22228112 Gerunds and Infinitives

8/8/2019 22228112 Gerunds and Infinitives

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FCE B - Grammar reference


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1. ...is used after these ain verbs:

Admit Appreciate Consider Delay Deny Detest Dislike

Enjoy Escape Face Feel like Finish Forgive Give up

Imagine Involve Mention Mind Miss Postpone Practise

Prefer Put off Recommend Resent Risk Suggest Understand

e.g.: I appreciate going to themovies with her.

You need tofinish reading that book.


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2. ...is used after an adjective, verb or noun

followed by a preposition:

e.g.:Shes really good at swimmingHeapologised for arriving late.I quitelike thethought of working in a travel agency.


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3. ...is also usedinsome fixedexpressions:

e.g.:I cant bear listening to people who complain.I cant help feeling that hes cheating us.That bookisnot worth reading.


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1. ...is used after thesemain verbs:Afford Agree Appear Arrange Ask Attempt ear egin

Care Choose Consent Decide Determine Expect Fail Forget

Happen Hate Help Hesitate Hope Intend Learn Like

Love Manage Mean Offer Prefer Prepare Pretend Promise

Propose Refuse Remember Seem Start Swear Try Wish Want

e.g.: I cant afford to eat in that restaurant.

I hate to goshopping with Alice,I prefer to go there with my family.


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2. ...is used after some adjectives:e.g.: I washappy to see her.

They werewrong to refuse.

3. ...is used after somenouns:e.g.:Shenever regretted her decision to be a teacher.

Itstime to leave.He hasnowish to become involvedin thematter.

4. ...is also used toexpress purpose:

e.g.: I wanna go toMontralto visit my cousins.


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o These verbs are followed by object +

infinitive with to :

Advise Allow Ask Cause Command Encourage Expect

Forbid Force Get Hate Help Instruct Intend

Invite Leave Like Mean Need Oblige Order

Permit Persuade Prefer Press Recommend Remind Request

Teach Tell Tempt Trouble Want Warn Wish

e.g.:Heasked me to help him.

Her parentsforbade her to see Tom again.The principalrecommended us to stop fighting.


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1. ...is used after these main verbs followed by an object+ infinitive (without to):letlet,makemake, hearhear, helphelp and seesee.

e.g.:The teacher made us repeat the exercises.Their parents dont let them stay out late.We heard his play in Zurich.

WatchWatch Out!Out! Inpassivepassive sentencessentences, the verbs above arefollowed by an infinitive withwith to.to.e.g.:My parents let mestay out late.

I am allowed to stay out late by my parents.


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2. ...is used after modal verbs.

e.g.:You must leave now!

Shecan sleep here.

3. ...is used after would rather/had better:e.g.:Youd better comeinnow.


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1. Cant bear/stand, hate,like,love, preferWhen these verbs above are used with the

infinitive ,they refer tomorespecific situations.When they are used with thegerund, they refer tomoregeneralsitutions.Thedifferenceinmeaningis very slight:

e.g.: I prefer to workon a computer than to write by hand.I cant standlistening to her complaining all the time.


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2) Remember, forget, regret,stop, try

remember/forget ing refers to na action t atappene before t emoment of

remembering/forgetting;remember/forget infinitive refers to an action

after t emoment of remember/forgetting.e.g.:I r r s i yo some ere efore (= t at I ave seen

yo )Di yo r r t l c t e door?S e ad com letely f r tt t lli im a o t er rot er.

I f r t t iv Sally t e ook.


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Regret + ing meansbe sorryabout an action

in the past.

Regret + infinitivemeansbe sorryabout anactionin the past

e.g.: I regret going to the party last night

I regret to have to tell you that your car hasbeenstolen.


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Stop + ing meansstop something you do

Stop + infinitive with to meansstopin order to

do something

e.g.: I stopped drinking coffee becauseit kept

me awake at night.

We stopped to have a coffeeon the way home.


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Try + ing meansdoan experiment (doing the

actionmay not besuccessful)

Try + infinitivemeansmake an effort(theactionmay bedifficult or impossible todo)

e.g.:Try studing at a different timeofday it

might suit you better.

Try to study at regular times.

22228112 Gerunds and Infinitives

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