2012 Grower Meetings: Diversity and Integration; Keys to Surviving in a Palmer World
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Transcript of 2012 Grower Meetings: Diversity and Integration; Keys to Surviving in a Palmer World
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2012 Grower Meetings: Diversity and Integration; Keys to Surviving in a
Palmer World
Stanley Culpepper, University of Georgia, Tifton
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BIOLOGY
Integrated to remain
sustainable
Management
programs
Diversity and Integration:
Keys to Surviving in a Palmer World
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Preplant PRE POST1 POST 2 Layby
ValorNo Palmer up
Valor + DirexPalmer up, >15 d
to plant
DirexPalmer up, <15 d
to plant
Reflex + Direxadd paraquat
Reflex + Prowladd paraquat
Reflex + Prowladd paraquat
RU + Staple
OR
RU + Dual or Warrant
RU + Dual or Warrant
Direx
+
MSMA
RR Reduced Tillage Cotton Systems. 2012.
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Preplant PRE POST1 POST 2 Layby
ValorNo Palmer up
Valor + DirexPalmer up, >15 d
to plant
DirexPalmer up, <15 d
to plant
Reflex + Direxadd paraquat
Reflex + Prowladd paraquat
Reflex + Prowladd paraquat
RU + Staple
OR
RU + Dual or Warrant
RU + Dual or Warrant
Direx
+
MSMA
RR Reduced Tillage Cotton Systems. 2012.
APPLY VALOR AND/OR DIREX TO EVERY ACRE; MUST BE PALMER FREE AT PLANTING!!!
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Valor applied broadcast followed by strip till.
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Preplant PRE POST1 POST 2 Layby
ValorNo Palmer up
Valor + DirexPalmer up, >15 d
to plant
DirexPalmer up, <15 d
to plant
Reflex + Direxadd paraquat
Reflex + Prowladd paraquat
Reflex + Prowladd paraquat
RU + Staple
OR
RU + Dual or Warrant
RU + Dual or Warrant
Direx
+
MSMA
RR Reduced Tillage Cotton Systems. 2012.
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Preplant PRE POST1 POST 2 Layby
Valor
Valor + Direx
Direx
Reflex + Direx
Reflex + Prowl
Reflex + Prowl
RU + Staple
OR
RU + Dual or Warrant
RU + Dual or Warrant
Direx
+
MSMA
RR Reduced Tillage Cotton Systems. 2012.
RU + Staple wins 7 out of 10 times!
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Preplant PRE POST1 POST 2 Layby
Valor
Valor + Direx
Direx
Reflex + Direx
Reflex + Prowl
Reflex + Prowl
RU + Staple
OR
RU + Dual or Warrant
RU + Dual or Warrant
Direx
+
MSMA
RR Reduced Tillage Cotton Systems. 2012.
Consider direct spraying Warrant mixture if more than 6 leaf cotton!
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Roundup + Warrant applied over AGGRESSIVELY growing LARGE cotton.
typical
ouch
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Preplant PRE POST1 POST 2 Layby
Valor
Valor + Direx
Direx
Reflex + Direx
Reflex + Prowl
Reflex + Prowl
RU + Staple
OR
RU + Dual or Warrant
RU + Dual or Warrant
Direx
+
MSMA
RR Reduced Tillage Cotton Systems. 2012.
No brainer…..Suprend great option as well!
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Preplant PRE POST1 POST 2 Layby
Valor
Valor + Direx
Direx
Reflex + Direx
Reflex + Prowl
Reflex + Prowl
RU + Staple
OR
RU + Dual or Warrant
RU + Dual or Warrant
Direx
+
MSMA
RR Reduced Tillage Cotton Systems. 2012.
add paraquat if Palmer emerged,
follow plantback
48 hr within planting; add
paraquat
10 - 12 d after PRE
(10 day after May 10)
12 - 14 d after POST1
(12 day after May 10)
15-17 d after POST2
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Preplant PRE POST1 POST 2 Layby
Valor
Valor + Direx
Direx
Reflex + Direx
Reflex + Prowl
Reflex + Prowl
RU + Staple
OR
RU + Dual or Warrant
RU + Dual or Warrant
Direx
+
MSMA
RR Reduced Tillage Cotton Systems. 2012.
add paraquat if Palmer emerged,
follow plantback
48 hr within planting; add
paraquat
10 - 12 d after PRE
(10 day after May 10)
12 - 14 d after POST1
(12 day after May 10)
15-17 d after POST2
Allows 2 residuals at planting instead of 3 to reduce injury.
Perfect timing for thrips application!
Allows time for activation before PRE breaks down!
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Tillage is now a common scene
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Percent Palmer Amaranth Control with Reflex 1 pt/A PPI or PRE in 2010.
99 A
79 B
98 A
Irrigated Dryland
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Preplant PRE POST1 POST2 Layby
Treflan/Prowl +
Reflex 12 oz
Reflex 8-12 oz
+
Direx
RU + Staple
(Palmer up)
or
RU + Dual or Warrant
RU + Dual or
Warrant
Direx
+
MSMA
RR Conventional Tillage Cotton Systems. 2012.
Plant as soon after incorporation as possible
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0
20
40
60
80
100
80 b92 a
3 c
Rototiller Field cultivator
Disk
Percent Palmer Control with Reflex + Prowl PPI, 2010. TyTy, GA. 38 DAT.
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Irrigated May 13
Planted May 14
Irrigated May 19 during emergence
None Prowl + Reflex PRE
Prowl + Reflex PPI - Rototill
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Roundup Ready PLUS Cotton Incentive (Up to $22)
Valor AND Reflex = ($3.00)
Cotoran, Cotton Pro, Direx = ($3.00)*
Warrant 3 pt = ($4.50)*
Dual Magnum 1 pt = ($3.00)
Gramoxone Inteon 2 pt = ($1.00)
*Will pay on 2 applications
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GR Palmer amaranth control in dryland conservation tillage systems
Prowl + Reflex PRE
Roundup + Dual POST
Diuron + MSMA PD
Prowl + Reflex PRE
Ignite + Dual POST
Diuron + MSMA PD
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Making the most of your Liberty!
Water volume
Spray tip and pressure
Time of day you spray
Palmer size
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MOST IMPORTANT IS TO HAVE PRESSURE AND NOZZLES THAT GENERALTE MEDIUM (300-400 MICRONS)
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0
20
40
60
80
100
99 a
50 b
97 a
6.45 am
8 c
Ignite POST 1 (5” Palmer), Ignite POST 2 (18 d later), Diuron + MSMA layby
12 – 1 pm 6:30 – 7:00 pm 12 – 1 am
Late-season Palmer control with Liberty as influenced by time of day.
Time of Day for Ignite Applications
Macon Co.
Dryland
%
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Rate
GPA Time
Nozzle
Biggest pigweed in the field is 3
inches!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Making the most of your Liberty!
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Pre-plant PRE POST1 POST 2 Layby
Valor
or
diuron
Diuron + Prowl
Cotoran + Prowl
Reflex + Prowl
Staple + Prowl
Liberty
+
Dual Mag
Liberty Diuron
+
MSMA
Valor before Palmer
emergence; diuron + paraquat
less than 5” Palmer
48 hr within planting; add
paraquat
12 - 14 d after PRE
(12 day after May 10)
14 - 16 d after POST1
(14 day after May 10)
15-17 d after POST
2
Controlling Palmer in LL Cotton. 2012.
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0
20
40
60
80
100
77 b
96 a
69 c
Six Inch GR Palmer Response to Layby or Hooded Spray Options. Macon, 2012.
Direx + MSMA
Ignite + Valor
Ignite
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2012 Liberty Based Programs
1. LibertyLink
2. WideStrike
3. GlyTol LibertyLink
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0
20
40
60
80
100
WMax +
Ignite
WMax 33 oz
Ignite 44 oz
WMax +
Ignite +
Dual
(1 pt)
Percent GlyTol + LL cotton injury from topical applications 7 DAT.
Moultrie, 2010
8 leaf cotton
0 a 2 a1 a 18 b
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0
20
40
60
80
100
WMax +
Ignite
WMax 33 oz
Ignite 44 oz
WMax +
Ignite +
Dual
(1 pt)
Percent GlyTol + LL cotton injury from topical applications 7 DAT.
Moultrie, 2010
8 leaf cotton
0 a 2 a1 a 18 bSeq
uentia
l applic
atio
ns of L
iber
ty a
nd
Roundup in 2
012
to a
void
anta
gonsim
?
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0
20
40
60
80
100
77 b
95 a 96 a
69 c
Six Inch GR Palmer Response to Layby or Hooded Spray Options. Macon, 2012.
Gramoxone +
Direx
Direx + MSMA
Ignite + Valor
Ignite
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Heavy Residue Deep Turn
Hand weed Cultivate
Adopt Integrated Programs Or You Simply Wont Survive Because of Resistance!!!
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Photo by A.C. York 2010
2006-2010: 92% of growers hand-weeded 52% cotton acres at $23.70/A
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0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
129,125
394,100
36,100
Not Chopped
Chopped at 6 inch
Chopped at 1 inch
Palmer Seed (#/plant) when Chopping Plants at Cotton Layby.
Chopped at soil
22,400
2010/2011: Sosnoskie/Grey/Webster/Culpepper
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Developing Integrated Programs
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Potential Benefits for Georgia Growers
1. Improved Palmer control
2. Protect herbicide chemistry
3. Labor (compared to tillage)
4. Wind and water erosion
5. Prevents GR horseweed
6. Prevents/Lessons GR ryegrass
7. Moisture conservation
8. Reduce herbicide inputs
9. Higher yields on dryland
10. Protection from EPA
11. Reduces thrips damage
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Potential Challenges for Georgia Growers
1. Blowout impacting stand
2. Incorporate herbicides with when strip tilling
3. Time to get established
4. Increased fertilizer
5. Rubber wheel system
6. Grower comfort
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0
20
40
2004 2009 2011
37
18
% a
cres
Liberty-based Programs
0
Impact of GR Palmer amaranth on GA.
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1.5 pt of 2,4-D Liberty + 1.5 pt of 2,4-D
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Clarity 8 oz Liberty + Clarity 8 oz
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HPPD Liberty + HPPD
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Herbicide Resistance: Will You Survive?
If resistance is one in a billion then you
only need 918 acres to find that plant.
25 plants per square foot emerge = 1,089,000 plants
per acre
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Herbicide Resistance: Will You Survive?
25 plants per square foot emerge = 1,089,000 plants
per acre
DO NOT SPRAY LIBERTY BUT TWICE PER YEAR IN A SOUND PROGRAM!!!
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Controlling Palmer Without Killing Cotton With Herbicides!
Seedling depth and vigor Irrigation Schedule
Soil dry or moist at planting?
AT-PLANT HERBICIDES
Cotoran
Diuron
Prowl
Reflex
Staple
Combinations
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Irrigation/Herbicide Scheduling(preliminary as much more work is being conducted)
Irrigate before
planting
PLANT
DO NOT irrigate first 36-48 hr??
DO NOT irrigate 24 hr before or
24 hr after emergence
Irrigate Irrigate
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Comments or Questions??