XXV. Jordan

June, 2013

XXV.

SUMMA

Jo

Wadi Sir

the large

n

JORD

ARY

ordan has tw

han, Figure

er Mudawwa

F

Source

DAN

wo basins w

XXV. The t

ra Formation

Figure XXV-1.

e: ARI, 2013.

XX

with potential

target horizo

n.

Base Map an

EIA/ARI W

XV-1

l for shale g

on is the org

nd Cross-Sect

World Shale Gas

gas and oil, t

ganic-rich Sil

tion Location,

and Shale Oil R

the Hamad

lurian-age B

, Jordan.

Resource Assess

(Risha area

Batra Shale w

sment

) and

within

XXV. Jordan

June, 2013

O

shale ga

1. In ad

place, wi

XXV-2.

n

Our assessm

s in-place w

ddition, we e

ith about 0.1

Tabl

Source: ARI 2

Physical Exten

tBasic Data

Resource

Reservoir 

Properties

ment is that

with 7 Tcf of

estimate tha

1 billion bar

e XXV-1. Sha

2013.

Prospective Ar

Thickness (ft)

Depth (ft)

Basin/G

Shale FGeolo

Depositiona

Gas Phase

GIP Concentra

Risked GIP (Tc

Risked Recove

Reservoir Pres

Average TOC (Thermal MaturClay Content

XX

the Batra S

risked, tech

at the Batra

rels of riske

ale Gas Reserv

Organically RicNet IntervalAverage

rea (mi2)

Gross Area

Formationogic Ageal Environment

ation (Bcf/mi2)

cf)

erable (Tcf)

ssure

(wt. %)rity (% Ro)

EIA/ARI W

XV-2

Shale in thes

hnically recov

Shale holds

ed, technical

voir Properties

Ham

(6,700

BatSilurMari

3,30

ch 1680

6,500 - 8,50

Norm

2.0%1.30

Medi

Dry G

25.

33.

6.7

World Shale Gas

se two basin

verable sha

s 4 billion b

ly recoverab

s and Resour

mad

mi2)

trarianine

00

0010,00000

mal

%0%ium

Gas

.3

.4

7

and Shale Oil R

ns contains

le gas resou

barrels of ris

ble shale oil

rces of Jordan

Wadi Sirhan

(4,700 mi2)

BatraSilurianMarine

1,050

12060

4,500 - 6,5005,500

Normal

4.0%0.80%

Medium

Assoc. Gas

3.7

1.6

0.2

Resource Assess

35 Tcf of r

urce, Table

sked shale o

l resource, T

n

sment

risked

XXV-

oil in-

Table

XXV. Jordan

June, 2013

INTROD

E

the Mud

hydrocar

Tanezzu

These Lo

content,

A

Risha Fo

gas.3,4 H

to 1.5%,

n

Tab

DUCTION

Eastern Jorda

dawwara Fo

rbons in Nor

ft Formation

ower Siluria

having gam

Additional or

ormation. T

However, the

below the T

le XXV-2. Sha

Source: ARI, 2

an contains

ormation.

rth Africa, Ira

n in Libya an

n-age shale

ma-ray valu

rganically en

These shales

e TOC value

TOC cut-off s

Physical Extent Pro

Thi

Dep

Basic Data

Resource

Oil

OIP

Ris

Ris

Reservo

ir 

Properties Res

AveTheCla

XX

ale Oil Reserv

013.

Silurian-age

Similar Silu

aq and Saud

nd the Qusai

es are often

es of >150 A

nriched mar

s are 60 to

es of these U

set forth for t

OrNeIntAv

ospective Area (

ickness (ft)

pth (ft)

Basin/Gros

Shale FormGeologic

Depositional E

Phase

P Concentration

sked OIP (B bbl)

sked Recoverab

servoir Pressur

erage TOC (wt. ermal Maturity (ay Content

EIA/ARI W

XV-3

voir Properties

e organic-ric

urian organi

di Arabia. T

ba Shale of

called “Hot

API units, Fig

rine shales

120 feet th

Upper Ordov

this study.

ganically Richet tervalverage

(mi2)

ss Area

mationc Agenvironment

n (MMbbl/mi2)

)

ble (B bbl)

re

%)(% Ro)

World Shale Gas

s and Resourc

ch marine sh

ic-rich shale

The Batra Sh

f the Qalibah

t Shales” be

gure XXV-2

exist in the

hick and hav

vician shales

Wadi Sirh

(4,700 m

BatraSilurianMarine

1,050

12060

4,500 - 6,55,500

Norma

4.0%0.80%

Medium

Oil

8.8

3.7

0.15

and Shale Oil R

ces of Jordan

hales in the

es are a m

hale is time

h Formation

ecause of th

.2

e uppermost

ve thermal m

s generally

han

i2)

ne

500

l

m

Resource Assess

Batra Memb

major sourc

equivalent t

in Saudi Ara

heir high ura

t Ordovician

maturities fo

range from

sment

ber of

ce of

to the

abia.1

anium

n-age

or dry

0.5%

XXV. Jordan

June, 2013

F

most val

20092), K

within the

entitled, “

Fi

Source: LithgeneralizedArmstrong (

1. GEOL

T

Sirhan ba

of the So

Batra Sh

southern

Type I/II

XXV-3 pr

n

or the shale

luable geolo

Keegan (199

e Natural Re

“Petroleum E

igure XXV-2.

hostratigraphy an depositional en(2009)

LOGIC SET

The Batra S

asins of eas

outhern Des

hale in Jorda

and easter

marine sha

rovides the d

e gas and oil

ogical work

906), and A

esources Au

Exploration

Lithostratigra

nd chronostratigvironments for o

TTING

hale is pres

stern Jordan

sert of Jorda

an. The Syr

rn limits of t

ale, deposite

depth and ar

XX

l resource as

and publica

hlbrandt (19

uthority prov

Opportunitie

aphy for the O

raphy for the Oroutcrops in the S

sent in the

, as well as

an. The He

ria, Iraq and

the Jordan p

ed along the

real extent fo

EIA/ARI W

XV-4

ssessment o

ations of Lu

9977). In a

vided import

es in Jordan”

Ordovician and

rdovician and SilSouthern Desert

sub-surface

in the near-

ercynian sub

Saudi Arab

portion of th

e margins o

or the prosp

World Shale Gas

of Jordan, w

uning (2000,

ddition, Jord

tant informat

”.8

d Silurian of J

lurian of Jordan region of Jordan

e in the Ham

-surface in t

b-crop estab

bia borders w

his shale de

of the reced

pective areas

and Shale Oil R

we have draw

,1 20053), A

dan’s Petro

tion in their

Jordan and Sa

and Saudi Arabn (redrawn from

mad (Risha

he Al Jafr a

blishes wes

with Jordan

posit. The

ing Gondwa

s of Batra Sh

Resource Assess

wn heavily o

Armstrong (2

leum Direct

2006 public

audi Arabia,

ia, showing Turner et al., 20

area) and

rea and outc

tern limits o

set the nort

Batra Shale

ana shelf. F

hale in Jorda

sment

on the

2005,5

torate

cation

005).

Wadi

crops

of the

thern,

e is a

Figure

an.3

XXV. Jordan

June, 2013

T

called th

Shale”.3

resource

n

The Batra Sh

e “Lower H

We have

e assessmen

Fig

Source: ARI, 20

hale contains

ot Shale”, a

included the

nt.

gure XXV-3. D

013.

XX

s three distin

a middle uni

e “Lower H

Depth and Pro

EIA/ARI W

XV-5

nct organic-r

t within low

ot Shale“ a

ospective Area

World Shale Gas

rich intervals

wer organic c

and the “Up

as - - Batra Sh

and Shale Oil R

s - - a highly

content, and

per Hot Sh

hale, Jordan

Resource Assess

y organic-rich

d the “Uppe

ale” units in

sment

h unit

er Hot

n our

XXV. Jordan

June, 2013

T

underlyin

“Lower H

Shale” ex

Shale” is

T

east. The

window)

Risha ar

approxim

during ea

n

The “Lower H

ng Dubaydib

Hot Shale” th

xists in the H

s at the top o

Figure X

Source: S. Lu

The thermal

e shale is i

in the Wadi

rea.3,7 Th

mated using

arly Silurian

Hot Shale”

b Formation

hins to the w

Hamad Basi

of the Batra S

XXV-4. Chono

ning, 2005.

maturity of t

mmature to

Sirhan area

e determina

graptolite re

time.)

XX

unit, deposi

, is present

west, north a

n’s Risha ga

Shale interva

ostratigraphy

the Batra Sh

early-matur

a, and is late

ation of the

eflectance an

EIA/ARI W

XV-6

ted at the b

in southea

and south in

as field area

al, XXV-Figu

of the Upper O

hale increas

re in the Al

e to post-ma

e thermal m

nd maximum

World Shale Gas

base of the

astern Jorda

the Wadi S

a along the I

ure 4.3

Ordovician-Si

es from sou

Jafr area,

ature (gas w

maturity for

m temperatu

and Shale Oil R

Batra Shale

an (Wadi Sir

Sirhan area.

raqi border.

ilurian in Jord

uth to north a

becomes m

indow) in the

the Batra

ure. (Vitrinite

Resource Assess

e and above

rhan Basin).

The “Uppe

The “Uppe

dan.

and from we

middle-matur

e Hamad Ba

Shale has

e did not yet

sment

e the

. The

er Hot

er Hot

est to

re (oil

asin’s

been

exist

XXV. Jordan

June, 2013

A

“Lower H

“Upper H

2. RESE

L

Shale” ra

that the s

Hot Shal

net pay

provides

XXV-1 pr

Source: NR

n

As shown in

Hot Shale” in

Hot Shale” in

ERVOIR PR

Lower Hot S

anges from

shale in this

e” unit in th

of about 60

a north to

rovides the c

Figure

A Petroleum Dir

Figure XXV

n the oil-pron

the gas-pro

ROPERTIE

Shale. In th

4,500 to 6,5

s area is at

e Wadi Sirh

0 ft (using 1

south cross

cross-sectio

e XXV-5. Nort

rectorate Jordan

XX

V-3, we hav

ne Wadi Sirh

one Risha ar

S (PROSP

he Wadi Sir

500 ft, avera

normal pres

han prospect

50 API unit

s-section for

n locations.3

th to South Re

, 2006.

EIA/ARI W

XV-7

ve mapped a

han area and

rea.

ECTIVE AR

han prospec

aging 5,500

ssure. The o

tive area ran

ts of backgr

the Batra S

3,8)

egional Cross-

World Shale Gas

a prospectiv

d a prospec

REA)

ctive area, t

ft. Based

organic-rich

nges from 3

round gamm

Shale in the

-Section, Wad

and Shale Oil R

ve area of 1

ctive area of

the depth o

on analog d

gross interv

30 to 100 ft,

ma radiation)

e Wadi Sirha

di Sirhan Basi

Resource Assess

1,050 mi2 fo

3,300 mi2 fo

f the “Lowe

data, we ass

val of the “L

with an ave

). Figure X

an area.8 (F

n.

sment

or the

or the

er Hot

sume

Lower

erage

XXV-5

Figure

XXV. Jordan

June, 2013

T

of about

Ro equiv

analogs f

(A) Total org(HC)/g TOCδ13C values

U

Hot Shal

we assum

Hot Shal

about 80

cross-sec

n

The TOC of t

4%, Figure X

valent, avera

for suppleme

Figure XX

ganic carbon (TOC). (C) Steranes/s of organic carb

Upper Hot S

e” ranges fr

me that the

e” unit in th

0 ft, based on

ction for th

the “Lower H

XXV-6.2 The

aging 0.8%

ental reserv

XV-6. Bulk Or

OC) content of th/17α-hopanes rabon (OC) versus

Shale. In the

rom 6,500 to

shale is at

e Risha pro

n a minimum

e Batra Sh

XX

Hot Shale” u

e thermal m

Ro. We ha

oir data for t

rganic Carbon

he bulk sedimenatio shows its higs Vienna Peedee

e Hamad Ba

o 10,000 ft, a

normal pres

ospective are

m 2% TOC v

hale in the

EIA/ARI W

XV-8

unit ranges f

aturity of the

ave used oth

the “Lower H

n, Biomarker a

nt. (B) Hydrogen ghest value at 12e belemnite (VPD

asin/Risha p

averaging 8

ssure. The o

ea is about

value cutoff.

Risha area

World Shale Gas

from 1.5% to

e shale unit

her Silurian-

Hot Shale” in

and Stable Ca

index (HI) of the2.94m above theDB) in parts per

rospective a

8,500 ft. Bas

organic-rich

160 ft thick

Figure XXV

a (see Figu

and Shale Oil R

o 9%, with a

is estimated

-age “hot sh

n the Wadi S

arbon Isotope

e bulk sediment e base of the Ba mil (‰).Source

area, the dep

sed on limite

gross interv

, with an av

V-7 provides

ure XXV-1 f

Resource Assess

an average v

d at 0.7% to

hale” deposi

Sirhan Basin

Data.

(mg hydrocarbotra formation. (D: Armstrong (200

pth of the “U

ed well test

val of the “U

verage net p

s a north to s

for cross-se

sment

value

1.0%

its as

.

ons D) 09)

Upper

data,

Upper

pay of

south

ection

XXV. Jordan

June, 2013

location.)

intervals

estimated

“hot sha

Hamad B

Source: NR

F

backgrou

n

).8 The ave

using the n

d at above

le” deposits

Basin (Risha

Figure XXV

A Petroleum Dir

igure XXV-8

und value fo

erage TOC

net to gross

1.2% Ro eq

s for supple

a Area).

V-7. Regional

rectorate Jordan

8 is an isop

r determinin

XX

value is ab

s pay ratio.

quivalent3. W

emental rese

Geologic Cro

, 2006

pach map fo

g organically

EIA/ARI W

XV-9

bout 2%, a

The therm

We have us

ervoirs data

oss-Section, E

or the Batra

y rich shale.

World Shale Gas

fter exclusio

al maturity

sed analog d

for the “U

Eastern Hamad

a Shale usi

.3

and Shale Oil R

on of the lo

of the “Upp

data from o

pper Hot S

d Basin (Risha

ng the 150

Resource Assess

ower TOC v

per Hot Sha

other Silurian

hale” unit in

a Area).

API gamm

sment

value

ale” is

n-age

n the

ma-ray

XXV. Jordan

June, 2013

Figure X

n

XXV-8. Isopacch Map of OrgAP

XXV

anic-Rich SiluPI Correspond

EIA/ARI W

V-10

urian Shales wding to Organic

World Shale Gas

with Total Gamc Richness.

and Shale Oil R

mma-Ray Valu

Resource Assess

ues Exceeding

sment

g 150

XXV. Jordan

June, 2013

3. RESO

W

Basin is

the Jord

resource

associate

T

is estima

favorable

of 0.1 bil

Sirhan B

H

Basin/Ris

east by t

Batra Sh

T

Based o

recovera

area.

4. RECE

A

prospect

of 42o A

have rep

remains

area into

the wells

overlying

accumula

n

OURCE AS

Wadi Sirhan

limited on th

anian borde

e concentrat

ed gas.

The risked re

ated at 4 bill

e reservoir p

lion barrels

asin.

Hamad/Rish

sha area is l

the Jordania

ale has a re

The risked sh

on moderat

ble shale ga

ENT ACTIV

A number o

ing for oil. O

PI oil from s

ported shows

confidential

o the Risha t

s are reporte

g Silurian-a

ation.

SSESSMEN

Basin. The

he west by th

er. Within t

tion of 9 m

esource in-pl

ion barrels o

properties, w

plus small v

a Area. Th

imited on th

an border. W

esource conc

hale resourc

tely favorab

as resource

VITY

of deep exp

One well (W

sandstones

s of light oil.8

. Another s

ight sandsto

d to be prod

age Mudaw

XXV

NT

e prospectiv

he thinning a

the 1,050-m

illion barrels

lace for the

of oil plus 2

we estimate

volumes of a

he prospect

e west by th

Within the 3

centration of

ce in-place f

ble reservo

e of about 7

ploration we

Wadi Sirhan #

associated

8 However,

eries of wel

one member

ducing at a c

wwara Form

EIA/ARI W

V-11

ve area for th

and thermal

mi2 prospecti

s of oil per

shale oil pro

Tcf of asso

a risked, te

associated s

tive area for

he pinch-out

3,300-mi2 pro

f 25 Bcf/mi2.

for the gas p

ir propertie

Tcf for the

ells have b

#4) is report

with the Ba

much of the

ls (31) have

r of the Ordo

combined rat

mation, is

World Shale Gas

he Lower Ba

maturity of

ive area for

r mi2 plus m

ospective ar

ociated shale

echnically re

hale gas for

r the Upper

of the shale

ospective ar

prospective

es, we esti

Batra Shale

been drilled

ted to have

atra Shale, w

e data from

e been drille

ovician-age D

te of 30 MM

considered

and Shale Oil R

atra Shale in

the shale an

r oil, the Ba

moderate v

rea of the W

e gas. Base

coverable s

r the Batra S

r Batra Sha

e and on the

rea for wet

area is esti

mate a ris

e in the Ham

d in the W

produced 25

while other

these deep

ed in the Ham

Dubaydib Fo

cfd.7 The B

the sourc

Resource Assess

n the Wadi S

nd on the ea

atra Shale h

olumes of s

Wadi Sirhan B

ed on moder

hale oil reso

Shale in the

le in the Ha

north, south

and dry gas

mated at 33

sked, techn

mad Basin/R

adi Sirhan

5 barrels pe

exploration

exploration

mad Basin/R

ormation. F

atra Shale, i

ce of this

sment

Sirhan

ast by

has a

shale

Basin

rately

ource

Wadi

amad

h and

s, the

3 Tcf.

nically

Risha

area

er day

wells

wells

Risha

ive of

in the

gas

XXV. Jordan

June, 2013

REFERE

1 Luning, S.

Elsevier E

2 ArmstrongBasin, So

3 Luning, S.Shales inp. 1397-1

4 Based on

5 ArmstrongDeglacial

6 Keegan, Jthe Hashe

7 Ahlbrandt,Rocks, EInternatio

8 Natural ROpportun

n

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ments of

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loration