CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

DR. PREMILA LEE

PROFESSOR & Ag. HOD

DEPT. OF SURGICAL NURSING & CONTINUING NURSING

EDUCATION

CONCEPTS

• Abstract ideas – e.g. Pain, anxiety

• Building blocks of theory & conceptual framework

CONSTRUCTS

• High level abstraction with general meanings

VARIABLES

• Concepts used in quantitative studies are called variables

• Variables are central building blocks of quantitative studies

EXAMPLE

Construct

Concept

Variables

Emotional response

Anxiety

Abstract

ConcretePalmarSweating

• Every study has a framework

• Terms such as theories, models, frameworks, schemes & maps are overlapping as they are interrelated

THEORY

• An abstract generalization that offers a systematic explanation about how phenomena are interrelated

• http://www.sandiego.edu/academics/nursing/theory/#Models

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

• Conceptual framework, like theories deal with abstractions (concepts)

• Represent a less formal attempt at organizing phenomena than theories

• Provide a perspective regarding interrelated phenomena, but are more loosely structured than theories

TYPES OF FRAMEWORK

• Theoretical framework - when a study is based on a theory

• Conceptual framework - when a study is based on a conceptual model

MODELS

• Schematic model is a symbolic representations of a conceptualization

• Schematic models are visual representations of some aspect of reality

• Conceptual models are common in both qualitative and quantitative research

• Concepts and the linkages between them are represented through the use of boxes, arrows, or other symbols

• Pender’s Health Promotion model, is a model for explaining and predicting the health promotion component of lifestyle

Importance of Health

Perceived control of health

Perceived self-efficacy

Definition of health

Perceived health status

Perceived benefits of health-promoting behaviors

Perceived barriers of health-promoting behaviors

Likelihood of engaging in

health-promoting behaviors

Cues to action

Demographic characteristics

Biological characteristics

Interpersonal influences

Situational factors

Behavioral factors

Cognitive Factors Modifying FactorsParticipation in Health – Promoting Behaviors

Health Promotion Model

PURPOSES OF CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

• Overall purpose is to make research findings meaningful and generalizable

• Allows researchers to knit together observations and facts into an orderly scheme

• Help us to explain why we are doing a project in a particular way

• It can help us to understand and use the ideas of others who have done similar things

• Conceptual frameworks act like maps that give coherence to empirical inquiry

• A visual or symbolic representation of a theory or conceptual framework often helps to express abstract ideas in a concise and readily understandable form

• A conceptual framework is a diagram that depicts the variables in the research and the relationship among them

• The diagram should be accompanied by a written description of approximately six to ten sentences that explains the diagram

HOW TO DEVELOP A CONCEPTUAL FRMEWORK

• Most challenging steps in the research process

• Much of the work involves thinking and reflecting

THEORIES / MODELS IN QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

• Testing a theory

• Using a Model as an organizing structure

• Fitting a problem to a Theory

TESTING A THEORY

• Theories stimulate new studies

• Tip : If you are testing a specific theory or model, be sure to read about it from a primary source, and rely on the most up to date reference

• Researchers sometimes combine elements from more than one theory as a basis for generating hypotheses

Using a Model as an organizing structure

• Most common use of the nursing models - to provide an organizing structure for the studies

FITTING A PROBLEM TO A THEORY

• Problem is formulated before consideration is given to a conceptual framework

• Tip – If you begin with a research problem and are trying to identify a suitable framework, it is wise to confer with people who may be familiar with a broad range of theoretical perspectives

PerceivesBenefits

AcceptsRUTF

Does not accept RUTF

Does not perceive Benefit

Introduction of ready to use therapeutic food

Demographic variables

Clinical variable

Risk factors

Behavioral outcome

BehaviorSpecific knowledge

and affect

BASED ON HEALTH PROMOTION MODEL(PENDER, 2002)

Individual characteristics and experience

ACCEPTANCE OF READY TO USE THERAPEUTIC FOOD IN MALNOURISHED CHILDREN

Psychosocial•Family Support•Adoption of hobbies•Realistic approach•Ventilation of feelings•Sharing with friends and family•Seek professional help•Social isolation

Physiological •Self care •Intimacy •Activities of daily life

Spiritual •Belief in god •Religious Practices•Sources of referral for •Spiritual strength

PERSON

Contextual

• Clinical Data

• Socio demographic data

Focal

• Perception of stigma

Coping

• Minimal

• Moderate

• Maximum

RESPONSESADAPTIVE MODELSSTMULI

Conceptual framework – BASED ON ROY’S ADAPTATION MODEL 1991

PERCEIVED STIGMA & RELATIONSHIP TO COPING STRATEGIES AMONG BURN SURVIVORS

CONCLUSION

• Every study has a framework

• A conceptual framework is a diagram that depicts the variables in the research and the relationship among them

• Developing conceptual framework is challenging in research process

Behavioral beliefs

Cues to action

Susceptibility

Severity

Severity

Intention

Subjective norm

Behavior

Normative beliefs