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Nokia Siemens Networks

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SURPASS hiT 7025 4.1

Technical Manual

A42022-L5974-A151-2-7618

Technical Manual

2 (132) Nokia Siemens Networks

A42022-L5974-A151-2-7618Issue: 2 Issue date: Sep 2007

The information in this document is subject to change without notice and describes only the product defined in the introduction of this documentation. This documentation is intended for the use of Nokia Siemens Networks customers only for the purposes of the agreement under which the document is submitted, and no part of it may be used, reproduced, modified or transmitted in any form or means without the prior written permission of Nokia Siemens Networks. The documentation has been prepared to be used by professional and properly trained personnel, and the customer assumes full responsibility when using it. Nokia Siemens Networks welcomes customer comments as part of the process of continuous development and improvement of the documentation. The information or statements given in this documentation concerning the suitability, capacity, or performance of the mentioned hardware or software products are given as is and all liability arising in connection with such hardware or software products shall be defined conclusively and finally in a separate agreement between Nokia Siemens Networks and the customer. However, Nokia Siemens Networks has made all reasonable efforts to ensure that the instructions contained in the document are adequate and free of material errors and omissions. Nokia Siemens Networks will, if deemed necessary by Nokia Siemens Networks, explain issues which may not be covered by the document. Nokia Siemens Networks will correct errors in this documentation as soon as possible. IN NO EVENT WILL NOKIA SIEMENS NETWORKS BE LIABLE FOR ERRORS IN THIS DOCUMENTATION OR FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL OR ANY LOSSES, SUCH AS BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF PROFIT, REVENUE, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY OR DATA,THAT MAY ARISE FROM THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OR THE INFORMATION IN IT. This documentation and the product it describes are considered protected by copyrights and other intellectual property rights according to the applicable laws. The wave logo is a trademark of Nokia Siemens Networks Oy. Nokia is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation. Siemens is a registered trademark of Siemens AG. Other product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks of their respective owners, and they are mentioned for identification purposes only. Copyright Nokia Siemens Networks 2007. All rights reserved.

f Important Notice on Product Safety Elevated voltages are inevitably present at specific points in this electrical equipment.Some of the parts may also have elevated operating temperatures. Non-observance of these conditions and the safety instructions can result in personal injury or in property damage. Therefore, only trained and qualified personnel may install and maintain the system. The system complies with the standard EN 60950-1 / IEC 60950-1. All equipment connected has to comply with the applicable safety standards. The same text in German: Wichtiger Hinweis zur Produktsicherheit In elektrischen Anlagen stehen zwangslufig bestimmte Teile der Gerte unter Spannung. Einige Teile knnen auch eine hohe Betriebstemperatur aufweisen. Eine Nichtbeachtung dieser Situation und der Warnungshinweise kann zu Krperverletzungen und Sachschden fhren. Deshalb wird vorausgesetzt, dass nur geschultes und qualifiziertes Personal die Anlagen installiert und wartet. Das System entspricht den Anforderungen der EN 60950-1 / IEC 60950-1. Angeschlossene Gerte mssen die zutreffenden Sicherheitsbestimmungen erfllen

Technical Manual

A42022-L5974-A151-2-7618 Issue: 2 Issue date: Sep 2007


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Statements of compliance

CE statement

The CE conformity declaration for the product is fulfilled when the system is built and cabled in line with the information given in the manual and the documentation specified within it, such as installation instructions, cable lists or the like. Where necessary project-specific documentation should be taken into consideration. Deviations from the specifications or independent modifications to the layout, such as use of cable types with lower screening values for example, can lead to violation of the CE protection requirements. In such cases the conformity declaration is invalidated. The responsibility for any problems which subsequently arise rests with the party responsible for deviating from the installation specifications.

Technical Manual



Contents

1 Notes on this Documentation............................................................... 9 1.1 Customer Documentation........................................................................ 9 1.2 Complementary Documents .................................................................. 10 1.3 Symbols Used in the Customer Documentation.................................... 10 1.3.1 Symbol for Warnings ............................................................................. 10 1.3.2 Symbols for Notes ................................................................................. 10 1.3.3 Symbols for Menu Displays and Text Inputs ......................................... 11 1.4 Notes on Licensed Software.................................................................. 11 1.5 Standard Compliance ............................................................................ 11

2 Introduction.......................................................................................... 13 2.1 Application Types .................................................................................. 14 2.1.1 Terminal Multiplexer Type ..................................................................... 14 2.1.2 Add/Drop Multiplexer Type .................................................................... 15

3 Overview of the Main Features........................................................... 16

4 Network Applications.......................................................................... 19 4.1 Terminal-to-Terminal Topologies........................................................... 19 4.2 Linear Topologies with Add/Drop Function............................................ 20 4.3 Ring Network Functionality.................................................................... 21 4.3.1 Single Ring ............................................................................................ 21 4.3.2 Dual Ring Interworking .......................................................................... 22 4.4 Data Service Applications...................................................................... 23 4.4.1 Ethernet Private Line (EPL)................................................................... 23 4.4.2 Ethernet Virtual Private Line (EVPL) ..................................................... 24 4.4.3 Ethernet Private LAN (EPLan)............................................................... 25

5 System Description ............................................................................. 27 5.1 Subrack ................................................................................................. 27 5.2 Basic Functions ..................................................................................... 28 5.2.1 User Data Interfaces.............................................................................. 29 5.2.2 Switch Fabric Functions ........................................................................ 30 5.2.3 Multiplex and Mapping Functions .......................................................... 31 5.3 Ethernet functions.................................................................................. 33 5.4 Clock Pulse Supply, Synchronization .................................................... 34 5.4.1 Available Timing Sources ...................................................................... 35 5.4.2 T0 System Clock ................................................................................... 35 5.4.3 Timing Output Interface ......................................................................... 36 5.4.4 Real Time Clock .................................................................................... 36 5.5 Retiming ................................................................................................ 36 5.6 Laser Safety Shut-down ........................................................................ 37 5.7 External Alarm Interfaces ...................................................................... 37 5.8 Engineering Order Wire......................................................................... 37

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5.9 Software/Firmware .................................................................................38 5.10 Protection Architecture...........................................................................38 5.10.1 Traffic Protection ....................................................................................39 5.10.2 Equipment Protection.............................................................................40 5.11 Operating Terminal TNMS-M SURPASS hiT 7025 LCT ........................41 5.12 Connection to Network Management Systems ......................................42 5.12.1 SURPASS NE connect to TNMS ...........................................................42 5.12.2 SMA NE connect to TNMS.....................................................................43 5.12.3 Third-party DCC transparency ...............................................................44 5.12.4 ECC Application .....................................................................................44

6 Components of the SURPASS hiT 7025.............................................46 6.1 Subrack and Slot Arrangement ..............................................................47 6.2 List of Cards Supported..........................................................................49 6.3 Power Supply Card: PWR......................................................................50 6.4 Fan Tray.................................................................................................51 6.5 System Controller Card: SC...................................................................51 6.6 System Interface Card: ST-CLK.............................................................53 6.7 Cross-connect and Timing Card.............................................................55 6.7.1 Cross-connect Architecture and Capacity ..............................................55 6.7.2 Timing Function......................................................................................57 6.7.3 STM-N Interface.....................................................................................58 6.7.4 CC Card Faceplate and LEDs................................................................60 6.8 Optical STM-4 Interface Card: 1 STM-4..............................................61 6.9 Optical/Electrical STM-1 Interface Card: 2 STM-1 ..............................62 6.10 Electrical 155Mbps Interface Card: 2 STM-1E (W/P), 2

STM-1E IO .............................................................................................64 6.11 Electrical 34/45 Mbps Interface Card: 3 E3/DS3 (W/P), 3

E3/DS3 IO ..............................................................................................66 6.12 Electrical 2 Mbps Interface Card 21 E1 (W/P), 21 E1 I/O ................69 6.13 Gigabit Ethernet Interface Card: 1 GE /T ...........................................72 6.14 Fast Ethernet Interface 8 FE/T ............................................................75 6.15 Fast Ethernet Interface Card 8 FE/L2 .................................................79 6.16 Optical Amplifier Card: OA .....................................................................82

7 System Control and Monitoring..........................................................85 7.1 Indicating and Operating Elements of the Network Element..................87 7.1.1 Operating Devices of the SURPASS hiT 7025.......................................87 7.1.2 Operating and Display Elements of the Cards .......................................87 7.2 Control and Monitoring by TNMS-M Network Management

System ...................................................................................................88 7.2.1 TNMS-M SURPASS hiT 7025 LCT........................................................88 7.2.2 TNMS-M.................................................................................................89 7.3 Management System Protection ............................................................91 7.4 NE Software ...........................................................................................91 7.4.1 Application Management Module ...........................................................92 7.4.2 Hardware Driver Modules.......................................................................93

Technical Manual



7.4.3 Real-Time Multi-Task Operation System............................................... 93 7.4.4 SNMP Agent.......................................................................................... 93 7.4.5 MIB Management Module ..................................................................... 94 7.4.6 Management Protocols and DCC.......................................................... 94

8 Commissioning and Maintenance ..................................................... 95 8.1 Commissioning ...................................................................................... 95 8.2 Maintenance .......................................................................................... 95

9 Technical Data ..................................................................................... 96 9.1 Traffic Interfaces.................................................................................... 96 9.1.1 Optical STM-16 Interfaces..................................................................... 97 9.1.2 Optical STM-4 Interfaces..................................................................... 104 9.1.3 Optical STM-1 Bidirectional SFP ......................................................... 105 9.1.4 Optical STM-1 Interfaces..................................................................... 106 9.1.5 Optical STM-1 Bidirectional SFP ......................................................... 107 9.1.6 Optical Amplifier (OA).......................................................................... 108 9.1.7 Electrical 155 Mbps Interface .............................................................. 111 9.1.8 Electrical 45 Mbps Interfaces (E 32 according ITU-T G.703) .............. 111 9.1.9 Electrical 34 Mbps Interfaces (E 31 according ITU-T G.703) .............. 112 9.1.10 Electrical 2 Mbps Interfaces ................................................................ 112 9.1.11 Gigabit Ethernet Interface, Optical ...................................................... 113 9.1.12 Gigabit Ethernet Interface 1000 BaseT, Electrical............................... 114 9.1.13 Fast Ethernet Interfaces 100 Base-T, Electrical .................................. 115 9.1.14 Electrical Ethernet Interfaces 10 Base-T ............................................. 116 9.2 Control Interfaces ................................................................................ 116 9.2.1 SNMP/TCP/IP/Ethernet for Network Management System................. 117 9.3 Signalling Interfaces ............................................................................ 117 9.3.1 Fault Indication and Services Status LEDs ......................................... 117 9.3.2 Alarm Contacts .................................................................................... 118 9.3.3 MDI/MDO Interfaces for Customer-specific Channels......................... 118 9.3.4 EOW Interface ..................................................................................... 118 9.4 Interfaces for Network Clock Synchronization..................................... 119 9.4.1 2048-kbit/s Interface ............................................................................ 119 9.5 Switching and Delay Times ................................................................. 120 9.5.1 MSP Line Protection Switching ........................................................... 120 9.5.2 SNC/I and SNC/N Path Protection Switching...................................... 121 9.6 Power Supply ...................................................................................... 122 9.7 Environmental Conditions.................................................................... 123 9.7.1 Climatic Conditions.............................................................................. 123 9.7.2 Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC .................................................... 123 9.8 Dimensions in mm ............................................................................... 124 9.9 Weights in kg ....................................................................................... 125

Abbreviations..................................................................................................... 127

Summary of changes



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Summary of changes

Issue Issue date Remarks 1 June 2007 Initial version 2 September 2007 MDI/MDO electrical characteristics updated

Notes on this Documentation



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1 Notes on this Documentation 1.1 Customer Documentation

The Customer Documentation of the SURPASS hiT 7025 comprises the following descriptions and manuals:

Technical Manual

The Technical Manual gives an overview of the application, performance features, interfaces and functions of the SURPASS hiT 7025. It also contains the most important technical data.

ii Note The Technical Manual does not contain any instructions to be carried out.

Installation and Test Manual The Installation and Test Manual contains instructions on mounting, connecting, and commissioning the SURPASS hiT 7025, and connecting and commissioning the LCT operating terminals.

Troubleshooting Manual The Troubleshooting Manual provides information about the alarm list SURPASS hiT 7025 supports and troubleshooting procedures.

LCT User Manual




The LCT User Manual provides information about the LCT (features, configuration, installation, etc.) and how to operate, monitor and maintain the SURPASS hiT 7025 using the Element Manager software (Application Software) running on the LCT.

ii Note Besides the LCT User Manual, the Online Help of the SURPASS hiT 7025 software is of high importance for the operator.

1.2 Complementary Documents

In addition to the SURPASS hiT 7025 customer documentation listed in Chapter 1.1, there is further documentation:

SURPASS hiT 7025 Release Note

This document identifies the specific version of the SURPASS hiT 7025 and provides information on Hardware, Software, LCT components and the limitations of the release as well as important notes concerning the customer documentation.

1.3 Symbols Used in the Customer Documentation

1.3.1 Symbol for Warnings

!! WARNING This symbol identifies notes which, if ignored, can result in personal injury or in permanent damage to the equipment.

1.3.2 Symbols for Notes

ii Note Information which extends beyond the immediate context.




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Cross reference to other chapters in this manual or reference to other manuals.

Help Reference to the online help system of the Element Manager software.

1.3.3 Symbols for Menu Displays and Text Inputs

Menu options from pop-up menus or inputs to be made by the user (texts, commands) are displayed consecutively in their hierarchical sequence in pointed brackets:

etc.

1.4 Notes on Licensed Software

This documentation refers to software products which were taken over from other companies as licenses.

Should problems arise, you should contact Nokia Siemens Networks as the licensee and not the relevant licenser.

1.5 Standard Compliance

The SURPASS hiT 7025 is in compliance with the following standards (as applicable):

Electronic Industry Association (EIA)

European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

IEEE 802.1Q Virtual LANs IEEE 802.1p Traffic Class Expediting and Dynamic Multicast Filtering IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD Access Method International Telecommunication UnionTelecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) Recommendations

G.703 Physical/Electrical Characteristics of Hierarchical Digital Interfaces G.7041/Y1303 Generic Framing Procedure (GFP)




G.7042/Y1305 Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS) for Virtual Concatenated Signals

G.707/Y1322 Network Node Interface for the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)

G.774 SDH Management Information Model for Network Element View G.781 Synchronization Layer Functions G.783 Characteristics of Synchronization Digital Hierarchy (SDH)

Equipment Functional Blocks

G.784 Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) Management G.803 Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) Transport Network

Architecture

G.813 Timing Characteristics of SDH Equipment Slave Clocks (SEC) G.823 Control Of Jitter and Wander within Digital Networks which are

Based On The 2048 Kbit/s Hierarchy

G.825 The Control of Jitter and Wander Within Digital Networks which are based on the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)

G.826 Error Performance Parameters and Objectives For International, Constant Bit-Rate Digital Paths At Or Above The Primary Rate

G.828 Error Performance Parameters and Objectives For International, Constant Bit Rate Synchronous Digital Paths

G.829 Error Performance Events for SDH Multiplex and Regenerator Sections

G.831 Management Capabilities Of Transport Networks Based on the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)

G.841 Types and Characteristics of SDH Network Protection Architectures

G.842 Interworking of SDH Network Protection Architecture G.957 Optical Interfaces for Equipment and System Relating to the

Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

G.958 Digital Line Systems Based on the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy for Use on Optical Fibre Cables

G.664 Optical Safety Procedures and Requirements for Optical Transport System

M.3010 Principles for a Telecommunications Management Network. M.3300 TMN F Interface Requirements

Introduction



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2 Introduction SURPASS hiT 7025 is a multi-service provisioning platform with add/drop, terminal and cross-connect functionality for universal installation at all network levels.

All applications can be implemented using a single subrack. Reconfiguration during operation is possible.

SURPASS hiT 7025 transports data signals and standard voice based traffic over one single platform. For transporting data in the most economic way, SURPASS hiT 7025 combines technologies such as Generic Framing Procedure (GFP) and Link Capacity Assignment Scheme (LCAS) with the reliability and robustness of SDH networks and a quality of service.

SURPASS hiT 7025 provides full cross-connectivity between all interfaces. The capacity of the switching fabric is up to 97 97 VC-4 (15 Gbps) equivalents. This applies to the VC-4 layer and to all cross-connection types (unidirectional, bidirectional and broadcast).

SURPASS hiT 7025 can be used as

TMX (terminal multiplexer) ADM (add/drop multiplexer) In multiservice transport and aggregation network applications.

State-of-the-art protection switching mechanisms are supported to enable an optimum network with the very highest reliability possible depending on the relevant network topology and the requirements of the network operator, see Chapter 5.10.

For detailed information about the features of SURPASS hiT 7025 see Chapter 3.

Introduction



2.1 Application Types

In Chapters 2.1.1 to 2.1.2, an overview on usage of the SURPASS hiT 7025 is provided.

2.1.1 Terminal Multiplexer Type

The SURPASS hiT 7025 terminal multiplexer (TMX type) can be used in such configurations as point-to-point connections or as feeder terminal for traffic aggregation to core networks.

hiT 7025

2 Mbps (PDH)34/45 Mbps (PDH)155 Mbps (STM-1, o/e)622 Mbps (STM-4)Fast EthernetGigabit Ethernet

155 Mbps (STM-1)/622 Mbp/s (STM-4)/2.5 Gbps (STM-16)

155 Mbps (STM-1)/622 Mbps (STM-4)/2.5 Gbps (STM-16)

Fig. 2.1 Terminal Multiplexer (TMX)

The terminal multiplexer (Fig. 2.1) is equipped with a switching network thus provides cross-connectivity between all available line and tributary interfaces on VC-4, VC-3 and VC-12 levels, Fast Ethernet as well as Gigabit Ethernet.

The capacity of the High Order (HO) switching fabric is 97 97 VC-4s, and the capacity of the Low Order (LO) switching network is 2016 2016 VC-12s. Therefore, the SURPASS hiT 7025 has adequate ability to support multiple interfaces for star topology.

In addition to the TMX functionality, tributary to tributary connectivity is also possible.

Introduction



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2.1.2 Add/Drop Multiplexer Type

The SURPASS hiT 7025 add/drop multiplexer (ADM type) provides add and drop functionality for the tributary traffic to the aggregate to 155 Mbps, 622 Mbps or 2.5 Gbps line side (see Fig. 2.2).

hiT 7025

2 Mbit/s (PDH)34/45 Mbit/s (PDH)155 Mbit/s (STM-1, o/e)622 Mbps (STM-4)Fast EthernetGigabit Ethernet



West East

Fig. 2.2 Add/Drop Multiplexer (ADM)

The add/drop multiplexer type is equipped with a switching network and provides cross-connectivity between all line and tributary interfaces on VC-4, VC-3, VC-12 level, Fast Ethernet interfaces as well as Gigabit Ethernet.

The SURPASS hiT 7025 supports multiple ring termination on signal NE.

Overview of the Main Features



3 Overview of the Main Features Subrack Type

5.5 RU height, 1 system control card, 2 CC cards, 1 ST-CLK card, 2 power cards, 1 fan tray, 4 I/O interfaces and 8 traffic slots

Switch Fabric Fully non-blocking switching fabric 15 Gbps switching capacity with VC-4 granularity and 5 Gbps

switching capacity with VC-12 granularity

7 Gbps switching capacity with VC-4 granularity and 2.5 Gbps switching capacity with VC-12 granularity

Interface Types STM-16 optical interfaces STM-4 optical interfaces STM-1 optical interfaces STM-1 electrical interfaces 34/45 Mbps electrical interfaces 2 Mbps electrical interfaces 10/100 Base-Tx electrical interfaces 1000 Base-X optical interfaces Optical Amplifier (OA) interfaces

NE features Virtual Concatenation (VC-4, VC-3, VC-12) Link Capacity Adjust Scheme (VC-4-16C, VC-4-4C, VC-4, VC-3, VC-

12)

G.813 internal oscillator STM-N line timing Retiming




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Transparent DCC (MS/RS/MS+RS) Near end performance monitoring Far end performance monitoring Automatic Software downloads Auto link detection Optical Amplifier VoIP EOW over DCC Traditional EOW over E1/E2/F1

Hardware Protection 1+1 Power Unit Protection 1+1 Switch Fabric and Clock Unit Protection 1+1 Hardware Protection for STM-1E electrical interfaces 1:1 Hardware Protection for E3/DS3 electrical interfaces 1:N (N 3)Hardware Protection for E1 electrical interfaces

Traffic Protection SNCP/I or SNCP/N for VC-12/VC-3/VC-4/VC-4-4C MSP (1+1) for STM-16/4/1/1E 2-fiber shared ring protection for STM-16/4 (MS-SPRing) Two node DNI (Dual Node Interworking) between two MS-SPRing

Ethernet Functionality GFP VCAT LCAS Transparent Local Area Network (LAN) transport Link aggregation in accordance to IEEE 802.3 Jumbo packet supported (9600 bytes) Virtual LAN 802.1q, double tagging Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) and Multiple Spanning Tree

Protocol (MSTP)

Rate limiting function Generic VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) snooping MAC Self Learning MAC address aging time configurable




Auto-negotiation TNMS-M Management

Single element management by TNMS-M SURPASS hiT 7025 LCT Service/Network/Element management by TNMS-M and TNMS core

Network Applications



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4 Network Applications The network elements can be used in a straightforward way of creating point-to-point connections, linear chain configurations and ring configurations.

According to customer requirements, the SURPASS hiT 7025 can be equipped for the following applications:

Terminal-to-terminal topologies (see chapter 4.1) Linear topologies with add/drop function (chains) (see chapter 4.2) Ring network functionality (see chapter 4.3)

4.1 Terminal-to-Terminal Topologies

Terminal-to-terminal links are supported by SURPASS hiT 7025 network elements in the TMX application, with the option of 1+1 MSP for STM-16/4/1 interfaces.

Fig. 4.1 shows a straightforward point to point network with one TMX at the transmitting end and another at the receiving end. It is using MSP protection switching.




hiT 7025

Tributaryinterfaces

STM-1/STM-4/STM-16

hiT 7025

Working

ProtectionSTM-1/STM-4/STM-16

Tributaryinterfaces

Line

Fig. 4.1 Terminal-to-Terminal Link

At the TMX, the client equipment is connected to the TMX through the tributary interfaces.

The use of MSP between the NEs is preferred for redundancy reasons but not mandatory.

4.2 Linear Topologies with Add/Drop Function

Linear chains are supported by SURPASS hiT 7025 network elements in the ADM application, with the option of 1+1 MSP for STM-16/4/1 interfaces.

TM

Tributaryinterfaces

STM-1/STM-4/STM-16

ADM

Working


Tributaryinterfaces

Line

STM-1/STM-4/STM-16

TM

Working


Line

Tributaryinterfaces

Fig. 4.2 Add/Drop Function within a Linear Chain




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An ADM is normally used at an intermediate site to add/drop client traffic. In

TM

Tributaryinterfaces

STM-1/STM-4/STM-16

ADM

Working


Tributaryinterfaces

Line

STM-1/STM-4/STM-16

TM

Working


Line

Tributaryinterfaces

Fig. 4.2, an ADM is located in between two TMXs. At the ADM, the selected traffic is added/dropped at VC-4, VC-3 or VC-12 level, while the through traffic is transparently passed through the node.

The use of MSP between the adjacent NEs is preferred for redundancy reasons but not mandatory.

4.3 Ring Network Functionality

SURPASS hiT 7025 supports various ring topologies including single ring, multiple ring closure and dual ring interworking.

4.3.1 Single Ring

The line speeds of the SURPASS hiT 7025 single ring can be STM-16, STM-4 or STM-1.




hiT 7025

Tributaryinterfaces

hiT 7025

hiT 7025

hiT 7025

2 fiber ringSTM-16/4/1

Fig. 4.3 Single Ring

4.3.2 Dual Ring Interworking

Two MS-SPRings working at STM-16 or STM-4 line speed can be interconnected and protected by the Dual Node Ring Interworking (DNI) protection mechanism applied by hiT 7025 system as depicted in Fig. 4.4.

A SURPASS hiT 7025 ring can also be dual interconnected with other SURPASS hiT rings such as hiT 7060, hiT 7030, or hiT 7020 rings to provide increased network reliability for inter-ring traffic.




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hiT 7025

hiT 7025

hiT 7025

hiT 7025

hiT 7025

hiT 7025

2 fiber ringSTM-16/4

2 fiber ringSTM-4

hiT 7025

hiT 7025

Fig. 4.4 Dual Ring Interworking

4.4 Data Service Applications

SURPASS hiT 7025 provides data transport over SDH, and offers various data applications in addition to traditional TDM applications.

The SURPASS hiT 7025 system supports the following data transmission services:

Ethernet Private Line (EPL) Ethernet Virtual Private Line (EVPL) Ethernet Private LAN (EPLan)

4.4.1 Ethernet Private Line (EPL) SURPASS hiT 7025 Ethernet Private Line Service offers dedicated, point-to-point Ethernet connectivity at Gigabit Ethernet rates (1000 Mbps) or Fast Ethernet connection (10 Mbps or 100 Mbps).




The EPL can be used to support applications such as LAN-to-LAN connectivity, storage area networking, Internet access or disaster recovery solutions.

hiT 7025

hiT 7025

hiT 7025

hiT 7025VC-12-Xv (X=1.46)

orVC-3-Xv (X=1.3)

FE

8 FE/T

8 WAN Ports

8LAN Ports (FE)

VC-4-Xvor

VC-3-Xv

1 x GE/T

1 WAN Port

1LAN Port (GE)

GE

FE

Fig. 4.5 Ethernet Private Line (EPL)

4.4.2 Ethernet Virtual Private Line (EVPL)

For the Ethernet Virtual Private Line, the customer still gets point-to-point connectivity, but over shared instead of dedicated bandwidth. Each node has the layer 2 switching capabilities to provide statistics multiplexing, per VLAN control and STP function, and Ethernet based rate limiting per VLAN or port.

The EVPL is useful when creating hub-and-spoke architectures in which multiple remote offices all require access to a headquarters or multiple customers all require access to an ISPs POP (point of presence).




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hiT 7025

hiT 7025

hiT 7025

hiT 7025VC-4-Xv

FE

FE

8 x FE/L2

VC-4-Xv

8FE (Client)

2 WAN ports

VC-4-Xv

Headquarter

Remote Office 1

Remote Office 2

FE

Fig. 4.6 Ethernet Virtual Private Line (EVPL)

4.4.3 Ethernet Private LAN (EPLan) The Ethernet Private LAN (EPLan) service provides multipoint connectivity over dedicated bandwidth, i.e., it may connect two or more subscribers (customer). Subscriber data sent from one customer can be received at one or more of the other customers. Each site (customer) is connected to a multipoint-to-multipoint EVC and uses dedicated resources so different customers Ethernet frames are not multiplexed together. As new sites (customers) are added, they are connected to the same multipoint EVC thus simplifying provisioning and service activation. From a subscriber standpoint, an EPLan makes the MSTP network look like a LAN.

EPlan (Ethernet Private LAN) architecture differs from EPL in that rather than use a predefined mapping between VLAN tags and link connections, the operators network equipment, uses Ethernet switching (i.e. Bridge learning) to pass Ethernet frames to the appropriate link. However this makes it difficult to




guarantee performance as network Ethernet switching introduces additional latency and probability of increased packet loss.

SURPASS hiT 7025 brings multiple WAN interfaces into layer 2 switching. Customer service can be delivered through dedicated VCGs with little latency and little packet loss. The WAN interface can be provisioned individually on the TNMS-M.

hiT 7025

hiT 7025

hiT 7025

hiT 7025

FEFE

FE

FE

8 FE/L2

8 FE (Client)

2 WAN ports

Multipoint to Multipoint EVC

Fig. 4.7 Ethernet Private LAN (EPLan)

System Description



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5 System Description The following sub-chapters give a functional and technical overview of the main features of the SURPASS hiT 7025 separated from the physical interfaces. For information about hardware relevant features please refer to Chapter 6.

5.1 Subrack

A picture of the SURPASS hiT 7025 is shown in Fig. 5.1.

The subrack is 5.5 RU high and the physical dimensions are 447 mm (W) x 244 mm (H) x 279 mm (D). It is designed to fit ETSI, EIA 300 and NEBS requirements.

Up to four SURPASS hiT 7025 subracks can be installed into a 2200 mm high ETSI rack, an EIA 310 19 rack or an NEBS rack. The space between the adjacent subracks should be at least 5-rack-units apart.

Fig. 5.1 SURPASS hiT 7025 Subrack

System Description



5.2 Basic Functions

MS OHProcess

RS OHProcess

HOCC/LO

CC

MS

Ove

rhead P

roce

ss

RS Ove

rhead

Proce

ss

VC M

apping

System Controller Timing controller

TNMS-M/TNMS-M SURPASS hiT 7025 LCT Output Input

External Timing

EthernetInterface

SDHInterface

PDHInterface

STM-NInterface

GFP

STM-NInterface

Line interfacesEast

Line interfacesWest

Tributary interfaces

L2 Switching

Fig. 5.2 shows the basic functional structure of SURPASS hiT 7025

System Description



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MS OHProcess

RS OHProcess

HOCC/LO

CC

MS

Ove

rhead P

roce

ss

RS Ove

rhead

Proce

ss

VC M

apping

System Controller Timing controller

TNMS-M/TNMS-M SURPASS hiT 7025 LCT Output Input

External Timing

EthernetInterface

SDHInterface

PDHInterface

STM-NInterface

GFP

STM-NInterface

Line interfacesEast

Line interfacesWest

Tributary interfaces

L2 Switching

Fig. 5.2 Functional Block Diagram

On the line side, the send/receive modules (SDH) carry out the conversion to optical/electrical signals. The SDH cards can be equipped with various transceiver modules (SFP modules) in several distance variants up to 2.5 Gbps.

On the tributary side, the SURPASS hiT 7025 supports various PDH, Ethernet and SDH interfaces.

The central element of SURPASS hiT 7025 includes system controller, cross-connect matrix and timing controller.

5.2.1 User Data Interfaces

SURPASS hiT 7025 can be equipped with the following interfaces:

System Description



Interface Type Bit Rate Connection Ports per Card

SDH 2.5 Gbps (STM-16) optical 1 (bidirectional)

SDH 622 Mbps (STM-4) optical 1 (bidirectional)

SDH 155 Mbps (STM-1) optical/electrical 2 (bidirectional)

PDH 34 Mbps or 45 Mbps electrical 3 (bidirectional)

PDH 2 Mbps electrical 21 (bidirectional)

Ethernet 10/100 Base-Tx electrical 8 (full duplex)

Ethernet 1000 Base-X optical 1 (bidirectional)

Tab. 5.1 User Interfaces

5.2.2 Switch Fabric Functions

The switching device provides high order (HO) and low order (LO) switching at the same time.

Capacity of the Cross-connect Matrix

The SURPASS hiT 7025 has the following non-blocking cross-connection capacity:

For CC + STM-16/4 card: HOCC: 15 Gbps (97 97 VC-4s) LOCC: 5 Gbps (2016 2016 VC-12s)

For CC + STM-4/1 card: HOCC: 7 Gbps (45 45 VC-4s) LOCC: 2.5 Gbps (1008 1008 VC-12s)

Cross-connection

The switch matrix is a non-blocking square structured matrix for point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connections. All types of cross-connections are possible.

Granularity

The configurable and simultaneously usable switching hierarchies of the matrix are VC-4-16C, VC-4-4C, VC-4, VC-3 and VC-12.

System Description



31 (132)

HO and LO VC-n Connectivity

The switching matrix allows the following connections:

Unidirectional connections Unidirectional point-to-multipoint (including 1+1 SNCP head end) Bidirectional connections Broadcasting (1 m, with m=4 for VC-4, m=12 for VC-3 and m=63 for VC-

12)

Drop and continue (broadcast 1 2 + SNCP tail end) Selector 2 1 (protected tail end for 1+1 SNCP)

Concatenation

Virtual concatenated VC-12, VC-3 and VC-4 signals are supported. Protection switching for virtual concatenated VC-12, VC-3 and VC-4 signals are also supported. The group of constituent paths that belong to a concatenated signal is determined by the Telecommunication Network Management and written to an internal configuration table. Using this information, the SURPASS hiT 7025 software is able to set signal fail or signal degrade alarms for all paths of a concatenated signal channel. In order to keep the (differential) delay of the signals low, all constituent paths of a concatenated signal must be on the same optical trail; it results in a bundling rule for the Telecommunication Network Management.

5.2.3 Multiplex and Mapping Functions

The SURPASS hiT 7025 transmits SDH and PDH signals.

Fig. 5.3 shows the organization and relationship of SDH and PDH multiplex structures.

Chapter 9.1 summarizes the possible user data interfaces for SURPASS hiT 7025 NEs.

System Description



VC-4

D45

AUG AU-4

D2

TUG-3

TUG-2

D34

TU-3 VC-3 C-3

VC-12 C-12

SDH PDH

3x

1x

3x

34 Mbit/s

45 Mbit/s

2 Mbit/s

Nx

7x

TU-12

STM-N

N = 1, 4 or 16

C-4

Fig. 5.3 SDH/PDH Multiplex Structures

5.2.3.1 SDH HO/LO Multiplexer and Mapping Functions

The SURPASS hiT 7025 implements the following HO/LO multiplexing and mapping methods: VC-4 containers are aligned (with frame offset information) with an AU-4,

according to ITU-T G.707. The AU-4 may further be mapped via AUG-1 into STM-1 or via AUG-1 and AUG-4 into STM-4.

VC-3 containers are aligned (with frame offset information) with a TU-3, according to ITU-T G.707. The TU-3 is further mapped via TUG-3 into VC-4.

VC-12 containers are aligned (with frame offset information) with a TU-12, according to ITU-T G.707. The TU-12 is further mapped via TUG-2 and TUG-3 into VC-4.

5.2.3.2 PDH Mapping into SDH Containers

The SURPASS hiT 7025 implements the following mapping of PDH signals on SDH containers: 2 Mbps signals are mapped into a VC-12 asynchronously, according to ITU-

T G.707. The VC-12 is further mapped on a VC-4, via TU-12, TUG-2 and TUG-3.

34 Mbps and 45 Mbps signals are mapped into a VC-3 asynchronously, according to ITU-T G.707. The VC-3 is further mapped on a VC-4, via TU-3 and TUG-3.

System Description



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5.2.3.3 Ethernet Packet Multiplexer and Mapping Functions

SURPASS hiT 7025 supports Ethernet frame mapping into SDH containers. In the process of mapping, the Ethernet frames are encapsulated into a certain format which is compatible with the Virtual Containers (VC). For SURPASS hiT 7025, the GFP protocol is used for the encapsulation.

GFP encapsulation

GFP is a robust encapsulation method which can adapt the data traffic to an octet synchronous transport network. GFP provides two kinds of mapping modes GFP-F (Framed) and GFP-T (Transparent) for different data traffic. In SURPASS hiT 7025, GFP-F is implemented when the Ethernet cards are configured in the standard Ethernet mode.

5.3 Ethernet functions

SURPASS hiT 7025 supports transparent transmission as well as Layer 2 (L2) switching function for Ethernet data.

Transparent LAN SURPASS hiT 7025 supports Ethernet transparent service which means the Ethernet frame is encapsulated to the SDH containers and transmitted directly without L2 switching.

Media Access Control (MAC) address forwarding SURPASS hiT 7025 supports up to 32 K MAC addresses on each Ethernet card, in which 2 K MAC addresses can be configured manually. Both multicast address and broadcast address are supported.

Access Control List (ACL) The system can generate a ACL table based on the MAC address. The MAC entries listed in the ACL table are forwarded or discarded in different modes.

VLAN

SURPASS hiT 7025 supports VLAN functions including VLAN tagging/detagging, filtering and forwarding, GVRP and up to 4096 VLAN IDs.

System Description



Flow control and rate limit

SURPASS hiT 7025 supports Ethernet flow control and input rate limit function to avoid traffic congestion. The LAN port rate limit ranges are from 128 Kbps to 100 Mbps for FE interfaces and from 128 Kbps to 1000 Mbps for GE interfaces in the step of 128 Kbps.

Link aggregation

SURPASS hiT 7025 supports link aggregation function on FE ports as well as GE ports for LAN or Wide Area Network (WAN) side.

GVRP SURPASS hiT 7025 supports GVRP which allows network devices to dynamically exchange VLAN configuration information with other devices according to IEEE 802.1q.

5.4 Clock Pulse Supply, Synchronization

Every network element (NE) clock may be synchronized by a very accurate timing source, normally by a primary reference source (PRC) according to the master-slave principle. The SETS is responsible for generation of system and output clock signals.

According to the ETSI recommendation, T3 to T1 are the synchronization timing sources, T0 is the internal NE system clock and T4 is the timing output interface.

Selection SETS

T4

T0

T2T1

T3

Fig. 5.4 Timing Source Selection

System Description



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5.4.1 Available Timing Sources

The SETS synchronization for the SURPASS hiT 7025 is derived from any of the following external ports:

From any STM-16/4/1 ports (T1) From an E1 tributary input (T2) From one of two external synchronization inputs (T3) From internal Stratum 3 clock (ITU-T G.813 Option 1) A SURPASS hiT 7025 NE can run in free running, holdover, or locked mode. The normal synchronous mode is locked mode. If all of the reference sources fail, the system switches to holdover mode.

A Synchronization Status Message (SSM) signal can be used to transfer the signal quality level throughout a network. This will guarantee that all network elements will always be synchronized to the highest quality clock available.

The SURPASS hiT 7025 supports SDH SSM algorithm on all STM-N interfaces and on the framed 2 Mbps synchronization output signal (connected to the station output clock):

SSM function support can be user provisioned as enabled or disabled. When the SSM function is disabled in the NE, all STM-N interfaces and framed 2 Mbps synchronization output signal interfaces will send out a DNU (do not use for sync) signal.

There are 4 possible quality levels specified in the SSM for timing reference sources: PRC, SSU-A, SSU-B, and SEC. In addition, DNU is specified in SSM. The quality of each timing reference source can either be retrieved from the incoming the SSM or provisioned from the network management system.

The SURPASS hiT 7025 supports the synchronization source switching algorithm based on SSM defined in ITU-T G.781.

The wait-to-restore (WTR) time for the timing reference source is between 0-12 minutes and can be set from the network management system in minute increments. The default value is 5 minutes.

5.4.2 T0 System Clock

The T0 system clocks are used in the NE for traffic processing, OH/DCC busses, internal system communication between the system controller and each card, and for the distribution of the absolute time.

T0 clocks to SC slot include the following three signals:

Clock signal 19.44 MHz; point to point distribution. Frame clock signal 8 kHz; point to point distribution.

System Description



Absolute time signal 1 Hz; point to point distribution. T0 clocks to each LC slot include the following three signals:

Clock signal 19.44 MHz; point to point distribution. Frame clock signal 8 kHz; point to point distribution. Absolute time signal 1 Hz; point to point distribution. All cards receive the T0 clocks.

5.4.3 Timing Output Interface

The System Management Interface Panel provides the following interfaces to offer synchronization to external devices:

2 Mbps (framed) 2 Mbps (unframed) 2 MHz

5.4.4 Real Time Clock

For time stamps (time and date) in SURPASS hiT 7025 error and operational messages, a real time clock is available (within the SETS).

The date and time for the real-time clock within the NE can be set and requested from LCT/OS.

5.5 Retiming

In the retiming mode, the transmitter eliminates wander and jitter in the incoming clock.

While the rate of the outgoing 2 Mbps or 2 MHz signal is normally equal to the rate of the 2 Mbps or 2 MHz signal going into the SDH network, occasionally this relationship disappears. A retiming function is necessary for suppression of jitter and wander that the 2 Mbps signal suffers during transmission in SDH and which makes the signal useless for carrying the synchronous frequency to the PDH domain.

To retime an outgoing 2 Mbps or 2 MHz signal means simply to retime this signal with the internal clock of the multiplexer equipment in which the desynchronization takes place. This can be done by reading the recovered 2 Mbps or 2 MHz signal into an elastic store and timing the output of the elastic store with the system clock.

System Description



37 (132)

When the device is set in the retiming mode all jitter and wander due to the multiplexing or demultiplexing process in the transmission is eliminated.

5.6 Laser Safety Shut-down

To prevent personal injury form emerging laser light in the case of the fiber break, SURPASS hiT 7025 supports Automatic Laser Shutdown (ALS) function according to ITU-T G.958 and ITU-T G.644. In the case of the signal failure at the optical receiver of SURPASS hiT 7025, the laser transmitter will be switched off automatically. After the receiver receives a valid signal again, the laser transmitter is then switched on automatically.

5.7 External Alarm Interfaces

Failures signalled by any cards are processed by the main controller of the device, which forwards the detected alarm information to the alarm interfaces. The alarm interfaces are accessible via an alarm connector.

The SURPASS hiT 7025 alarm interfaces provide two outputs:

Major urgent alarm (triggered by any Critical or Major alarms) Minor non-urgent alarm (triggered by any Minor alarms)

5.8 Engineering Order Wire

The SURPASS hiT 7025 system provides one RJ-45 connector for two output channels of E1, E2 Engineering Order Wire (EOW) channel and/or F1 user channel. The EOW interface (ITU-T Recommendation G.703 compliant) is located on the system controller module front panel.

Users may totally select all the channels of E1/E2 from the system, and will be terminated by the system. When E1, E2, and F1 bytes are not used, there will be only code 1 transmitted in these channels and the received will be ignored.

SURPASS hiT 70 XOW is an external box which connects the SURPASS hiT 7025 EOW interfaces via RJ-45 cable. It provides telephone links to connect one or more network elements by using the RSOH byte E1 and/or the MSOH byte E2 for EOW communication. On external XOW Box, there is one V.11 access for F1 channel, and the physical interface is DB15. And there is one RJ11 accessed for phone.

System Description



With an external box SURPASS hiT 70 XOW connected with the EOW interface through a RJ-45 connector, the one to one call or multiple parts conference call can be performed among the nodes in the network.

ii Note Traditional EOW over E1/E2/F1 is available for SURPASS hiT 7025. This solution is based on management mode. In this mode the SURPASS hiT 70 XOW can be managed via LCT or TNMS-M. Operators can assign or manage the telephone numbers in the box through the LCT or TNMS. At the same time the TNMS can obtain the state and events from the box.

5.9 Software/Firmware

The System Controller (SC) board is equipped with micro controllers for monitoring, controlling, and maintaining status information. They are programmed with embedded firmware held in Flash-EEPROMs.

A compact flash (CF) card is provided which can be installed in the system control card. All the software load of the NE is embedded in the CF card at the beginning. System gets the software from CF card while booting the NE for the first time. A new CF card with upgraded software will be provided during the system upgrade.

A software download facility is available. The download can be done remotely or locally via the element manager or local craft terminal.

The internal configuration database of the system can be uploaded and downloaded. It is stored redundantly and robust to any card failure.

Besides the configuration database, there are two embedded software images in System Controller. One is used by the active software and the other is for backup. During the system upgrade, new software will be downloaded and stored into the backup image memory bank. It will then be activated and the active image will be set as the new backup. Two software image designs can efficiently protect the system from system errors caused by wrong operation.

5.10 Protection Architecture

SURPASS hiT 7025 provides powerful network and equipment protection functions.

System Description



39 (132)

5.10.1 Traffic Protection

SURPASS hiT 7025 supports the following traffic protection functions in compliance with ITU-T G.841:

SNCP MSP 2-fiber MS-SPRing DNI

Each of the protection function is described as follows:

SNCP

SURPASS hiT 7025 supports both unidirectional and bidirectional SNCP protection on STM cards at VC-12, VC-3 and VC-4-Xv (X = 1, 4) levels. SNCP protection includes both inherently monitored SNCP/I and non-intrusively monitored SNCP/N. The protection switching time for SNCP is less than 50 ms.

MSP

SURPASS hiT 7025 supports 1+1 MSP function on STM-1, STM-1E, STM-4 and STM-16 interfaces.

In 1+1 MSP, one dedicated channel is reserved to protect only one working channel. The client traffic is always transmitted over the working and protection path simultaneously. In the case of the fiber break, the incoming traffic from the protection path will be selected automatically. All STM optical ports support both unidirectional and bidirectional 1+1 MSP functions in revertive and non-revertive modes.

2-fiber MS-SPRing

2-fiber MS-SPRing is a bidirectional ring in which both directions of traffic transmission use the same set of nodes under normal conditions. In the case of the failure on the working path, the traffic will be switched to the protection path. SURPASS hiT 7025 supports MS-SPRing at STM-16/4 level. The protection (detection and switching) is guaranteed to be finished within 50 ms. The wait-to-restore time is user configurable with a default value of 5 minutes.

DNI

SURPASS hiT 7025 supports DNI protection between two MS-SPRings.

System Description



5.10.2 Equipment Protection

SURPASS hiT 7025 provides the equipment protections as follows:

1: N Protection for electrical 2 Mbps interfaces

SURPASS hiT 7025 supports an optional 1: N (N=1 to 3) protection for the 2 Mbps PDH interface cards.

The automatic protection switching related information coming from the 21 E1 working board (or protection board) is sent to the system controller unit (SC). When an E1 1: N protection related defect is reported on the 21 E1 working board (or protection board) and correlated by software as a valid Protection Switch Request (PSR), the SC initiates a switch to the protection board (or the working board). As a result, the customer traffic will be forwarded through the protection bus to the protection card. The switch matrix will then select the traffic from the protection card.

In the normal state, the protection card can also provide the traffic service of lower priority. When the protection switching is to happen, the lower-priority service will be dropped.

1:1 Protection for electrical 34/45 Mbps interfaces

SURPASS hiT 7025 supports an optional 1:1 protection for the 34/45 Mbps PDH interface cards.

The automatic protection switching related information coming from the E3/DS3 working board (or protection board) is sent to the system controller unit (SC). When an E3/DS3 1: 1 protection related defect is reported on the E3/DS3 working board (or protection board) and correlated by software as a valid Protection Switch Request (PSR), the SC initiates a switch to the protection board (or the working board). As a result, the customer traffic will be forwarded through the protection bus to the protection card. The switch matrix will then select the traffic from the protection card.

In the normal state, the protection card can also provide the traffic service of lower priority. When the protection switching is to happen, the lower-priority service will be dropped.

1+1 Protection for electrical STM-1E interfaces

SURPASS hiT 7025 supports an optional 1+1 protection for the STM-1 electrical interfaces.

The automatic protection switching related information coming from the 2xSTM-1E working board (or protection board) is sent to the system controller unit (SC). When an E1 1+1 protection related defect is reported on working

System Description



41 (132)

board (or protection board) and correlated by software as a valid Protection Switch Request (PSR), the SC initiates a switch to the protection board (or the working board). As a result, the customer traffic will be forwarded through the protection bus to the protection card. The switch matrix will then select the traffic from the protection card.

1+1 Switch Fabric, Clock Unit and Power Unit Protection

In SURPASS hiT 7025 the SETS is integrated as a module inside the switch fabric card. Every NE can always be equipped with working and protection matrix/clock cards.

All the transmission functions and information within the working switching fabric will be duplicated and stored within the protection switching fabric, so that in case of failure, the protection switching fabric will take over the task of the defect switching fabric without any major delay.

From the SETS point of view, the working card will be configured as a master and synchronized to a reference source, while the protection card will be operating as a slave and synchronized to the working card.

In the event of failure of the working card, the protected card will take over the synchronization function from the defect card.

SURPASS hiT 7025 provide 1+1 power unit protection. In the event of failure of working power card, the protection power card will take over the power function from the defect card.

5.11 Operating Terminal TNMS-M SURPASS hiT 7025 LCT

Network elements can be operated and monitored via the software TNMS-M SURPASS hiT 7025 LCT software.

The TNMS-M SURPASS hiT 7025 LCT is used primarily for local management and commissioning of network elements. The LCT is connected via the Management Interface and allows for access to network element locally or remotely.

For further information about operation, control and monitoring via TNMS-M SURPASS hiT 7025 LCT operating terminals see TNMS-M SURPASS hiT 7025 LCT User Manual.

System Description



5.12 Connection to Network Management Systems

5.12.1 SURPASS NE connect to TNMS

Fig. 5.5 shows the integration of SURPASS hiT 7025 network elements in the TMN system. Access from the TMN to SURPASS hiT 7025 NEs is fulfilled via SNMP over TCP/IP/PPP or (direct access) and SNMP over TCP/IP/PPP or TCP/IP/HDLC or TCP/IP/OSILight (via dedicated SOH channels within traffic links DCCM or DCCR) interfaces.

OSILight is an IP over CLNS (Connectionless Network Service) Tunnel protocol stack. OsiLight lets IP traffic be transported over Connectionless Network Service; for instance, on the data communications channel (DCC) of OSI based SDH equipment. OsiLight enhances interactions with the CLNS network, allowing IP packets to be tunneled through the Connectionless Network Protocol (CLNP) to preserve TCP/IP services. The selection of PPP, HDLC, or OsiLight is user configurable.

hiT 7025 hiT 7025

TMN(Telecommunications Management Network)

EM(Element Manager)

F

IP over PPP or HDLC

SNMP over TCP/IP

hiT 7025OSI basedDCC

IP over OsiLight

IP over OsiLight

Fig. 5.5 Embedding of SURPASS hiT 7025 NEs in a TMN System

System Description



43 (132)

5.12.2 SMA NE connect to TNMS

Fig. 5.6 looking into below DCC interconnecting, the remote SMA devices (other Nokia Siemens Networks products such as hiT 7070, hiT 7300 .etc) are connected transparently to the management system using LAPD tunnel over GRE.

Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) is a mechanism for encapsulating any network layer protocol over any other network layer protocol. In the general case, a network layer packet, called the payload packet, is encapsulated in a GRE packet, which may also include source route information. The resulting GRE packet is then encapsulated in some other network layer protocol, called the delivery protocol, and then forwarded. The CLNP/GRE uses the CLNP PDU and ES-IS packet as payload and IPv4 as delivery protocol.

The GRE module is triggered with callback functions form the OSILight stack or the VxWorks networking system. The OSILight stack provided interface functions to register and unregister GRE Tunnel endpoints.

SMA1/4


EM(Element Manager)

F

SNMP over OSI

SMA1/4hiT7025

LADP/ GRE

LADP/ GRE

hiT7025IP based

DCC

Fig. 5.6 Using LADP tunnel over GRE to connect SMA to TMN System

While the systems DCC works in GRE Bypass mode, the system will transparently forward the DCC packet to another port regardless of any layer 2 or above protocol (either LAPD/OSI or HDLC/PPP).

System Description



5.12.3 Third-party DCC transparency

SURPASS hiT 7025 also support DCC transparency function in physical layer while the NE from other suppliers (third party) are connected to the TNMS system.

By using D1-D3 or D4-D12 channels, hiT 7025 can let the management information from third party NE pass through transparently (see Fig. 5.7).


EM(Element Manager)

F

SNMP over TCP/IP

Third party NE hiT7025DCC transparency

hiT7025DCC transparency DCC transparency

Third party NE

Fig. 5.7 Third party DCC transparency

5.12.4 ECC Application

SURPASS hiT 7025 also supports ECC function while the 7025 NEs are connected with third party SDH products in between.

By making E1 as the embedded communication channel, hiT 7025 can let the management information pass through all the third party NEs (see Fig. 5.8).

System Description



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EM(Element Manager)

F

SNMP over TCP/IP

Third party NEhiT7025E1 Transmission

hiT7025VC-12 E1 Transmission

Third party NE

Fig. 5.8 ECC application

Components of the SURPASS hiT 7025



6 Components of the SURPASS hiT 7025 This chapter explains the SURPASS hiT 7025 main system components.

SURPASS hiT 7025 system

Hardware Software Package TNMS-M LCT

ETS System Rack

SURPASS hiT 7025 Subrack

FAN

PWR

SC

ST-CLK

CC + 1 x STM-4/1

CC + 1 x STM-16/4

1 x STM-4

2 x STM-1

2 x STM-1E (W/P)

2 x STM-1E IO

3 x E3/DS3 (W/P)

3 x E3/DS3 IO

21 x E1 (W/P)

21 x E1 IO

1 x GE/T

8 x FE/L2

8 x FE/T

OA

TNMS-M LCT Software

TNMS-M LCT Hardware

1) Can be equipped with various pluggable optical transceiver modules (SFP)

2) Can be equipped with various pluggable electrical transceiver modules (SFP)

1)

1)

1)

1) 2)

1) 2)

Fig. 6.1 Overview of the System Components




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6.1 Subrack and Slot Arrangement

The SURPASS hiT 7025 NE includes one subrack and all cards are hot pluggable. The SURPASS hiT 7025 subrack consists of 1 SC slot, 2 power slots, 2 cross-connect slots, 1 ST-CLK slot, 8 traffic slots and 4 I/O slots which can be flexibly configured for interface cards usage.

The subrack layout (front view) is shown below (Fig. 6.2).

CC2

LC1

FanTray

CC1

SC

LC2

LC3

LC4

LC5

LC6

LC7

LC8

I/O1

I/O2

I/O3

I/O4

ST-CLK

PWR1

PWR2

Fig. 6.2 Subrack Slots




The subrack layout is shown below and the allowable cards in each slot are described in Tab. 6.1.

SLOT

Interface

SC

CC1

to

CC2

LC1

to

LC2

LC3

to

LC4

LC5

to

LC8

IO1

to

IO2

IO3

IO4

ST-CLK

PWR1

to

PWR2

FAN Max. number

of modules

SC 1

PWR 2

FAN 1

CC + 1 STM - 4/1 2

CC + 1 STM -16/4 2

ST-CLK 1

1 STM-4 1 4 or 8

2 STM-1 2 4 or 8

1 GE/T 8

8 FE/L2 2 or 4 3

8 FE/T 8

21 E1(W/P) 4(1:N protection N




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6.2 List of Cards Supported

SURPASS hiT 7025 supports following cards:

Card Name Explanation

Power Supply 1 -48V (range -40V ~ -72 V) power supply

Fan Unit Fan unit

Air Filter Air Filter

SC System controller

CC +1 STM4/1 Cross-connect and timing function card with one STM-4 or STM-1 line interface

CC + 1 STM16/4 Cross-connect and timing function card with one STM-16 or STM-4 line interface

ST-CLK Station clock input and output function

1 STM-4 Optical interface card

2 STM-1 Optical interface card

1 GE/T Transparent Ethernet interface card

8 FE/L2 Layer 2 Ethernet interface card

8 FE/T Transparent Ethernet interface card

21 E1 (W/P) 21 E1 electrical interface card with up to 1:3 protection function

21 E1 I/O 21 E1 electrical interface card

3 E3/DS3 (W/P) 3 E3/DS3 electrical interface card with 1:1 protection function

3 E3/DS3 I/O 3 E3/DS3 electrical interface card

2 STM-1E (W/P) 2 STM-1 electrical interface card with 1+1 protection function

2 STM-1E I/O 2 STM-1 electrical interface card

OA 1 channel uni-directional optical amplifier, can be used as pre-, post-, or inline amplification applications

Tab. 6.2 Overview of SURPASS hiT 7025 Cards

For more detailed information about the modules/cards see the following chapters.




6.3 Power Supply Card: PWR

The power supply card supports -48 V (range -40 V ~ -72 V) DC power. It converts the input supply voltage into regulated operating secondary voltages. The outputs are isolated from the input. All output circuits have a common reference point, which is connected to the grounding layers on the backplane.

There is one green LED labelled PWR on the module. LED ON indicates that the corresponding power supply is on; otherwise the power supply is off.

The power supply card is a pluggable module and is hot swappable. The SURPASS hiT 7025 supports dual -48 V DC power supply. There are two power supply slots located on the slot PWR1 and slot PWR2.

One power supply card can be equipped in any one of the power supply slots to support the whole system. Faceplate

Fig. 6.3 Power Card Faceplate

LEDs

LED Name Color Status Functional Description

ON Power is on Power Green

OFF Power is off

ON There are fault conditions presented in this card Fault Red OFF This card is in normal condition

Tab. 6.3 Power Card LEDs




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6.4 Fan Tray

SURPASS hiT 7025 has one fan tray to support subrack cooling. The fan tray is equipped with 4 fans and is located at the left of the subrack. The fan tray is replaceable when the system is in service.

Faceplate

SURPA

SS hiT7025

Fig. 6.4 Fan Tray Faceplate

6.5 System Controller Card: SC

Function

The SC card performs system control function. The SURPASS hiT 7025 system supports single system controllers. The system controller is equipped in the SC slot to manage the whole system.

Faceplate

Fig. 6.5 System Controller (SC) Card Faceplate




External Interfaces

Interface Description

CONSOLE RS232 interface, DB9 connector, local configuration interface

MDI 2 RJ-45 connectors to provide 8 MDI ports

MDIs are used to read the status of external alarm-points. Both the MDI description and severities are provisionable on the management system

MDO 1 RJ-45 connector to provide 4 MDO ports

MDOs are used to drive external devices. MDO actions are activated or deactivated manually by the management system

ALM RJ-45 alarm output interface, providing one audio and three video alarm control

EOW 1 RJ-45 connector for (E1, E2) and/or F1 user channel

The one to one call or multiple parts conference call can be performed among the nodes with an external box connected through this interface

MGMT RJ-45 connector, 1 10/100M Base-T management interface

RST SC card reset

LED TEST LED test button

ACO Alarm cut off button. The alarm outputs connected to the rack-top alarming module will be cut off by pushing the button once a time. System indicators (critical/major/minor LEDs) on the NE will not be suppressed

Suppress Alarm suppress button. The existing alarms (both audio and visible critical/major/minor LED indicators) on SI card will not be shown on the system and the rack-top alarm module when the button is pushed until the next alarm occurs

Tab. 6.4 System Controller (SC) Card Interface




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LEDs

Name Color Status Functional Description

ON This module is in the active mode ACTIVE Green

OFF This module is in the standby mode

ON Power is available to the system PWR Green

OFF Power is off

ON There are fault condition on this module FAULT Red

OFF There is no alarm on this module

ON One or more critical alarms are present

Flashing

One or more critical communication alarms are present, or any card is mismatch or faulty (Major alarm LED will flash at the same time)

CR Red

OFF No critical communication alarms are present, and card/system is in service

ON There are one or more major alarms present

Flashing When any optional service card is mismatch or faulty, Major alarm LED and Critical alarm LED will flash at the same time

MJ Orange

OFF No major alarms

ON There are one or more minor alarms present

MN Yellow OFF

No minor alarms

(Note: warning and indeterminate alarms wont turn the LED on.)

Tab. 6.5 SC Card LEDs

6.6 System Interface Card: ST-CLK

The SURPASS hiT 7025 equipment has a system interface card on the top of the chassis to provide two pairs of station clock input / output. See below:




Fig. 6.6 System Interface Card Panel

Interfaces

The following table lists the interface and control buttons on this panel:

Interface Functional description

IN (CLK) CC4 connector, 75 Ohm coaxial

2048 kbps (ITU-T G.703-6) or 2048 kHz (ITU-T G.703-10)

OUT (CLK) CC4 connector, 75 Ohm coaxial

2048 kbps (ITU-T .703) or 2048 kHz (ITU-T G.703-10)

Tab. 6.6 Rear System Management Interface Panel Interfaces

LEDs

Name Color Status Description

ON Power is available to the card PWR Green

OFF Power is off

ON There are fault conditions presented in this card FAULT Red OFF The card is normal condition

Tab. 6.7 System Management Interface Panel LEDs




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6.7 Cross-connect and Timing Card

SURPASS hiT 7025 provides two types of the CC cards: CC + 1 x STM-4/1 and CC + 1 x STM-16/4.

The CC cards provide cross-connect functions, timing functions and STM-4/1 or STM-16/4 optical interfaces. All their functions are described in the following sections.

6.7.1 Cross-connect Architecture and Capacity

The cross connection is a high order + low order switch fabric. The following types of cross-connections are possible on both cross-connection units:

Unidirectional Bidirectional Loop backs Multicast (1 to 4 for VC-4,1 to 21 for VC-3,1 to 63 for VC-12) CC + 1 x STM-4/1 card

The CC + 1 x STM 4/1 provides 7 Gbps HOCC (45 45 VC-4s) at VC-4 granularity and 2.5 Gbps LOCC (1008 1008 VC-12s) at VC-12 or VC-3 granularity. The switching matrix provides a non-blocking switching of traffics at VC-4, VC-4c, and VC-3 and VC-12 levels.

The cross-connect structure is shown in Fig. 6.7.




STM 4/1

HOCC: 7 GbpsLOCC: 2.5 Gbps

(1+1)

622 Mbps Bandwidth155 Mbps Bandwidth

LC7

LC8

LC5

LC6LC2

LC3

LC4

STM 4/1LC1

Fig. 6.7 CC + 1 x STM-4/1 Card Cross-connect Architecture

CC + 1 STM-16/4 card The CC + 1 STM-16/4 card provides 15 Gbps HOCC (97 97 VC-4s) at VC-4 granularity and 5 Gbps LOCC (2016 2016 VC-12s) at VC-12 or VC-3 granularity. The switching matrix provides a non-blocking switching of traffics at VC-4, VC-4c, VC-16c, VC-3 and VC-12 levels.

The cross-connect structure is shown in Fig. 6.8.




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STM 16/4

HOCC: 15 GbpsLOCC: 5 Gbps

(1+1)

2.5 Gbps Bandwidth622 Mbps Bandwidth

LC7

LC8

LC5

LC6LC2

LC3

LC4

STM 16/4LC1

Fig. 6.8 CC + 1 x STM-16/4 Card Cross-connect Architecture

6.7.2 Timing Function

The Timing function selects a recovered clock from one of the line inputs, a station clock from the central office (two independent connections are provided), an E1 tributary input, or an internal Stratum 3 (supports ITU-T G.813 Option 1 Stratum 3) reference (on the cross-connect and timing module) as the system-timing reference. Up to 8 candidate references may be selected among all STM-N, 2Mbps traffic ports and two 2 MHz or 2 Mbps external inputs in the system. Operator can identify up to four timing reference quality levels, which can be prioritized to provide protection. A slow-reference tracking loop allows the Timing function to synchronize to the recovered clock, which provides holdover if the reference is lost.

The System Timing References are: Station External Timing (2 Mbps or 2 MHz) input/output STM-N Optical Network Interfaces STM-1, E1 client Interfaces The SURPASS hiT 7025 can run in free running, holdover, or locked mode. The normal synchronous mode is locked mode. If all of the reference sources fail, the system switches to holdover mode. The accuracy of the local oscillator is 4.6 ppm over 20 years.




A Synchronization Status Message (SSM) signal can be used to transfer the signal quality level throughout a network. This will guarantee that all network elements will always be synchronized to the highest quality clock available.

The SURPASS hiT 7025 supports SDH SSM algorithm on all STM-N interfaces and on the framed 2 Mbps synchronization output signal (connected to the station output clock): SSM function support can be user provisioned as enabled or disabled.

When the SSM function is disabled in the NE, all STM-N interfaces and the framed 2 Mbps synchronization output signal interface will send out a DNU (do not use for sync) signal.

There are 4 possible quality levels specified in the SSM for timing reference sources: PRC, SSU-A, SSU-B, and SEC. In addition, DNU is specified in SSM. The quality of each timing reference source can either be retrieved from the incoming SSM or provisioned from the network management system.

The SURPASS hiT 7025 supports the synchronization source switching algorithm based on SSM defined in ITU-T G.781.

The wait-to-restore (WTR) time for timing reference source is between 0-12 minutes and can be set from the network management system in minute increments. The default value is 5 minutes.

6.7.3 STM-N Interface

The CC board provides 1 STM-4/1 or 1 STM16/4 optical interface. The interface is fully compliant with ITU-T G.707 and G.957 standards.

The current optical line interface on the CC card uses an SFP (Small Form-Factor Pluggable), with multiple SFP types for different transmission distance applications. The optical line interfaces also support ALS (Automatic Laser Shutdown) functionality and optical performance monitoring (including bias current, input optical power, and output optical power).




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External Interfaces


STM-16 optical interface LC connector

STM-16 SFP options: STM-16 (L16.3, 80 Km) STM-16 (L16.2, 80 Km) STM-16 (L16.1, 40 Km) STM-16 (S16.1, 15 Km)

DWDM options: DWDM 2.5 G SFP, 120 Km CWDM 2.5 G SFP

STM-16 SFP with OA options: STM-16 (L-16.2, 120 Km, with 13

dBm booster amplifier)

STM-16 (L-16.2, 160 Km, with 18 dBm booster amplifier)

DWDM SFP, 180 Km, with 18dBm booster amplifier at TX, DCM and Pre-optical amplifier at RX

STM-4 optical interface LC connector

STM-4 SFP options: STM-4 (V4.2 120 Km) STM-4 (L4.2 80 Km) STM-4 (L4.1 40 Km) STM-4 (S4.1 15 Km) Bidirectional STM-4 SFP

STM-1 Optical Interface LC connector


Tab. 6.8 CC Card interfaces




6.7.4 CC Card Faceplate and LEDs

Fig. 6.9 CC + 1 x STM-4/1 card faceplate

Fig. 6.10 CC + 1 x STM-16/4 card faceplate

LEDs

LED Name Color Status Description


OFF Power is off

ON The card is in working state ACT Green

OFF The card in standby state

ON There are fault conditions presented in this module FAULT Red OFF This module is in normal condition

ON Optical link is normal LINK Green

OFF Optical link is off

Tab. 6.9 CC Card LEDs




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6.8 Optical STM-4 Interface Card: 1 STM-4

Function

This card provides 1 STM-4 optical interfaces. The STM-4 interfaces are fully compliant with ITU-T G.707 and G.957 standards. The client side STM-4 optical interface uses SFP optical interfaces.

Any STM-4 interface on this module can be paired with any other STM-4 interface on the same module or on different module to support MSP, SNCP and MS-SPRing.

For the traffic slots available for this card, please see Tab. 6.1.

Faceplate

Fig. 6.11 1 STM-4 card faceplate

External Interfaces




Tab. 6.10 1 STM-4 Card External Interfaces




LEDs



OFF Power is off


ON Optical link is normal LINK Green

OFF Optical link is off

Tab. 6.11 1 STM-4 Card LEDs

6.9 Optical/Electrical STM-1 Interface Card: 2 STM-1 Function

This card provides 2 STM-1 optical or electrical interfaces. The STM-1 interfaces are fully compliant with ITU-T G.707 and G.957 standards. The client side STM-1 interfaces use optical or electrical SFP modules.

Any STM-1 interfaces on this card can be paired with any other STM-1 interface on the same module card or on a different module card to support MSP and SNCP.

For the traffic slots available for this card, please see Tab. 6.1.

Faceplate

Fig. 6.12 2 STM-1 Card Faceplate




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External Interfaces




STM-1 Electrical Interface DIN 1.0/2.3 75 Ohm, SFP Electrical Interface module:

Typical cable length: 100 meter (attenuation at 78 MHz must be less than 13.7 dB)

Tab. 6.12 2 STM-1 Card External Interfaces

LEDs



OFF Power is off


ON Optical link is normal LINK 1

LINK 2 Green

2

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