Two decades of one Russian nuclear project in Bulgaria (NPS “ Belene ”)
2009 Bulgaria Nuclear Energy Conference - BULATOM 27-29 May 200 9
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Transcript of 2009 Bulgaria Nuclear Energy Conference - BULATOM 27-29 May 200 9
“The IAEA International Seismic Safety Centre and IAEA Safety Standards for Site Evaluation and Design of NPPs”
2009 Bulgaria Nuclear Energy Conference - BULATOM
27-29 May 2009
Antonio Godoy and Pierre Sollogoub, IAEA
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IAEA – SEISMIC SAFETY
THE INTERNATIONAL SEISMIC SAFETY CENTRE (ISSC)
Enhancing the Seismic Safety of Nuclear Installations
The ISSC has been established within the IAEA Department of Nuclear Safety and Security as a global focal point on seismic safety for nuclear installations worldwide
September 2008
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LAUNCHING THE ISSC – 52 GC
• IAEA 52nd Regular Session of the General Conference 2008 -Director General, M. ElBaradei, Statement – “IAEA AT A CROSSROADS”:“ . . . The Agency is proud to celebrate the 50th Anniversary
of the IAEA Safety Standards programme. We continue to upgrade our safety standards, including addressing threats to nuclear installations from extreme natural hazards such as volcanoes and tsunamis. In response to increasing Member States’ concerns, we established an International Seismic Safety Centre, which will pool expert knowledge and assist nuclear operators and regulators in the aftermath of major seismic events. . .”
(Nuclear Safety and Security Section).
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The 52nd IAEA GENERAL CONFERENCE
“we established an International Seismic Safety Centre”
Presentation booth on natural hazards
Press conference with Prof. Shibata and Japanese regulatory authority
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ISSC – BACKGROUND
• Seismic safety of nuclear installations is a subject that has received substantial attention at the IAEA within the frame of its statutory functions, and of the corresponding programmatic projects, for establishing safety standards and assisting member states for its application.
8/25/2005 12 International Atomic Energy Agency
Safety Standards Series hierarchySafety Standards Series hierarchy
Safety GuidesSafety Guides
RequirementsRequirements
Safety FundamentalsSafety Fundamentals
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ISSC – BACKGROUND
• From the inception of the nuclear safety standards in the 1970s, both areas i.e.
• (a) the seismic hazard evaluation at a site and
• (b) the seismic design, seismic qualification and seismic re-evaluation and upgrading of structures, systems and components of nuclear power plants
have been treated in a scientific and detailed manner based on the experience of and the consensus between MSs in its treatment.
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ISSC – BACKGROUND
• The IAEA safety guides have been revised three times during last 35 years and a new revision process started recently.
A new safety guide on the seismic safety evaluation of existing nuclear installations is in the publication stage (DS383) and the current safety guide on seismic hazard assessment (NS-G-3.3) is presently under revision process (as DS422).
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ISSC – BACKGROUND
• These IAEA safety standards have matured with time and with invaluable feedback from a very large number of advisory and review services . Now they are documents that are referred to by a majority of our MSs.
• These seismic safety review services started in the beginning of the 1980s and more than 100 were implemented to date for new nuclear installations and for safety upgrading of existing ones.
» At the site selection phase (siting),
» At the site evaluation phase
» During operation.
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ISSC – BACKGROUND
• Recently seismic matters are paid more attention owing to the occurrence of strong earthquakes that have affected nuclear power plants beyond their original design levels, impacting on the operation, economics and public credibility of these installations.
Earthquake Effects at the Plant: Fire at in-house (non-safety) electrical transformer
The fire was extinguished after 2 hours. The fire was extinguished after 2 hours.
Root cause: soil subsidence of the base of Root cause: soil subsidence of the base of the secondary connection bus bar with the secondary connection bus bar with respect to the transformer foundation. respect to the transformer foundation.
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Earthquake Effects at the Plant:Rupture of Fire Protection Water Pipe
Annex
CavityWater flow
BF5
Duct
BF4
BF3
BF2
BF1
Ground Level
S/P
RPV
Sump
R/B
The flooding affected radioactive waste processing equipment on BF5 of the Annex.
Ruptured FP water pipe.Root cause: soil failure
Amount of leaked water :approx. 2000m3
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Earthquake Effects at the Plant:Non-safety related Class B & C and Other SSCs
Near Unit 5
Near Switch Yard
Service Roads Ground Subsidence
Light Oil Tank Yard
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What we’ve learned from recent strong earthquakes?
• Consequences: Impacts on safety and non-safety related systems Damages to structures, equipment and
infrastructure (roads, fire fighting system) Seismically induced internal fire and flood Public concern – Response to the emergency
• Vibratory ground motions beyond the original design levels: >>SL-2 earthquake level.
• Realistic assessment of seismic margins. Earthquake experience data.
• Increased attention on findings and lessons, particularly, for new NPP projects and for “newcomers”.
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OTHER EXTERNAL EVENTS
• AIRCRAFT CRASH – 9/11
• INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI – December 2004
• HURRICANES
• TORNADOES
• VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
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ISSC – BACKGROUND
• Owing to the complexity of these multidisciplinary problems they should be resolved using the experience and contribution of the whole related international scientific community as well as sharing the lessons learned in order to avoid or mitigate the consequences of such extreme natural events.
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ISSC – OBJECTIVES
The objectives of the ISSC are:
1. Enhance seismic safety of nuclear installations –new and existing- in Member States;
2. Help in the development, revision and improvement of related safety standards;
3. Pool expert knowledge and assist nuclear operators and regulators in the aftermath of major seismic events;
4. Promote knowledge sharing among the international nuclear community.
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ISSC – AREAS OF ACTIVITIES
The main areas of the ISSC follow the functions established in the IAEA Statute:
1.1. Development of safety standards,Development of safety standards, as part of the statutory functions and regular budget activities;;
2. Assistance to MSs on the application of the safety standards through through safety review safety review servicesservices;
3.3. Development ofDevelopment of specific technical activitiesspecific technical activities through dedicated topical R&D projects;through dedicated topical R&D projects;
4.4. Education, Training, Knowledge SharingEducation, Training, Knowledge Sharing. .
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IAEA NS - NSNI – ESS/ISSC
Department of
Safeguards
Department of
Nuclear Science and Applications
Department of
Management
Department of
Nuclear Safety and
Security(NS)
Department of
Nuclear Energy
Department of
Technical Cooperation
NSNI/ISSC
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NS – Nuclear Safety Installation Division
Near future - Current proposal – 2ndH 2009:
ISSC
RAS-Regulatory
SAS-Safety Assessment
OSS-OperationalSafety
RRSS-ResearchReactors
Division of Nuclear Installation Safety
(NSNI)
INTERNATIONAL SEISMIC SAFETY CENTRE (ISSC):
• Site Selection and Site Evaluation
• Seismic safety• Other
External/Internal Hazards
• Human Induced Events including malevolent origin
• Environmental Impact Assessment
• Chapters 2 and 3 of SAR
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STRUCTURE OF ISSC
Development of Safety Standards
INTERNATIONAL SEISMIC SAFETY CENTRE (ISSC)
Application of Safety Standards
SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
(ScC)
IAEA Safety Standards Programme TOPICAL TECHNICAL PROJECTS
1. Seismic hazard assessment2. International benchmarks3. Post-earthquake actions4. Earthquake and Plant
Database – Knowledge Sharing
5. Experience feedback6. Tsunami and Flood Hazards7. Volcanic Hazards
Site and Seismic Safety Review Services
Education & Training
IAEA MEMBER STATES
(MSs)
Technical Meetings, Experts Meetings, Consultants.
Workshops
Services to Member States
Supports Advice
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STRUCTURE OF ISSC
The ISSC is part as a Section of the organizational structure of the Nuclear Safety Installation Division, and is constituted by:
1. IAEA Staff Members2. An extended roster of international specialists in
all disciplines of seismic safety and earthquake engineering
3. The Scientific Committee by highly recognized international scientists in all related fields.
• Included in the Budget and Programme Planning for 2010-2011.
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ISSC – SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE (ScC)
• The ScC is constituted within the framework of the ISSC. • The main function of the ScC is to provide scientific
guidance relative to: • (a) state-of-the-art developments in the required fields
of knowledge and expertise, and • (b) the activities, work plan, results and documents
prepared within ISSC scope. • The ScC will be constituted by worldwide recognized
scientists and experts, mainly from the academic and engineering fields, representing all related knowledge areas of the ISSC scope and with consideration to the experience from different geographic regions.
• The membership of the ScC may be changed considering the need to adapt it to the work plan activities.
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ISSC - SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
EUROPE ASIA NORTH AMERICA
SOUTH AMERICA
GEOLOGY X X X -.-
SEISMOLOGY -.- X -.- X
SEISMIC HAZARD X -.- X -.-
GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
X -.- -.- -.-
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
X X -.- X
EQUIPMENT X X X -.-
SEISMIC RISK -.- X X -.-
Technical areas Regions
TSUNAMI HAZARD
VOLCANIC HAZARD
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ISSC – AREAS OF ACTIVITIES
ACT. ISafety Standards
ACT. IISafety review
services
ACT. IIITopical projects
and R&D
ACT. IVEducation and
Training services
ACT. VKnowledge sharing database of earthquakes, plants and methodology
information
International Seismic Safety Centre conducts projects with four main ‘vertical’ pillars and maintains one knowledge sharing database as an ‘horizontal’ cross- cutting activity.
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MAIN AREAS OF ACTIVITIES
• Activity I : Development of Safety Standards• Activity II : Implementation of safety review services,
to assist MSs on the application of the safety standards (Engineering Review Services)
• Activity III : Development of specific methodologies and guidelines through dedicated topical projects and R&D
• Activity IV : Education and Training• Activity V : Knowledge management and database
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IAEA Safety Standards on Site Evaluation
SITE EVALUATION
REQUIREMENTS
GUIDES
SAFETY GUIDES
8/25/2005 12 International Atomic Energy Agency
Safety Standards Series hierarchySafety Standards Series hierarchy
Safety GuidesSafety Guides
RequirementsRequirements
Safety FundamentalsSafety Fundamentals
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NS-R-3 Requirements for Site Evaluation for Nuclear Installations
3.1 Safety Guide: EXTERNAL HUMAN INDUCED EVENTS in Site Evaluation for NPPs
3.2 Safety Guide: DISPERSION OF RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL IN AIR AND WATER and Consideration of Population Distribution in Site Evaluation for NPPs
3.5 Safety Guide: FLOOD HAZARDS for NPPs on Coastal and River Site
3.3 Safety Guide: Evaluation of SEISMIC HAZARDS for Nuclear Installations
3.4 Safety Guide: METEOROLOGICAL EVENTS in Site Evaluation for NPPs
XX-DS405-VOLCANIC HAZARDS in Site Evaluation for Nuclear Installations
3.6 Safety Guide: GEOTECHNICAL ASPECTS of Site Evaluation and Foundation for NPPs
SITE EVALUATION OF NUCLEAR INSTALLATIONS:
Merged with Radiation Assessment for Environmental Inspect.DPP to be prepared.
DPP422 approved by CSS.Revision of current version.For nuclear installations.
New.DPP417 approved by CSS.Merged of current 3.4 and 3.5.For nuclear installations.
New.Draft prepared.DPP to be prepared to formalize NUSSC approval.
Actions
Published in 2002.To be revised after 2010 (if needed).
Published in 2004.To be revised after 2011 (if needed).
Note: current structure future structure
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ACTIVITY I: SAFETY STANDARDS
1. DS 422 Safety Guide – Evaluation of Seismic Hazards of Nuclear Installations • Comments from MSs, 20 March 2009• Consultants Meeting, April 2009 • NUSSC meeting, June 2009 • CSS meeting, Nov. 2009• Publication, Feb. 2010
2. DS 417 – Meteorological and Hydrological Hazards in Site Evaluation of Nuclear Installations (To combine and supersede NS-G-3.4 and -3.5) • 5th CS March/April 2009, Vienna • 6th CS Tsunami - May 2009, Japan• 7th CS Final draft - July 2009, Vienna• Approval by NUSSC for submission to MSs: October 2009• CSS meeting: Sept 2010• Target publication date: Feb 2011
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(Continuation from the previous page)
3. DS 383 Safety Guide – Seismic Evaluation of Existing Nuclear Installations Published as NS-G-2.13
• Final editing and publication process is currently underway.
4. DS405 Evaluation of Volcanic Hazards for Nuclear Installations
• Draft to NUSSC in June 2009.
5. Revision of NS-G-1.6 – Seismic Design and Qualification for Nuclear Power Plants
• Revision process to start in 4Q/2009
ACTIVITY I: SAFETY STANDARDS
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ACTIVITY I: SAFETY STANDARDS
6. Safety Reports and TECDOCs:• Safety Report on “Pre-earthquake planning and post-
earthquake action for existing nuclear power plants” (to be published as a Safety Report in
4Q/2009)• TECDOC on “Safety Significance of a Type of Seismic Input
Motions and Consequences on Nuclear Industry Practice”Final Review
• Safety Report on “Methodologies for Seismic Safety Evaluation for existing Nuclear Installations” 2010
• TECDOC on “Seismic instrumentation for plant shutdown, restart and exceedence criteria” 2010
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ACTIVITY I: SAFETY STANDARDS
• Other safety guides under within ISSC framework• Site Evaluation for Nuclear Installations (NS-R-3 revision)• Protection against Internal and External Hazards in the Design of NPPs
(combining four existing guides)• Geotechnical Aspects of Site Evaluation and Foundations for Nuclear
Installations (To supersede NS-G-3.6) • External Human Induced Events in Site Evaluation for Nuclear
Installations (To supersede NS-G-3.1)• Site Survey for Nuclear Installations (Revision of Safety Series 50-SG-S9
(1984))
• And more safety reports• Safety Report on “Lessons learned from the Niigataken Chuetsu-oki
earthquake in July 2007 and the K-K NPP experience”
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SAFETY STANDARDS – PLANNING FOR SITE EVALUATION
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6
1NS-R-3 Site Evaluation for Nuclear Installations Safety Requirements (2003)
-
2
NS-G-3.1 External Human Induced Events in Site Evaluation for Nuclear Power Plants Safety Guide (2002)
-
3
NS-G-3.2 Dispersion of Radioactive Material in Air and Water and Consideration of Population Distribution in Site Evaluation for Nuclear Power Plants Safety Guide (2002)
DS 427
4NS-G-3.3 Evaluation of Seismic Hazards for Nuclear Power Plants Safety Guide (2003)
DS 422
5NS-G-3.4 Meteorological Events in Site Evaluation for Nuclear Power Plants Safety Guide (2003)
6
NS-G-3.5 Flood Hazard for Nuclear Power Plants on Coastal and River Sites Safety Guide (2004)
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NS-G-3.6 Geotechnical Aspects of Site Evaluation and Foundations for Nuclear Power Plants Safety Guide (2005)
-
8DS405 Volcanic Hazards in Site Evaluation for Nuclear Power Plants
DS 405
9SG-S9 Site Survey and Site Selection (1984)
SG-S9
Keydates:(1) DPP Approved by NUSSC/WASC (5) Submission to MSs. (9) Editing and Publication Committee(2) DPP Approved by CSS (6) Comments from MSs. (10) Publishing(3) 1st Draft finished for sending to NUSSC/WASC (7) Approval by NUSSC(4) NUSSC Approval (8) Approval by CSS
DS 417
SITE SELECTION AND EVALUATION: PLANNING PROCESS FOR REVIEWING / REVISING SAFETY STANDARDSRev. 03 Date: 23.04.2009
20112009 2010IAEA Safety Standard on Site Selection and Evaluation
Previous Years
(1) (5) (10)
(1)
(6) (7) (9)
(1) (2) (8) (9)
(1)
(1) (2) (10)(6) (8)(7) (9)(3) (5)(4)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(6) (7)(3) (5)(4)
(1) (3)(2) (4)
(2)
(2) (6) (7)(3) (5)(4)
(2)
(10)
(2) (3) (4)
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SS - PLANNING FOR DESIGN/EXTERNAL EVENTS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6
1
NS-G-1.5 External Events Excluding Earthquakes in the Design of Nuclear Power Plants Safety Guide (2003)
-
2NS-G-1.6 Seismic Design and Qualification for Nuclear Power Plants Safety Guide (2003)
-
3
NS-G-1.7 Protection Against Internal Fires and Explosions in the Design of Nuclear Power Plants Safety Guide (2004)
-
4
NS-G-1.11 Protection against Internal Hazards other than Fires and Explosions in the Design of Nuclear Power Plants Safety Guide (2004)
-
Keydates:(1) DPP Approved by NUSSC/WASC (5) Submission to MSs. (9) Editing and Publication Committee(2) DPP Approved by CSS (6) Comments from MSs. (10) Publishing(3) 1st Draft finished for sending to NUSSC/WASC (7) Approval by NUSSC(4) NUSSC Approval (8) Approval by CSS
DESIGN RELATED EXTERNAL / INTERNAL EVENTS: PLANNING PROCESS FOR REVIEWING / REVISING SAFETY STANDARDS Rev. 03 Date: 23.04.2009
IAEA Safety Standard on DesignPrevious Years
2009 2010 2011
(1) (2)(TM)
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• Current review activities on engineering safety and site selection and evaluation to be performed under ISSC
• Kashiwazaki-Kariwa (conducted as a special fact-finding programme) • Armenia• Jordan• Turkey• UAE• Algeria• Romania • Egypt• Belarus• China• Vietnam• Malaysia• Tunisia• Bangladesh
ACTIVITY II: SAFETY REVIEW SERVICES
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IAEA INVOLVEMENT – K-K NPP
1. “Seismic Safety Expert Mission - Preliminary Findings and Lessons Learned”, August 2007.
2. “1st Follow up Mission in relation to the Findings and Lessons Learned”, January/February 2008.
3. “Experts Meeting in relation to the Geological and Geophysical investigations”, May 2008.
4. “Experts Meeting in relation to the New Revised Seismic Hazard Assessment for the K-K NPP site”, June 2008.
5. “IAEA International Workshop on Lessons Learned from Recent Strong Earthquakes”, Kashiwazaki, Japan, June 2008.
6. “Experts Meeting in relation to the Geological and Geophysical investigations”, September 2008.
7. Presentations in international meetings and tasks related to ongoing EBP projects.
8. “2nd Follow up Mission in relation to the Findings and Lessons Learned”, 1-5 December 2008.
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Kashiwazaki-Kariwa update
• Niigata-ken Chuetsu-oki Earthquake (July 16, 2007) • Evaluation of the Integrity of SSCs during NCOE
• Analyses, Inspections • Re-evaluation of the seismic hazard for future operation• Evaluation of the plant seismic safety to new hazard and definition of
upgrades: approved by NISA (January 23, 2009)• NISA finished its report on system function and structural robustness
(February 12, 2009) • Minister of Economy, Mr. T. Nikai, issued a statement "there is no
safety hurdle in restarting" (February 13, 2009)• Mayors (April 8, 2009) and Governor (May 8, 2009) gave consent for
restart • TEPCO restarted the reactor of Unit 7. (May 9, 2009)
• 22 months for the restart of the first (of 7) Unit!
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• Topical researches and studies to be conducted within scope of the “EBP Seismic” project in relation to the earthquake and its effect on NPPs
• Seismic Hazard Evaluation, CAV/JMA Research/GM Simulat, • KARISMA (International analyses benchmark Unit 7 of KK NPP)• Post earthquake plant response actions• Seismic Instrumentation and Exceedance Criteria• Detailed guidelines for Seismic safety Re-evaluation of Existing
Installations• DATABASE: Seismic and Tsunami
OECD/NEA-IAEA Survey on NPPs that have experienced earthquakes On line monitoring system
• Probabilistic fault displacement assessment and other NISA/TEPCO activities
• PSHA project by NISA, Japan.
• R&D – Regional Centres • Tsunamis and Volcanic Hazards Assessment projects
ACTIVITY III: TOPICAL PROJECTS AND R&D
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ACTIVITY IV: EDUCATION AND TRAINING
1) ISSC Annual Workshop in Kashiwazaki2) Training Course in Genève and ICTP 3) Workshop on issues and lessons learned in China
(Asia region) 4) International Annual Workshop in Latin America
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ACTIVITY IV: EDUCATION AND TRAINING
1) ISSC Annual Workshop in Kashiwazaki• Organizer: IAEA-ISSC• Joint-organizer: NISA• Target: November 2009 at Kashiwazaki, Japan• Resource: 2009 Voluntary contribution of NISA for
ISSC• Scope: Developments and projections of all
ISSC activities and Annual Plenary Meeting of ISSC Scientific
Committee• Participants: Up to 50 experts in relation to ISSC
activities• Output: A report (with working materials)
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ACTIVITY IV: EDUCATION AND TRAINING
2) Training Courses a. Hazard assessment methods of critical facilities• Organizer: University of Genève• Co-Organizer: IAEA-ISSC• Schedule: August 2010 • Location: Genève, Switzerland
b. ICTP course on Seismic Safety of nuclear facilities• Organizer: International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP)• Co-Organizer: IAEA-ISSC• Schedule: 30 November - 4 December 2009• Location: Trieste, Italy • Resources: ICTP budget
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ACTIVITY IV: EDUCATION AND TRAINING
3) ISSC Workshop on issues and lessons learned from recent earthquakes in China (tentative)
• Organizer: IAEA-ISSC• Joint-organizer: to be announced• Target: July/August 2009 in Shanghai, China• Resource: 2009 Voluntary contribution of European
Union for ISSC• Scope: Whole ISSC scope in the region of Asia• Participants: Experts on Seismic hazard analysis,
seismology, structure engineering relating to nuclear installation mainly from Asian countries
• Output: A report (with working materials)
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ACTIVITY IV: EDUCATION AND TRAINING
4) International Annual Workshop in Latin America
• Organizer: IAEA-ISSC• Joint-organizer: National Atomic Energy Commission
(Argentina)• Target: 5-9, October 2009 in Buenos-Aires,
Argentina • Resources: 2009 EU Contribution for ISSC• Scope: External Hazards for Nuclear
Installations• Participants: Experts on Seismic hazard analysis,
seismology, structure engineering from Latin American countries.
• Output: A report (with working materials)
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ACTIVITY IV: EDUCATION AND TRAINING
• Other activities:• Asia Nuclear Safety Network workshop in South-east Asia
• Tentative target Winter 2009/2010• Scope: Safety Requirements of NPP Siting
• 20th Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology (SMiRT 20) : An Special Session regarding the KK NPP experience (Aug. 2009, Finland)
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ACTIVITY V: KNOWLEDGE & DATABASE
• Collection of information for sharing knowledge and experiences of real earthquake effects on NPPs
• Survey on NPPs that have experienced earthquakes – collaboration with OECD/NEA –
• Creation and maintenance of a seismic safety Database
• Bibliography and reports• Real earthquake records of Strong Ground Motion Accelerometers• Documents produced by topical researches • Results on experimental tests for equipment seismic qualification• Seismic Hazard Assessment• Earthquake Occurrence Monitoring Display System
4504/21/23 45
When strong earthquake happens, Monitoring System will give a warning on screen and will show NPP sites nearby the earthquakes and list them according to the criteria. The system will be a web based online monitoring system.
The information obtained from the system will be used for further assessment of the NSNI/ISSC.
Monitoring System will also generate an automatic e-mail and SMS massage and send to relevant persons.
Monitoring System for NPP Sites nearby Strong Earthquakes
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Screen 1: Home Page (Default)
Map of the world with location of NPP sites and location of recent earthquakes listed in the right table appears in the Home Page.
List of earthquakes with different colour
Green background for 3 < M < 5 Yellow background for 5 < M < 7 Red background for M > 7
When an earthquake M>5 happen, the earthquake is automatically selected and Screen 2 is loaded,orwhen we click one of the listed earthquake, Screen 2 is loaded.
List is in date order but, If 3 < M < 5, Ei disappears after 1 weekIf 5 < M < 7, Ei disappears after 2 weeksIf M > 7, Ei disappears after 1 monthfrom the list and the map.(This should be customizable through user interface, if it is possible.)
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Screen 2: When an earthquake selected
List of NPP sites within Earthquake Concern Region and their distance to epicentre
Two ways of operation: (1) Default selection is latest earthquake (automatically). (2) we can select an previous earthquake (manually). In both case, selected one appears in details with different background.
Criteria for the list of NPP sites dx = 50 km 5 > M 3 dx = 300 km 7 > M 5 dx = 1000 km M 7
5 km 18 km 35 km 37 km 49 km … .
Distance to epicentre
Draw the page acc. to
selected dx distance
Redraw
dx
Map with locations of NPP sites and Earthquake Concern
Region (by default dx is calculated according to given criteria.)
When an NPP site is selected, Screen 3 is loaded.
dx default value is loaded using the below criteria. It can be given manually.
Reference list
.
1- Reference table
---
(We can write more information about EQ to the table.)
2- If an earthquake is in Japan region (it will be given),
link to K-net will appears http://www.k-net.bosai.go.jp/k-net/quake/index_en.html
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Screen 3: Specific NPP Site data
By default, the first unit is selected. Otherwise any unit can be selected manually.
Unit details of selected unit
4949
IAEA – ISSC
THE INTERNATIONAL SEISMIC SAFETY CENTRE (ISSC)
WHERE WE ARE NOW?
WHERE ARE WE GOING?
5050
PRESENT SITUATION: “ISOLATED” APPROACH
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
EBP TsunamiEBP Seismic
EBP ISSC Japan
NCO July 2007 EarthquakeK-K NPP
EBP ISSC EC(Proposed Project)
5 years
ISSC
CU
RR
EN
T E
PB
s
Need of Sustainability
(1SC) (2SC) (3SC)
(3SC)(2SC)
(FSC)
(FSC)(1SC)
(PM)
(PM)
5151
LONG TERM VISION – “INTEGRATED” APPROACH
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
EBP Tsunami (2) (3)
EBP Seismic (2) (3)
EBP ISSC Japan
(1) (2) (3)
EBP ISSC EC 5 years
ISSC
CU
RR
EN
T E
BP
s
Sustainability - stability
++
5252
IAEA – ISSC
THE INTERNATIONAL SEISMIC SAFETY CENTRE (ISSC)
WHERE ARE WE GOING?:
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH FOR EXTERNAL EVENTS
• Natural and human induced external events
• Accidental and malevolent origin
• Hazard, design and re-evaluation
5353
CONCLUDING REMARKS
• “Lessons learned” from the occurrence of strong natural events, (tsunamis, earthquakes, hurricanes, etc.)
• The INTERNATIONAL SEISMIC SAFETY CENTRE as a global focal point for the nuclear engineering community in those fields.
• A need for international cooperation, openness and transparency – Sharing of experience.
54
International Atomic Energy Agency
Thank you for your attention