2.3.5 Residential Foundations 0

7/26/2019 2.3.5 Residential Foundations 0

1/19

Residential Foundations

He who has not first laid his foundations maybe able with great ability to lay them

afterwards, but they will be laid with trouble to

the architect and danger to the building.

Niccolo Machiavelli(14! " 1#$%&,The Prince
http://www.quotationspage.com/quotes/Niccolo_Machiavelli/http://www.quotationspage.com/quotes/Niccolo_Machiavelli/


2/19

Foundations

' ur)ose

' *onsiderations

' +y)es of Foundations -hallow Foundations

' -)read Footings

' -tri) Foundations

' -lab"on"rade and +hic/ened -labs


3/19

ur)ose of Foundations

' rovide a level, stablesurface to safely

su))ort a building

' +ransfer building loads to soil' 0nchor the building from wind, flood, and

seismic loads


4/19

esign *onsiderations

' 2oads from the structure

' 0llowable soil bearing )ressure

' Frost de)th' Flood elevation

' rainage

' *osts


5/19

2oads from the -tructure

Foundations Must Resist

'ead 2oad

3eight of building'2ive 2oad

3eight of occu)ants,

furniture, and e5ui)ment

'2ateral 2oads

3ind

3-eismic activity

3Flood

-672 R80*+76N-


6/19

0llowable -oil 9earing ressure

' 7ndicates the ma:imum )ressure that a soil

may be designed to su))ort

' +y)ically )resented in )ounds )er s5uare foot()sf&

' ifferent ty)es of soils have different

allowable soil bearing )ressures


7/19

-oil 7nformation

' 2ocal building de)artment, codes, and regulations

' reliminary information;


8/19

Frost e)th

' Free>ing of soil can cause heaving of

foundations

' -ilt or clay soils with a high water table are

highly susce)tible to frost

efense

' 9uild base of foundation below frost de)th

' rovide frost )rotection for foundation


9/19

Frost Heave


10/19

Frost e)th *ontour Ma)


11/19

Flood 8levation

' 7nundation by flood

waters should be

avoided

amage to structure amage to contents

' Height of floors is

dictated by buildingcodes and should be

above flood levels

*ourtesy Federal 8mergency Management 0gency. hotogra)her

ave -aville.


12/19

Flood 7nsurance Rate Ma) (F7RM&

0ffordable Home -ite

F7RM area available on the F8M0 online Ma) -ervice at htt);==msc.fema.gov

9ase Flood 8levation
http://msc.fema.gov/http://msc.fema.gov/


13/19

rainage

' round should be slo)ed away from the building

' rovide drainage )i)e along continuous

foundations

' round floor should be located ? @? abovegrade


14/19

rainage

@?


15/19

-hallow Foundations

+ransfers loads to the soil very near thesurface

-)read footing or stri) footing -lab"on"grade


16/19

-)read (*olumn& Footing

0 footing that s)reads

the load over a broad

area which su))orts one(or a few& load(s&


17/19

*ontinuous (-tri)& Foundation

0 wide stri) of reinforced

concrete that su))orts

loads from a bearing wall


18/19

+H7*A8N8

-209

022

-209"6N"

R08

-lab"on"rade

and +hic/ened -lab-lab"on"rade Reinforced

concrete floor su))orted by soil

+hic/ened -lab 0 slab on gradewith an integral footing created

by thic/ening the slab


19/19

Residential Foundations

' ur)ose' *onsiderations

' +y)es of Foundations

-hallow Foundations' -)read Footings

' -tri) Foundations

' -lab"on"rade

' +hic/ened -labs

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