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Movies: Stanley Kubrick's gloomy geniusigmatic director suffered for his art, and so did all who worked with him

ul Whitington

lished 12/10/2014 | 02:30

sive cinema: Kubrick’s 1962 film Lolita, the story of a middle-aged college professor who becomes sexually

essed with a 12-year-old girl, proved controversial.

eason of Stanley Kubrick's movies is currently running at Dublin's Light House cinema. His big budget epic

rtacus plays this afternoon at 3pm, the lesser known war drama Paths of Glory is screened tomorrow at

0pm, and The Shining, Clockwork Orange, Barry Lyndon, Full Metal Jacket, Eyes Wide Open and 2001: A

ce Odyssey will all be shown later in the month. Full details can be found at www. lighthousecinema.ie.

een years after his death, Kubrick still fascinates film-goers and critics, and the Light House festival

monstrates his unique and enduring appeal. He's one of the very few filmmakers to have operated in a kind

o-man's land between commercial cinema and the arthouse, and his movies combined lofty themes and

entions with considerable box office clout.

a result, he's impossible to categorise, and people still argue over just how good he really was. Last year,

adian director David Cronenberg dismissed Kubrick as a "commercially-minded" filmmaker whose movies

e a lot less "intimate and personal" than Cronenberg's own. And The Shining was "not a great film" because

rick "didn't understand the genre".

Shining was based on a book by Stephen King, who famously despised Kubrick's film and never tires of 

ng out about it. Others have questioned Kubrick's lofty status, and criticised his obsessiveness,

anthropy and supposed misogyny. And his reputation rests on just 13 completed feature films made during

areer that spanned almost 50 years. So was Stanley Kubrick really all that good, or was his talent over-

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ed?

id Cronenberg's dismissal of him as overly commercial seems ridiculous when you take a look at how

rick worked. He spent years planning and designing projects, some of which never saw the light of day,

meticulous to the point of madness on his film sets, and is supposed to have used just 1pc of the footage

shot on The Shining.

le a hack commercial director moves from script to script with a weary shrug, Kubrick seems to have

berately sought out stories that exemplified his unflinchingly bleak view of human nature. And his films

tain a thorough line of distinctive themes and motifs: sounds like the work of an artist to me.

w great an artist he was is, I suppose, a matter of opinion, but sometimes people search for his greatness in

wrong places. 2001, for instance, is full of splendid effects and technical accomplishments, but for me is

as good or unified a feature film as Paths of Glory, while Spartacus is bland studio fare compared to

rick's gruelling Vietnam-era anti-war film, Full Metal Jacket.

e Orson Welles, Stanley Kubrick was that most unfortunate of anomalies, a cinematic artist working in

lywood, but one could argue that Kubrick found a more successful way of making the system work for him.

was born in the Bronx in 1928 to parents of European Jewish extraction. He was bright but rebellious at

ool, and his father, Jack Kubrick enrolled his son in a chess academy to encourage his concentration, and

bought him a Graflex camera for his 12th birthday. Kubrick would remain fascinated by chess for the rest

is life, and by his mid-teens was roving Manhattan taking still photos.

946, he began working as a photographer for Look magazine, and spent more than five years doing

traits and photo essays, which taught him a great deal about light, film and composition. So did other

ple's movies, which he'd been watching obsessively since his early teens.

he early 1950s, he began experimenting with short films and documentaries, and in 1953, used family andnds to cobble together enough money to make his first feature film, a thriller called Fear and Desire. It

an odd début, a grim but unfocussed account of a group of soldiers who get trapped behind enemy lines.

rick hated it, but the critic James Agee saw a raw talent at work, and Stanley learnt a huge amount from

and from an equally unsuccessful second film, the 1955 thriller Killer's Kiss. And he'd honed his talents to a

arkable degree by the time he joined forces with producer James B Harris to make The Killing (1956).

ris could, to some extent, be credited with having discovered Kubrick, whom he met while playing chess

New York's Washington Square. Harris later described Kubrick as "the most intelligent, most creative personve ever come in contact with", and in 1955, the pair formed a production company that would last until

early 60s.

Killing was their first film together, and while it made a loss, it was lauded by the critics, who praised its

d, pared-back style. Sterling Hayden starred as a veteran con who plans one last heist at a racetrack, and

ubrick's hands, this hackneyed storyline was turned into something urgent, and memorable.

next film, and my favourite Kubrick film, was a tense First World War drama based on a true story. Paths

Glory starred Kirk Douglas as a French infantry commander who reluctantly leads his men on a suicidal

ault on a heavily defended hilltop. And when the mission fails, he defends three men accused of wardice. It was tense, gripping and beautifully made, and ranks alongside Renoir's Regle du Jeu as one of 

finest anti-war films.

hs of Glory put Stanley Kubrick on the map, and his methods impressed Kirk Douglas so much that he hired

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to direct his sprawling epic, Spartacus. Douglas was both producer and star of the film, and he and

rick quickly fell out over the director's perfectionism. Douglas later said of him, "you don't have to be nice

e talented".

rick was never fond of the finished film. His frustrations on the set of Spartacus made him all the more

ermined to control every single aspect of his filmmaking, and an unplanned move to Europe in the early

0s would help him make this happen.

962, Stanley Kubrick arrived in England to make a film based on Vladimir Nabokov's novel Lolita. The film,

ch starred James Mason and Peter Sellers, told the story of a middle-aged college professor who becomesually obsessed with a 12-year-old. Unsurprisingly, Lolita proved controversial and divisive, but Kubrick

er returned to Hollywood, and would spend the rest of his life in England.

moved into a grand country house near London with his fourth wife, Christiane Harlan, and settled down to

ke the films for which he'd always be remembered. His 1964 movie Dr Strangelove was an extraordinarily

d and original project, a film that dared to treat the prospect of nuclear war as a comedy.

er Sellers, taking on three simultaneous performances, played the American president, a British Royal Air

ce officer and a demented former Nazi scientist who play various roles in taking the US to the brink of warh Russia.

as very funny, and very dark, and underlined Kubrick's bleak view of human nature.

me critics still consider 2001: A Space Odyssey as one of the greatest films ever made. It was certainly

bitious, starting in the Stone Age and arcing through humanity's evolution to our conquest of outer space.

special effects were incredible, and its style would prove hugely influential.

success of 2001 allowed Kubrick to strike an extraordinary deal with Warner Brothers, who gave him total

trol of every aspect of his films, which they would produce sight unseen. Over the next 30 years, he wouldy make five more of them, but none were dull.

1971 drama, A Clockwork Orange, was based on Anthony Burgess's dystopian novel and considered so

nsgressive in terms of violence that it got blamed for a series of copycat attacks and was withdrawn from

public domain by Kubrick himself. It has its fans but is hard to watch.

arry Lyndon, Kubrick used highly sensitive lenses developed by NASA to allow him to light his meandering

h-century drama almost entirely by candlelight.

resulting film looked sumptuous, and painterly, but ran for over three hours and was extremely slow in

ces.

Shining still divides critics, it's entered the popular zeitgeist and is full of absolutely unforgettable images

sequences. Stanley Kubrick's last film, Eyes Wide Shut, was released just months after his death in the

ng of 1999: a sexual odyssey starring Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman, it was well short of his best.

then, his best was so much better than almost anyone else's. And if Kubrick's obsessive investigations of 

barbarity that lies beneath the veneer of civilisation can be hard to take at times, his technical mastery

wild visual flights of imagination mark him out as one of the 20th Century's true cinematic greats.

nley Kubrick's legendary obsession with perfection reached new heights on The Shining, his wild and crazy

ptation of Stephen King's 1977 horror novel. King was flattered when he got a phone call out of the blue

m Kubrick about a possible adaptation, but would later describe the film as "a fancy car without an

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ine". When Kubrick was working on the screenplay, King received phone calls at three in the morning

ng him if he believed in God. And things got even tougher once the actors came along.

tman Crothers had to slam a car door 70 times before Kubrick decided the shot looked right. And Jack

holson became so tired of script changes that he learnt his lines at the last minute. Hardest hit of all was

r Shelley Duvall. Kubrick constantly badgered her about her performance, and made her do the scene

ere she comes up the stairs waving a baseball bat 127 times. No wonder she looks so demented in the final

o Review

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