21 st Annual Conference. PASSION FOR PERFORMANCE THROUGH CUSTOMER SERVICE TEAMWORK TECHNOLOGY...

21st Annual Conference

PASSION FOR PERFORMANCE THROUGH CUSTOMER SERVICE TEAMWORK TECHNOLOGY LEADING CHANGE OUR PEOPLE COMMUNICATION INNOVATION

JOINT LOGISTICS AND SUPPORT ORGANISATIONJOINT LOGISTICS AND SUPPORT ORGANISATION

Living with Lead:Environmental Management of Active Small Arms Ranges

Harley O’Hagan, NZ Defence Force

Penny Kneebone, Tonkin & Taylor Ltd


JOINT LOGISTICS AND SUPPORT ORGANISATIONJOINT LOGISTICS AND SUPPORT ORGANISATIONOverview

• New Zealand Defence Force (Army, Navy, Air Force) – Joint Logistics & Support Organisation (JLSO)

• Property Group – Environmental Services (8 civilian staff)

• NZDF’s issues – 87,000ha estate – Sustainable land management – Services for Camps/Bases (water, waste, heat, etc) – Statutory planning – Consents & compliance – Environmental education

• Contaminated sites



Small arms ranges

• Hand held firearms• Lead, copper, zinc, nickel,

antimony• Ongoing source of contamination



Typical layout



Contamination at Ranges

• Typical metal concentrations in stop butt sand (mg/kg)

Metal

Stop butt

concentrationsBackground

(ANZECC 1992)

Commercial (NEPM 1999)

Lead 2,000-30,000 <2-200 1,500

Copper 30-10,000 1-190 5,000

Zinc 60-1,000 2-180 35,000

Antimony 10-1,000 4-44 -

Nickel 10-20 2-400 3,000



NZDF’s small arms ranges

• 29 ranges• Coastal to central plateau• Various types, environmental

settings



Approach to management

• Range similarities: overarching guideline

• Differences: individual, site-specific plans



Guideline document

• Review international best practice• Overview environmental issues and management practices

• Risk• Containment

dust

Leaching to groundwater

Transport in groundwater to wells or surface water

Erosion to surface water & sediment

aquatic organisms in surface water &

sediment

range users, maintenance workers

Vegetation, grazing animals

nearby residents

Ingestion & contact

STOP BUTT

GROUNDWATER

RANGE FLOOR

SURFACE WATER



Containment

• Stop butts• Operational controls



Erosion control

• Maintaining stable slopes• Minimising divots• Vegetated riparian buffer strips• Particle size distribution



Stormwater and drainage

• Cut off drains• Sedimentation basins



Source control

• Screening for safety• Small particles prone

to leaching and transport

• Best to contain source, rather than treat it

• On-site disposal in engineered cells



Site specific plans

• Practical, user friendly, easy to read, minimise paperwork

• Non-scientific language• Photographs and pictures• Clear, prescriptive instructions• Use existing maintenance

systems• Consultation with users



Home Valley Range upgrade

• Waiouru Stream• Safety concerns• Frost heave • High intensity use



Solutions implemented

• Stop butts for containment• Free draining• Stormwater diversion• Collecting under-drainage• Capped stockpile• Culverting



Conclusions

• Ongoing source of metals contamination

• Proactive approach - internal management Guidelines

• Stakeholder consultation• Integrate with existing

maintenance• Contain contamination,

minimise amount of material generated

• Environmentally sustainable design simplifies effective management of contamination

21st Annual Conference

21 st Annual Conference. PASSION FOR PERFORMANCE THROUGH CUSTOMER SERVICE TEAMWORK TECHNOLOGY...

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