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NREMT Practice Questions for EMTs

1.  Arriving  at  the  home  of  a  pa2ent  who  has  chest  pain,  you  are  told  that  she  has  an  automa2c  implanted  cardiac  defibrillator  (AICD).  You  administer  oxygen  and  begin  a  SAMPLE  history.  Before  you  finish,  the  pa2ent  loses  consciousness.  You  determine  she  is  apneic  and  pulseless.  Of  the  following  which  one  is  the  most  appropriate  ac2on  to  take?  a.  Wait  for  the  pa-ent’s  AICS  to  respond.b.  Start  CPR  and  a9ach  an  AED.c.  Contact  medical  control  for  orders.d.  Do  CPR  only  but  do  not  connect  an  AED.

2.  3-­‐year-­‐old  girl  swallowed  a  piece  of  hard  candy  and  it  lodged  in  her  throat.    She  is  having  difficultly  breathing.    You  hear  abnormal  sounds  when  listening  with  your  stethoscope.    What  sound  might  you  expect  to  hear?

a.          Ralesb.          Stridorc.          Snoringd.          Wheezes

3.  Your  pa2ent  used  a  metered-­‐dose  inhaler  prior  to  your  arrival.    It  provided  relief  from  his  asthma  symptoms.    This  is  because  the  medica2on  inhaled  came  in  contact  with  the

a.  oral  mucosab.  trachea  and  main  bronchic.  bronchiolesd.  alveoli

4.  You  are  trea2ng  an  unresponsive  but  breathing  54-­‐year-­‐old  female  whose  chief  complaint  was  respiratory  distress  prior  to  becoming  unresponsive.    You  have  placed  the  pa2ent  on  oxygen  and  aUempted  to  place  an  oral  airway  but  were  unable  because  of  an  intact  gag  reflex.    In  what  posi2on  should  the  pa2ent  be  placed?

a.  Proneb.  Supinec.  Semi-­‐fowler's  posi-ond.  Laterally  recumbent  posi-on

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5.  You  are  called  for  an  unresponsive  pa2ent  in  the  hallway  of  an  office  complex.  You  find  the  36-­‐year-­‐old  female  pa2ent  moaning  slightly.    Her  breathing  is  adequate  and  she  appears  to  have  lost  bladder  control.    As  you  place  oxygen  on  the  pa2ent  and  gather  a  quick  history  from  bystanders  you  observe  the  pa2ent's  mental  status  improving.    This  pa2ent's  current  presenta2on  was  most  likely  caused  by

a.  strokeb.  seizurec.  hypoglycemiad.  myocardial  infarc-on

6.  You  are  trea2ng  a  pa2ent  who  complains  of  respiratory  distress.    He  is  breathing  rapidly  but  shallowly  and  can  speak  only  one-­‐  to  two-­‐word  sentences.    His  skin  color  is  poor  and  he  appears  2red.    His  family  states  he  has  "bad"  chronic  bronchi2s  and  conges2ve  heart  failure.  You  should

a.  administer  oxygen  via  nasal  cannulab.  administer  oxygen  via  venturi  maskc.  administer  oxygen  via  non-­‐rebreather  maskd.  administer  ven-la-ons  via  bag-­‐valve  mask

7.  Your  pa2ent  is  experiencing  right-­‐sided  heart  failure.    You  would  expect  to  see  an  accumula2on  of  fluid  in  the

a.  Alveolib.  Peripheryc.  Pulmonary  veind.  Coronary  arteries

8.  Which  of  the  following  would  be  the  most  likely  indicator  your  pa2ent  was  suffering  from  emphysema?

a.  Use  of  home  oxygenb.  Mul-ple  metered-­‐dose  inhalersc.  Increased  anterior-­‐posterior  chest  diameterd.  Produc-ve  cough  with  a  change  in  sputum  color

9.  Your  mul2ple  trauma  pa2ent  does  not  have  radial  pulses  but  does  have  a  caro2d  pulse.    This  means  the  pa2ent  most  likely  has:  

a.  hypoperfusionb.  an  injury  to  the  aor-c  archc.  bilateral  extremity  fracturesd.  pre-­‐exis-ng  vascular  problems  in  his  extremi-es  10.  A  trauma  pa2ent  cannot  feel  anything  in  his  body  from  the  nipple  level  down.    The  level  of  spinal  cord  injury  is  likely  at

a.  C7b.  T1c.  T4d.  T10

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11.  A  pa2ent  was  burned  on  his  anterior  torso  and  the  anterior  surface  of  both  arms.    The  body  surface  area  burned  is

a.  18%b.  22.5%c.  27%d.  36%  12.  You  are  assessing  a  pa2ent  with  blunt  chest  trauma.    You  no2ce  that  the  pa2ent  has  diminished  sounds  over  the  lec  side  of  his  chest.  Which  of  the  following  would  lead  you  to  suspect  hemothorax  over  preumothorax?

a.  Difficulty  breathingb.  Distended  neck  veinsc.  Hyporesonance  to  percussiond.  Diminished  sounds  are  in  the  apex  of  the  lung

13.  Your  pa2ent  is  hypotensive.    Which  one  of  the  following  would  most  likely  cause  this  condi2on?

a.  Increased  heart  rateb.  Increased  stroke  volumec.  Decreased  vasomotor  toned.  Decreased  parasympathe-c  nervous  system  ac-vity

14.  While  in  the  ambulance  reassessing  a  pa2ent  with  a  splinted  2bia  and  fibula  fracture  you  can’t  locate  a  distal  pulse  in  the  injured  extremity.    The  pa2ent  did  have  a  distal  pulse  acer  applica2on  of  the  splint.    To  address  this  situa2on  you  should:

a.  Loosen  the  splint  slightlyb.  A9empt  to  manipulate  the  extremityc.  Request  an  advanced  life  support  interceptd.  Assume  the  pulse  is  present  but  masked  by  swelling

15.  You  are  trea2ng  a  pa2ent  with  a  penetra2ng  chest  injury.    The  pa2ent  is  anxious  and  has  vital  signs  that  indicate  shock.    Which  of  the  following  signs  would  indicate  the  pa2ent  may  have  cardiac  tamponade?

a.  Distended  jugular  veinsb.  Increasing  pulse  pressurec.  Absent  lung  sounds  on  the  le]d.  Different  quality  between  the  le]  and  right  radial  pulses

16.  You  transported  a  geriatric  pa2ent  with  an  altered  mental  status  to  the  hospital.    In  speaking  with  the  staff  as  you  are  heading  out  you  find  they  suspect  an  infec2on  of  some  sort.  You  note  that  the  pa2ent  didn’t  appear  to  have  a  fever.    This  is  likely  because:

a.  Geriatric  pa-ents  have  an  increased  basal  body  temperature.b.  Geriatric  pa-ents  have  less  efficient  temperature  regula-ng  mechanisms.c.  The  immune  systems  of  geriatric  pa-ents  are  hyperresponsive  to  infec-on.d.  The  infec-ons  most  commonly  seen  in  geriatric  pa-ents  don’t  present  with  fever.

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17.  You  are  called  for  a  pa2ent  on  a  ven2lator  at  home  who  is  "in  distress."  When  you  enter  the  residence,  you  no2ce  that  the  pa2ent  is  aUached  to  the  ven2lator.  The  caretaker  tells  you  they  just  suc2oned  the  pa2ent.  You  see  the  pa2ent  is  restless  and  has  some  cyanosis  on  the  fingers  and  lips.  What  ini2al  ac2on  should  be  taken  for  this  pa2ent?  a.    Ask  the  caretaker  if  he  can  fix  the  ven-lator.b.    Determine  if  there  is  a  backup  ven-lator.c.    Disconnect  the  device  and  give  supplemental  oxygen.d.    Disconnect  the  ven-lator  and  assist  with  a  BVM  and  oxygen.

18.  You  arrive  at  a  home  just  acer  a  father  has  assisted  in  the  unexpected  birth  of  his  daughter.    The  baby  wasn’t  expected  for  another  week  or  two.    The  father  is  holding  the  baby  who  appears  limp  and  with  minimal  movement.  The  baby  has  cyanosis  in  her  torso  and  extremi2es.    You  observe  extremely  rapid  breathing.    The  baby’s  pulse  is  52.    You  should

a.  Dry  and  warm  the  babyb.  Provide  blow-­‐by  oxygenc.  Ven-late  the  baby  with  a  neonate  BVMd.  Provide  CPR  and  ven-late  the  baby  with  a  neonate  BVM

19.  You  are  trea2ng  a  2-­‐year-­‐old  child  whose  parent's  report  poor  feeding  and  difficulty  breathing.    Which  of  the  following  signs  would  be  most  indica2ve  of  a  serious  condi2on?

a.  Limp  appearanceb.  Expiratory  wheezingc.  Accessory  muscle  used.  Previous  unsuccessful  use  of  a  prescribed  inhaler

20.  Your  pa2ent  has  just  injected  a  drug  that  his  friends  believe  was  heroin.    Which  of  the  following  vital  signs  most  suggests  the  drug  was  actually  heroin?

a.  pulse  of  82/minuteb.  pulse  of  180/minute  and  irregularc.  respira-ons  of  8/minuted. respira-ons  of  42/minute

21.  You  are  called  to  a  pregnant  pa2ent  who  is  full  term.    You  observe  the  umbilical  cord  protruding  from  the  vagina.    The  most  significant  problem  that  accompanies  this  condi2on  is:

a.  fetal  hypoxiab.  fetal  hemorrhagec.  maternal  hypoxiad.  maternal  hemorrhage

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22.  Which  of  the  following  condi2ons  is  most  likely  to  be  found  during  rou2ne  examina2on  of  the  mother  during  pregnancy?

a.  placental  abrup-onb.  placenta  previac.  prolapsed  cordd.  pre-­‐term  labor

23.  You  are  trea2ng  an  injury  to  the  knee  as  a  result  of  a  motorcycle  collision.    There  is  severe  hemorrhage  from  the  extremity  at  the  site  of  deformity.    You  should

a.  Apply  direct  pressure  over  the  siteb.  Use  a  pressure  point  to  stop  the  bleedingc.  Splint  the  fracture  which  will  control  the  bleedingd.  Apply  a  tourniquet  to  the  distal  thigh  to  stop  bleeding

24.  You  are  performing  CPR  on  a  pulseless  pa2ent.    He  vomits  copious  amounts  that  can’t  be  cleared  in  15  seconds.    You  should

a.  stop  suc-oning  and  ven-late  for  30  secondsb.  stop  suc-oning  and  ven-late  for  2  minutesc.  con-nue  suc-oning  un-l  the  pharynx  is  clear  of  vomitd.  con-nue  CPR  and  do  not  ven-late

25.  You  and  your  partner  are  preparing  to  transport  a  56-­‐year-­‐old  man  with  hand  pain.  The  pa2ent  states  he  does  not  wish  to  sit  on  the  stretcher  and  “just  wants  to  sit  on  the  bench.”  Your  partner  says,  “Sure,  that’s  fine.”  You  should:

a.  accept  the  wishes  of  your  partnerb.  allow  the  pa-ent  to  sit  on  the  bench  but  use  a  seat  beltc.  talk  to  your  partner  a]er  the  call  and  express  your  disagreementd.  tell  your  partner  you  are  uncomfortable  transpor-ng  the  pa-ent  on  the  bench  seat.

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Answer Key

Question

Answer

1 B

2 B

3 C

4 D

5 B

6 D

7 B

8 C

9 A

10 C

11 A

12 C

13 C

14 A

15 A

16 B

17 D

18 D

19 A

20 C

21 A

22 B

23 D

24 C

25 D

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