21st Century Tech Plan - Planning for 21st Century Technologies
21st Century Aircraft and Airspace Require 21st Century ...Airmanship Chris Lutat BOMBARDIER Safety...
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21st Century Aircraft and Airspace Require 21st Century Airmanship Chris Lutat BOMBARDIER Safety Standdown Advisory Council Chairman EBAA Safety Conference 29-30 November 2018
Transcript of 21st Century Aircraft and Airspace Require 21st Century ...Airmanship Chris Lutat BOMBARDIER Safety...
21st Century Aircraft and Airspace Require 21st Century Airmanship
Chris Lutat
BOMBARDIER Safety StanddownAdvisory Council Chairman
EBAA Safety Conference 29-30 November 2018
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EBAA Safety Conference 29-30 November 2018
Compelling Issues of our Time
Photo: CNBC
Will automation and technology continue to factor in aviation accidents world-wide?
Why do automation and technology continue to disappoint us in how it performs?
Photo: The Guardian
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EBAA Safety Conference 29-30 November 2018
Automation Wisdom
We tend to forget that automation performs only as good
as the people who use it.
We create and implement new systems to raise our
performance – without becoming familiar with the failure
modes that can bring our performance down.
Automation and technology promise to make easy things
that by their nature are hard. We have “delegated” the
handling of the problem, but not the responsibility for its
safe outcome.
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EBAA Safety Conference 29-30 November 2018
CNS: An Evolution
• Equipment
• Procedures
• Navigation
• Integration with ATC
• Safety Management
• Oversight
• How about some others?
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An Example: Modern Airspace
Navigation, Surveillance:• RNAV 5• RNAV 2• RNAV 1• Basic RNP 1• RNP APRCH• RNP AR
“NextGen” Services:• ADS-B• OPD• OAPM• Multiple Runway Operations• RECAT• PBN• WAAS/LPV
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Mastering a New Way of Flying
A natural progression of both technology and airspace optimization
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Mastering a New Way of Flying
What operators don’t need to know:
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What Pilots Must Know about an RF Leg
“A constant radius turn between two database fixes, where the inbound and outbound paths are tangent to the arc, and a center fix is also specified.” (MITRE)
• Skilled, expert pilots program the automation… and then back it up
• Mode logic enforces the constraints, that sequence the modes, which provide guidance of the aircraft
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Automation Wisdom
If pilots understand the basics of the RF Leg (say,
in unusually high winds), they will understand the
limits of the airplane’s automated systems to
comply with a constraint—and likely lead to
actions to stay within their clearance limit, terrain
limits, or other constraint.
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What Technology Demands from Professionals
• To be experts before we are asked to engage its use
• To use the same raw human abilities today that we
had in 1929
• To engage its use not blindly, but with cautious
confidence
• To challenge its control with principles that can be
applied in all situations, in all conditions
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9 Principles of Automation Airmanship®
• Planning
• Briefing and Debriefing
• Data Entry
• Communicating
• Monitoring
• Situational and Mode Awareness
• Workload Management
• Positive Flight Path Control
• Logic KnowledgeConvergent Proprietary 2018
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The 5th Principle : Monitoring
The Pilot-In-Command maintains clear authority over crew & automation. Flight path decisions are made by the crew, not the automation; automation acts with crew consent only.
As automation suggests configuration and/or mode changes, crewmembers demonstrate full awareness & control over the aircraft.
Pilots “ monitor the monitoring” and manage both the spotlight of each crewmember and the rate that information enters and leaves the flight deck.
Convergent Proprietary 2018
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The 9th Principle: Logic Knowledge
Pilots apply knowledge of Flight Management System, Autoflight System, and knowledge of automated aircraft systems to decision making.
Crew communications and briefings include accurate modeling of expected and anticipated automated actions.
SMA is positively impacted by the crew’s knowledge of flight and mission computer logic. Crewmembers demonstrate ease in using and discussing automation.
Convergent Proprietary 2018
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EBAA Safety Conference 29-30 November 2018
A Final Question:
How can the global community of
operators bring this kind of
knowledge to a broad audience
of users?
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BOMBARDIER SAFETY STANDDOWN
Automation Wisdom
“ Man is not as good as the black box for certain specific things,
however, he is more flexible and reliable. He is easily maintained
and can be reproduced by relatively unskilled labor.”
-Wing Commander H. P. Ruffel Smith, RAF
Automation Wisdom
Questions?
