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Previous Issue: 10 December 2006 Next Planned Update: 17 November 2013

Materials System Specification 01-SAMSS-024 17 November 2008

Pipe Handling and Nesting

Piping Standards Committee MembersNasri, Nadhir Ibrahim, Chairman

Dib, Tony Georges, Vice Chairman

Balhareth, Nasser Mohammad

Bannai, Nabeel Saad

Fadley, Gary Lowell

Holland, Brad John

Khashab, Jaafar M.

Lewis, Trevor

Mahmoud, Khalid Ahmed

Phan, Howard Cong

Rao, SanyasiRasheed, Mahmood A.

Sharif, Talal Mahmoud

Shiha, Saad Mohammed

Swar, Ahmad H. (ABQ PLANTS)

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Table of Contents

1 Scope............................................................. 22 Conflicts and Deviations................................. 23 References..................................................... 24 General........................................................... 35 Pipe Handling................................................. 36 Bearing Surfaces............................................ 47 Stacking.......................................................... 4

8 Nesting........................................................... 69 De-Nesting..................................................... 710 Shipping Space.............................................. 7

Page 1 of 7Primary contact: Nasri, Nadhir Ibrahim on 966-3-8760162

CopyrightSaudi Aramco 2008. All rights reserved.

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Document Responsibility: Piping 01-SAMSS-024

Issue Date: 17 November 2008

Next Planned Update: 17 November 2013 Pipe Handling and Nesting

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1 Scope

This Specification defines minimum mandatory requirements governing the handling,loading, nesting and denesting of steel line pipe in sizes 60 mm OD and larger and in

lengths longer than single random.

2 Conflicts and Deviations

2.1 Any conflicts between this specification and other applicable Saudi AramcoMaterials System Specifications (SAMSSs), Engineering Standards (SAESs),

Standard Drawings (SASDs), or industry standards, codes, and forms shall beresolved in writing by the Company or Buyer Representative through the

Manager, Consulting Services Department of Saudi Aramco, Dhahran.

2.2 Direct all requests to deviate from this specification in writing to the Company orBuyer Representative, who shall follow internal company procedure SAEP-302

and forward such requests to the Manager, Consulting Services Department of

Saudi Aramco, Dhahran.

3 References

The selection of material and equipment, and the design, construction, maintenance, andrepair of equipment and facilities covered by this specification shall comply with the

latest edition of the references listed below, unless otherwise noted.

3.1 Saudi Aramco References

Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedure

SAEP-302 Instructions for Obtaining a Waiver of a

Mandatory Saudi Aramco Engineering

Requirement

Saudi Aramco Engineering Standard

SAES-H-200 Storage, Handling, and Installation of Externally

Coated Pipe

3.2 Industry Codes and Standards

American Petroleum Institute

API RP 5L1 Recommended Practice for Railroad

Transportation of Line Pipe
http://standards/Docs/SAEP/PDF/SAEP-302.pdfhttp://standards/Docs/SAEP/PDF/SAEP-302.pdfhttp://standards/Docs/SAES/PDF/SAES-H-200.PDFhttp://linkmanager.ihs.com/LinkManagerService/LKMLink.aspx?LinkRefName=API+RP+5L1+-+2002&RefGroupId=30http://linkmanager.ihs.com/LinkManagerService/LKMLink.aspx?LinkRefName=API+RP+5L1+-+2002&RefGroupId=30http://standards/Docs/SAES/PDF/SAES-H-200.PDFhttp://standards/Docs/SAEP/PDF/SAEP-302.pdfhttp://standards/Docs/SAEP/PDF/SAEP-302.pdf

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4 General

4.1 This Specification shall be considered supplementary to government rules or

regulations that are or will become effective with respect to the transportation ofline pipe by truck, railroad or ship. If any conflict arises between suchmandatory rules or regulations and the requirements of this Specification, the

former shall prevail and the Vendor shall notify the Buyer of all exceptions to

this Specification before shipment.

4.2 After inspection by Buyer's inspectors the pipe shall be handled and transportedin such a manner that under normal, foreseeable conditions the pipe will arrive

at destination undamaged. The Vendor shall establish suitable practices for all

phases of the shipping operation and provide for adequate supervision to insurethat the practices are properly followed.

4.3 Discovery of any transit fatigue cracking is grounds for rejection of the entire

load, until absence of cracking on the load is proven to Buyer's satisfaction.

Commentary Notes:

Improper practices or careless handling are likely to result in pipe damage of thefollowing types:

Dents or ovalness of the pipe due to improper supports or too widely spacedsupports and excessive stacking height.

End damage due to use of improper end hooks for lifting or due to impropernesting or denesting techniques, or due to longitudinal shifting of the pipe andstriking the end of the pipe, which would cause cutting of the bevel.

Fatigue cracks due to excessive static and cyclic loads as a result of verticalvibrations during transportation.

Abrasion or peening due to rubbing or striking of the pipewall against otherobjects.

4.4 API RP 5L1, American Petroleum Institute Recommended Practice for RailroadTransportation of Line Pipe shall be followed and shall be considered part of

this Specification. The same recommendations shall apply to transportation

other than by rail, except as modified in this Specification.

5 Pipe Handl ing

5.1 Pipe joints and pipe nests may be lifted in horizontal or slanted position by oneof the following methods:

5.1.1 By fork lift truck near the center of the joint if done with proper care.
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5.1.2 By means of suitable slings applied at some distance from each end ofthe joint. Wire sling shall not be used.

5.1.3 By means of a hook at the lower end of a joint and a suitable sling atsome distance from the upper end.

5.1.4 By means of two hooks applied at the ends of the joint.

5.1.5 Storage and handling of coated pipes shall be in accordance withSAES-H-200.

5.1.6 Internally coated pipes shall be handled from the outside diameter (OD)only.

5.2 Hooks used to lift pipe shall have curved contact faces to fit the inside diameter

of the pipe to be lifted. The hooks shall be of sufficient width and shall be linedwith soft metal or other soft material to prevent damage to the pipe bevel.

6 Bearing Surfaces

Surfaces on which the pipe is laid or stacked shall be flat and free of protrusions,

assuring full uniform bearing for the pipe length or shall be provided with suitablebearing strips as required by API RP 5L1.

7 Stacking

7.1 The maximum number of rows in a stack of pipe shall be limited by themaximum allowable static load stress in the wall of the most heavily loaded pipe

in the bottom row of the stack.

7.2 The static load stress, calculated as specified below, shall not exceed thefollowing:

a. For railroad transportation: 0.4 times the specified minimum yield strength

or 0.3 times the specified minimum tensile strength of the pipe material,

whichever is less.

b. For ocean transportation: 0.5 times the specified minimum yield strength

of the pipe material.c. For stacks in the pipe yard: 0.6 times the specified minimum yield strength

of the pipe material.

7.3 The stacking load factor nshall be taken as the total mass of the pipe stackdivided by the mass of the bottom layer for which the static load stress is

calculated. In the case of stacking nested pipes, the mass of the pipe inside the
http://standards/Docs/SAES/PDF/SAES-H-200.PDFhttp://linkmanager.ihs.com/LinkManagerService/LKMLink.aspx?LinkRefName=API+RP+5L1+-+2002&RefGroupId=30http://linkmanager.ihs.com/LinkManagerService/LKMLink.aspx?LinkRefName=API+RP+5L1+-+2002&RefGroupId=30http://standards/Docs/SAES/PDF/SAES-H-200.PDF

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bottom pipe may be excluded from the mass of the stack. In the case of stacking

pipe of equal diameter and wall thickness the factor nequals the number ofrows in the stack.

7.4 If the bottom pipe is supported by a number (B) of flat bearing strips of not lessthan 100 mm wide, the static load stress shall be calculated using equation (1):

Stress = f (D)nL

B

D

tLn

D

2t

(1)

Where: Ln is natural logarithm.

f = 9.05 x 10-4

for metric units

= 0.2 for Customary Units

n = stacking load factor defined in paragraph 7.3

L = length of pipe, m

B = effective number of bearing strips.

D = nominal OD of pipe, mm

t = nominal wall thickness of pipe, mm

The maximum number of effective bearing strips used in the calculation shall bethat which corresponds to a center to center distance of 3 pipe diameters.

Although the actual bearing strips may be spaced closer than 3D, the static load

stress will not be reduced proportionally.

If equation (1) is used, the pipe may be stacked in a square pattern withseparator strips between rows. The number of separator strips shall be equal to

the number of bearing strips under the bottom row.

7.5 If the bottom pipe is placed directly on a flat continuous surface, the static loadstress shall be calculated (for pipe stacked in a square pattern) by equation (2):

[Stress =3WD

t0.239 0.318 (n 1)+ ] (2)

where: W = force caused by the mass of pipe in bottom layer per unitlength, N/m

D = nominal OD of pipe, mm

t = nominal wall thickness of pipe, mm

n = stacking load factor defined in paragraph 7.3

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7.6 If the bottom pipe is placed on continuous longitudinal supports which arecontoured to contact the pipe at the 5 and 7 o'clock positions, or on transverse

bearing strips, which are contoured to contact the pipe for a minimum include

angle of 60, and are at least 100 mm wide and spaced no more than 3D/4t apart,the static load stress shall be calculated by equation (3):

[Stress =3WD

t0 066 0132 1. . (+ n ]) (3)

The pipe must be stacked in a staggered pattern so that each pipe in the stack iscontinuously supported by two pipes in the row below. Pipe at the sides of stack

shall be laterally supported by contoured blocks, spaced no more than 3D/4t

apart.

7.7 If transverse bearing strips are used, whether flat or contoured, they shall beleveled to provide uniform load distribution.

7.8 Pipe and pipe nests shall be laid down carefully to avoid excessive shock loads.

8 Nesting

8.1 Nesting pipe shall be done in accordance with a procedure designed to avoid

scratching and/or other damage to the ends and outside and inside surfaces of

the pipes. The interior of the pipe shall be free from cuttings and foreign

objects.

8.2 The smaller pipe shall be inserted into the large pipe so that the former issupported at not less than two points at all times and true alignment is

maintained during the operation.

8.3 The front end of the inside pipe shall be kept free from the inside surface of thelarger pipe by means of a wheel carriage, by suitable fibrous material wrapped

around the end of the inside pipe, or by equally suitable means. In the case ofspiral welded pipe a wheel carriage shall be used.

8.4 The end of the outside pipe shall be kept free of the outside surface of the

smaller pipe by proper alignment of the latter or by means of a roller supporting

the inside pipe.

8.5 The inside pipe may be pushed through or pulled with hook and wire. In either

case the contact face shall be lined with brass, rubber, wood or other suitable

material to prevent end damage.

8.6 The inside pipe shall be left to rest free inside the larger pipe unless there is amandatory requirement to increase the friction between the pipes in the nest. In

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the latter case suitable strands of straw braid or sisal rope shall be wrappedaround the smaller pipe covering a length not less than 150 mm from the end. In

no case shall wooden wedges be inserted in the space between the pipes of a

nest. Such wooden wedges are likely to cause deformation of the pipe wall whennests are rotated or lifted by means of end hooks.

8.7 The pipes in a nest shall be aligned at one end to allow safe handling in a slanted

position when necessary.

9 De-Nesting

9.1 Denesting of pipe shall be done according to a procedure designed to avoid

deformation or other damages to the pipe ends. Any straw braid or othermaterial stuffed into the space between the pipes of a nest shall be removed prior

to denesting.

9.2 The inside pipe shall be pulled out by a suitably lined hook in such a manner

that the pipe will be received on rollers or supports set to maintain properalignment during the entire operation until the inside pipe is completely free.

10 Shipping Space

10.1 The shipping space selected shall allow loading and unloading of line pipe withminimum risk of damage to the pipe. The risk of damage depends to a large

extent on the size of the hatches, the space between decks of the vessel, and the

stowing method. The hatches shall be large enough to allow the pipe to pass ina horizontal position with not less than 600 mm clearance at each end.

10.2 In the event that the use of less suitable shipping space cannot be avoided,

additional care during loading and unloading must be enforced by continuous

supervision in order to avoid damage to the pipe.

Commentary Note:

For resolution of questions on ship storage and inland transportation consult withMaterial Distribution Department, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran.

Revision Summary17 November 2008 Revised the "Next Planned Update". Reaffirmed the contents of the document and

reissued with no other changes.

235675287-01-SAMSS-024

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