218557755 Thread Fastener
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Transcript of 218557755 Thread Fastener
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Threaded FastenersChapter 11
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Introduction
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FASTENING TYPE
1. PermanentWelding Gluing Riveting
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FASTENING TYPE
2.1 Threaded fastener
- bolts
- studs- screws
2. Temporary
2.2 Non-threaded fastener
- keys
- pin
key
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THREAD APPLICATION
1. To hold parts together.
2. To move part(s) relative to others.
Part A Part B
Part C
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THREAD APPLICATION
1. To hold parts together.
2. To move part(s) relative to others.
Wood working vise Palm fruit pressing machine
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External (male)thread
In ternal (female)
thread
THREAD TERMINOLOGY
A thread cut on the outs ideof
a cylindrical body.
A thread cut on the ins ideof
a cylindrical body.
Internal thread
External thread
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Right-handthread
Thread that will assemblewhen
turned c lockwise.
Left-hand
thread
Thread that will assemblewhen
turned counter-c lockwise.
THREAD TERMINOLOGY
Turnbuckle use RH and LH thread ateach end to double displacement.
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Crest
Root
Thread angle
THREAD TERMINOLOGY
The peak edgeof a thread.
The bot tom of the thread cut into
a cylindrical body.
The angle between threads faces.
Internal ThreadExternal Thread
CrestRoot
Thread angle
CrestRoot
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Major d iameter
The largest diameteron
an internal or external thread.
Minor diameterThe smal lest diameteron
an internal or external thread.
Internal ThreadExternal Thread
Minord
ia.
Majord
ia.
THREAD TERMINOLOGY
Minord
ia.
Majord
ia.
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Pitch
The distance between crests of
threads.
LeadThe distance a screw will advance
when turned 360o.
THREAD TERMINOLOGY
Internal ThreadExternal Thread
Pitch
Pitch
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Form is the profile shape of the
thread.Thread Form
THREAD TERMINOLOGY
Example:
knuckle thread form
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EXTERNAL THREAD CUTTING
Tools
Operation
Threading Die
Die stock
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Twist drillTools
Tap
Tap wrench
Operation
INTERNAL THREAD CUTTING
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COMPARISON OF THREAD CUTTING
External Thread
Internal Thread
Major Dia.
Minor Dia.
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Thread Drawing
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1. Detailedrepresentation
2. Schematicrepresentation
3. Simpl i f ied representation
THREAD REPRESENTATION
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External thread Internal thread
DETAILED REPRESENTATION
60oPitch
Use slant ing l inesto represent crest and root.Roots and crest are drawn in sharpVs.
Thread runout
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SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION
External thread
Pitch Crest (thin line)Root (thick line)
Use alternate longand shor tlines for representingcrestsand rootsof the thread, respectively.
Internal thread
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SIMPLIFIED REPRESENTATION
External thread Internal thread
Use th ick cont inuous l inesfor representing crest
and th in cont inuou s l inesfor representing roo tof
the thread, respectively.
Pitch/2
Root
Crest
Thread runout
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SIMPLIFIED REPRESENTATION
External thread Internal thread
Sectional view
Use th ick cont inuous l inesfor representing crest
and th in cont inuou s l inesfor representing roo tof
the thread, respectively.
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ISO (METRIC) THREAD
External
thread
Internalthread
Center of thread assembly
60o
Pitch, P
P/4
P/8
Thread assemble occurs if and only if both (internal & external)
thread have an equal nom inal size (or diameter)and pi tch.
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Nominalsize
Majordiameter
Pitch Minordiameter
Tap drill size
M6 6.00 1.00 4.92 5.00
M8 8.00 1.25 6.65 6.75
M10 10.00 1.50 8.38 8.50
M12 12.00 1.75 10.11 10.00
METRIC COARSE THREAD
Minordiameter = MajordiameterPitch
Minor diameter Tap drill size
[Table 9.1]
Metric thread
In thread drawing, the following relationship is used.
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Nominalsize
Majordiameter
Pitch Minordiameter
Tap drill size
M8 8.000.75 7.188 7.25
1.00 6.917 7.00
M10 10.00
0.75 9.188 9.25
1.00 8.917 9.00
1.25 8.647 8.75
METRIC FINE THREAD[Table 9.2]
Minordiameter = MajordiameterPitch
Minor diameter Tap drill size
In thread drawing, the following relationship is used.
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Thread Length
DRAWING STEPS OF
EXTERNAL THREAD
Starting
position
Draw
thread
axisMajordia.
Minordia.
Draw
45oChamfer
Draw line making
30owith thread axisDraw a circle thatrepresents a crest.
Draw an arc thatrepresents a root.
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Internal Thread
1. Through threaded hole
DRAWING STEPS OF
THREADED HOLE
Draw
thread
axisMajordia.
Minordia.
Draw a root
Draw a crestSectional view
Draw a circle thatrepresents a crest.
Draw an arc thatrepresents a root
.
root
crest
Section lines are drawn
into the crest of a thread.
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Minordia.
DRAWING STEPS OF
THREADED HOLE
2. Blinded threaded hole
Draw
thread
axisMajordia.
Hole depth
Thread depthDraw a circle thatrepresents a crest.
Draw an arc thatrepresents a root
.
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DRAWING STEPS OF
THREADED HOLE
2. Blinded threaded holeSectional view
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DIMENSIONING EXTERNAL THREAD
M10 1.5
1.0 Fine thread
Coarse thread
xxThread
length
Uselocal noteto specify :- thread form, nom inal s ize,
pi tch(if it is a fine thread)
Usetypical methodto specify :- thread leng th.
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3. Thread form
4. Nominal size
5. Pitch
1. Tap drill size
2. Drill depth
6. Thread depth
8.50 Drill, 20 Deep,
M10 Tapped, 15 Deep
DIMENSIONING THREADED HOLE
Uselocal noteto
specify
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Threaded Fastener
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BOLT : Terminology
Bol t is a threaded cylinder with a head.
Hexagonal head
bolt and nut
Headthickness
Thread length
Length
Widthacross flat
Dimensions of bolts head are
listed in table 9.4.
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Draw
bolt
axis
Draw anend view
of the head
B
Starting
position
H
Draw abolt head
B/2 B/2
30o
Length
Thread Length
Majorf
Draw
body of a bolt
BOLT : Drawing steps
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NUT : Drawing steps
Draw an end viewof the nut
B
H
B/2 B/2
Dimensions of the nut are given in Table 9.14.
Dash lines represent
a threaded hole are
omitted for clarity.
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1. Insert a bolt into
aclearance ho le
2. Insert awasher.
3. Screw anut.
BOLT : Application
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Let s think together
What do you think about the following suggestions for
design improvement?
(B) Use shorter bolt with the
same thread length.
Correct
(C) Reduce the thread length.
Inappropriate
Wrong
(D) Add washer or nut.
(A) Nothing have to be changed.
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Let s think together
What do you think about the following suggestions for
design improvement?
(B) Use a bolt of this length but
has a longer thread length.
(C) Use a longer bolt with the
same thread length.
(D) Add washer.
(A) Nothing have to be changed.
Correct
Inappropriate
Wrong
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Let s think together
What do you think about the following suggestions for
design improvement?
(B) Use a bolt of this length but
has a shorter thread length.
(C) Use a longer bolt with the
same thread length.
(D) Add washer.
(A) Nothing have to be changed.
Correct
Inappropriate
Wrong
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Let s think together
What do you think about the following suggestions for
design improvement?
(A) Use a bolt of this length but
has a shorter thread length.
(B) Use a longer bolt with thesame thread length.
(C) Use a longer bolt by
increasing a thread length
(D) Remove washer.
Correct
Inappropriate
Wrong
L hi k h
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Let s think together
What do you think about the following suggestions for
design improvement ?
(A) Increase the bolt diameter.
(B) Use washer with larger
outside diameter.
(C) Reduce the hole diameter.
(D) Add washer at bolt head.
Correct
Inappropriate
Wrong
L t thi k t th
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Let s think together
What do you think about the following suggestions for
design improvement ?
(B) Use a bolt with shorter
thread length.
(C) Add washer.
(D) Increase drill and thread
depths.
(A) Nothing have to be changed.
Correct
Inappropriate
Wrong
L t thi k t th
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Let s think together
What do you think about the following suggestions for
design improvement ?
(A) Nothing have to be changed.
(B) Use a bolt with slightly
longer thread length.
Correct
Inappropriate
Wrong
STUD T i l
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Studis a headlessbolt, threaded at both ends.
STUD : Terminology
Thread length
Length
Thread length
Drawing
representation
STUD D i t
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Major
f
STUD : Drawing steps
Drawstud
axis Minor
f
Starting
position
Stud Length
Thread Length
Thread Length
Draw
45oChamfer
Draw
45oChamfer
Draw line making
30owith axis
STUD A li ti
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STUD : Application
1. Drill a hole.
3. Screw a stud.
4. Place the part to befastened.
5. Insert washer and
fastened a nut.
2. Tap a hole.
L t thi k t th
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Let s think together
What is the mistake in the following use of stud ?
L t thi k t th
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Let s think together
What is the mistake in the following use of stud ?
CAP SCREW T i l
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Cap sc rew is similar to bolt, but has a longer thread
than a bolt.
CAP SCREW : Terminology
CAP SCREW C t b h l
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CAP SCREW : Counterbore hole
x drill,
fy Cbore,
z deep
xdrill,wdeep,
fyCbore,
zdeep
z
CAP SCREW C t i k h l
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x drill,
CSK to fy
CAP SCREW : Countersink hole
xdrill, wdeep,
CSK to fyy
Draw 90o
SET SCREW Terminolog
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SET SCREW : Terminology
Set sc rewis a threaded cylinder used to prevent
rotation or movement between parts.
SET SCREW : Application
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SET SCREW : Application