Outline

Diesel Vehicle Emission Situation in China;

New vehicle emission standards and fuel quality

improvement;

In-use vehicle emission control;

Conclusions;

Diesel Vehicle BC Emissions in 2013

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

2010 2011 2012 2013

Po

pu

lati

on

/1

0 ,

00

0 u

nit

Diesel vehicle population

Small

passenger car

7.9%

Medium

passenger

vehicle

2.6%

Large

passenger

vehicle

4.7%

Mini truck

0.3%

Light duty

truck

32.9%

Medium duty

truck

9.4%

Heavy duty

truck

18.8%

Three-

wheeled truck

12.9%

Low speed

truck

10.6%

Population by vehicle types

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

2010 2011 2012 2013

BC

/1

0 ,

00

0 t

BC emission from diesel vehicles

Small

passenger

2% Medium duty

passenger

vehicle

1% Large

pessenger

26%

Mini and light

duty truck

1%

Medium duty

truck

6%

Heavy duty

truck

61%

There wheeled

and low speed

trucks 3%

BC emission by vehicle types

Before

China

44.65%

China

26.15%

China

7.57%

China

21.34%

China

Ⅵand

above

0.29%

BC emission by

emission standards

China Vehicle Emission

Control Annual Report

National Clean Air Initiatives

京津冀

长三角

珠三角

辽宁中部

山东

海峡西岸长株潭

武汉及周边成渝

新疆乌鲁木齐

陕西关中

山西中北部

甘肃兰白

2017: national 10% PM2.5 concentration reduction

25%

20%

15%

-Beijing: annual PM2.5 mean concentration

below 60μg/m3;

2013:5 billion RMB allocated by the central

government to Jing-Jin-Ji region;

2014:10 billion RMB allocated by the central

government to the three regions;

2013-2017:Beijing government will allocate 50 billion RMB;

State Council CAI Plan

Vehicle and Fuel Standards

Gasoline

Diesel

New Vehicle Standards( by the end of 2013)

2014: Beijing, Shanghai implemented the

China Ⅴ standards for light duty and

heavy duty vehicles; by the end of 2014,

Guangdong will update to China Ⅴ;

2014.10: non-road diesel machineries

updated to China Ⅲ; By the end of 2014: new diesel vehicle PN

requirement or DPFs in Beijing;

By the end of 2014, 50 ppm S diesel

fuel nationally;

By the end of 2017, 10ppm S gasoline

and diesel fuels nationally;

In-Use Vehicle Emission Control

Built and initiated nationally-implemented environmental compliance labeling system;

Increasing scrappage rate of high-emitting vehicles;

- Vehicle driving restriction;

- Financial support to phase out yellow label vehicles;

Green Label Yellow Label

Restriction board for yellow label vehicles

Government subsidies

document for phasing

out yellow label vehicles

Yellow Label Vehicle Phase Out

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

2010 2011 2012 2013

BC

em

issi

on

/10

,00

0 t

黄标车

绿标车

Yellow label

Green label

2014target: 6 million yellow

lable and old vehicles

phased out;

By the end of 2015, almost

all the 5 million yellow label

vehicles in Jing-jin-ji area,

Yangtz River Delta, Pearl

River Delta will be phased

out; nationally all the yellow

label vehicles for buiness

before 2005 will be phased

out;

By the end of 2017:almost

all the yellow label vehicles

phase out nationally;

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

2010 2011 2012 2013

Ve

hic

le p

op

ula

tio

n/1

0 ,

00

0.

un

it

黄标车

绿标车

Yellow label

Green label

2010-2013 Yellow and green label diesel vehicle

population and BC emission trend

In-Use Vehicle Emission Control

Capacity building for vehicle

emission supervision:13 provincial

level institutions,141city-level

institutions

I/M system: Regular vehicle

environmental inspections(Free

acceleration ,Lugdown testing);

Road sampling tests;

Remote sensing devices;

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

国0 国1 国2 国3

Sm

ok

e

Lugdown

0

0.5

1

1.5

国0 国1 国2 国3

Free acceleration

Sm

ok

e

City Network of Vehicle Emission Control

Founded:March,2012

Members: 3 provincial-level,13 city-level, VECC of MEP

Leader: the department of pollution prevention and control of MEP

Aim: promote information exchanging, experience sharing, inter-regional vehicle emission control; Serve as paradigms to other cities;

Secretariat: VECC of MEP

深圳

青岛

厦门

City Network

DPF Retrofit Programs(1)

Beijing:

• Before the 2008 Olympic Games , Beijing Automotive Institute carried out the DPF-retrofit feasibility research under the support of Beijing EPB; Retrofit guideline and evaluation procedure were defined with the pilot testing.

• Beijing government sponsored the retrofit program for related

heavy-duty vehicles;

• 13 products of 6 companies accord with the technical manual in Beijing;

• About 10,000 diesel vehicles retrofitted and got the green labels;

• FBC-DPF retrofit program supported by Foreign Economic

Cooperation Office of MEP in 2010;

• Four cities with different diesel qualities and different latitudes

participate in pilot test: Shanghai, Nanjing, Xining, Shenzhen;

• Demonstration vehicle fleet include city buses, garbage trucks；

• Vehicles with DPF run for one month;

• Smoke was tested with LUGDOWM method on the chassis

dynameters.

• EPLI was used to measure the PM/PN reduction efficiencies;

Sino-Italian Diesel Vehicle Emission Control Project:

DPF Retrofit Programs(2)

PM Reduction Efficiencies

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

0.02 0.07 0.20 0.49 1.23 3.10

dM

/dlo

gD

p [m

g/m

³]

Dp

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

1 2 3

K / m-1

DPF拆除后

DPF运行1个月

PN

PM

Smoke

Before DPF After DPF

PN reduction: 90% above

PM reduction:95% above

Smoke: reduce to the limit of

instrument

• Starting from 2011, Supported by Swiss SDC and MEP of China;

• 20 on-road vehicles in Nanjing and Xiamen for 30,000km running;

25 construction machineries in Beijing;

• Lab evaluation of BC reduction technologies (on-road and off-

road) in Xiamen and Jinan;

• National diesel vehicle aftertreatment guideline drafted based on

experience learned through test bench evaluation and pilot tests

and international retrofit experiences;

Sino-Swiss BC Reduction Project:

DPF Retrofit Programs(3)

Vehicle selection standards;

Running Condition was

monitored with CPK

software vehicle by vehicle;

With the feedback

information from the

datalogger, different types

of DPF were chosen to

adapted to the vehicles;

National diesel vehicle

after-treatment guideline

drafted and submitted to

MEP;

DPF Retrofit Experience

National Guideline

Nanjing First Stage of Retrofit program:2013.8.1~2014.8.1

• Large driving restriction areas for yellow labeled vehicles;

• Green labels applied to original yellow labeled vehicles after retrofitted;

• No subsidies from the government;

• So far, there are more than 2000 vehicles

(bus\ heavy duties) applied to be retrofitted;

Nanjing Retrofit Program(4)

Green Transportation in China

Public transportation promotion: -- Rail transportation:19cities in mainland,2125km(by the end of May of

2014);35cities applied the rail construction projects in 2012, above 7000km in

2020;

-- BRT: more than 25 cities, 16cities under construction in 2013;

-- Public bicycles promotion: 165 cities in 30provinces of mainland of China;

Green Freight: -- World bank Guangzhou Green Trucks Pilot Project(2008-2010);

-- Guangdong GEF Green Freight Demonstration Project(2011-2015);

-- Wuhan Low Carbon Freight and Logistics Project (2011-2012);

-- China Green Freight Initiative(CGFI)(2012-)

hybrid vehicle or electric vehicle promotion: -- 1000 unit/13 cities demonstration in 2009/2010;

-- half year of 2014: more than 20 k units ,government subsidies, policies,

supporting facilities construction(Charging station/Pile construction) in Beijing,

Shanghai, et. al,

-- 5 illio u its i 2020 Develop e t Pla for E ergy-saving and New Energy

Automotive Industries (2012-2020) ;

Conclusions

China government took the strong measures to deal with the air pollution problems;

Heavy duty diesel vehicles is the key for PM/BC control;

DPFs show high PM/BC reduction potentials; Retrofit guideline is necessary for DPF evaluation and durability check ;

green transportation programs demonstrated in China, promotion in a larger scale is under going by multi-ways;

Administrative Office

Chen dawei

Vehicle Emission Control Center (VECC) Director General : Tang Dagang

Deputy Director: Ding Yan

Deputy Director: Cui Jianxiang

Department of

Policy and

Regulation

research

Department

of Technology

Assessment

Department of

In-use Vehicle

Management

Department of

New Vehicle

Management

Department of

Information

and Database

Department of

Training and

Education

Technical Advisory

Committee

Vehicle Emission Testing

Center (VETC)

Vehicle Emission Control Center (VECC) was founded by the Ministry of

Environmental Protection in 1997, operating the functions under the Chinese

Research Academy of Environmental Sciences(CRAES)

Major Works of VECC

Compliance and Enforcement of New

Vehicle Emission Standards

- Type Approval

- Confirmatory of Production

- In-use Compliance

- Recall

Implementation of In-use Vehicle

Emission Standards

- I/M Assessment

- Test facilities management

- Test station certification

- Labeling Management

Vehicle Emission Control Technology

Management

- After-treatment device assessment

- In-use vehicle retrofit pilot program

- Off-road engine pilot program

- BC program of HD dyno. test

Fuel and Additives Management

- Certification for detergents

- Local fuel standards development

- Fuel quality survey

- Vapor recovery Management

Enforcement and Accounting of total

vehicle NOx emission amount

- National level

- 31 provinces

- 347 cities

- Annual audit

National Emission Inventory

Development

- Chinese Vehicle Emission Model

- 31 provinces

- 347 cities

- Off-road

Information and Database

- New vehicle emission database

- In-use vehicle emission database

- Label database

- VIN database

- Annual report

- Website management

Training Program

- Local EPBs

- Vehicle and Engine manufactures