area in Greece. The action shall be based on the sub-actions mentioned below: 1. Preparation of a preliminary list of morphologically discriminated ancient olive cultivars, with a

documented evidence of environmental characterization (i.e. resistance/tolerance in several biotic or abiotic conditions)

2. Development of a molecular markers database for the collected ancient olive germplasms. Initially, our database of olive SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) and AFLP markers will be enriched with molecular markers present in the relevant literature. 3. Development and validation of molecular markers genotyping protocols in order to be

employed for the molecular screening of the olive cultivars. The choice of the molecular markers shall be based on the previously discovered database. The number and type of markers employed shall be the least possible one in order to attain the most robust discrimination effect among olive germplasms. Also, PCR-RFLP profiles, based on discovered SNPs shall be used when applicable. This approach shall be developed by screening the sequencing traces with dedicated restriction digest software tools.

The operation will be carried out starting from the first year (I II and III steps) Reasons why this action is necessary:

The objective of the characterisation proposed is assessing the different ability of ancient olive trunks to support biodiversity compared to younger trees. Beneficiary responsible for implementation: Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania Expected results (quantitative information when possible): Morpho-genetic and environmental characterisation. Among the expected results is the assessment of the trunk shape traits which have a positive effect on the conservation of biodiversity and the morpho-genetic characterisation. Through the interpolation with data of Action A2, it will be possible to indicate which factors have a positive or negative effect on the ability of ancient olive groves to protect biodiversity. Furthermore, the data collected in this first step will provide useful indications for a more effective elaboration and implementation of the Guidelines.

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ACTION A5 : Elaboration of Guidelines for biodiversity protect ion by sharing the target area of Torre Guaceto (Apulia) with farmers;

Description (what, how, where and when): The action proposed is aimed at drawing up the Guidelines for a sustainable management of ancient olive groves which provide support to biodiversity. The setting will be an agroecosystem and a farm where the farmer will share and apply agricultural practices so as to prevent any disturbing actions on the olive-related fauna. Therefore, a dialogue should be started with farmers by defining the approaches, methods and behaviour which enable the local players to share, analyse and improve the knowledge of their living condition and to develop, implement and monitor farming techniques for the management of olive groves to increase biodiversity. The participatory methods will be applied by a multi-disciplinary workgroup bringing together the community members. The following techniques will be adopted: presentation by local experts of case studies showing local problems or how they have been solved in specific conditions (transect walks);various types of direct observations; individual semi-structured interviews; collective interviews to local groups (focus groups);analysis of secondary data sources (maps, archives etc);analysis of the different opinions and behaviour of the various groups. All local stakeholders should be involved in the dialogue. Based on the suggestions provided and on a critical review of the relevant literature, the most appropriate agronomic techniques will de defined for biodiversity conservation or increase in the ancient olive groves. The stepping stone will be organic agriculture with reference to Regulation EEC No 2092/91 and to the most recent 834/07, also taking into account the local experience and the large number of organic farmers. Emphasis should be laid on the term “stepping stone” because, although the above regulation has great regard for sustainable agriculture, it shows yet some limitations for the environment and biodiversity protection. Some inputs admitted by the regulation e.g. copper or rotenone have a polluting and negative effect on soil-born micro-organisms, underground water and the produce. The following issues shall be debated:

1. definition of the optimum plant size not to alter the presence of ecological niches inside the trunk or the branches and to help at the same implementing cultural practices;

2. soil tillage which should not affect the flora supporting biodiversity and should reduce water erosion by identifying new soil management techniques.

3. Fertilisation: soil management to maintain the chemical, physical and microbiological soil fertility by means of cover crops, organic matter of plant or animal origin, soil conditioners.

4. Insect control (pest management): creating in the agroecosystem the conditions to limit at most the presence and development of pests also by releasing beneficial insects, if appropriate.

5. Evaluation and retrieval of dry farming practices by keeping the traditional olive grove density – 50-60 plants/ha – to limit evapotranspiration losses from the canopy and capitalise on the soli limited water resources during the water stress step (April-September).

6. Harvesting: application of methods compatible with biodiversity conservation. The operation will be carried out starting from the first year (II and IV steps), and linked to the C7 action - Guideline

Reasons why this action is necessary: Reducing the impact of agricultural techniques on biodiversity and soil, water and air pollution;

Beneficiary responsible for implementation: Istituto Agronomico Mediterraneo di Bari (CIHEAM-IAMB)

Expected results (quantitative information when possible): The Guidelines elaboration will allow to design management models to preserve or increase biodiversity of ancient olive groves. The workgroup with farmers: No 10 members, No 3 meetings

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ACTION A6 : Development of Guidelines for biodiversity protection by sharin g the

target area of Voukolies – Chania. Description (what, how, where and when):

The action will be implemented by following the same description methods reported in Action A5 and will cover the target area of ancient olive groves of Voukolies – Chania in Greece. The Greek partner will benefit from the work done by the Italian partner about the definition of approaches and methods for developing the action A5 and the general lines of the Guidelines foreseen. The operation will be carried out starting from the first year (III and IV step) , and linked to the C8 action – Guideline.

Reasons why this action is necessary: : Reducing the impact of agricultural techniques on biodiversity and soli, water and air pollution;

Beneficiary responsible for implementation: Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania.

Expected results (quantitative information when possible): The Guidelines elaboration will allow to design management models to preserve or increase biodiversity of ancient olive groves. The workgroup with farmers: No 10 members, No 3 meetings

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ACTION A7: Elaboration of an integrated economic, social and environmental

enhancement plan of the ancient olive grove areas o f torre Guaceto Description (what, how, where and when):

The plan will allow to identify the best strategies to diversify as much as possible all activities, besides agricultural practices, in order to guarantee the ancient olive grove economic sustainability. The plan and its actions shall be shared with local stakeholders, farmers, technical experts and authorities in the framework of the workgroup already set up to elaborate the Guidelines for a sustainable management of ancient olive groves. More specifically, the following activities shall be carried out:

1. the design of a SERVICES CENTRE (Centro OLI.stico) which shall deal with activities aimed at obtaining by-products from ancient olive groves and providing services to improve knowledge and protect more the areas. The olive by-products, which are intended to complement the main olive oil production are the following: soap and essential oils obtained by the handling and processing of plant parts (leaves, flowers, olives, cutting wood residues). As for the services, they range from the knowledge of the different production, natural, historical and cultural characteristics features of the tree to the enhancement of its products for cooking or health and fitness.

2. the establishment of special trails for experts, curious people and schools, related to nature walks and aimed at knowing the ancient olive groves and the biodiversity of these agroecosystems, also by identifying trekking paths connecting the ancient olive groves and the surrounding natural areas by means of signposts and placards.

This action will be carried out in the second year (I and II step), it is linked to the implementation of action (C9) and necessitates information resulting from preparatory actions (A1, A3, A5)

Reasons why this action is necessary: guaranteeing the farmers’ economic sustainability in the area

Beneficiary responsible for implementation: Regione Puglia.

Expected results (quantitative information when possible): the economic enhancement plan for the area with ancient olive groves of Torre Guaceto

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ACTION A8: Elaboration of an environmental governance model o f ancient olive areas by concerted efforts with the local actors in the targ et area of Torre Guaceto (Apulia);

Description (what, how, where and when): The aim is to design a suitable governance model for exclusively agricultural areas where it is

difficult to combine farmers’ interests and the general interest related to environmental values. On these grounds, it is difficult to transfer governance experiences currently applied to protected areas.

The environmental governance of areas with ancient olive groves entails: - the ability of rural communities or of some actors in the community to trigger process which

may generate new identity features and a feeling of belonging, relying upon “local assets” –environmental and landscape resources, material and immaterial resources related to knowledge and culture;

- the ability to develop highly participatory tools. The governance model should encompass:

• the ability to mobilise limited and scattered resources in the hand of a number of actors (for instance, the landscape and/or environmental resources management);

• the opportunity to lever public resources of a community which do not always belong specifically to some people (for instance, knowledge related to local culture);

• the need for re-creating a common vision and cohesion in areas dramatically affected by abandonment and ageing;

• the re-generation of a common vision on local opportunities; • the reinforcement of a social block including knowledge-holders, even when they can hardly

represent their specific interests; • the setting up of communication structures and strategies to represent widespread local

interests; • the development of relational resources based on trust and reciprocity (Osti, 2000, 2003) which

can interact with market values and the tendency to appropriation in order to protect the community interest;

• the development of decision-making, representation and collaboration skills to face the outside world in urban and rural contexts and at a supra-local level.

The action will comprise the following steps: - the analysis of local actors’ needs - the assessment of the current forms of participation and sharing of decisions - the identification of the methods used to favour the dissemination of information - the analysis of governance models implemented in protected areas and in similar

conditions (e.g. production districts) - the elaboration of a governance project, the delivery of the methodology and tools for an

active participation of local actors. This action will be carried out in the second year (I, II and III step), it is linked to the implementation of action (C10) and necessitates information resulting from all preparatory actions

Reasons why this action is necessary: The aim is to favour the active participation of farmers in the management of the areas as a pre-requiste for biodiversity conservation

Beneficiary responsible for implementation: Regione Puglia – Ecology Department

Expected (quantitative information needed): The elaboration of an innovative governance model.

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ACTION A9: Elaboration of an environmental governance model o f ancient olive

areas by concerted efforts with the local actors in the target area of Voukolies - Chania

Description (what, how, where and when): The action will be implemented by following the same description methods reported in Action A8 and will cover the target area of ancient olive groves of Voukolies – Chania in Greece. This action will be carried out in the second year (I,II and III step), it is linked to the implementation of action (C11) and necessitates information resulting from all preparatory actions Reasons why this action is necessary: The aim is to favour the active participation of farmers in the management of the areas as a pre-requisite for biodiversity conservation


Expected results (quantitative information needed): The elaboration of an innovative governance model.

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ACTION A10: Formulation of an action plan for the protection o f ancient olive groves

in the Mediterranean region through a concerted act ion with policy makers; Description (what, how, where and when):

The aim is to define an action plan to be shared at international level to awaken, inform and set the priority actions for the protection of ancient olive trees. The need for a wide sharing is dictated by the need to protect the environmental, historical and cultural heritage which belongs to the collectivity regardless of geographic boundaries and the awareness that the protection limited to some areas might determine a shift of threat towards other geographic realities, suffice is to think of the trade of monumental specimens. The stages for the working out of the action plan will consist of:

- information and data concerning the scenario of ancient olive trees in the Euro-Mediterranean region;

- issues related to their protection and enhancement; - Policies protecting ancient olive trees or high nature value agricultural habitats that apply to

other geographic areas. The reference case study is the Regional Law of June 4th 2007, n. 14 “Protection and enhancement of the Apulian landscape of monumental olive trees ”.

Based on these preliminary evaluations and considering the outcomes obtained during the project implementation, the main actions characterizing the “plan” will be defined:

1) Indications of rules intended to protect the high nature value of ancient olive trees. 2) Indications about agricultural production rules that shall comply with the protection of

biodiversity. 3) Economic sustainability of the areas grown with ancient olive trees out of respect for

their protection and high nature value. 4) Identification of forms of financial support in favor of the managers of ancient olive

trees. 5) Identification of models of governance that are likely to be applied.

A consultation table with the policy makers of the Euro-Mediterranean region will be arranged for the formulation of such proposal. The debate and the dialogue will have to result in a series of actions at European level with the representatives of Italy, Spain, Greece and Portugal; on top of that, it will be proposed to the near Mediterranean Countries represented by Syria and Tunisia (costs to be borne directly by the parties concerned). Therefore, the consultation table will involve 6 members representing the aforementioned countries who, guided by the project staff, identify and approve the contents of the action plan. This action will be carried out in the third year (I e II step)

Reasons why this action is necessary: the need for defining, at Euro-Mediterranean level, some shared actions intended to protect the areas grown with ancient olive trees.

Beneficiary responsible for implementation: Ministero dell’Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare

Expected results (quantitative information when possible): Euro-Mediterranean action plan for the protection of ancient olive groves.

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007- C1b B. Purchase/lease of land and/or compensation payme nts for use rights

For each action or set of actions specify the following: ACTION B.1: name of the action Description (what, how, where and when): Reasons why this action is necessary:

Beneficiary responsible for implementation: Expected results (quantitative information needed): NON APPLICABLE

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007- C1c C. Concrete conservation actions

ACTION C.1: Enhancement of shrub and tree habitats biodiversity in Torre Guaceto Description (what, how, where and when): The action includes:

i. the ex novo establishment of Mediterranean shrub edges along the existing dry stone walls or along newly built rudimentary dry-stone walls;

ii. the establishment of 20 Carob trees (Ceratonia siliqua). The construction of rudimentary dry-stone walls along the borders, next to the farm roads, will provide a shelter to small-sized vertebrates and insects and will protect the Mediterranean shrub from cultural operations and against machines. The stones which will be used, of proper size, will be retrieved through superficial collection operations in the grove and in the neighbouring plots. The stone material will be handled manually to build linear rudimentary structures (0.6 mt wide and 0.40 mt high). The total length will be 1000 ml that is to say 240 m3. The operation will be carried out starting from the first year. As regards the establishment of Mediterranean shrub edges, since planting material of local ecotypes is hardly available in the nurseries, it will be necessary to produce propagating material. The species will be selected focussing on the local ecotypes whose berries can provide food in the autumn-winter time. In the first step (first year), expert workers will manually collect planting material from local ecotypes. Later, this material will be maintained and grown for about 24 months in regional nurseries. Finally (third year), balled plants will be established in 40 cm x 40cm x 40 cm manually dug holes. Furthermore, the plantlets will be protected from weeds by using mulching discs. The edges will be established next to the existing dry stone walls and along the rudimentary dry-stone wall described earlier. Considering the edge preventive length of 1 meter and the edge linear length of 2000 meters, the final goal will be the ex novo establishment of 0.2 hectares of Mediterranean shrub. To plant the Carob, trees of at least 1.5 meter height will be taken from the nurseries. They will be planted in previously dug holes, half close to the dry stone walls and the remaining outdoors. The carob is an evergreen species which does not need pruning. It provides a valuable shelter for sleeping to various bird species, especially in adverse climatic conditions, and is an important source of food. The operation will be conducted starting from the second year. The action will cover the ancient olive groves in the area around Torre Guaceto. This action will be carried out in the first year (III e IV step) and will continue in the next two years Reasons why this action is necessary (specify the species/habitat(s)/biodiversity issue(s) targeted) This action is necessary to enhance biodiversity of ancient olive grove habitats and increase their nature value. Therefore, it will be possible to act directly on vertebrate populations (Cyrtopodion kotschyi, Sylvia melanocephala) and indirectly by increasing the preys . The presence of edges is indispensable to apply biological control methods based on the release of natural enemies. Beneficiary responsible for implementation: The above actions will be implemented by Istituto Agronomico Mediterraneo di Bari (CIHEAM-IAMB)

Expected results (quantitative information when possible) The above actions should enhance directly plant biodiversity (0.2 hectares of Mediterranean shrub), the microhabitats of limestone cavities pits (240 m3 of dry stone walls), tree shelter sites (n°20 carrobs). In particular, the nesting pairs of Certhia brachydactyla, Turdus viscivorus and the overwintering populations of Sylvia melanocephala, Turdus philomelus and Cyrtopodion kotschyi are expected to increase, although it is not possible yet to make a quantitative prediction.

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ACTION C.2: Enhancement of shrub and tree habitats biodiversity in the target area of Voukolies, Greece

Description (what, how, where and when): The action will be developed according to the same modes of description emphasized in action C2. The place where the action is to be implemented is the target area of Voukolies – Chania, which is grown with ancient olive trees. This action will be carried out in the first year (III e IV step) and will continue in the next two years

Reasons why this action is necessary (specify the species / habitat(s) / biodiversity issue(s) targeted):

This action is required to increase the biodiversity of the habitats of ancient olive groves in order to increase the level of their naturalness through actions that guarantee the trophic or shelter complementarity for the fauna of the olive groves. This way, neither direct actions on the vertebrates’ populations (Cyrtopodion Kotschyi, Sylvia melanocephala) nor indirect actions through the increase in the number of preys will be possible. Moreover, the presence of edges is indispensable since it serves as a structure which supports plant protection actions by introducing harmful insects.


Expected results (quantitative information when possible): The above actions should enhance directly plant biodiversity (0.2 hectares of Mediterranean shrub), the microhabitats of limestone cavities pits (240 m3 of dry stone walls), tree shelter sites (n°20 carrobs). In particular, the nesting pairs of Certhia brachydactyla, Turdus viscivorus and the overwintering populations of Sylvia melanocephala, Turdus philomelus and Cyrtopodion kotschyi are expected to increase, although it is not possible yet to make a quantitative prediction.

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ACTION C3: Enhancement of biodiversity of the Mediterranean g rasslands habitat by

using propagating material of local ecotypes (Torre Guaceto).

Description (what, how, where and when): This action is aimed at enhancing the biodiversity of outdoor green-covered areas by using propagating material of species typical of the Mediterranean steppe grasslands. The first step will consist in collecting the local ecotype planting material from the surrounding natural areas (first year). Subsequently, the propagating material i.e. seeds, rhizomes and bulbs, planting soil and compost will be produced in the facilities of Consorzio di Gestione di Torre Guaceto. Later, the material will be distributed outdoors in some areas selected among those already covered with grass plants to be more successful. The overall surface area will total 10.000 m2. The action will be carried out by specialised workers and botanists. The action will cover the ancient olive groves in the area around torre Guaceto (Puglia, Italy) This action will be implemented starting from the first year (I -III and IV steps) and will last for the two following years (sowing and development)

Reasons why this action is necessary (specify the species/habitat(s)/biodiversity issue(s) targeted)

The action is necessary to enhance the biodiversity of ancient olive grove habitats and increase their nature value. In particular, the aim is to generate a positive effect on the nestings of Turdus viscivorus. The action also intends to assess whether it is possible to establish plant communities more stable than the ephemeral grass plants which generally colonize the olive groves not ploughed anymore.

Beneficiary responsible for implementation: The above actions will be implemented by the Istituto Agronomico Mediterraneo di Bari (CIHEAM-IAMB) Expected results (quantitative information when possible) The expected results include:

� the enhancement of biodiversity by establishing a community of Mediterranean grasslands over about 10,000 m2;

� the establishment of a more stable grassland community and the improvement of soil quality (soil structure, organic matter content, increase in soil fauna) related to a greater abundance of geophytes and rhizomatous plants;

� the development of articulated food webs and the establishment of an attractive element to increase the reproduction of Turdus viscivorous.

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ACTION C4: Enhancement of biodiversity of the Mediterranean gr asslands habitat by using propagating material of local ecotypes - Vouk oulies - Greece

Description (what, how, where and when):

The action will be developed according to the same modes of description highlighted in action C3. The place where the action is to be implemented is close to the target area of the ancient olive groves in Voukolies – Chania,. This action will be implemented starting from the first year (I -III and IV steps) and will last for the two following years (sowing and development)


The action is required to increase the biodiversity of the habitats of ancient olive groves in order to increase their level of naturalness. In particular, a positive impact on the nesting of Turdus viscivorus is to be hoped for. The action also aims at assessing the possibility of introducing plant communities being more stable than the ephemeral herbaceous vegetation which usually colonizes the olive groves that are no longer ploughed.


Expected results (quantitative information when possible): The expected outcomes envisage:

- The increase in biodiversity with the introduction of one of the communities of the Mediterranean grasslands for a total extension of 10.000 mq;

- The installation of a more stable herbaceous phytocenosis and the improvement of the soil quality (structure, organic matter content, increase in the soil fauna), in relation to a greater presence of geophytes and rhizomatous plants;

- The development of complex food webs and the creation of an element of appeal able to increase the possibilities of reproduction for Turdus viscivorus.

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ACTION C5: Conservation of the genetic resources through the establishment of a Mediterranean bank of germoplasm in Torre Guaceto


The activity will mainly concern the native varieties that are present in ancient olive groves whose characteristics meet more the current needs. For each variety, the selection will affect the different areas of ancient olive groves that are present in Apulia region (National Park of Gargano, Nature Reserve of the State of Torre Guaceto, Nature Reserve le Cesine, regional Park of coastal dunes Torre Canne - Torre S. Leonardo) where different local ecotypes can be differentiated and become established. The most ancient plantation which allow for a better evaluation of the actual field variability will be privileged. The ecotype selection will be carried out concomitantly with the maximum productivity and the peak steps in terms of symptoms and signs of the main viral diseases. Laboratory diagnoses will be performed on all newly selected plants in order to define their health status. In particular, the diagnosis will be performed having recourse to molecular diagnosis techniques through the analyses of double-stranded nucleic acids (dsRNA) and PCR. In particular, this last technique will ascertain the absence of the following olive viruses: ArMV, SLRSV, CLRV, OLV-1, OLYaV. Each of the selected accessions will be introduced in collection fields, in particular 3 vase-shaped plants, according to sound agricultural practices. The selected accessions will also depend on the analyses and measurements carried out in action A1. Particular attention will be given to plant protection against pests and pathogens and, in particular, preventive measures will be implemented to control insects and vector nematodes so as to prevent the transmission and spread of viruses and keep unchanged the original health status of the mother plants selected in the field. All information about the origin, the health status, the pomologic and agronomic characteristics and those on the processing oils of the new accessions introduced in the collection fields will be introduced in computerized files. All the material to be used for biometric measurements (leaves, inflorescences, fruits) will be taken from some plants selected for each cultivar. As to the description of the characters of the tree, the branches, the leaves, the inflorescences, the fruits and the hazel, one will have to refer to the indications suggested by U.P.O.V. This action will be implemented in the second and third years, directly linked with the completion of actions A1 and A3 and with C6


This action is indispensable for the recovery and the safeguard of the Apulian autochthonous germoplasm of ancient olive trees through the evaluation of the real variability existing in the field.


Expected results (quantitative information when possible): The conservation field (bank of germoplasm) equals 6000 mq with about 300 plants (spacing 5x3) and each selected accession will have a description sheet. Collection fields represent, for secondary varieties, a real tool to recover and safeguard some entities which, otherwise, would gradually and slowly disappear and they also allow for both the comparison of ecotypes in the same environment and an additional selection aimed at identifying the best possible clones to be introduced in the future homologation programmes.

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ACTION C6: Propagation of the valuable genetic material of an cient olive groves by nursery techniques in Torre Guaceto


The plants that are more interesting in terms of genetics and health will be duly marked in the field. The woody material needed for cutting will be taken from these plants. An appropriate sheet summarising all information and data considered as necessary will be drawn up for each selected source. The propagation (on to 7 accessions) of the material selected and mostly compliant to the health requirements is supposed to be started. This action is strictly related to the previous one since the choice of the accessions to be propagated will be always based on the results of the measurements and the laboratory tests which are evidence of the suitability of the material health. The propagation on a lager scale will be started at the same time in order to make the nursery material coming from said ecotypes available to farmers. The nursery material will be produced in the nursery with about 1500 to 2000 plants. Plants of different biotopes, both in terms of self-rooted and grafted typology, will be prepared to obtain information also about the aptitude to propagation by means of the two methods. This action will be carried out during the second year (III and IV step) and third year. It will be in direct link with the accomplishment of the action A1 and A3 and with C5


Having plants to carry out re-establishment actions in the areas grown with ancient olive groves. Beneficiary responsible for implementation:

Istituto Agronomico Mediterraneo di Bari (CIHEAM-IAMB) Expected results (quantitative information when possible):

Nursery for the production of about 1500 to 2000 plants

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ACTION C7: Implementation of the guidelines for the management of ancient olive groves in Torre Guaceto


The area where the guidelines referred to A5 will be defined and applied is that grown with ancient olive groves in Torre Guaceto (covering 260 ha). The farmers of the Consortium have declared themselves ready to implement the indications that will be provided by the Guidelines for the management of the ancient olive groves which concern: the optimal sizing of the plant (height and volume), plowing, fertilization, pest control, dry farming practices, harvesting techniques, actions in favor of homoeostatic capacity of the agro-ecosystem (hedges, dry walls, etc.). The technical assistance by an expert agronomist who will support farmers both in the decision-making process (why is an action required?) and in the application in terms of the choice of the best technical solution, methods and timing is envisaged. As a matter of fact, the moment in which the action is performed is not to be underestimated since it might determine different impacts with respect to the fauna that is present in olive groves. The aim is to implement, in the three-year application of the guidelines, some actions that may minimize the impact on biodiversity. This action will be carried out during the second year and third year. It will be in direct link with the accomplishment of the action A5


This action is required to prove the validity of the field cropping techniques defined by the Guidelines and to have a concrete effect on the impact reduction on the biodiversity of ancient olive groves.


Expected results (quantitative information when possible): Reduction of the polluting effect (presence of residues) on the soil, the groundwater and the product (oil) by means of periodical chemical and physical analyses (at the beginning and the end of each agricultural season). Moreover, an increase in the populations of Cyrtodactylus Kotschyi and the overwintering populations of Sylvia melanocephala, Turdus philomelus should occur, based on A1.

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ACTION C8: Implementation of the guidelines for the management of ancient olive groves in Voukolies


The action will be developed according to the same modes of description of action C7. The place where the action is to be performed is close to the target area grown with ancient olive groves of Voukolies – Chania (covering 7 ha). This action will be carried out during the second year and third year. It will be in direct link with the accomplishment of the action A6


This action is required to prove the validity of the field cropping techniques defined by the Guidelines and to have a concrete effect on the impact reduction on the biodiversity of ancient olive groves.

Beneficiary responsible for implementation: Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania.

Expected results (quantitative information when possible) Reduction of the polluting effect (presence of residues) on the soil, the groundwater and the product (oil) by means of periodical chemical and physical analyses (at the beginning and the end of each agricultural season). Moreover, an increase in the populations of Cyrtodactylus Kotschyi and the overwintering populations of Sylvia melanocephala, Turdus philomelus should occur, based on A2.

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ACTION C9: Implementation of the economic enhancement integrat ed plan in the

target area of Torre Guaceto;

Description (what, how, where and when): The Enhancement Plan previously described through the preparatory action will be implemented in the area of ancient olive-groves of Torre Guaceto through the following interventions:

a) Setting up a Service Centre (Centro OLI.stico). It will be possible to establish the Centre within existing facilities in the Reserve of Torre Guaceto and made available by the Management consortium. A small laboratory will be set up for manufacturing olive oil soap and essential oils; establishment of an exhibition point for promoting the products of ancient olive-trees to the public, a space for offering guiding services to the area of ancient olive-groves and information service also through demonstration activities on the products, nature and historical-cultural sites of the area. Trekking excursions and ciclotrekking could be organized in the olive-grown areas as well the identification and recognition of wild species, picking up and handling, cookery and product processing courses. To this end, it is necessary to:

• buy furnishing, equipment, material and tools required for setting up a laboratory, • buy the equipment and tools required to set up an exhibition space for promotion • buy equipment and tools required for setting up a space for providing services

b) preparing equipped path marking for experts, curious persons and schools, referred to nature excursions aimed at knowing ancient olive-groves and biodiversity present in such agro-eco-systems. The path will follow already existing tracks starting from the visitors’ centre over a length of 3 Km adequately equipped with trail markers, no. 5 descriptive tables on specific nature and cultural sites; no. 5 panels to be put in the geographic area where olive-groves are located (Municipalities of the area), to mark the track in the reference geographic context.

This action will be carried out during the second year (III e IV step) and third year. It will be in direct link with the accomplishment of the action A7


to guarantee economic sustainability to farmers and operators present in the area. Beneficiary responsible for implementation: Istituto Agronomico Mediterraneo di Bari (CIHEAM-IAMB) Expected results (quantitative information when possible): Establishment of:

• A service centre equipped with: a laboratory of about 40 m2; exhibition space of 30 m2; service space of 20 m2.

• Path markers over 3 km (no. 5 descriptive tables, no. 5 markings; no. 5 panels)

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ACTION C10: Implementation of the governance model in the area of ancient olive-groves of Torre Guaceto.

Description (what, how, where and when): To implement a governance model identified in the action A8, it will be necessary:

- To identify the players involved in the area of Torre Guaceto, - To illustrate the previously identified governance model and share it with the players of the

area; - Conferring the roles to the different actors of the area of Torre Guaceto, in view of the

preservation, management and enhancement of ancient olive-groves; - Establishment of a permanent consultation table through the involvement of local

administrations, local stakeholders, local economic operators (Communities of organic producers of Torre Guaceto, Management Consortium of Torre Guaceto, Municipalities, Professional and environmental oenogastronomical associations (Slow food)

- Drawing up a memorandum of understanding between all local stakeholders involved in the preservation, management and enhancement of the ancient olive-grove areas of Torre Guaceto, definition of specific commitments for each player;

- Appointment of the steering and coordination committee of the governance model - Monitoring the sustainable preservation and management actions of ancient olive-groves,

identification of possible criticalities and subsequent updating and adjustment of the previously identified governance model.

In ”how” to make a methodological path it is appropriate to indicate a very narrow group of individuals: • who manage the process • who coordinate the works • who have not only organizational capacities (for instance convocation of the meetings, focus

groups and participatory working procedures) • who stand out as being “super partes” and having no personal interest • who have skills in negotiation. The governance model will thus be made especially through a kind of “organizational secretariat” that convokes the meetings, keeps the minutes, and helps settling matters, a system for the circulation of information and continuous knowledge of intervention through the Internet site and the mobile network by SMS. This action will be carried out during the second year ( IV step) and third year. It will be in direct link with the accomplishment of the action A8


To favour the active participation of farmers in the management of the areas as an absolutely necessary condition for the preservation of biodiversity.


Expected results (quantitative information when possible): Implementation of the governance model, management secretariat (n°3-5 pers.) and Internet site (virtual community).

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ACTION C11: Implementation of the Governance model in the area of ancient olive-groves of Voukolies – Chania in Greece.


The action will be developed following the same descriptive procedures illustrated in action C10. the venue for the execution of the action is at the target area of ancient olive-groves Voukolies – Chania in Greece. This action will be carried out during the second year (IV step) and third year. It will be in direct link with the accomplishment of the action A9


To favour the active participation of farmers in the management of areas as an absolutely necessary condition for the preservation of biodiversity.


Expected results (quantitative information when possible): Implementation of the governance model, management secretariat (n°3-5 pers.) and Internet site (virtual community).

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007- C1d D. Public awareness and dissemination of results

ACTION D.1: Publications Description (what, how, where and when): The activities forecast in the project, in addition to acting directly on the threat to the ancient olive groves, necessitate the strong participation of sensitization and involvement of several actors: institutions, scientific communities, farmers and other economic players, at local and international levels. In effect, considering the diffusion of ancient olive groves in diverse geographic areas of the Mediterranean, it is necessary to have an action of information and sensitization as broad as possible in order not to limit it to a few areas, thereby shifting the threats to other geographic zones. The action, implemented at the MAIB, forecasts:

1) Realization of 2.000 brochures of 4 colour pages containing information on: objectives, actions, expected results and procedures for contacting the staff of the project. The brochures will be distributed at the places of aggregation of the farmers (trade associations and unions) and other associations (environmentalists, cultural and tour operators), and during meetings and conferences; in Italian and Greek; First year (I Step)

2) Progress report for the public who is more directly concerned with the project. At the end of every year a concise report quoting the achieved results will be published. 50 copies with a minimum of 3 files B/W have been planned in Italian and Greek. ; Second year (I step)Third year (I step)

3) N°3 technical-scientific publication on: 1. Stud y on biodiversity in ancient olive groves; in Italian and Greek; 200 colour copies with a minimum of 50 pages to be distributed among the scientific communities and among institutions(2° year, I period; 2. Guidelines for the management of the ancient olive groves, In Italian and Greek, 200 B/W copies with a minimum of 20 pages to be distributed among farmers of the target areas(2° year, I step);; 3. Action plan for the improvement and protection of centuries old olive groves of the Mediterranean (Italian, Greek and English), B/W, 500 copies with a minimum of 10 pages to be distributed to local, national and international institutions. 3° year, III step)

4) Info Point: immediately making available to the public a telephone number, email address and fax number. (From the start to the end of the project)

5) Final informative report on activities of the project and its subsequent results. The main objective of the report is to disseminate the results achieved and the methodology developed, highlighting the aspects linked to its repeatability (3rd year, IV step and 4th year, I step) In particular, the report will contain instructions on: quo ante situations addressed by the project; critical descriptions of actions taken in the project; results obtained; Description of the methodological model adopted in the implementation of the project, aimed at facilitating the dissemination of good practices and the repeatability of the same project in other fields. The report will be in Italian, Greek and English and will be both on paper and on an electronic support. It will be compiled in a minimum of 500 copies and, apart from being published on a website, it will be made known as follows: Submitted to the competent offices of the EU Commission, within scheduled modes and times; submitted to a mailing list prepared and implemented during the project; The report shall be available at public offices, schools, universities and at associations or institutes active in either the farming or environmental sectors; Posting in the form of emails, to a corporate mailing list. The dissemination of the report via email will contribute to disseminating information on the project to the highest extent, while containing the costs.

The coordinating beneficiary and associated beneficiaries will acknowledge the support given by the Community in all documents and media produced always mentioning the Community support received. The LIFE logo provided by the Commission will be used. For audio-visual material, the credits at the beginning and/or at the end shall include an explicit and readable mention of LIFE support.

Reasons why it is necessary (ref. to threat being addressed):

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Information and active participation constitute a fundamental point of the project. The realization of this phase is especially aimed at contributing to the solutions to the threats as a whole, seeking to prevent or resolving the causes.


Expected results (quantitative information when possible) awareness-raising of local actors, of institutions and local, national and international scientific communities; Increase of technical-scientific knowledge; Info point; Informative material: 2000 Brochures; n°2 progress report; and a final informa tive report n°3 technical-scientific publications.

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ACTION D.3: Website Description (what, how, where and when):

During the course of the project, a website will be set up to support public dissemination, dialogue and communication (reaching a wide range of firms and groups with social interests) on the themes of biodiversity in the ancient olive groves and their management. It will be possible to download technical reports relative to each meeting, in addition to the deliverables produced during the project, including the publications cited in the previous action, from the website. A summary of the project, including name and contact information of the coordinating beneficiary, will be placed on the life website and made available to the general public. The website will also be a virtual venue to foster, with more continuity, dialogue with the actors of different titles who are concerned with the initiative. A Forum area and the possibility to send specific requests has been planned. In particular the aims of the website specifically dedicated to the project are: • to present objectives, actions and purposes of the project, equally furnishing an information

service for the addressees of the project • to promote and simplify the circulation of information among the actors; • to furnish a series of dedicated services, such as

� News; � Infoline; � Answers on technical-scientific themes by experts; � Discussion forums; � Archive documents and experiences; � Reserved area to allow for direct contact between users and the staff of the project;

• be a point of reference for the exchange of information and experiences with other associations, institutions, companies, schools, also outside of the organizations supporting the project.

As from the above, the website will not only be a favoured channel for the exchange of useful information between the partners and the users of the project, but also, primarily, an instrument of service aimed at a much wider public. The multilingual website (Italian and Greek) will allow for the achievement of valuable results in terms of useful contacts which will develop within the framework of the project. The site will be ready for the start of the project and will be operational for the whole duration. The coordinating beneficiary and associated beneficiaries will acknowledge the support given by the Community in all documents and media produced always mentioning the Community support received. The LIFE logo provided by the Commission will be used. For audio-visual material, the credits at the beginning and/or at the end shall include an explicit and readable mention of LIFE support.

Reasons why this action is necessary (specify the target audience): The possibility offered by the website, of having different access to the project resources, will guarantee maintaining attention on different levels of the actions provided for by the project itself, assuring, at the same time, the communication and the exchange of information between the different actors of the project.


Expected results (quantitative information when possible) • design and realization of website • Maintenance and updating of website • Annual report on the website with evidence of the number of log-ins and registrations

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ACTION D.4: Workshop (interactive) for the dissemination of ex periences relative to protection, enhancement and management of areas gro wn with ancient olive groves in other Apulian and Greek areas.


The anticipated activities of the project, despite having a noticeable territorial concentration of actions, in particular the concrete conservation actions limited to Torre Guaceto and to Voukolies-Chania, necessitate a strong action of transfer and sharing of results at a much wider level. This need arises from the presence on the territory of Puglia and on the island of Crete of other areas with ancient olive groves and thus subject to identical threats. The proposal is to organize small interactive workshops with the players of these areas. Maximum of 10 people per area, representative stakeholders of the different components who operate in these territories and who have an affect in various capacities on the areas of the ancient olive groves. Through the application of methods of comparison based on problem solving, the workshops will start with the experience produced by the Torre Guaceto and Voukolies projects to work through to an analysis of the specific situation of the area, the mapping of problems and the identification of possible solutions. The meetings with a one-day duration will be held in three different regions of Puglia, involved in some preparatory actions: Gargano, Torre Canne and Le Cesine. Another meeting will take place in Chania, Greece. The coordinating beneficiary and associated beneficiaries will acknowledge the support given by the Community in all documents and media produced always mentioning the Community support received. The LIFE logo provided by the Commission will be used. For audio-visual material, the credits at the beginning and/or at the end shall include an explicit and readable mention of LIFE support. The workshops will be held in the last step of the project (3rd year – IV step and 4th year – I step)

Reasons why this action is necessary (specify the target audience): Foster the dissemination of results in other geographic areas verifying their repeatability.

Beneficiary responsible for implementation: The meetings will be carried out by the Regione Puglia.

Expected results (quantitative information when possible) Realization of 4 one-day meetings for 10 people per meeting. Reports of each meeting

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ACTION D.5: Didactic Workforce

Description (what, how, where and when): The didactic workforce comprises a group of people who, with common objectives, meet regularly to study in detail definite topics.Specifically, the aim is to discuss and confront environmental and farming aspects linked to the areas of the ancient olive groves, or rather high nature value farmland. It is a matter of agroecological reorganization of farms, that is, in the redesigning of a system that optimizes the use of resources, it strengthens the ecological relationship among the various components, guarantees major stability and minor dependence on external inputs, and protects biodiversity, actually favouring it. In the setting up care must be taken of fundamental criteria such as: refer to the principles of non formal education for adults, weekly divided lessons for farmers, an ‘experimental field. The area for implementation of action is Torre Guaceto. The coordinating beneficiary and associated beneficiaries will acknowledge the support given by the Community in all documents and media produced always mentioning the Community support received. The LIFE logo provided by the Commission will be used. For audio-visual material, the credits at the beginning and/or at the end shall include an explicit and readable mention of LIFE support. This action will be carried out in the last step of the project (3rd –IV step and 4th year – I step)

Reasons why this action is necessary (specify the target audience): Increase knowledge on protection of the areas, fostering a wider participation and awareness.


Expected results (quantitative information when possible) The optimal number of participants is 10; a weekly lesson has been scheduled for a duration of a total of 2 months (n°8 lessons of 4 hours). Subsequently the participants will undergo a 3 day training step Certificate issued.

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ACTION D.6: Layman’s report

Description (what, how, where and when): A final 5-10 pages long report will be presented in English and produced in paper and in electronic format. The report will contain the main project phases, the activities and the results; it will have an appealing format in order to be read and understood by the general public. The paper version will be distributed and it will be sent via mail to a mailing list of stakeholders; the electronic version will be downloadable from the website. The coordinating beneficiary and associated beneficiaries will acknowledge the support given by the Community in all documents and media produced always mentioning the Community support received. The LIFE logo provided by the Commission will be used. No Life+ funds are required for this action. This action will be carried out during the first step of the fourth year (1st quarter).

Reasons why this action is necessary (specify the target audience): The Layman’report will present the project, its objectives, its actions and its results to a general public.

Beneficiary responsible for implementation: Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari (CIHEAM-MAIB)

Expected results (quantitative information when possible) The report (in English) will be printed in 300 paper copies, and 100 electronic copies sent by e-mail.

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ACTION D.7: Notice boards

Description (what, how, where and when): The project’s importance will be described in the notice boards. They will be in different format containing a brief description of the project, its main objectives and the benefits for the environment. These notice boards will be displayed at strategic places accessible and visible to the public. The coordinating beneficiary and associated beneficiaries will acknowledge the support given by the Community in all documents and media produced always mentioning the Community support received. The LIFE logo provided by the Commission will be used. No Life+ funds are required for this action. This action will be carried out at the beginning of the project (first year – 1st quarter).

Reasons why this action is necessary (specify the target audience): Notice boards about the Project will be created for the promotion of the project.


Expected results (quantitative information when possible) Notice boards will be printed in 10 copies.

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007- C1e E. Overall project operation and monitoring

ACTION E1: Final monitoring of the vertebrate population of t he target ancient olive-groves (Ancient olive groves of Torre Guaceto).

Description (what, how, where and when): The action consists in identifying and measuring the stock of vertebrate fauna population as

an indicator to measure the impact of concrete conservation actions performed in the ancient olive-grove of Torre Guaceto. For the collection of the data relative to the presence and stock of the populations of Chiroptera, Reptiles and Birds, we will work with codified datasheet within the compilation of the regional and national check-lists. The same data-sheet have been already used in action A1 for the survey of the starting data. Again in this case for the fauna, in addition to direct observation techniques, chirp hearing, the identification of Chiroptera with the support of bat detectors and capture traps will be used. The nesting species Certhia brachydactyla and Turdus viscivorus; the wintering species Sylvia melanocephala and Turdus philomelus; Cyrtopodion kotschyi that, among reptiles, is the one more related to the olive-grove environment, will be used as indicators. Monitoring will also concern Chiroptera species for which it is not possible to establish a priori the indicator species due to scarce knowledge. In order to make the two series of data more comparable (action A1 and action E1), the survey will be made along the same hearing stations and the same transepts in similar steps of the year (spring and autumn-winter). Monitoring will be extended also to the area subject to renaturalization (action C1 and C3) to check the species that take advantage from the increase of the concerned habitats. The action will concern ancient olive-groves of Torre Guaceto (Apulia). Monitoring is scheduled to start from the third year of activity. (II e IV step and I step of the 4th year).


The action of final monitoring is necessary to check the effects of the different actions of the project (with special reference to action C1, C3, C7) on the conservation and increasing variation of biodiversity.


Expected results (quantitative information when possible): An increase in nesting and populations of the investigated vertebrate species is expected.

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ACTION E2: Final monitoring of the vertebrate population of t he target ancient olive-

groves (Voukolies -)

Description (what, how, where and when): The action will be developed following the same procedures as described in action E1. The venue of execution will be the target area of ancient olive-groves of Voukolies – Chania. Monitoring is foreseen starting from the third year of activity (II and IV steps and I step of the 4th

year). Reasons why this action is necessary (specify the species / habitat(s) / biodiversity issue(s) targeted):

The final monitoring action is necessary to check the effects of the different actions of the project (with special reference to action C2, C4, C8) on the conservation and the increased variation of biodiversity.


Expected results (quantitative information when possible): An increase in nesting of the population of the investigated vertebrate species is expected.

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ACTION E.3: Monitoring of the increase in biodiversity of tree habitats and Mediterranean grassland (Ancient olive-grove of Tor re Guaceto).

Description (what, how, where and when): The action consists in checking the rooting of grasslands and Carob trees established

within the framework of action C1 and C3. Such an increase will be measured starting from the analysis of the vegetation conditions of the different concerned plant species and the area covered by new plant stands. In particular, for the Mediterranean grasslands, the successful rooting percentage will be checked with respect to the concerned areas of action C3 and an analysis of the species giving the best results will be performed. Monitoring of Carob trees rooting will be made through the survey of the vegetation conditions of each single tree. The operation will be carried out starting from the third year. The action will concern the area of ancient olive-groves of Torre Guaceto (Apulia, Italy). Monitoring is scheduled to start from the third year of activity. (II – IV step and I step of the 4th year).


Considering the experimental character of action C3 and the need of checking the transferability of the intervention, it is of vital importance to measure the success of the action, making an evaluation of the most appropriate plant species and of the conditions that might have positively or negatively influenced the results.


Expected results (quantitative information when possible): A check of the increase in biodiversity subsequent to the establishment of Mediterranean grasslands (link with action C3).

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ACTION E.4: Monitoring of the increase of biodiversity of tree habitats and Mediterranean grassland (Ancient olive-groves of Voukolies - Gree ce).

Description (what, how, where and when): The action will be developed following the same descriptive approach illustrated in action E2. The venue of execution is at the target area of the ancient olive groves of Voukolies – Chania in Grecia. Monitoring is scheduled to start from the third year of activity. (II – IV step and I step of the 4th year).


Considering the experimental character of action C4 and the need to check the transferability of the action, it is of vital importance to measure the success of the action, to evaluate the most appropriate plant species and the conditions that might have positively or negatively influenced the results.


Expected results (quantitative information when possible): A check of the increase in biodiversity subsequent to the establishment of Mediterranean grasslands (link with action C4).

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ACTION E5: Overall project management

Description (what, how, where and when): The coordinating beneficiary (CIHEAM-IAMB) is responsible for management and implementation of the general activities of the project as well as of the transnational management and coordination, in order to monitor both technical implementation and financial management, undertaking periodical and final accounting. The CIHEAM-IAMB will work through a management structure set up to coordinate the full implementation of the activities of the project, as well as fixing the agenda of meetings and workshops, and the due date of delivery of the internal reports and of publications. The whole management structure will allow continuous monitoring of the project at different levels, to guarantee optimization of the involved skills and expertise. At the general level, the management Coordination shall constantly involve all the partners, ensuring that the activities and actions performed by each of them comply with the general and specific objectives of the project. A flow-chart of the project management structure is reported in the following. It consists of: a Technical-Management Coordination Unit, a Steering Committee and the External Audit (Action E6) and a Greek Technical Manager.

Technical -Management Coordination Unit

Project Manager

Administrative Manager

Communication Manager

European Commission

Steering Committee

External Audit

Greek Technical Manager

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The Technical-Management Coordination Unit is, in turn, composed of an Administrative Manager, a Project Manager and a Communication Manager. The tasks of the Technical-Management Coordination Unit can be summarized as follows. The Project Manager has the following responsibilities:

- To represent the Technical-Management Coordination Unit in the relationships with the Project Associated Beneficiaries, with the Life+ Authority, within the institutional framework at any level; monitoring the progress of the Project.

The Project Manager performs the activities of: - Working out the programme of the activities; monitoring, controlling and, if need be, guiding

the correct execution of the actions, checking the technical compliance of activities with respect to what is scheduled in the project; Participating in the activity of control, verification and technical and administrative-accounting monitoring; Draw up periodical and final reports, workshops/meetings reports, etc; Providing for the design and implementation of the web site and its continuous update,

The Project Manager shall: � Assume overall responsibility for the organisation, planning and control of the project and

for the meetings, operation and functionality of the Technical-Management Coordination Unit as described below;

� Be a link between the partners and the Commission concerning all aspects of the project and the administration of the contract;

� Manage resources in order to meet schedules and goals; � Monitor and maintain the Agreement necessary for the completion of the work (to be signed

by the partners before start-up of the project); � Ensure the communication with the Commission; � Follow-up the contract with the European Commission and keep close contact with the

responsible EC project officer; � Propose conflicts resolutions

Function of the Administrative Manager The Administrative Manager has the following responsibilities:

- To ensure the general administrative functions required for sound management of the control and monitoring activity functions; to transmit and manage all the accounts /financial statements.

The Administrative Manager performs the activities of: - Checking the eligibility of the expenditures incurred and the compliance of accounting

documents with the actions carried out and the project objectives; Any other formal, administrative and accounting aspect related to the development of actions (agreements, contracts, resolutions, etc.).;

The tasks relative to the responsibilities of the administrative management issues include: � Monitoring the progress against the agreed work plan and activities taking the remedial

action, if need be. This action will take place on a six-month basis. � Collaborating with the Project Manager in order to prepare the Steering Committee. The

administrative manager will offer his/her expertise for the event’s organisation. � Ensuring the punctual delivery of reports and the other deliverables of the project. � Implementing the necessary day-to-day management activities (such as to ensure the

preparation of the project web site and its regular update), to have the overall responsibility for the preparation of the e-newsletter and of the project’s leaflet/brochure;

� Budget supervision and preparation of the cost statement and overall responsibility to collect and control the necessary reports and cost statements of the partners;

� Presenting the project’s progress wherever necessary, as part of the dissemination activities;

� Preparation and follow-up of the financial claims; � Co-ordinating and preparing the submission of the financial documents (including Audit

Certificates) requested by the European Commission according to the final report;

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� Providing technical support to all partners in order to prepare and submit the financial documents to the co-ordinator;

� Preparing the final report of the project (in order to support the Project Manager in his/her responsibilities)

Functions of the Communication Manager The Communication Manager supports the Project Manager in the activities of: coordinating dissemination activities; updating the web-site; preparing the mailing list; publications (brochures, leaflets, reports, etc.), seminars; relationships with the media; relationships with the Stakeholders. The role of the Communication Manager is regulated by Regulation 2000/1159/CE and subsequent amendments and integrations. Moreover, the Steering Committee is formed by one representative per partner, an international expert on the subject of the proposal, the Project Manager and 5 representatives of competent authorities who have already rendered their intention to support the project (form A8). The Steering Committee shall thus be composed of 11 members. The Steering Committee will meet the first time at the beginning of the project to programme the details of the project activities. Thereafter, it will meet within the end of each successive sixth-month period, for a total of 6 meetings to be held at the MAIBari. During these meetings, the results of the previous six-month period shall be analysed, and the activities performed till then and those of the next six-month period will be checked and re-oriented, if need be. One of the tasks of the Steering Committee is to check the technical and financial consistency of the actions developed by the project as compared with the contents and the schedule of the project. The Steering Committee will analyse the progress reports of each partner and the six-month report that will be submitted and discussed by the Project Manager. Minutes will be drawn up for each meeting of the Steering Committee. The Steering Committee will act as an interface with legislative and political interlocutors as well as the scientific institutions. The Steering Committee shall also ensure transnational coordination. Relationships with the Greek partners shall be maintained through sending six-month financial reports as well as reports on the state of the art of the activities through e-mail or ordinary postage. The above-said reports will then be discussed during the scheduled Steering Committee meetings. A Technical Manager responsible for the activities on the Greek territory will be appointed. Function of the Greek Technical Manager. The Greek Technical Manager shall directly interact with the Project Manager and indirectly with the Steering Committee (via the Project Manager). His/her tasks are as follows:

� Assuming overall responsibility for the organisation, planning and control of the project activities in Greece in agreement with the Project Manager and in compliance with the project indicators.

� Being a link between those who rendered their intention of support (declaration of support of the competent authority) and the Technical-Management Coordination Unit;

� Managing resources in order to meet schedules and goals; � Proposing conflicts resolutions; � Monitoring the progress against the agreed work plan and activities taking the remedial

action, if need be; � Collaborating with the Project Manager in order to prepare the Steering Committee; � Elaborating and sending the technical and administrative six-month reports to the TMCU

and cooperating with the TMCU for the technical-financial monitoring and the communication activities.

� Ensuring the punctual delivery of reports and other deliverables of the project.

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Coordination is a cross-party and democratic tool for optimal running and management of the project, therefore coordination activities are aimed at contrasting threats.


Expected results (quantitative information when possible): Accurate and sound management of the project according to the design stage budget; transparent communication to the concerned territory and the donors; drafting of periodical and final reports; minutes of the meetings, correspondence with those responsible for the actions, guidance and control instruments at the various stages of the project. Specific indicators to monitor the achievement of specific results are the following:

� Number of farmers present in the study area and undertaking to apply the guidelines for the management of ancient olive groves (we foresee to involve 30% of farmers within the end of the first year and 50% within the second year);

� Reduction in the use of synthetic chemical fertilizers in the farms belonging to the study area (equal to 30% at the end of the first year; 50% at the end of the second year);

� Reduction in the use of pest control in the farms belonging to the study area (equal to 30% at the end of the first year; 50% at the end of the second year);

� No. 10 players involved in the implementation of the governance model of the area of ancient olive groves of Torre Guaceto;

� No. 10 representatives of local administrators, local stakeholders and local economic operators involved in the permanent consultation table;

� Number of local stakeholders who sign the memorandum of understanding (we foresee to involve 30% of farms of the Torre Guaceto project area);

� No. 2 monitoring reports of the sustainable preservation and management actions of ancient olive groves;

� No. 100 logons to the Internet site/month.

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ACTION E.6: External Audit

Description (what, how, where and when): As suggested by the flow chart at action E5, an external audit is foreseen. Audit of the accounts shall be carried out for the duration of the financial years. The External auditors shall be responsible for checking the financial operations, having their managerial autonomy. In particular, they shall carry out all checks on documents considered necessary in order to certify:

- that the financial statements are correct; - that the financial operations recorded in these documents were carried out in

accordance with the applicable regulation and that the budget appropriations were not exceeded;

- that securities and cash on deposit and in hand correspond to the amounts entered on statements received from depositories;

- that the records of supplies and stocks of equipment are in accordance with the inventories.

Auditors will prepare an annual report concerning the accountancy of the financial records audited. They will also prepare a report on the financial soundness and will make all observations deemed necessary concerning the efficiency of financial procedures, the accounting system and the financial control.

Reasons why this action is necessary (specify the species / habitat(s) / biodiversity issue(s) targeted): This action is necessary in order to ensure the right financial management of the project with reference to the budget approved, to the timing and to the accomplishment indicators.


Expected results (quantitative information when possible): 3 auditing reports

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ACTION E.7: After-LIFE conservation plan

Description (what, how, where and when): The After-LIFE conservation plan will be a separate chapter of the final report, presented in English. It shall set out how it is planned to continue and to develop the conservation actions initiated in the project in the years that follow the end of the project, and how the longer term management of the site/species/biodiversity issues will be assured. It will give details regarding what actions will be realistically carried out, when by whom, and using what sources of finance. No special editing or printing costs (other than those normally linked to the final report) will be added for this plan, which will be just few pages long.


Long-term planning of the conservation actions initiated in the project Beneficiary responsible for implementation:

Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari (CIHEAM-IAMB) Expected results (quantitative information when possible):

1 After-LIFE conservation plan

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007- C2

DELIVERABLE PRODUCTS OF THE PROJECT

Name of the Deliverable Code of the associated action Deadline

Morpho-genetic and environmental characterization of olive groves in Apulia

A3 30.06.2009

Morpho-genetic and environmental characterization of olive groves of Voukolies- Chania

A4 30.06.2009

Guidelines for the increase/conservation of biodiversity (Torre Guaceto)

A5 31.12.2009

Guidelines for the increase/conservation of biodiversity Voukolies- Chania

A6 31.12.2009

Economic enhancement plan of the ancient olive grove areas of Torre Guaceto

A7 30.06.2010

Elaboration of an innovatory governance model at Torre Guaceto

A8 30.09.2010

Elaboration of an innovatory governance model at Voukolies

A9 30.09.2010

Preliminary study on the characterization of biodiversity of ancient olive groves in Apulia

A1 31.12.2010

Preliminary study on the characterization of biodiversity of ancient olive groves of Voukolies- Chania

A2 31.12.2010

A check of the increase in biodiversity subsequent to the establishment of Mediterranean grassland

E4 30.06.2011

An increase in nesting and population of the investigated vertebrate species of Voukolies- Chania

E2 30.06.2011

Bank of germplasm of 6000 m2 and about 300 plants. C5 31.12.2011 Nursery for the production of 1500-2000 plants C6 31.12.2011 Implementation of a Service Centre equipped with a laboratory of about 40 m2; exhibition space of 30 m2; service space of 20 m2; path markers over 3 km (no. 5 descriptive tables; no. 5 panels).

C9 31.12.2011

1 brochure, n° 2 progress reports; n°3 technical-sc ientific publications ; info point, final report

D1 31.03.2012

Design, implementation, maintenance and update of the web site. Annual report of the state of the web site

D3 31.03.2012

Interactive workshops: N°4 Meetings with stakeholde rs and reports of each single meeting

D4 31.03.2012

Didactic workforce: 8 lectures of 4 hours each for 10 participants

D5 31.03.2012

N. 10 Notice boards D7 31.03.2009 An increase in nesting and population of the investigated vertebrate species of Torre Guaceto

E1 31.03.2012

A check of the increase in biodiversity subsequent to the establishment of Mediterranean grassland

E3 31.03.2012

Accurate and sound management of the project according to the design stage budget; transparent communication to the concerned territory and the donors; drafting of periodical and final reports

E5 31.03.2012

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MILESTONES OF THE PROJECT

Name of the Milestone Code of the associated action Deadline

Euro-Mediterranean action plan for the protection of ancient olive groves

A10 30.06.2011

Increase in floristic biodiversity (0.2 ha of Mediterranean shrub), in the biodiversity of micro-habitats of dry stone walls (240 m3), tree shelter sites (20 Carob trees). Subsequent increase in bird species and Cyrtopodion kotschyi (Torre Guaceto)

C1 31.12.2011

Increase in floristic biodiversity (0.2 ha of Mediterranean shrub), in the biodiversity of micro-habitats of dry stone walls (240 m3), tree shelter sites (20 Carob trees). Subsequent increase in bird species and Cyrtopodion kotschyi ( Voukolies- Chania)

C2 31.12.2011

The enhancement of biodiversity by establishing a community of Mediterranean grassland (10,000 m2), improvement of soil quality, increase the reproduction of Turdus viscivorous of Torre Guaceto.

C3 31.12.2011

The enhancement of biodiversity by establishing a community of Mediterranean grassland (10,000 m2), improvement of soil quality, increase of the reproduction of Turdus viscivorous of Voukolies

C4 31.12.2011

Guidelines Implementation. Reduction of the presence of harmful residues on soil, water and oil; increase in Cyrtopodion kotschyi and of overwintering populations of Sylvia Melanocephala and Turdus philomelus.(Torre Guaceto)

C7 31.12.2011

Guidelines Implementation. Reduction of the presence of harmful residues on soil, water and oil; increase in Cyrtopodion kotschyi and of overwintering populations of Sylvia Melanocephala and Turdus philomelus. Voukolies- Chania

C8 31.12.2011

Implementation of the governance model, management secretariat and Internet site at Torre Guaceto

C10 31.12.2011

Implementation of the governance model, management secretariat and Internet site at Voukolies

C11 31.12.2011

ACTIVITY REPORTS FORESEEN

Type of report Deadline

Inception Report 31.03.2009

n. 1 Annual external audit report 31.12.2009

n°1 Annual report 31.01.2010

mid-term report with payment request 30.06.2010


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n°2 annual report 31.01.2011

Layman’s report 31.03.2012


"Final Report with payment request" 31.06.2012

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007- C3

TIMETABLE

Action 2009 2010 2011 2012

Number/name I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV

A. Preparatory actions, elaboration of management p lans and/or action plans :

A1 A2 A3: A4: A5 A6 A7: A8: A9: A10:

B. Purchase/lease of land and/or rights :

Non applicable

C. Concrete conservation actions :

C.1: C.2: C3: C4: C5: C6: C7: C8: C9: C10: C11:

D. Public awareness and dissemination of results :

D.1: D.3: D4 D5 D6 D7

E. Overall project operation and monitoring:

E1: E.2: E3: E.4: E5: E6 E7

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LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity 2007

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF RECEIPT

Address of the coordinating beneficiary:

C.I.H.E.A.M. IAMB Via Ceglie, 9 70010- Valenzano, BARI (ITALY)

Title of the project: Identification and conservation of the high nature value of ancient olive groves

in the Mediterranean region (CENT.OLI.MED.)

APPLICATION N° LIFE+07/NAT/……..….. (to be completed by the European Commission)

Sir, Madam I acknowledge receipt of your LIFE+ Nature & Biodiversity application for the project proposal mentioned above, for which I thank you. Your proposal will be examined with respect to its eligibility. If declared eligible it will then undergo an evaluation procedure according to that foreseen in the LIFE+ Regulation and the guidance to applicants. I will let you know the final decision as soon as possible. Yours faithfully, Signature: ............................................

3.1 - Life Centolimed Project

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Transcript of 3.1 - Life Centolimed Project