20160630b BO Sapporo.ppt...
Transcript of 20160630b BO Sapporo.ppt...
2016/06/30—Advanced Course in Molecular Environmental Science 1
June 30, 2016
Advanced Course in Molecular Environmental Science 4
schedule
(1) Apr 14 introduction with introduction(2) Apr 21 mole and Avogadro constant(3) Apr 28 necessary and sufficient conditions/Mt. Everest(4) May 12 microwave oven/Internet(5) May 19 originality in science/fake(6) May 26 experimental notebook(7) Jun 16 blood type/chi-square (chi-squared) test(8) Jun 23 cell(9) Jun 30 triple crown(10) Jul 7 recycle and ecology(11) Jul 14 green-house effect/correlation(12) Jul 21 recognition/XXXed(13) Aug 4 presentation of quiz(14)(15)
Advanced Course in Molecular Environmental Science 5
quiz
• nickname• quiz• expected answer/correct answer• explanation for how the quiz is beneficial for understanding
chemistry and science• results of the internet search for the quiz
Send email by July 31, 2016• Use of texts in email, not using a Microsoft Word file
attachment, is preferable, or• Send a Microsoft PowerPoint file for slides of "quiz
(nickname)" and "the others" by file attachment.
Advanced Course in Molecular Environmental Science 6
the best question and answer
Q Which is the best question? Answer the nickname.Q Which is the best answer? Answer the nickname.
北海道(離島をのぞく)の面積と海岸線の総延長をもとめる方法を説明してください.Interpret the ways for evaluation of area and total length of the coastline of Hokkaido Island.
2016/06/30—Advanced Course in Molecular Environmental Science 3
today's topic = grasping in chemistry
What is a cell (denchi)? Interpret in a sense of chemistry.What kind of cell do you imagine?
(1) storing electrical energy as chemicals and converting them into electrical energy
(2) converting certain energy into electrical energy
Find the hidden concept(s) !
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energy conversion in various cells
• primary cell: [chemical] (electrical)
• secondary cell (rechargeable battery): lead battery/lithium-ion battery(electrical) [chemical] (electrical)
• solar cell: silicon solar cell(photo) (electrical)
• dye-sensitized solar cell(photo) (chemical) (electrical)
• fuel cell(chemical) (electrical)
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today's topic = what is the goal of scientists
triple crown
triple crown 6
In Major League Baseball, a player earns the Triple Crown when he leads a league in three specific statistical categories. For batters, a player must lead the league in home runs, runs batted in (RBI), and batting average; pitchers must lead the league in wins, strikeouts, and earned run average (ERA)
"triple crown" in baseball
Lou Gehrig Ted Williams
Japanese
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"triple crown" in science
QWhat is triple crown in science?"Name" is recorded in
an award, e.g. Nobel Prizename of reaction or principleunitname of societies or journalsadjective
QWho is/are "triple crown" in science?
triple crown 8
"triple crown" in science
QWhat is triple crown in science?"Name" is recorded in
an award, e.g. Nobel Prizename of reaction or principleunitname of societies or journalsadjective
QWho is/are "triple crown" in science?Maria Skłodowska-Curie (1867-1934), Albert Einstein (1879-1955), Michel Faraday (1791-1867), Isaac Newton (1642-1727), Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck (1858-1947)
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"triple crown" in science
QWhat is triple crown in science?"Name" is recorded in
an award, e.g. Nobel Prizename of reaction or principleunitname of societies or journalsadjective
QWho is quintuple crown in science?
Langmuir 10
"triple crown" in science
QWhat is triple crown in science?"Name" is recorded in
an award, e.g. Nobel Prize 1932 in Chemistryname of reaction or principle ... isotherm/...-Blodgett filmunit Langmuir, a unit of "exposure"name of societies or journals Langmuiradjective Langmuirian
QWho is quintuple crown in science?Irving Langmuir (1881-1957)
Langmuir 11
The Solvay Conferences on Physics
The 5th conference "Radiation theory and quantum" was organized by Solvay and Nernst, who was a supervisor of Langmuir. Langmuir and Lewis proposed "Octet Model" of
chemical bonds.
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Langmuir 12
The Solvay Conferences on Physics
The 5th conference "Radiation theory and quantum" was organized by Solvay and Nernst, who was a supervisor of Langmuir. Langmuir and Lewis proposed "Octet Model" of
chemical bonds.
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Lewis-Langmuir theory
assuming "octet" and put electrons at the corners
bonds are made to fill up the cornerssingle bond: ridge sharing/double bond: face sharing
Langmuir 14
Lewis-Langmuir theory
Hydrogen cannot fill up all the cornersimpossible to show triple bonds
showing electrons by dots and arrange 8 dots around an atom
Langmuir 15
a scientific journal, Langmuir
published by the American Chemical Societyin the field of surface, interface and colloids (physical chemistry)
Langmuir ranks #2 in citations out of 121 journals in the category of Physical Chemistry with 84,792 total citations. The journal received an ISI Impact Factor of 3.898, and published 2,000 articles in 2009*.
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Langmuir-Blodgett films
developing molecules having hydrophilic and hydrophobic partshydrophilic part facing to water/interaction among hydrophobic parts
Langmuir 17
going out of a light bulb
General Electric (GE), founded by Thomas Edison, developed and manufactured light bulbs with tungsten filaments.
Tungsten is less volatile due to its high melting point (3407 deg C) and shows high electric resistivity; a good material for filaments.
"Impurity" in a bulb leads to going out.
QWhy light bulbs with a tungsten filament goes out?What is the impurity?
Langmuir 18
going out of a light bulb
General Electric (GE), founded by Thomas Edison, developed and manufactured light bulbs with tungsten filaments.
Tungsten is less volatile due to its high melting point (3407 deg C) and shows high electric resistivity.
"Impurity" in a bulb leads to going out
Afilament becoming thin due to "Langmuir cycle"
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Langmuir cycle
W
H2O
WO3
H2 WO3
W
• Water, impurity, is adsorbed on tungsten surface and leads to formation of tungsten oxide (low melting point) and hydrogen.
• Volatilization of tungsten oxide to be deposited on an inner glass face.• Reaction of tungsten oxide with hydrogen produces water leaving
tungsten on the glass surface.
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contribution of Langmuir
research work in GEHe found that adsorption of water should be avoided and that filling up
inert gas, e.g., argon is effective.considered correlations between pressure of gas and amount of
adsorption, leading to "Langmuir isotherm"
Langmuir's theory on adsorption• applicable to almost all adsorptions, especially those occurring in liquid
phase• can be derived theoretically• often combined with kinetic equation for catalytic (photocatalytic)
reactions
2016/06/30—Advanced Course in Molecular Environmental Science 21
today's topic = what is the goal of scientists
triple crown
(1) simple and easily understandable(2) open for everybody
XXX'ed!!!(○○○た!)
2016/06/30—Advanced Course in Molecular Environmental Science 22
comments on this lecture and question
Please send email in Japanese or English within 48 hours
to: [email protected]: me20160630-XXXXXXXX(your id number)
[email protected]<full name><nickname><comments on today's lecture><question(s): at least one>
2016/06/30—Advanced Course in Molecular Environmental Science 23
sample mail
subject: me20160630-12345678
me20160630-12345678
大谷文章
某教授
今日の講義ではなぜ講義名が「分子環境学特論I」なのかはわかりませんでしたが,これからの講義がすこし楽しみです.
先生はなんでそんなにモテるんですか.