2010 Regional History
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Transcript of 2010 Regional History
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History and evolution of
EU Regional and Cohesion Policy
DG Regional Policy
European Commission
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Cohesion Policy: an EU success story
• It is a policy of solidarity the vehicle fordelivering regional aid
• !hrough this policy" the EU see#s toensure that:
$ene%ts of integration are as &idelyspread as possi$le
development is as $alanced as possi$lein geographical terms
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'rigins of EU Cohesion Policy
• !he EU founding fathers ( representing theoriginal ) *em$er +tates already had the
vision" set out in the !reaty" that:
,the Community shall aim at reducing thedisparities between the levels of
development of the various regions“
• !his set the tone for su$se-uent policy.
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!he need for a coordinatedCommunity solution toregional im$alances alsorecognised in Commissionreports:
1965: First Communicationon Regional olicy:conclusions of three groupsof e!perts
•"he #ssembly $today%s &'e!pressed support inresolutions during the196(s
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/012s: idea of structural aid for
deprived regions starts ta#ing shape
• /0)3: creation of the Directorate General forRegional Policy
4ean Rey 5/0)36 7Regional olicy in theCommunity should be as the heart is in the humanbody)and should aim to reanimate human life in
the regions which have been denied it 8
• /01/: Council Resolutions: incentives to regionaldevelopment in C9P and coordination of %nancialaids
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+tart of real action &ith real
resources • /01: 7!hompson Report8;;;although the
ob*ective of continuous e!pansion $)' hasbeen achieved+ its balanced and harmonious
nature has not)
• /01
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ERD= in the early days: eligi$le
actions
/6investments in small enterprisescreating at least /2 ne& >o$s?
@6 investments in infrastructure related topoint /?
6 infrastructure investments inmountainous areas" &hich also had to $eeligi$le under the agriculture guidancefund;
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ERD= in the early days: initial
operations• 'perations &ere purely national %nancing
predetermined pro>ects in the *em$er+tates little European inAuence
• *+s had to apply for ERD= support atpro>ect level
• 9nnual system of selecting and re%nancingeBisting pro>ects applied
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Regional Policy in the /032s
• ey events: impetus for a more genuineEuropean Cohesion Policy:
,ingle &uropean #ct
- #ccession of .reece+ ,pain and ortugal
#doption of single mar/et programme
• Fe& countries $rought increased regionaldisparities funding $ecame #ey means of$ringing &ealth up to EU average
• +et the $asis for genuine cohesion policydesigned to oset the $urden of the single mar#etfor the lessfavoured regions of the Community
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Regional Policy in the /032s (
strengthening Community action/033:
European Council allocated ECU ) $illion to+tructural =unds over < years
!he Council adopted %rst regulation integratingon the +tructural =unds
• Introduced 0 /ey principles:
- C2C&2"R#"32: focusing on poorest regions- #R"2&R,43: involvement of regional and local partners
- R.R#32.: multi-annual programming
- #3"32#73"8: & e!penditure must not substitutenational
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/033 Reform: pro>ects to
programmes
• *a>or shift from annual pro>ect selection$y *em$er +tates
• *oves to&ards a more strategic andmultiannual programming
• ..$uilt on a &ide partnership $et&eenregions" *+s and the EC
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+ummary: /030 ( /00
Integration of thestructural funds
< priority o$>ectives
+tandardised rules
Decentralisedmanagement
Increase of the structural
fund $udget from ECU );$illion p;a; in /033 to ECU@2;< $illion p;a; in /005relative share >umpingfrom /) to nearly /
of EU $udget6
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/00 Reform: dou$ling the eort
• ECU /)3 $illion over < yrs for +tructural andCohesion =unds
• Community +upport =rame&or#s 5C+=s6"'perational Programmes 5'Ps6" +ingleProgramming Documents 5+PDs6
• 0 for / Community Initiatives: 'FJER"RE!EK" PL*E+" URM9F./ for innovativeactions for %rst time
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+ummary: /00 /000
Introduction of o$>ective
+impli%cation of
procedures
Fe& Cohesion =und and=isheries instruments
Increase of structuralfund $udget to ECU @$illion p;a; 5ca; 2 ofEU $udget6
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@222@22): ma#ing a success of
enlargement
• @ #ey themes:
i6 &ciency : simpli%cation design and procedures
ii6 reparation for enlargement
• 9genda @222 paved the &ay for $iggest everenlargement of the EU /2 ne& *em$er +tates
>oining in *ay @22
• !his historic enlargement $rought @2 increasein the EU population" $ut only
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@222@22): ma#ing a success of
enlargement
• N/0< $illion over 1 years for the +tructural=unds
• N/3 $illion over 1 years for the Cohesion =und
• 'ther preaccession instruments
Phare: N/2;0 $illion 5capacity $uilding6 +9P9RD: N;) $illion 5rural development6 I+P9: N1; $illion 5environment O
transport6
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+ummary: @222 @22)
phasingout of someo$>ective /"@ and ectives
Introduction of preaccession instrumentsfor candidates 5I+P96
Increase of thestructural fund $udgetto N3 $illion p;a; 5ca;
of EU $udget6
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Cohesion Policy today: focus on gro&thand >o$s
o$>ectives
Communityinitiatives
mainstreamed9ll regions eligi$le
Increase to N