2.6.3 Mexico – Access to Information as a New Tool to Empower Citizens in the Decision Making...

7/31/2019 2.6.3 Mexico Access to Information as a New Tool to Empower Citizens in the Decision Making Process to Allocat

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Taspaca Mcaas Ss apaia Mxiaa si ciz & Mak

Me

xiC

o

Me

xiC

o


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A b s r A c

akig a ag pi h a a iual mhaim a h dal lvl h di

ivlvm axpay i h udg diiu i Mxi, hi al pp ha apa-

y ad a ima i a pwul l mpw iz. Fi, h mhaim y

whih axpay hav maagd iu udg alla i h ui a viwd ad

h lva h mhaim h mxia a a ad. h, hi al aaly

h xpi h Fdal Iu A Ima ad Daa P (IFAI), ad

agu ha h a w mhaim hugh whih a ima a m a uull izhip: , y allwig hm ig h puli diui iu ha hwi

wuld ud ad dly, y alig h a a uiv uul ima ha

ailia h valua xpdiu. Fially, h paal di ha h apa-

iy a ima a a l axpay a uggd: i) awa h pw h

l, ii) lva, uul ad availailiy h ima, ad iii) a ivil iy ha u h

ima adva udgay iu ha a i axpay.

Angel TrinidAd ZAldvAr coMIssIoner, Fdal Iu A Ima ad DaaP, Mxi

Accss ifmat asa nw T empw Ctzs

h dcs Mak Pcss Aca Pubc rsucs:h ca Mxi

MexiCo


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Taspaca Mcaas Ss

i h la ya, impa hag-

hav ud i h Mxia plial

ym: h way lv plial -

i ad alla puli u ha

dply ald. Duig dad, h

pid had h al dii puli -

u alla. day, h a may a-

ivlvd i hi dii makig p.

Lal gv, paliamay gup i c-

g, ad plial pa hav gaid gw-

ig pw dii v puli xpdiu,

whil yig pm hi w agda

ad i.

Hwv, h agma h di-

i makig p ha giv h ppu-

iy iz ak pa i h alla

puli u. ev hugh, axpay p-

vid h u puli xpdiu, hy

d hav h l ak pa i h di-

i makig p lad i.1 Ad wh a

udad h i axpay t

ha hmlv?

Dpi h lak a mal mhaim

iz ak pa i h mula h

yaly udg, hugh h a ima-

law (Ley Federal de Transparencia y Acceso

a la Inormacin Pblica Gubernamenal2) i-

1 hi gad, h cu a (Al 31, aIV) ha i i a liga vy Mxia iu h puli xpdiu h Fda, ad h sa adMuiipaliy i whih hy id, i h ppal ad q-uial ma pvidd y law. ev hugh, i i ay a ha h igg pag dal u mm plum.

2 h Ley Federal de Transparencia y Acceso a la Inor-macin Pblica Gubernamenal wa iialy pulihd 11h Ju 2002, i h Diario Oicial de la Federacin. nv-hl, h piiliy qu a imai -ga ya la.

z g h piiliy qu ima

au hw h gvm alla puli -

u3. Wih ha ima, vy axpay-

i al a hi pii wih h

puli va.

h mai agum h p aaly-

i i ha h a imai law, i

ully udd, ha h pial a

mhaim iiz ilu puli

xpdiu. I qu, h pup

hi ay i hw hw a ima-

i a a mhaim mpw iiz

ad pvid hm wih l pa iipa

i h allai puli u. rgad-

ig hi agum, I pp ha h a

w way y whih a imai

m a mhaim h d d.

Fi, wh a p qu a pu-

li dum, h divulgai h du-

m ha a idi : puli va

may i plm ha w u-

id m h iiz akd

au hm. hi a a h way ha -

u a allad. h ida hid hi

agum i ha igl imai -

qu a au a uaiv hag i h

way puli ii pd axpay my

y makig iu ha mhig i

wkig pply.

sd, a puli imai al-

lw gvm ad axpay uild a

puli imai uiv ha a u-

ul a puli xpdiu ad, uh-

m, pp hag h allai

puli u. h y maizai hi

imai uiv wuld a pwul

l h ivil iy iluig puli

xpdiu.

I d dvlp h mai agum

hi ay, i i uul viw m mha-im ha hav ud y axpay i h-

ui iu h alla

puli u. hi a hlp i udad-

ig whh h mhaim wuld u-

ul Mxi.

3 h Ley Federal de Transparencia y Acceso a la Inor-macin Pblica Gubernamenala (Al 7) ha ima- gadig h udg ad xpdiu puli u ipuli ima y daul.


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Accss ifmat as a nw T empw Ctzs h dcs Mak Pcss Aca Pubc rsucs:h ca Mxi

Tapays a Pubcepu: Th TataMchasmsh dig au puli u i

aiy. hi ma ha h gvm ha

limid4 u lv ulimid plm.

hu, i i ay hav pii ad d-

id whih plm d lvd .

Uually, m u a allad lv

h plm ha a idd a piiy. I

h w mhaim ha allwd axpay

iu h dii pii, hy -

aily wuld id i dig .

Puli budg a aily udd a

a z-um gam5: h iz h ag i

dmid, ah dlla ha m g i

a dlla ha m l l. A xampl

a hlp illua h pi. I, xampl,

u a hudd dlla a allad

aal uiy, h dlla a

allad pvy du. hi i why i

i lva axpay imd au

hw muh my i alu ad lav

m i allad hi pii.

h a di hi au h la-

hip w puli p ad h

dmia puli xpdiu pii.

F h agum hi al, i i ay

add h hm: puli pii, i

gup ad alld Pk bal mhaim.

I ha widly agud ha h alla

puli u a ai x

v p6. h al agum i

ha i v, i a paula mm, hw a

a wy au a pi plm, pli-

ia, kig ia hi plial upp

4 I aum limid u, i h udg i lavly

xd. Alhugh i i pil w my m aialiu, h i a maximum amu, dmid y -mi ad lgal ida.

5 h iua i whih di play ia i a a-gi x i whih h addial ha hmiv, aily impli a xp ah, akw a z-um gam. A lai xampl i ha a ,i whih h wi iv h ak, ad h l, l xalyh am amu.

6 A a xampl, : ska, sua y chiph Wlzi,opii-Pliy Dyami: Puli P ad Puli expdi-u i h Uid Kigdm, i: Britsh Journal o Politcal Science(2005), 35: p. 665-689.

i h x l, will alla u

h v . h ky lm

hi mhaim i ha v mu p-

iv pliia dii: i my dpuy d

id my , I will v him

h x m h u cg. H, i i

ail hik ha i ay mmuiy wh

h mai v i h lak halh

vi, h puli fial i hag will alla

a igg pp puli u puli

halh. A all, h wa kp ad ia

plial upp hi x mia.

hi i a idi mhaim iz i

hi l a v iu puli xpdi-

u. I d i i a pi m

axpay iu puli xpdiu; i i

ad h pliia i gai ap-

pval, ad, ulmaly, v. suh idi

mhaim will h uj h p-

aalyi. rah, hi pap will u di-

mhaim availal iz.

Amg h a ha gag i di

mhaim a i gup. I advad

dmai uh gup aly y i-

u udg ga7 pm hi

pp i. ev hugh, h gup

a md y pliia u y ax-

pay, hy gally pm h i

ai ui , ad h

gula axpay. h, avi i- gup a a l gula iz

iu puli xpdiu.

A m v di mhaim

iz i wha plial i all Pk

7 h alhli vag iduy i h Uid sa,ha mak pu a du i h udg h am-paig agai h ump alhl, wuld uh axampl.

The access o inormaton law,

i ully undersood, has he

poental o be a mechanism

or citzens o infuence

public expendiure


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124

Taspaca Mcaas Ss

bal8. I i i paulai xpdi-

u, hi i, h dipi h alla-

ig a paula gup gi. A

xampl will uul udad hi mh-

aim. L imagi ha a gma m

Flida aim ia h puli udg

uidiz ag pdu i hi a, kwig

ha hi uld hlp him ata m v i

h x l. Ah a wuld a -

gwma wh wa alla u

uild a idg mmuia h w mai

w i h dii. I h h pj

a appvd, hy a idd Pk bal.

hi kid xpdiu a idd

if i i a mi , au i

paula a h xp -

u ha uld allad puli gd

ha a igg um axpay. Hw-

v, Pk bal i h m v

mhaim ha iz a u iu

h alla puli ud. h ky lm

mak Pk bal v i h piil-

iy l f ial. ha i hw gm

m piv hi dii i.

I h Mxia a, h -l lgila-

i idd y h cu. I ui

wh l i pmitd, a iadqua d-

ii y a gma a au hi upp-

da hi upp, whih a vu-

ally lad l l. I h Uid sa,

Pk bal i a v mhaim au

gm a aligd wih hi pa-

, u wih hi l p9. I

Mxi, hwv, iual mhaim ha

allw v wad puih hi g-

ma hi havi d xi.10hu, Pk

8 s: Kh A. shpl ad bay r. Wiga, PlialP h Pk bal: A Galiza, AmericanJournal o Politcal Science Vl. 25, n. 1 (1981), pp. 96-111.

9 A pav i idd diiplid wih hipay, wh h h alway v i lk wih h hmm hi pay, gadl wha h p v- wh k him cg migh . hi d ma hah pav d v i lk mm. A p-av will v i lk wih i pay wh dig i agai h p h la i hi dii.

10 I hi gad, i ha d ha [...] a agum immdia l h lgila i ha i allw likauailiy iz y givig hm h ailiy wad puih h ipav. I pliymak a hav a m-m i wih h puli, hy mu ly hm [ ay i -. Huma Dvlpm rp Mxi, 2011.UNDP, p.180.

bal a a ual l i h Mxi-

a a ga a mhaim axpay

iu puli u alla

Giv ha h did adial mha-

im a a v mhaim

Mxia axpay, a ima -

u a w ppuiy iu puli

xpdiu.

Accss ifmat: A T ifluc Pubc epuI 2002, wh h Ley Federal de Transparen-

cia y Acceso a la Inormacin Pblica Guber-

namenal wa ad i Mxi, a i

ama k pla wihi h puli

admiia11. epially, puli ima

ha iaigly ivd a h ppy

iz, ah ha a a pgav pli-

ia. civil va i Mxi a iu

ig vd aly. Hwv, apa m

ha, a ima ha pd piili-

ha a wh xpld.

Amg h vi ha h IFAI (Fd-

al Iu A Ima ad

Daa P) ha lvd, h a may

a lad puli u alla. h

IFAI ha h mada lv vi

lad a puli ima. Wh a

p qu ima a dal y

dpam, ad h ima i did,

h iz ha h igh ak h IFAI viw

h dii. eah a i aigd a cm-

mii wh udi h a ad p a

pj h h cmmii, whih a

a) j h appal au i i ay

law upd i; ) m h dii

h dpam y whih h qu

wa mad; ) vk mdiy h dii

ad qui h dpam y allwh id pay a h qud

ima. h, all cmmii v ad

did i h ima i mad puli i

11 A llaal i wha I hav alld a il admii-av m, pmd y h la Ly Fdal d apa-ia y A a la Imai Plia Guamal. s: ii-dad Zaldva, gl, La ransparencia y el acceso a la inormacincomo poltca pblica y su impaco en la sociedad y el gobierno ,Migul gl Pa, 2006.


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126

Taspaca Mcaas Ss

1. h p iz awa h pw-

h l a hi dipal. A d,

igl ima qu a hav

a maj impa. Hwv, hi hap-

p, ppl mu xi hi igh wih

awa i implia. h hal-

lg ializig h igh a

puli ima u i Mxi,

ad i ligh h xpd av, i ig-

ia m ga.

2. h ima pvidd y h gv-

m d lva ad uul,

ly h applia, u ay i-

z. Ply uud -maagal

daaa a litl valu h u.

Ima a ly m a gui i-

um h puli i i ha ai l-

va h puli. I hi gad, David

eav a p gvm avi m

caada- mphaizd duig h VIII na-

al Wk apay15, ha h

a h quim daa -

idd p: i) h daa a ly -

idd xi, i i i pil idx h

daa ad aily ah wihi h daa; ii)

h daa i ly uul, i i m i l-

i ma, ad iii) h lgal amwk

ha allw h u h daa, a ly

h a daa d mpw h

iz. h p h di

(piiliy idxig ad ah, l-

i ma, ad u) i wha w ma

y lva ad uul daa16.

3. A ivil iy ha ala h ima-

aid hugh h law i a puh

axpay i. I h h -

di w giv, h igh h a

ima wuld ha i apaiy a

a mhaim ha mpw iz givig

idividual l iu h diiu- puli u. A a qu,

h hallg apay i Mxi

pially h IFAIi gh h

av-md di.

15 h VIII naal Wk apay k pla duigh wk spm, 2011.

16 Ima availal a: hp://.iai.g.mx/dwlad/PAneL6VersIon.pd

I hi vi, h igh a i-

ma ah i ull pal a a l

mpw iz, h x p axpay

will h di iu v h dii

wha i a piiy i puli xpdiu. axpay-

hav h igh kw h a vy dl-

la ha h gvm pd. h hallg

h uu i d way pvid iz

wih iual mhaim iu h

diiu ad alla puli u,

i ada wih hi ad i.

I h a uh mhaim, whih

wuld h y d idiv idual pa-

ipa i h alla puli u,

apay ad a puli ima

p a widw ppuiy iz

ad ivil iy pla hi pii h

puli agda. h piili md

h dv at i d gh

h igh a ima ad i u-

ul ad lva a a puli l.

rfcs

eav, David, sgaphi vi h

Pal: apay: a w ga, hp://

.iai.g.mx/dwlad/2Davideav.pd

Uid na Dvlpm Pgam,

Huma Dvlpm rp Mxi,

UNDP, 2011, hp://hd.udp.g//p/

aial/laiamiahaia/mxi/

nHDr_Mxi_2011.pd

shpl, K.A. ad b. r. Wiga,

Plial P h Pk bal:

A Galiza,American Journal o Politcal

Science, Vl. 25, n. 1, pp. 96-111, 1981.

ska, s. ad c. Wlzi, opii-PliyDyami: Puli P ad Puli

expdiu i h Uid Kigdm, Britsh

Journal o Politcal Science, Vl. 35: p. 665-

689, 2005.

iidad Zaldva, A., La apaia y l

a a la imai m pla plia

y u impa la idad y l gi,

Mexico: Miguel ngel Porra, 2006.


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2.6.3 Mexico – Access to Information as a New Tool to Empower Citizens in the Decision Making...

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