2016:International Year of Pulses - University of Manitoba · PDF file2016:International Year...

2016:International Year of Pulses

A look at the Roots, Recent Times and Prospects of Pulses

Chris Ferris

Senior Grains Analyst, Canada

Informa Economics IEG | Agribusiness Intelligence2

Outline

‣Roots

‣Recent: Global Trade

‣Recent: Canada

‣Pulse Organizations

‣Prospects

3 Informa Economics IEG | Agribusiness Intelligence

Roots


Brief History of Pulses

‣While wheat, coarse grains have been dominant food crops in the West for thousands of years, and

‣Wheat, coarse grains and oilseeds have dominated the seeded area in many of the major exporters for the last 100 years,

‣Many forget that pulses have been part of the human diet for thousands of years too.

‣Some estimate that that humans have been growing and eating pulses for more than 11,000 years.

‣Pulses have a rich and colorful history of nourishing cultures all over the world.

‣Some examples follow

Source: http://pulses.org/what-are-pulses/a-brief-history-of-pulses

http://pulses.org/what-are-pulses/a-brief-history-of-pulses


Selected Ancient Examples

‣8th Century BC:

•Beans and chickpeas were mentioned in Homer’s Iliad

‣7th Century BC:

•Evidence exists of cultivation of lentils, chickpeas, broad/fababeans and peas in the Fertile Crescent

‣…

‣1st Century AD:

•black-eyed beans/peas spread from West Africa to the Mediterranean, Asia and India




More recent examples

‣17th & 18th Centuries AD:

•Fur traders were fuelled by yellow peas soup in Canada and the USA

‣…

‣20th/21st Century AD:

•global pulse production reached nearly 70 MMT in 2010, doubling in about 30 years.




Recent:

Global Trade


Global Trade Matrix for Peas

‣ Over the last three years,

‣ the vast majority of peas are being imported into Asia, with the key origin being North America.

‣ India and China are the main destinations

‣ Canada is the dominant exporter

HS Code 071310

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

Canada 2013-14 ROW 2013-14 Canada 2014-15 ROW 2014-15 Canada 2015-16 ROW 2015-16

Pea

Trad

e T

on

nag

e

Asia Europe & FSU Africa & ME WH & Oceania


Global Trade Matrix for Lentils

‣ Lentil trade is more spread out, with

Asia,

the Middle East,

South America, and

Africa having significant imports.

Canada again dominates the trade in lentils

HS Code 071340

0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000

1,600,000

1,800,000

Canada 2013-14 ROW 2013-14 Canada 2014-15 ROW 2014-15 Canada 2015-16 ROW 2015-16

Len

til T

rad

e T

on

nag

e

Asia Middle East South America Africa NA & CA & Antilles Other


Recent:

Canada


Canadian Pulse Growing Regions

Source: http://www.pulsecanada.com/canadas-growing-regions


Canada’s Seeded Area (KHA) and Pulse Share (%)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,0002

00

0

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

20

14

20

15

20

16

Shar

e Se

ede

d t

o P

uls

es

Seed

ed

Are

a (K

HA

) b

y cr

op

cat

ego

ry

Specialty Crops

Pulses

Coarse Grains

Oilseeds

Wheat

Pulse Share


Seeded Area of Pulses (KHA)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Fababeans

Chick peas

Edible Beans

Lentils

Peas, dry


Make up of Pulse Seeded area by crop type

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Fababeans

Chick peas

Edible Beans

Lentils

Peas, dry


Pea Seeded Area to Last Year’s SK Avg Yellow Pea Price

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

SK S

K Y

ello

w P

ea P

rice

(C

AD

/bu

)

Pea

See

ded

Are

a

correlation is 51%

Seed Area peas P(t-1) yellow Peas


Lentil Seeded Area to Last Year’s SK Avg Red Lentil Price

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

SK R

ed L

enti

l Pri

ce (

CA

D/c

wt)

Len

til S

eed

ed A

rea

correlation is 75 percent

Seed Area Lentils P(t-1) red lentils


Pulse Organizations


It did not happen by accident

• Canada’s growth as a producer and exporter of pulses was not just a happy accident.

• Like many other crops, producers and merchants and others in the pulse industry increasingly got together to invest in

• better seeds and Agronomic practices (grower organizations)

• Expanding market demand (Pulse Canada)

• Opening up markets (Pulse Canada)

• Expanding use of pulses (CIGI in partnership with pulse industry)

• And Working with international pulse organizations

• Along with improving grain logistics


Main Canadian Pulse Organizations


Prospects


Future of Pulses: Supply Side

Crop breeders:

‣continue to work with farmers and others in the supply chain to develop better crop varieties with better yields, resist diseases better, and with better quality specs.

Farmers:

‣So long as strong relative price signals are given and the crop yields well with good quality, export oriented farmers will maintain/expand their seeded area of pulses and production will grow with yield expansion.

Grain Merchants:

‣Pulse merchants continue to grow in sophistication and reach, able to deliver all over the world, via containers or bulk vessels.


Future of Pulses: Demand Side

Pulse Processors:

‣Pulse processors continue to grow in their reach, sophistication with some international firms and alliances forming and deepening. They represent a major exporting force as well, with much of their product moving by container.

Food/Feed processors:

‣Are rapidly expanding beyond the traditional pulse products and are including various pulse products in their animal and human food products.

‣Major food processors have bought into pulses in a big way, and are now offering pulse products on a larger scale, with great inclusion of a variety of pulse fractions that used to be reserved for soybeans, wheat or corn.


Future of Pulses: Demand Side

Food Demand:

‣The growth in human populations continues to increase the demand for protein.

‣Pulses are also being consumed by people who traditionally would not eat as much pulses in their diets.

‣Hundreds, if not thousands, of new products are now including pulses where they would not have been before.


2016: International Year of the Pulses

http://iyp2016.org/

Via the Global Pulse Confederation, Canada and many other countries launched the bid to get 2016 declared the IYOP by the UN.

http://www.cicilsiptic.org/index.php

http://www.pulsecanada.com/

http://iyp2016.org/

http://www.cicilsiptic.org/index.php

http://www.pulsecanada.com/

Questions?

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Suite 400

Memphis, TN 38120

+1 901 202 4600

[email protected]

www.agribusinessintelligence.com

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