2225 00 1 Spring 2015 Introduction

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PHYSICS 2225

Physics Lab IIFor S & E

Spring 2015


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Acknowledgments

Many thanks to those individuals who spent countless hours brainstorming, writing, revising,and rewriting in an effort to make these lab manuals clear, user-friendly, and instructive.Individuals of note include Kevin Davenport, Keyton Clayson, Matt Briggs, Jason Farley,Maureen Gilbert, Mark Hollier, Rick Jacob, Adam Johnston, Nate Jones, Gernot Laicher, Tomo

Nagai, and Sid Rudolph.

Important Information for People with Disabilities

The University of Utah seeks to provide equal access to its programs, services and activities forpeople with disabilities. If you will need accommodations in the class, reasonable prior noticeneeds to be given to the Center for Disability Services, 162 Olpin Union Building, 581-5020(V/TDD). CDS will work with you and the instructor to make arrangements foraccommodations.

All written information in this course can be made available in alternative format with priornotification to the Center for Disability Services.

For your convenience, please fill in the missing information below

Your Name: _____________________________________________

Course and Section: _____________________________________________

Class Meeting Time: _____________________________________________

Lab Director: Gernot LaicherOffice: 410 South PhysicsPhone: 801-585-5553

E-mail: [email protected] Page: http://www.physics.utah.edu/~gernot/gernot.html

There is a website for the Physics Elementary Labs at:

http://www.physics.utah.edu/~gernot/elem_labs/labs.html

This web page contains a lot of important information. Please use it.

In addition to the website we will use Canvas to provide a convenient venue to ask questions andget answers.

https://go.utah.edu/cas/login?service=https%3A%2F%2Futah.instructure.com%2Flogin%2Fcas

You can also check on Canvas what scores were recorded for you. You should always doublecheck to make sure the TA did not make a mistake in recording or forgot to record a score. Thisis especially advisable towards the end of the semester. Contact your TA to get mistakes rectifiedas soon as possible.


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2225 COURSE OVERVIEW

Welcome to the Introductory Physics Laboratories! Please take note of the following.

FOREWORD

The laboratory program that you will undertake in this course and the succeeding one isdesigned to introduce you to multiple components of the experimental nature of physics. Ofcourse, you will learn to use the "tools of the trade": timers, meter sticks, balances,thermometers, power supplies, electrical meters, the PC, and others. Finally, you will synthesizeall the above skills in designing one or more experiments, executing them, and then writing acomplete report according to the protocol provided.

We make an attempt to have the program of lab activities follow the lecture program in thelecture sequence. However, please realize that different lecturers move through the subjectmatter at different paces. Therefore, it is possible that a lab activity deals with physics not yetcovered in the lecture course. When this happens the lab TAs can spend extra time during the

introduction explaining the physics you need to know to do the lab. It is even possible that oneor more lab activities will deal with subject matter that is never covered in the lecture sequence.It is imperative that you study the lab before coming to class. This will help youmanage your time in the lab.

PREREQUISITES

This course is designed to accompany the Physics 2210 and 2220 sequence. Physics 2215 shouldbe taken concurrently or after you take 2210 and Physics 2225 should be taken concurrently orafter you take Physics 2220. Physics 2215 should be taken prior to Physics 2225.

ADDING, DROPPING, WITHDRAWING

Last day to add without permission code: Monday, January 19th.Last day to drop (delete) classes: Wednesday, January 21st.Last day to register: Monday, January 26th.Last day to withdraw from classes: Friday, March 6th.

Permission codes to add this class will be required starting on Tuesday, January 20th.Contact the Elementary Lab Director for the permission code.

PLEASE NOTE: You will NOT get a permission code before January 20 thand there is nowaiting list for permission codes. Before January 20thyou can add the class without permissioncode, as long as the section has less people enrolled than specified by the enrollment cap(typically 24 ). If the enrollment cap has been reached, you cannot add the class. You shouldkeep looking at the enrollment numbers (people keep switching sections) and quickly add theclass as soon as the number drops below the enrollment cap. If on or after January 20 tha space

becomes available in that section, you may contact the lab director ([email protected]) to ask for a permission code for the open seat.

FIRST Week of Classes

Physics 22255 will not meet during the first week of classes. However, you need to go on Canvas


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and watch the introductory video for this class. In this video, course policies and objectives arediscussed. You will also need to do homework 1 (it is due at the beginning of the first labactivity). In the first week of classes, your lab TA (if already assigned at that time) will beavailable during the first hour of the regularly scheduled lab time in the elementary lab area (forany 7:30am class the TA will be there from 9:30am-10:30am). In addition, the lab director willhave office hours (see lab directors web page for current office hours).

LAB STRUCTURE

In preparationfor an upcoming lab, you are expected to do the following at home:1. Do any homework that is due for this lab.2. Familiarize yourself with the scope of the Physics subjects by reading through the

upcoming lab activity.3. If necessary, refresh your knowledge of the relevant Physics topics by reading/studying a

suitable Physics textbook.4. Contact your TA (or any other TA teaching another section of the same course) by e-mail

or during office hours regarding questions on how to do the homework or aboutquestions regarding the Physics subject matter.

The lab sessionis structured as follows:1. At the beginning of the lab session any homework associated with the current lab must

be submitted. Each student must submit his/her own homework.2.

There will be a short discussion at the start of every lab session. Be sure to be on time,because this discussion will be vital to your ability to complete the lab.

3. The lab work will follow the discussion and will be performed in groups of two students.4.

The lab TA will be available to answer questions and help you when you get stuck.5. At the end of the lab session a lab write-up must be submitted by each group. Please

write both names of the participating students on this lab write-up.

IMPORTANT: Once your homework and lab reports are graded you will receivethem back TEMPORARILY. After you have had a chance to look at your grade you

need to return your homework/lab reports to your TA, who will keep them. Youshould return these reports and homework within a week. The lab reports andhomework will become property of the Physics Department.

ATTENDING OTHER SECTIONS

You must do your lab in the section for which you are registered. In general, you may not attendother sections. Exceptions are only granted by the lab director in some severe circumstances(see also the section on MISSING A LAB below).

CONTENT OVERVIEW

There are three distinct kinds of activities you will encounter this term: Homework,Minilabs, and Experiments. Homeworkconsists of a reading assignment and a set ofproblems. The Minilabis an experimental activity, done in the lab in groups of two or threestudents (no more than 3 - unless very specifically authorized by the TA in advance), and the lab

write-up is normally turned in at the end of the lab session in which the work was done. AnExperimentis a lab activity for which less detailed instructions are given. To a greater extend(compared to a Minilab) you are put in charge of designing the Experiment. In addition, anexperiment involves a detailed lab report, written by you in the form of a scientific paper. The


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experiment is still done in groups of two or three. However, each member of the group mustwrite their own report (a copy or a close rephrasing of your lab partners report is unacceptable).

DUE DATES

Homework: Due before each weekly lab activity is started. Each individual must turn in

their own homework.Labs: Due at the end of the lab period. Each group only turns in one lab write-up.

Make sure both names are written on the lab write-up.Experimentallab reports: Due one week after the experiment was performed. Late reports will have 5% of

their score deducted for each day that they are late. A lab report that is 20 dayslate will thus receive an automatic zero credit.

GRADING

Physics 2225 is a graded one credit hour course. Grades of A, B, C, D, and E will be assigned onthe basis of your performance in the course.

Homework is graded on a scale of 0-10 points by the TA.Lab write-ups are graded on a scale of 0-20 points by the TA.Experimental lab reports are graded on a scale of 0-40 points by the TA.

There are no quizzes, midterm exams, or final exams. Therefore, your grade will depend solelyon your homework and lab write-up grades.

The final grade you receive is determined by the lab director at the end of the semester. The labdirector determines your final grade using a method that takes into account the average score inall the sections taught by your TA. This method ensures that you are not favored or punished byan excessively lenient or harsh TA.

PROCEDURE FOR DISPUTING A RECEIVED GRADE

Any grievances about received grades in homework, lab write-ups, and experimental lab reportsshould initially be addressed to your TA. Please explain to the TA in detail where and why youdisagree with his/her grading and submit the assignment in question to your TA for a re-grade.In cases in which you and the TA are not able to resolve the dispute about the grading, you maycontact the lab director for further advice. The lab director will make a final decision on the caseafter consulting both the TA and the student about the matter. The lab director may request that

both the TA and the student meet with him in his office to discuss the issue.Complaints about the final grade received in the class should be addressed directly to the labdirector.

IMPROPER CONDUCT

Improper conduct may result in zero or reduced credit for a homework or lab write-up and mayresult in a failing grade for the class.Improper conduct includes, but is not limited to:

1.

Copying results of lab activities from other groups and submitting them as yourown.


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2. Copying results of homework from others and submitting it as your own.3. Fabricating data.4. Deliberate destruction of laboratory equipment.5. Stealing laboratory equipment.6.

Deliberate activities that impair the operation of the computers (e.g., deliberateinstallation of computer viruses/worms, etc.).

7.

Not following safety advice.

To clarify, the following behavior is not considered improper:

1. Working on homework together with another student - as long as both students aregaining a full understanding of the results and are both contributing to the results.Nevertheless, each student must still submit a separate homework to the TA.

2. Asking another group in the lab: How did you do that? However, after you have gainedsuch knowledge from another group, please return to your lab setup and do this activity

yourself.

3. Accidental destruction of equipment. Please notify your TA immediately so that we canreplace the destroyed or malfunctioning equipment for you and those in the followinggroups.

MISSING A LAB OR HOMEWORK / MAKING UP A MISSED LAB OR MISSEDHOMEWORK

Due to the large number of students and sections, we have a fairly strict method of dealing withmissed labs:

1.

At the end of the semester, there will be a lab session for which we have not scheduledany regular lab activity. If you have missed lab activities during the preceding weeks, you

will be allowed to make up one of these missed lab activities.2. We drop the lowest scores of your lab write-ups (Minilabs). If you did all the

labs, this will be the lowest of your scores. If you missed a lab and didnt make it up, thezero is the dropped score.

3.

Labs which were missed due to participation in University-sponsored activities(e.g., if you are a member of a University athletic team and had to be at a competitionduring your lab time) can all be made up. Please contact the lab director in suchcircumstances and provide him with advance notice (at least 1 week in advance) of yourabsence so that proper arrangements for making up the missed lab can be made.

4. Severe circumstances: If you feel that severe circumstances are preventing you frommissing more than two lab activities, you may contact the lab director. He will hear yourcase, discuss your options, and may grant permission to make up a missed lab.In cases of up to two missed lab activities (or one missed experiment) your options aregenerally limited to having them considered the dropped labs thus, in principle youcan still get 100% credit in the class in such cases. Exceptions are only granted by the labdirector in some severe circumstances

5.

Homework cannot be made up at the end of the semester .6.

If you participate in a lab activity, the homework is due at the beginning of that labactivity. You will not be able to submit it at a later point.

7. If you miss a lab, you have two options on how to deal with the missedhomework:

a) Submit the homework early to your TA if you know in advance that you will missthe lab.

a. Submit the homework as quickly as possible, but no later than 1 week late to your


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TA if you miss a lab but didnt know in advance about it (e.g., you overslept oryour car broke down on the way to the University).In either case, please make sure you e-mail to your TA that you want to submitthis homework to his/her mailbox. Then drop it into the TAs mailbox, afterhaving it dated and signed by the Physics Department Secretary. Do not submit

your homework/lab reports to the Lab Director's mailbox. Get it to

your TA. All TA's maintain mailboxes in the vicinity of room 201 JFB (NorthPhysics). If you cannot find a mailbox, please ask the secretary for help.

\Printing please read before printing!

Please, before you print out anything on our printers in the lab, always use Print Preview tomake sure that you are only printing what you need to print.

For example, when you want to print out a graph from a spreadsheet, do not simply selectPrint from the menu of Excel because you might be printing out reams of paper filled withnumbers.

If you first use Print Preview you will find out that this is what would happen.

In this example, if you first click on the graph and thus select it you will see that the PrintPreview only shows the graph. You can then also still adjust other printer options to optimizethe print.

By following this simple precaution, you can help reduce the waste of paper resulting fromprinting out unwanted things.

Thank you!


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2225 COURSE CONTENT

# Homework Name Page #

1 Standing Waves and Excel Spreadsheet 1-4

2 Working With Electronic Equipment 35-38

3 Analog Circuits / Digital Circuits 83-112

4 An Investigation Into RC Circuits 129-140

Experiment 1 (ungraded but required homework no number) 167-170

5 Diffraction Grating and the Spectrometer 227-238

# Mini Lab Name Page #

1 Standing Waves 5-24

2 A Look at Sound 25-34

3 Working with Electronic Equipment 39-82

4 Analog Circuits / Digital Circuits 113-128

5 Resistors, Capacitors, and RC Circuits 141-152

6 Magnetic Fields 153-166

7 Faraday's Law 181-190

8 Optics I: Activities with Light Rays 191-2069 Optics II: Spherical Lenses and Optical Instruments 207-216

10 Optics III: Physical Optics 217-226

11 The Spectrometer 239-250

# Experiment Name Page #

1 Measurement of e/m for the Electron 171-180

Instructions for / example of an experiment lab report 251-262


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2225 Course Schedule

Activity#

Please, look at the lab schedule tables on thefollowing pages for the exact dates of lab activities.Homework is always due before the start of the lab

with which it is associated.

Watch introductory video on Canvas. Do homework 1.

1Homework 1: Standing Waves & Excel Spreadsheet

Minilab 1: Standing Waves

2 Minilab 2: A Look at Sound

3Homework 2: Working with Electronic EquipmentMinilab 3: Working with Electronic Equipment

4 Homework 3: Analog Circuits / Digital CircuitsMinilab 4: Analog Circuits / Digital Circuits

5Homework 4: An Investigation Into RC CircuitsMinilab 5: Resistors, Capacitors, and RC Circuits

6 Minilab 6: Magnetic Fields

7Homework (no number): e/m Experiment

(Do the e/m-experiment in this week, report due next week)

8

Experiment: Measurement of e/m for the Electron (reportdue)

Minilab 7:Faradays Law9 Minilab 8: Optics Lab I: Activities with Light Rays

10Minilab 9: Optics Lab II: Spherical Lenses and OpticalInstruments

11 Minilab 10: Optics Lab III: Physical Optics

12Homework 5: Diffraction GratingMinilab 11: The Spectrometer

Make up a missed lab activity


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La b Schedu l e f o r Th u r sday Sec t i on s ( 1, 2 , 3 )

Lab # Name of Lab Date

Watch introductory video on Canvas. Do homework 1. 1/15/2015

ML 1 Standing Waves 1/22/2015

ML 2 A Look At Sound 1/29/2015ML 3 Working With Electronic Equipment 2/5/2015

ML 4 Analog Circuits / Digital Circuits 2/12/2015

ML 5 Resistors, Capacitors, and RC Circuits 2/19/2015

ML 6 Magnetic Fields 2/26/2015

E 1 e / m Experiment 3/5/2015

ML 7 Faradays Law 3/12/2015

ML 8 Optics I: Activities With Light Rays 3/26/2015

ML 9 Optics II: Spherical Lenses and Optical Instruments 4/2/2015

ML 10 Optics III: Physical Optics 4/9/2015

ML 11 The Spectrometer 4/16/2015

Make up one missed lab 4/23/2015

Lab Schedu l e f o r F r i d a y Sec t i o n ( 4 )

Lab # Name of Lab Date

Watch introductory video on Canvas. Do homework 1. 1/16/2015

ML 1 Standing Waves 1/23/2015

ML 2 A Look At Sound 1/30/2015

ML 3 Working With Electronic Equipment 2/6/2015

ML 4 Analog Circuits / Digital Circuits 2/13/2015

ML 5 Resistors, Capacitors, and RC Circuits 2/20/2015

ML 6 Magnetic Fields 2/27/2015

E 1 e / m Experiment 3/6/2015

ML 7 Faradays Law 3/13/2015

ML 8 Optics I: Activities With Light Rays 3/27/2015

ML 9 Optics II: Spherical Lenses and Optical Instruments 4/3/2015

ML 10 Optics III: Physical Optics 4/10/2015ML 11 The Spectrometer 4/17/2015

Make up one missed lab 4/24/2015

2225 00 1 Spring 2015 Introduction

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