3 Tourism Resources 090222194917 Phpapp02

8/3/2019 3 Tourism Resources 090222194917 Phpapp02

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Tourism & HospitalityGeography

The Geography ofResources for Tourism


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Objectives

Appreciate the nature of resources for tourism.

Distinguish the methods used to classify and

evaluate resources for tourism.

Outline the main factors favoring thedevelopment of tourist resources.

Understand the way that destinations evolve.

Appreciate the need for tourism planning andsustainable development.


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Resources for Tourism

3 characteristics of tourism resources;

Tourist resources is normally taken to refer totangible objects.

Tourist resources are not used solely bytourists.

Tourist resources are perishable.


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Planning for Tourism Resources

Tourism brought economic benefits ofemployment, income and development.

Economic imperative overlooked theenvironmental social and cultural consequences.

Tourism planning evolved from an inflexible,physical planning approach to a flexible processwhich seeks to maximize the benefits andminimize the costs of tourism.


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Continued..

Tourism planning;

Is based on sound research

Involves local community in setting goals and priorities

Is implemented by the public sector in partnership withthe private sector

Key concept to tourism planning is;

Carrying Capacity. Planner determine the level of use that can besustained by a tourist resource and manage tothat level.


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Carrying Capacity

It refers to the ability of a destination to taketourism use without deteriorating in some way.

Mathieson and Wall (1982);

The maximum number of people who can use a site

without unacceptable alteration in the physicalenvironment and without an unacceptable decline in the

quality of experience gained by visitors.


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Continued..

Different types of carrying capacity:

From the point of view of the resource Physical carrying capacity

Refers to number of facilities Environmental or biological carrying capacity

Limits of use in the ecosystem

From the point of view of the visitor Psychological or behavioral carrying capacity

The point at which the visitor feels that additionaltourist would spoil their experience

From the point of view of the host community Social carrying capacity

The ability of the host community to tolerate tourism


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Tourism Resources at the World Scale

Physical features

Mountains

More gently slopping hill lands

Elevated plateaus

(land above surface)

Lowland plains

Cultural features Cultural differences across the world in terms of

language, art, festivals, folklore, handicrafts, food,music and the way of life of different peoples


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Tourist Resources at the National Scale

Classification of resources for tourism Natural

Human-made

Human-made and purpose-built

Special events

A broader view of the tourism resource base User-oriented areas of highly intensive development close to

population centers

Resource-based areas where the type of resourcedetermines the use of the area

An intermediate category, where access is the determiningfactor


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Continued..

Evaluation of resources for tourism

Measurement of the suitability of the resource base tosupport different forms of tourism.

Problem- to include the varied requirements of differentusers.

The tourism product

Attractions, accessibility, amenities and ancillaryservices, combined to provide tourism product.


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Tourist Resources at the Local Scale

Private sector (banks)

Public sector

Central government

State-funded organization

Voluntary sector

-non profit making organizations (initiative)

Local community


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The Tourist Area Life Cycle

Exploration Small # of adventurous tourists, un-spoilt nature and

cultural features

Involvement Local initiatives provide facilities and advertising ensues.Large # of visitors. Tourist season & public sectorinvolvement.

Development Large # of visitors. Control passed to national &international companies. Change in image and overuse

may begin.

Consolidation Destination is fully-fledged part of the tourist industry.The rate of increase of visitors is reducing. Recreationalbusiness emerged.

Stagnation Peak visitor number. The destination is unfashionable

with environmental, social and economic problems.Promotional efforts needed.

Decline Visitors visit new places. Destination depends on asmaller geographical catchments and repeat visit.

Rejuvenation The authorities attempt to re-launch the destination byproviding new facilities, attracting new markets and re-

investing.


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Conclusion

Developed tourist resources are culturalappraisals, considered by society to be ofeconomic value.

Tourism planning for resources become vital asit could minimize the cost of tourism and tomaintain integrity of the resource base.

3 Tourism Resources 090222194917 Phpapp02

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