This is our first idea on building a tower.

However, it doesn’t succeed due to the

difficulties from holding two inverted

triangle. Forces concentrate on one

point and lead to instability of the

structure.

AA-Glue acts as the fixed joint, surface

connector, to hold the structure.

Extra strip is added at the end of the

strip to share the loads itself -> increase

stability

Then, we rebuild a tower using the above

method.

- It can expand vertically

Not stable

As it cannot resist extra vertical load, lateral

force and starts bending (when only a beam and

2 columns), bracing is used to increase its

stability and stiffness. Increase the load capacity

itself.

However, only added 1 strip to support at each

side, the other column (strip) is easy to buckle.

-Pin act as point connector, increase the

stiffness of the structure. -> resist both forces

and moments.

Constructing Journal- Week 2

Frame

Activity-FRAME

Constructing:

Extra Strip

tincaii

Act as a truss

Extra Strip

tincaii

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Applied loads produce axial, bending and shear forces.

Rigid joints, AA glue, restrain the ends of the strip from rotating freely.

*Vertical loads cause a rigid frame to develop horizontal thrusts at its base.

Deconstructing:

No bracing included, Easy to

buckle and, finally, it breaks at

the joint section.

Extra I-shape of strip used to

support/ increase the stiffness

of the foundation.

Diagonal braced panels-> Act

as a truss, very stable. Little

bending/ deflect occurs when

extra forces pose on the

structure.

(↑Stiffness)

Triangular Frames

Only the top level of the

structure is affected. Bending,

but doesn’t break the beams/

columns/ lose connection at

joint section.(Flexible)

Other Group’s work:

Frame:

-Is an assembly if beams and columns

-usually support walls and floors

A Rigid frame:

A steel or reinforced concrete frame with rigid joints capable of resisting changes in angular relationships

Braced Frame:

A timber or steel frame braced with diagonal members

-Knee bracing,-K-brace, -Cross bracing

Materials:

Steels- high strength to weight ratio

-have recycling steel

-Steel has lower energy use and CO2 emissions per ton than aluminum, and magnesium among others

-Durable, Safe, Strong

-Fire resistant

-Cost effective

-Easy to transport

Reinforced concrete- cost effective

-can take shaped

-long service life

-relatively high tensile strength (plain concrete-low)

-has to mix with other materials

-High thermal mass

Timber: -Strong

-Recyclable

-Good insulation