30.5 The End of the Vietnam War Objectives: To understand the end of the Vietnam War To analyze the...
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30.5 The End of the Vietnam War
Objectives: To understand the end of the Vietnam WarTo analyze the events that decreased the credibility of the U.S.
government during the Vietnam War
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De-Escalation • Nixon was elected on promise of “Peace with
honor”• Did not want America to look weak on world stage • Continued war with North Vietnam even as he
removed troops and conducted peace talks • Vietnamization: define• Begins 1969
• 1970: Nixon orders invasion of Cambodia• Why?• What effect are these moves going to have? On the
war? On America? • War Expands & Anti-war protests at all time high
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U.S. Credibility Rocked•My Lai Massacre •March 1968 • Covered up by Army until November 1969 • U.S. soldiers killed over 100 S. Vietnamese civilians on
search and destroy mission • “I poured about four clips into the group…The mothers
was hugging their children…we kept on firing” Paul Meadlo
•Pentagon Papers• June 1971- Daniel Ellsberg leaks Pentagon Papers• Proves that LBJ had planned invasion of Vietnam before 1964• Credibility gap
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Lt. William Calley, U.S.A. (Below) & My Lai Village (Right)
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Charlie Company landing at My Lai, March 19, 1968
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Charlie Company members in My Lai
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Charlie Company member takes aim, My Lai, March 19, 1968
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Dead civilians, My Lai, March 19, 1968
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Charlie Company “WIA”, My Lai, March 19, 1968
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Charlie Company members aid wounded child, My Lai, March 19, 1968
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Warrant Officer Hugh Thompson, U.S. Army, Recipient - Distinguished Flying Cross
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WILLIAM CALLEY ON TIME MAGAZINE COVER, 1971
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Kent State May, 1970 KENT STATE RIOT
• Students protesting war burn down ROTC building on Campus•National Guard is called in• -Protestors start to throw rocks on at
the National Guardsmen• -Soldiers open fire on protestors • 9 wounded• 4 killed
•Damages Nixon’s Image
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Ohio National Guard Approaches students at Kent State
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Peace Talks• National Security advisor Henry Kissinger
and Le Doc Tho work out Paris Peace Accords• Oct 1972- “Peace is at hand” – Kissinger
why important?• Treaty signed Jan 1973- U.S. stops fighting in
Vietnam• March all U.S. troops are out of Vietnam
• War is still being fought between North and South Vietnam • March 1975
• NVA captures Saigon • Communist unify Vietnam/ win war
• Final U.S. casualties• KIA: 58,000• WIA: 360,000
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• 1973 U.S. TroopsArrive in America
U.S. Troops after hearing news of theU.S. withdrawal
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Other Effects of the Vietnam War • Cambodia • Seized by communist extremists the Khmer Rouge• Pol Pot• Goal is total agricultural society• Westerners exiled• Labor Communes • 1975-1979 – 3 million Cambodians killed
• U.S. Government• 1973- War Powers Act• President must inform congress within 48 hours of sending combat forces into
hostile areas• Cannot stay their for more than 90 days without congressional approval
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VIETNAM WAR MEMORIAL, Washington, D.C.
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