2008

2008 2008

NORTH DAKOTANORTH DAKOTA

Pregnancy NutritionSurveillance System

GraphicsGraphics

20072007 (prior year) national PNSS (prior year) national PNSS data are presented.data are presented.

Contributors included 28 states, the Contributors included 28 states, the District of Columbia, 4 Indian Tribal District of Columbia, 4 Indian Tribal Organizations, and 1 U.S. territory.Organizations, and 1 U.S. territory.

Comparing Contributor and National DataComparing Contributor and National Data

Source of dataSource of data

2008 ND PNSS Table 1C

* Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children.

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

State

Nation

Percentage

WIC*

MaternalHealth

Other

Racial and ethnic distribution Racial and ethnic distribution


0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

State

Nation

Percentage

White

Black

Hispanic

American Indian

Asian

Multiple

Other

Trends in racial and ethnic distributionTrends in racial and ethnic distribution

0

20

40

60

80

100

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Year

Perc

enta

ge

White Black Hispanic American Indian Asian Multiple


Age distributionAge distribution


0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

State

Nation

Percentage

<15 Years15-17 Years18-19 Years20-29 years30-39 Years≥40 Years

Trends in age distributionTrends in age distribution

0

20

40

60

80

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Year

Perc

enta

ge

<15 Years 15-17 Years 18-19 Years20-29 Years 30-39 Years 40+ Years


Education levelEducation level


0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

State

Nation

Percentage

<High School High School>High School

Migrant statusMigrant status


0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

State

Nation

Percentage

Yes

No

Household income Household income reported as percent poverty levelreported as percent poverty level Household income Household income reported as percent poverty levelreported as percent poverty level


0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

State

Nation

Percentage

0-50

51-100

101-130

131-150

151-185

186-200

Over 200

Adj. Eligibility

Program participationProgram participationat initial prenatal visitat initial prenatal visit

0

25

50

75

100

WIC* SNAP** Medicaid TANF***

Per

cent

age

State Nation


* Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children. ** Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. *** Temporary Assistance for Needy Families.

Timing of WIC enrollment and medical careTiming of WIC enrollment and medical care

0102030405060708090

100

1st Trimester

2ndTrimester

3rd Trimester

Postpartum 1st Trimester No Care

Per

cent

age

State Nation


WIC Enrollment Medical Care

Year 2010target*

* Year 2010 target: 90% of pregnant women will enter into prenatal care during the first trimester.

Trends in WIC enrollment and medical careTrends in WIC enrollment and medical care

0102030405060708090

100

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Year

Per

cent

age

Medical Care 1st Trimester No Medical Care 1st Trimester WIC Enrollment


Trends in first trimester WIC enrollment by race and ethnicityTrends in first trimester WIC enrollment by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

50

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Per

cent

age

White Black Hispanic American Indian Asian Multiple Total


Parity and interpregnancy interval Parity and interpregnancy interval

0

10

20

30

40

50

0 1 2 3 or More < 6Months

6-18Months

Perc

enta

ge

State Nation


Parity Interpregnancy Interval

Prevalence of prepregnancy underweight and overweight*Prevalence of prepregnancy underweight and overweight*


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Perc

enta

ge

State Nation

* Underweight (BMI < 19.8); overweight (BMI = 26.0-29.0); and obese (BMI > 29.0).

Underweight Normal Overweight (top) and Obese

Prevalence of prepregnancy underweight*by race and ethnicityPrevalence of prepregnancy underweight*by race and ethnicity

0

5

10

15

20

25

White Black Hispanic AmericanIndian

Asian Multiple Total

Per

cent

age

State Nation


* BMI < 19.8.

Prevalence of prepregnancy overweight*by race and ethnicityPrevalence of prepregnancy overweight*by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

50

60



Per

cent

age

State Nation


* BMI > 26.0 (includes overweight and obese women).

Prevalence of less than ideal maternal weight gain*by race and ethnicity

Prevalence of less than ideal maternal weight gain*by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40



Per

cent

age

State Nation


* Ideal weight gain: prepregnancy underweight = 28-40 pounds; prepregnancy normal weight = 25-35 pounds; prepregnancy overweight and obese = 15-25 pounds.

Prevalence of greater than ideal maternal weight gain*by race and ethnicity

Prevalence of greater than ideal maternal weight gain*by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

50

60



Per

cent

age

State Nation



Prevalence of less than ideal, ideal and greater than ideal maternal weight gain*

Prevalence of less than ideal, ideal and greater than ideal maternal weight gain*

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

< Ideal Ideal > Ideal

Perc

enta

ge

State Nation



Maternal weight gain*by prepregnancy BMI**Maternal weight gain*by prepregnancy BMI**

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Underweight Normal Overweight Obese

Prepregnancy BMI

Perc

enta

ge

< Ideal Weight Gain > Ideal Weight Gain



** Underweight (BMI < 19.8); overweight (BMI = 26.0-29.0); and obese (BMI > 29.0).

Trends in prevalence of prepregnancy overweight and underweight* Trends in prevalence of prepregnancy overweight and underweight*

0

20

40

60

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Year

Perc

enta

ge

Overweight Underweight

2008 ND PNSS Table 16C* Underweight (BMI < 19.8); overweight (BMI > 26.0; includes overweight and obese).

Trends in prevalence of less than ideal and greater than ideal weight gain*Trends in prevalence of less than ideal and greater than ideal weight gain*

0

20

40

60

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Year

Perc

enta

ge

< Ideal Weight Gain > Ideal Weight Gain



Trends in the prevalence of less than ideal maternal weight gain*by race and ethnicity

Trends in the prevalence of less than ideal maternal weight gain*by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Perc

enta

ge

White Black Hispanic Amer Indian Asian Multiple Total



Trends in the prevalence of greater than ideal maternal weight gain*by race and ethnicity

Trends in the prevalence of greater than ideal maternal weight gain*by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Perc

enta

ge




Prevalence of anemia* by timing of program enrollmentPrevalence of anemia* by timing of program enrollment

0

10

20

30

40

1st Trimester 2nd Trimester 3rd Trimester Postpartum

Perc

enta

ge

State Nation

2008 ND PNSS Table 2C * Hb or Hct < 5th percentile, CDC MMWR vol. 47 (No. RR-3), 1998.

Prevalence of third-trimester anemia* by race and ethnicity

Prevalence of third-trimester anemia* by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

50

60



Per

cent

age

State Nation


* Hb or Hct < 5th percentile, CDC MMWR vol. 47 (No. RR-3), 1998.

Prevalence of postpartum anemia* by race and ethnicityPrevalence of postpartum anemia* by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

50



Per

cent

age

State Nation


* Hb or Hct < 5th percentile, CDC MMWR vol. 47 (No. RR-3), 1998.

Trends in prevalence of third trimester anemia*by race and ethnicity

Trends in prevalence of third trimester anemia*by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Perc

enta

ge



Trends in the prevalence of postpartum anemia*by race and ethnicity

Trends in the prevalence of postpartum anemia*by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Perc

enta

ge



Prevalence of smoking and smoking in the household by pregnancy statusPrevalence of smoking and smoking in the household by pregnancy status

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

3 Mos Prior toPregnancy

DuringPregnancy

Last 3 Mos ofPregnancy

Postpartum DuringPregnancy

Postpartum

Perc

enta

ge

State Nation2008 ND PNSS Table 2C

Smoking Smoking in the Household

Year 2010 target: 99% of pregnant women report no smoking in the past month.

Smoking changes during pregnancyamong women who reported smoking three months prior to pregnancySmoking changes during pregnancyamong women who reported smoking three months prior to pregnancy

0

10

20

30

40

50

Quit by 1st Prenatal Visit Quit by 1st Prenatal Visit andStayed Off Cigarettes

Pe

rce

nta

ge

State Nation


Trends in prevalence of smoking during the last 3 months of pregnancy by race and ethnicity

Trends in prevalence of smoking during the last 3 months of pregnancy by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

50

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Perc

enta

ge



Trends in the prevalence of smoking in the household*by race and ethnicity

Trends in the prevalence of smoking in the household*by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

50

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Perc

enta

ge


2008 ND PNSS Table 22C* During the prenatal period.

Prevalence of maternal drinkingPrevalence of maternal drinking

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

3 Months Prior to Pregnancy Last 3 Months of Pregnancy

Per

cent

age

State Nation

2008 ND PNSS Table 2CYear 2010 Target: 6% or less of pregnant women report use of alcohol in the previous month.

Prevalence of medical conditions during Prevalence of medical conditions during pregnancy*pregnancy*

0

5

10

15

Diabetes Hypertension

Perc

enta

ge

State Nation

2008 ND PNSS Tables 2C

* Woman reports being told by doctor she had diabetes prior to and/or during pregnancy. Woman reports being told by doctor she had hypertension prior to and/or during pregnancy.

Prevalence of diabetes during pregnancy*by race and ethnicityPrevalence of diabetes during pregnancy*by race and ethnicity

0

5

10



Per

cent

age

State Nation


* Includes diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes.

Prevalence of hypertension during pregnancy*by race and ethnicityPrevalence of hypertension during pregnancy*by race and ethnicity

0

5

10

15



Per

cent

age

State Nation


* Includes chronic hypertension and pregnancy-induced hypertension.

Prevalence of multivitamin use prior to andPrevalence of multivitamin use prior to andduring pregnancy*during pregnancy*

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Prepregnancy Use During Pregnancy

Perc

enta

ge

State Nation

2008 ND PNSS Tables 2C

* Multivitamin use prior to pregnancy is a proxy for folic acid consumption. Multivitamin use during pregnancy is a proxy for iron consumption. Year 2010 Target: Increase to 80% the number of women of childbearing age who take in

400 mcg. of folic acid each day.

Prevalence of multivitamin use prior to pregnancy*by race and ethnicity

Prevalence of multivitamin use prior to pregnancy*by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30



Per

cent

age

State Nation


* Multivitamin use prior to pregnancy is a proxy for folic acid consumption. Year 2010 Target: Increase to 80% the number of women of childbearing age who take in 400 mcg. of folic acid each day.

Prevalence of multivitamin use during pregnancy*by race and ethnicity

Prevalence of multivitamin use during pregnancy*by race and ethnicity

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90



Perc

enta

ge

State Nation


* Multivitamin use during pregnancy is a proxy for iron consumption.

Prevalence of low birthweight and high Prevalence of low birthweight and high birthweight *birthweight *


* VLBW < 1500 g; LBW = 1500 - < 2500 g; HBW > 4000 g. ** Year 2010 Target: Reduce very low birthweight to < 0.9 percent and low birthweight to < 5.0 percent.

LBW (top) and HBW VLBW

0

5

10

Pe

rce

nta

ge

State Nation

Prevalence of selected birth outcomes*Prevalence of selected birth outcomes*Prevalence of selected birth outcomes*Prevalence of selected birth outcomes*

0

5

10

15

Preterm Full Term LowBirthweight

Multiple Births

Pe

rce

nta

ge

State Nation

2008 ND PNSS Table 2C * Preterm: < 37 weeks gestation. Full term low birthweight: 37 or more weeks and < 2500 g.

Prevalence of low birthweight*by race and ethnicityPrevalence of low birthweight*by race and ethnicity

0

5

10

15

20



Per

cent

age

State Nation


* Low birthweight includes VLBW < 1500 g and LBW = 1500-<2500 g. ** Year 2010 target: Reduce low birthweight to < 5.0 percent.

Year 2010target**

Prevalence of low birthweight*by selected health indicatorsPrevalence of low birthweight*by selected health indicators

0

5

10

15

20

Prepregnancy BMI Weight Gain Smoking DuringPregnancy

Per

cent

age

2008 ND PNSS Table 13C* Low birthweight includes VLBW < 1500 g and LBW = 1500-<2500 g. ** Year 2010 target: Reduce low birthweight to < 5.0 percent.

Under- Normal Over- < Ideal Ideal > Ideal Smoker Nonsmoker weight weight

Year 2010target**

Prevalence of high birthweight* by race and ethnicityPrevalence of high birthweight* by race and ethnicity

0

5

10

15



Per

cent

age

State Nation


* High birthweight > 4000 g.

Prevalence of preterm delivery* by race and ethnicityPrevalence of preterm delivery* by race and ethnicity

0

5

10

15

20



Per

cent

age

State Nation


* Preterm: < 37 weeks gestation.

Trends in the prevalence of low birthweight* by race and ethnicityTrends in the prevalence of low birthweight* by race and ethnicity

0

5

10

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Perc

enta

ge


2008 ND PNSS Table 23C * < 2500 g.

Trends in the prevalence of high birthweight* by race and ethnicityTrends in the prevalence of high birthweight* by race and ethnicity

0

5

10

15

20

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Perc

enta

ge


2008 ND PNSS Table 23C * > 4000 g.

Trends in the prevalence of preterm delivery* by race and ethnicityTrends in the prevalence of preterm delivery* by race and ethnicity

0

5

10

15

20

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Perc

enta

ge


2008 ND PNSS Table 23C * < 37 weeks gestation.

Percentage of infants ever breastfed* by race and ethnicityPercentage of infants ever breastfed* by race and ethnicity

0102030405060708090

100



Pe

rce

nta

ge

State Nation

Year 2010 target**


* Includes infants currently breastfeeding or ever breastfed as reported by mother at postpartum visit . ** Year 2010 Target: Increase the proportion of mothers who breastfeed their babies in the early postpartum period to 75%.

Trends in the percentage of infants ever breastfed*by race and ethnicity

Trends in the percentage of infants ever breastfed*by race and ethnicity

010203040506070

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Year

Per

cent

age



* Reported by mother at postpartum visit. Year 2010 target: increase the proportion of mothers who breastfeed their babies in the early postpartum period to 75%.

2008

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