DRAFT 1.1 FOR CONSULTATION AND TESTINGContact for more information: Maggie Ibrahim m.ibrahim@ids.ac.uk Katie Harris k.harris@ids.ac.uk ©T. Mitchell and M.Ibrahim (2010)

Component/ condition/ example indicatorfor a climate smart approach to disaster risk management

Example guiding questionsfor understanding the current situation

What goals do you want to achieve? What are the barriers and how will you overcome them?

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Make climate-smart disaster risk management a priorityIntegrated strategies – e.g. climate change considerations are integrated into national, regional and local disaster risk management strategies. Climate-smart disaster risk management integrated into development policies and plans(such as PRS/PRSPs)Multi-sector platforms – e.g. climate change actors active part of disaster risk management platforms.

To what extent is climate change already part of disaster risk management strategies at different scales? How do climate and disasters communities communicate?

Assess changing risk and vulnerability patterns Risk Assessments – e.g. climate risk assessments conducted based on information from local communities and from meteorologists/climate scientists about experienced and predicted changes in extreme events and more gradual changes in climate. Vulnerability and Capacity Assessments – e.g. local knowledge of changing hazard types, frequency, magnitude, along with shifting vulnerability captured through seasonal calendars, scenario tools and timelines for example.

How is information about changing climate risks (both hazards and impacts on vulnerabilities) being collected and used at different scales?

Increase public awareness of climate change and disaster risksEarly warning and preparedness – e.g. early warning and preparedness systems able to deal with surprise events. Proactive Local institutions – e.g. local institutions conduct awareness campaigns and programmes that advocate integrated approaches to tackling climate change and disaster risks. Education – e.g. tackling climate change and reducing disaster risk part of curriculum.

How are early warning systems integrating new knowledge about the impact of climate change on extremes and how are education/public awareness programmes supporting this?

Reduce exposure of physical environment to changing risks Relocate – e.g. relocate infrastructure from hazardous zones following assessment of how hazards are changingRestore Natural Buffers – e.g. mangroves, wetlands restored, reforestation to buffer from storm surges and fl ood peaksProtection Infrastructure including accommodation – e.g. fl ood proofi ng buildings in line with codes based on consideration of changing extremes

How are policies, programmes and projects, which ensure secure living conditions, integrating and acting on knowledge about the impacts of and risks associate with climate change?

Reduce exposure of livelihood strategies to changing risksLocal Economy – e.g. livelihood strategies are diversifi ed based on knowledge of shifting resource patternsand hazard exposureSocial relations – e.g. schemes are in place to share risks and impacts across regions and communities(such as savings schemes, innovative insurance measures etc.)

Are vulnerable people’s livelihoods strategies shifting as a result of climate change and other drivers of poverty and how are schemes helping support shifts to more resilient livelihoods?

A climate smart approach to disaster risk management

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Creating fl exible and effective institutionsEffective delivery – e.g. Institutions focus on increasing their legitimacy and effi ciency through improved transparency and accountability mechanisms. Flexibility – e.g. Staff highly knowledgeable, well networked, innovative, experimental and able to operate across communities of practice.

How have institutions promoting disaster risk management and adaptation to climate change created space for innovation and experimentation?

Are disaster risk management organizations delivering effectively and transparently?

Promoting learningIterative learning – e.g. frequent learning circles bring together and encourage action based on experiences from a range of stakeholders on assessing the risks and impacts of climate change on changing vulnerabilities and extremes

Have policies, programmes and projects been updated based on learning from experiences of good and bad practice and with evolving knowledge of shifting extremes and vulnerabilities?

Adopting multi-Level perspectivesLinkages across scales – e.g. local and provincial policies are well connected and integrated within national policy frameworks and vice versa.

What links exist between local, district and national levels to reduce disaster risk and tackle climate change?

Considering greater uncertainty Scenario planning – e.g. preparedness and planning based on scenario exercises, including extreme events not experienced before, and on actions based on likelihood of system failureRedundancy – e.g. consideration given to availability of parallel support systems in event of system failure

Have scenario planning exercises informed design of the intervention?

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Promote equitable economic systems Markets – e.g. fair, equitable access to markets within easy reach of vulnerable communities. Employment and Skills – e.g. training and employment available in a range of livelihoods strategies that reduce dependency on single ecosystem-based livelihoods or those involving work in exposed locations. Social protection/Safety Nets – e.g. schemes in place that ensure poorest and most vulnerable people and their livelihoods protected and promoted.

How are policies and programmes providing access to markets, employment, skills and new technologies based on understandings of climate change risks and impacts?

Promote access to education and health carePrimary education – e.g. children complete a full course of primary schoolingHealth care access – e.g. child mortality reduced through universal access to basic health care services

What policies and programmes are in place to support access to basic services and how successful are these?

Promote access to structures, power and accountability Participatory decision-making – e.g. open election of government, representation of stakeholder groups on local/national decision-making bodies and frequent opportunities to meet with local and national government representativesNon-discrimination and equitable representation – e.g. open media able to challenge government publicly. Transparency and Accessibility – e.g. institutions, programme or project has publish what you spend system

Are decision-making structures decentralised and participatory?

What policy spaces exist for community voice, deliberation and organisation?

What accountability mechanisms exist for government offi cials and spending? How effective are these mechanisms?

Promote Sensible Carbon StewardshipEnvironmentally sustainability – e.g. the intervention design has involved a thorough environmental impact assessment that considers the effects on carbon emissions and on the environment.

Does the intervention consider carbon emissions and environmental sustainability?

DRAFT 1.1 FOR CONSULTATION AND TESTINGContact for more information: Maggie Ibrahim m.ibrahim@ids.ac.uk Katie Harris k.harris@ids.ac.uk ©T. Mitchell and M.Ibrahim (2010)