Solved Examples- Units and Dimension

MAT Past papersMAT- UNSOLVED PAPER -SEP- 2007101In a proportion the multiplication of 1st and 4th terms is 40 and that of 2nd and 3rd terms in 2.5 x then the value of x is:

16367590Problemaaa2Problem02Suppose it is 3 o'clock. After 20 minutes the angle between the smaller and bigger hands will be:

20o30110o1203Problem03Two trains are moving in opposite direction at speed of 60km/hour and 90km/hour, their length are 1:10 km and 0.9 km. respectively The time taken by the slower train to cross the faster train in seconds is :

364945484Problem04Ram takes a loan of Rs. 10,000 and pays back Rs. 13,000 after 3 years. The compound interest rate per annum will be approximately

8%9%10%11%5Problem05Hari buys a horse at a discount of 25%. At what percentage above the cost price should he sell to make a profit of 25% over the. original list price?

25.0030.0040.0066.676Problem06The first three numbers in a series are - 3,0,3 the 10th number in the series will be

18 21 24277Problem07Two solid spheres of radii 1 am and 2 cm were melted and combined to form a bigger sphere the radius of the bigger sphere is:

21/3cm31/3cm81/3cm91/3cm8Problem08Three math classes: X, V, and Z, take an algebra test. The average score in class X is 83.The average score in class Y is 76. The average score in class Z is 85.The average score of all students in classes X and Y together is 79.The average score of all students in classes Y and 7. together is 81.What is the average for all the three classcs?

8181.58284.59Problem09A solid cube with an edge of 10 cm. is melted to from two equal cubes. The ratio of the edge of the smaller cube to the bigger cube is:

a.

b. 1/2

c.

d.

10Problem10An angle is equal to 1/3 rd of its supplement. Find its measure:

6080 904511Problem11A man goes 1.5 meters due west and then 8 meters due north. How far is he from the starting point?

19 meters 16 meters17 meters 15 meters12Problem122.5 bags of wheat each weighing 40 kg. cost Rs.2750/-. Find the cost of 3.5 bags of wheat if each bags weights 50 kg.

Rs.5812.50 Rs.6212.50 Rs.4812.50 Rs.3812.5013Problem13Find the whole number which when increased by 20 is equal to 69 times the reciprocal of the number

7532.514Problem14A father's age is three times the sum of the ages of his two children, but 20 years hence his age will be equal to the sum of their ages. Then the father's age is:

30 years40 years35 years45 years15Problem15Ratio of Ashok's age to Pradeep's age is 4 : 3. Ashok will be 26 years old after 6 years. How old is Pradeep now?

18 years21 years15 years24 years16Problem16A room 5 mx 8 m is to be carpeted leaving a margin of 10 cm from each wall. If the cost of the carpet is Rs. 18 per m2, the cost of carpeting the room will be:

Rs. 702.60Rs. 691.80Rs. 682.46Rs.673.9217Problem17A circle road runs around a circular garden. If the difference between the circumference of the outer circle and the inner circle is 44 m, the width of the road is .

4 m7 m3,5 m7,5 m18Problem18A garden is 24 m long and 14 m wide. There is a path 1 m wide outside the garden along its sides. If the path is to be constructed with, square marble tiles 20 cm y. 20 cm, the number of tiles required to cover the path is

18002002000215019Problem19How many small cubes, each of 96 cm2 surface area, can be formed from the material obtained by melting a larger cube of 384 cm2 surface area?

88005800020Problem202 cm of rain has fallen on a sq. km of land. Assuming that 50% of the raindrops could have been collected and contained in a pool having a 100 m x 10 m base, by what level would the water level in the pool have increased?

15 m20 m10 m25 m21Problem21A merchant marks his goods up by 60% and then offers a discount on the marked price. If the final selling price after the discount results in the merchant making no profit or loss, what was the percentage discount offered by the merchant?

60%40%37.5%Depends on the cost price22Problem22A student is to answer 10 out of 13 questions in an examination such that he must choose at least four from the first five questions. The number of choices available to him is

14019628034623Problem23The number of ways in which a team of eleven players can be selected from 22 players including 2 of them and excluding 4 of them is:

1611I6C516C9 20C924Problem24An examination paper contains 8 questions of which 4 have 3 possible answers each, 3 have 2 possible answers each and the remaining one question has 5 possible answers. The total number of possible answers to all the questions is

28807894324025Problem25The value of logab. logbc. logcd. Logde. logea4 is

1.12.23.34.426Problem26A person standing on the hank of a river observes that the angle of elevation of the top of a tree on the opposite bank of the river 60 and when he retires* 40 meters away from the tree the angle of elevation becomes 30. The breadth of the river is:

40 m30 m20 m60 m27Problem27The horizontal distance between the two towers is 60 m. The angular elevation of the top of the taller tower as seen from the top of the shorter one is 30. If the height of the taller tower is 150 m, the height of the shorter one is:

115 m216 m200 mNone of these28Problem28Find the greatest number that will divide 964, 1238 and 1400 leaving remainders 41, 31 and 51, respectively.

7181617329Problem29A class consists of 100 students. 25 of them are girls and 75 boys; 20 of them are rich and remaining poor; 40 of them are fair complexioned. The probability of selecting a fair complexioned rich girl is:

0.020.040,050.0830Problem30In a class of 125 students 70 passed in Mathematics, 55 in Statistics and 30 in both. The probability that a student selected at random from the class, has passed in only one subject is:

13/253/2517/258/2531Problem31Swati and Rajani enter into a partnership with their capitals in the ratio 5 : 6. At the end of 8 months, Swati withdraws her capital. If they receive the profit in the ratio of 5: 9, find how long Rajani's capital was used?

10 months 12 months 14 months None of these32Problem32A committee consists of 9 experts taken from three institutions A, B and C, of w hich 2 are from A, 3 from B and 4 from C. If three experts resign, then the probability that they belong to different institutions is:

1/7291/241/212/733Problem33The number of observations -in a group is 40. If the average of the first 10 is 4.5 and that of the remaining 30 is 3,5, then the average of the whole group is:

15/41/58434Problem34In a village, a survey found that 25% of the people were keeping normal health of the remaining 75%, 50,000 were suffering from TB, 40,000 from hypertension and 15,000 from both TB and hypertension. No other ailments were present What is the population of the village (in lakhs)?

0.752.01.5135Problem35The mean of 25 observations was found to be 78.4. But later on it was found that 96 was misread as 69. The correct mean is:

79.4876.5481.3278.436Problem36The mean and standard deviation of the marks of 200 candidates were found to be 40 and 15 respectively. Later, it was discovered that a score 40 was wrongly read as 50. The correct mean and standard deviation are respectively

14.98,38.95 39.95, 14.98 39.95,24.5 40.05, 14.9837Problem37From - the salary of an employee, 10% is deducted as house rent, 15% of the rest ke spends on children's education and 10% of the balance, he spends on clothes. After this expenditure he is left with Rs. 1377. His salary is:

Rs. 2000 Rs. 2040 Rs. 2100Rs.220038Problem38The price of "an article is cut by 20%. To restore it to its original price, the new price must be increased by :

20% 22- %25%40%39Problem39The average of marks obtained by 120 candidates was 35. If the average of the passed candidates was 39 and that of the failed candidates was 15, then the number, of candidates who passed the examination was:

10011012015040Problem40A student scored 30% marks in the first paper of Physics out of 180 marks. He has to get an overall score of at least 50% in two papers. The second paper is carrying 150 marks. The percentage of marks he should score in the second paper to get the overall average score is:

80%76%74%70%41Problem41Who is the Secretary General of SAARC ?

Ban Ki-moonDr. Karan SinghQ.A.M.A RahimNone of these42Problem42What is the largest tea-producing country ? ChinaIndiaSri LankaKenya43Problem43Which of the following Indian banks is not a nationalized bank?

Syndicate Bank Bank of India Federal Bank Vijaya Bank44Problem44Which two-wheeler major has recently announced that it is developing a concept for a small car?

TVSHero HondaBajaj AutoKawasaki45Problem45Which group has recently launched its mobile services into the European market?

Tata GroupBharti GroupIdea CellularHutch46Problem46Which bank is known to be India's second- largest?

SBIPNBICICIHDFC47Problem47Interestingly, which well-known industrialist(s) subscribed in a big way to the recently launched ICICI's mega equity offer?

Mukesh Ambani Azim PremjiRahul Bajaj All of these48Problem48Who has been recently appointed as Chairman of ONGC ?

R.S. Sharma Subir Raha Bimal JalanG.N. Bajpai49Problem49The Union Government has exited Maruti Udyog completely by selling its residual stake of for Rs. 2,360 crore to financial institutes.

15.27%20.27%13.27%10.27%50Problem50Navratna status has been conferred on:

HALBELPFCAll of these51Problem51India's economic growth rate is the second highest in the world after

ChinaJapanUKRussia52Problem52Which of the following countries is the largest trading partner and foremost export destination of India?

RussiaChinaUSABrawl53Problem53Who among the following Bollywood actors was presented the Silver Star award for outstanding contribution in increasing HIV/ AIDS awareness?

Shabana AzmiRckhaAmitabh BachchanShilpa Shetty54Problem54Which of the following companies is associated with the exploration and commercial production of oil in Barmer- Sanchore basin of Rajasthan?

Reliance KnergyONGCCairn EnergyIndian Oil Corporation55Problem55G-8 group of nations consists of -nations of the world.

developingmost industrializedpoor nationspopulous56Problem56Who is India's first trillionaire with over Rs. 1,00,000 crore of net worth in his company's share holdings?

Anil AmbaniAzim PremjiMukesh AmbaniRatan Tata57Problem57Miss Universe 2007 crown was won by Ms. Rlyo Mori of

BrazilVenezuelaUSAJapan58Problem58What is the targeted literacy rate by the end of the Tenth Plan?

70%80%65%75%59Problem59World Population Day is observed on

II June II August 11 July 11 December60Problem60Which group has stepped into The retailing segment with the launch that win operate under the brand name 'More' ?

Tata groupReliance groupAditya Birla groupMahindra & Mahindra group61 Directions (Questions 61-64):Answer these questions based on the information given.In a car exhibition, seven cars of seven different companies viz. Cadillac, Ambassador, Fiat, Maruti, Mercedes, Bedford and Fargo were displayed in a row, facing east such that:

Cadillac car was to the immediate right of Fargo.Fargo was fourth to the right of Fiat.Maruti car was between Ambassador and Bedford.Fiat, which was third to the left of Ambassador car, was at one of the ends.62Problem61Which of the following was the correct position of the Mercedes?

Immediate right of CadillacImmediate left of BedfordBetween Bedford and FargoFourth to the right of Maruti63Problem62Which of the following is definitely true?

Fargo car is between Ambassador and Fiat.Cadillac car is to the immediate left of Mercedes.Fargo is to -the immediate right of Cadillac.Maruti is fourth to the right of Mercedes.64Problem63Which of the following is definitely true?

Maruti is to the immediate left of Ambassador.Bedford is to the immediate left of Fiat.Bedford is at one of the ends.Fiat is second to the right of Maruti.65Problem64Which of the following groups of cars is to the right of the Ambassador car?

Cadillac, Fargo and MarutiMaruti, Bedford and FiatMercedes, Cadillac and FargoBedford, Cadillac and Fargo66Problem65A party consists of grandmother, father, mother, four sons and their wives and one son and two daughters to each of the sons. How many females arc there in all ?

1416182467Problem66Lakshmi and Meena are Rohan's wives. Shalini is 'Meena s step-daughter. How is Lakshmi related to Shalini ?

SisterMother-in-LawMotherStep-mother68Problem67Daya has a brother, Anil. Daya is the son of Chandra. Rimal is Chandra's father. In terms of relationship, what is Anil of Bimal ?

SonGrandsonBrotherGrandfather69Problem68Rahul's mother is the only daughter of Monika's father. How is Monika's husband related to Rahul ?

UncleFatherGrandfatherBrother70Directions (Questions 69 - 72) :Complete the series71Problem69MHZ, NIW, OKT, PNQ, ?

RRNQRNQRMQQN72Problem70Q1F, S2E, U6D, W21C, ?

Y66BY44BY88BZ88B73Problem71 (2, 3), (3, 5), (5, 7), (7, 11), (II, 13), ?

(13, 15)(15,16)(13, 17)(13,19)74Problem72CAT, FDW, IGZ, ?

KJAKTCLI IDLJC75Problem73The burning of coal, oil and other combustible energy sources produces carbon dioxide, a natural constituent of the atmosphere. Elevated levels of carbon dioxide arc thought to be responsible for half the greenhouse effect. Enough carbon dioxide has' been sent into the atmosphere already to cause a significant temperature increase. Growth in industrial production must be slowed, or production processes must he changed Which of the following, if true, would tend to weaken the strength of the above conclusion?

Many areas of the world are cold any way, so a small rise in temperature would be welcome.Carbon dioxide is bad for health.Most carbon dioxide is emitted by automobiles.Industry is switching over to synthetic liquid fuel extracted from coal.76Problem74Psychological research indicates that college hockey and football players arc more quickly moved to hostility and aggression than are college athletes in non-contact sports such as, swimming. But the researchers' conclusion the contact sports encourage and teach participants to be hostile and aggressive is untenable. The football and hockey players were probably more hostile' and aggressive to start with, than the swimmers.Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn by the psychological researchers?The football and hockey players became more hostile and aggressive during the season and remained so during the oil season, whereas there was no increase in aggressiveness among the swimmers.The football and hockey players, but not the swimmers, were aware at the start of the experiment that they were being tested for aggressiveness.The same psychological research indicated that the football and hockey players had a great respect for cooperation and team play, whereas the swimmers were most concerned with excelling as individual competitors.The research studies were designed to include no college athletes who participated in both contact and non-contact sports.77Problem75For our nation to compete successfully in the high-technology enterprises of the future, workers with skills in maths and science will be needed. But it is doubtful that they will be available, since there is a shortage of high school maths and science teachers that shows no signs of improving.Industry can help alleviate this problem by- funding scholarship grants and aid to college students who graduate in maths and science with the hope of pursuing teaching careers. "Which of the f'.flowing, if true, would most probably prevent the proposed plan from achieving its intended effect ?

After graduation from college, most maths and science graduates opt for jobs in industry rather than in teaching.Many high schools have been forced to lower their standards in hiring maths and science teachers.More scholarship money is already available for students of maths and science thank is available for those in any other field.Population statistics show that the number of high school students is expected to decline over the next ten years.78Problem76Some scientists believe that, in certain species of birds, actual particles of metal within the brain react to the Earth's magnetic field in the same way as the needle in a compass. It is this mechanism that is thought to underlie the birds' amazing ability to navigate accurately over distances of thousands of miles by day and night during migration. To test this theory, researchers surgically removed the metal particles from the heads of some birds and then released them,alongwith a number of untreated birds, at the usual time and place of their annual winter migration.Which of the following results would most seriously weaken the theory being tested?

The untreated birds were confused by the erratic flight patterns of the surgically treated birds and failed to migrate successfully.The surgically treated birds were able to follow their usual flight patterns successfully by day, but not by night.The surgically treated birds we're able to migrate about as accurately as the untreated birds.The surgically treated birds were able to migrate successfully only when closely following a group of untreated birds.79Directions (Questions 77 - 80) : Raj gives a party at his place and four of his friends Sanjay. Arun, Mahesh and Sahil come with their spouses Swati, Deepika and Neelam not necessarily in the same order. Raj's wife Simran is wearing a green saree and the other four ladies are wearing a green saree and the other four ladies arc wearing sarecs of four different colours - black, blue, red and orange. Each man dances with a lady who is not his own wife. Also.

Sanjay does not dance with Swati or Shruti.Shruti is wearing a red saree.Deepika is Arun's wife.Sahil dances with Neelam.Mahesh dances with Simran and his wife Swati is wearing an orange saree.80Problem77Who is Shail's wife?

SwatiDeepikaShrutiCannot be determined81Problem78What is the colour of the saree that Arun's wife is wearing?

BlueBlackRed1 or 282Problem79Who dances with Shruti?

RajSanjayArun or RajArun or Sanjay83Problem80If Arun dances with Swati, which of the following is a correct combination of husband-wife and the female dance partner?

Raj-Simran- NeelamMahesh-Swati- SimranSahil-Neelam- ShrutiSanjay-Shruti- Neelam84Problem81India has collaborated with which country to produce the supersonic cruise missile Brahmos?

USAIsraelFranceRussia85Problem82The global watch brand Citizen is endorsed in India by which personality?

Rahul Dravid Yuvraj SinghSushmita SenSachin Tendulkar86Problem83Which of the following is the world's largest travel company?

LandmarkWhite MischiefKuoni TravelThomas Cook87Problem84The punch line 'The Power of Knowledge* is associated with which newspaper?

Hindustan TimesThe Economic TimesThe Times of IndiaThe financial Express88Problem85Which company is India's largest transporter and marketer of petroleum gas?

GAILONGCHPCLReliance89Problem86The government has approved the merger of Air India and

Jet Airways IndianPawan Hans Air Deccan90Problem87Which countries arc separated by the McMahon line ?

India and BangladeshIndia and PakistanChina and TibetIndia and China91Problem88IAEA stands for

Indian Atomic Energy AgencyInternational Atomic Energy AssociationInternational Atomic Energy AgencyNone of these92Problem89Fortis Health has entered into an agreement with which real estate company for floating a joint venture to set up hospitals across the country?

UnitechOmaxeDLFNone of these93Problem90Which oil company is involved in Greenfield refinery at Bhatinda ?

HPCLIndian OilBPCLIBP94Problem91The proposed 'Micro-Finance Bill' is concerned with

Regional Rural BanksCo-operative BanksNABARDAll of these95Problem92For attaining 9% growth rate during the ll,h Plan, investment level has been estimated to be

20% of GDP 30% of .GDP25% of GDP35% of GDP96Problem93Bilateral trade between India and Europe is expected to touch a level of $ billion by, 2010.

507510011097Problem94Which of the following is not a trade association?

CI1FICCIASSOCHAMICWAI98Problem95Transparency International India (TII) is a

Government Autonomous BodyNon-Governmental OrganizationPublic-Private PartnershipWork Bank Unit99Problem96The Union Commerce Minister is

P. Chidambaram Kamal Nath Arjun Singh None of these100Problem97International Finance Corporation is the private sector lending arm of

Asian Development BankWorld BankICICIIDBI101Problem98CM I) of Biocon is

Keshab MahindraSarthak BehuriaKiran Mazumdar-ShawNone of these102Problem99VAIO Notebook is a product of

SonyCompaq IntelDell103Problem100The total received from Indian software export during 2006 - 07 has been about:

$10 billion S20 billion530 billion $40 billion104Directions (Questions 101-103):Study the following bar and pie charts giving details of Foreign and Domestic Sales of M/s Techniques Limited for the period 2001-2005 to answer these questions.

105

106Problem101What was the total Rupee value of foreign sales of M/s Technics Limited in 2001 and 2002?

Rs. 10,00,000Rs .20,00,000Rs.30,00,000Rs.50,00,000107Problem102In 2004, foreign sales accounted for what percent of total sales by M/s Technics Limited?

15%20%25%33.3%108Problem103If sales to the USA in 2003 accounted for the same percent of foreign sales as Japan in 2005, W hat was the Rupee value of sales by M/s. Technics Limited to USA in 2003?

40%25%20%12%109Directions (Questions 104-107): Study the following bar graph and line graph giving details of Number of Workers Employed' and 'Number of Units shipped' respectively of M/s Mega Corp Limited to answer these questions. M/s. Mega Crop Limited: Number of workers Employed and Units shipped.

110Problem104By what percent did the number of temporary workers Employed M/s. Mega Crop Limited increase from April 1 to may 1?

1.40% 2.25%3.20%4.12%111Problem105 What was the difference, if any, between the number of permanent workers employed by M/s Mega Corp Limited on March 1 and the number of permanent workers employed on April I?

050100150112Problem106What was the total number of units shipped by M/s Mega Corp. Limited for the months of January, February and March (approximately)

40,00055,00060,00070,000113Problem107If on May 1, 60% of the permanent workers and 40% of -the temporary workers employed by M/s Mega Corp Limited were women, how many of the workers employed by M/s Mega Corp Limited at that time were women?

200120 410260114Directions (Questions 108-111):Study the table below to answer these questions.Unit Sales of Television Sets (TVs) of Various Companies.SizeCompanyColourBlack &White

Total14"LG101222Onida201535Sony62026Videocon851317"LG61016Onida101525Sony202545Videocon20153511521"Onida201030Sony151025Videocon151025LG20153529"LG201535Onida12618Sony152035Videocon81220116Problem108Which company's TVs are sold the most? LG OnidaSonyVideocon117Problem109What percentage of black & White TVs sold arc from Videocon?

24%29%14%19%118Problem110What percentage of 21" TV sets sold is of LG?

26%23%30%20%119Problem111What is the sale price of a 21" colour TV set from Sony Company if each colour TV set is Rs.2,000 cheaper than the next higher size and the total earning from the sale of Sony colour TV sets is Rs. 7.5 lakh?

Rs. 10,0001Rs. 12,000Rs. 14,000Rs. 16,000120Directions (Questions 112-116):Each of the questions below consists of a questions and two statements numbered 1 and II. Decide whether the date provided in the statements is sufficient to answer the question. Mark answer as:

if the data in statement 1 alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement II alone is not sufficient to answer the question.if the data in statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement I alone is not sufficient to answer the question.if the date either in statement I alone or in statement II alone is sufficient to answer to question.if the date in both statement I and II together is not sufficient to answer the question.121Problem112How many items did the distributor purchase?

I. The distributor purchased all the items for Rs.4,500.II. If the distributor had given Rs.5 more for each item he would have purchased 10 items less.122Problem113How long will it take to fill a tank?

One pipe can fill the tank completely in 3 hours.Second pipe can empty that tank in 2 hours.123Problem114What will be the area of a plot in sq. meters?

The length of that plot is I times the breadth of that plot.The diagonal of that plot is 30 meters.124Problem115What will be the cost of painting of the inner wall of a room if the rate of painting is Rs.20 per sq.m?

I. Perimeter of the floor is 44 feet.II. Height of the wall of the room is 12 feet. 125Problem116What will be the compound interest after 3 years?

First number is 60 per cent "of the other number.50 per cent of the sum of the first and second' numbers is 24.126Directions (Questions 117-121):These questions consist of two quantities. One in Column A and one in Column B. Compare the two quantities. Mark your answer as:

If the quantity in Column A is greaterIf the quantity in Column B is greaterIf the two quantities are equalif the relationship cannot be determined from the information given127Problem117Column A Column B

32 23128Problem118Column A Column B

(3)2

129Problem119Column A Column B

1/3 of 8 of 4

130Problem120Column A Column B

131Problem121Column A Column B

The average of 75% 049,3/4 and 0.8 4132Directions (Questions 122-125) : Study the table below and answer the following questions. The table shows the results of a survey conducted in a city regarding their preferences for watching Hockey and football.Age Group (Years)Hockey Male FemaleFootball Male FemaleBothMale FemaleTotal Sample Surveyed Male Female16-2540303020101510012026-35160120180100806526016036-45504040503020200430133Problem122How many of the people surveyed preferred only one of the sports?

410450430420134Problem123What percentage of people sun eyed in the age group of 26-35 years do not prefer any of the sports?

1.2%98.8%55%45%135Problem124What is the highest percentage of people surveyed of any age group preferring both the games?16.5%34.5%65.5%83.5%136Problem125What is the ratio of the people in the age group 16-25,26-35,and 36-45 years that prefer at least one sport?

19:26:8319:83:2626:19:8383:26:19137Problem125What is the ratio of the people in the age group 16-25,26-35,and 36-45 years that prefer at least one sport?

19:26:8319:83:2626:19:8383:26:19138Problem126What is the overall capacity utilization for all products taken together for the year 2001?

71%60 %54 %49 %139Problem127What is the approximate overall growth rate of total capacity for the period shown?

20%15%10%5%140Problem128In which of the following years was the production of Motor Cycles the maximum?

2002200320042005141Problem129What is the average production of Scooters- over the period shown?

21600268002320019400142Directions (Questions 130-133):Study the table below to answer these questions.Status of Electricity Generated purchased by a State (Power in MWh) Period

XYZ2000-011792125030422001-021862154034022002-031238210233402003-041427266840952004-052975280357782005-062692387265642006-07268841616849143Problem130During which year did the total power available show the greatest increase compared to the previous year?

2004-052003-042001-022005-06144Problem131During which year did the total power available show the greatest increase compared to the previous year?

2004-052003-042001-022005-06145Problem132Taking 2002-03 as the base year, the increase in total power available in percentage points between 2005-06 to 2006- 07 is about

205.068.53196.53115.43146Problem133The difference between electricity locally gencraratcd and that purchased from grid as a percentage of the total power available was the least in the year2002-032005-062003-042004-05147Directions (Questions 134-137):Study the following bar graph giving Economic indices for the period 1961-62 to 2001-02 to answer these questions.

148Problem134What are the respective indices of literacy, price and per capita income for 2001-02 taking 1971-72 as the base period?

124.1,313.8,200313.8, 124,201313.8, 124.1,190124.1,313.8,194149Problem135What is the average annual percentage increase in literacy index from 1961-62 to 2001-02?

2.5%15.8%18.3%4.9%150Problem136Of the three economic indices which index for which period shows the maximum percentage increase as compared to the previous period?

Literacy, 1971-72Price,2001 -02Per capita income, 1981-82Price, J 971-72151Problem137In which period did the per capital income index increase at a faster rate than the price index as compared to the preceding period?

1971-722001-021981-821991-92152Problem137Directions for questions 138 to 140: Study the following graph and answer the questions based on them.

153Directions for questions 138 to 140:Study the following graph and answer the questions based on them. The above bar graph indicates the percentage of people why own durables or have access to services in state Z.

The table shows the percentage of people in five districts- of state Z using durables/services. Except for people using TV who also use Electricity, there are no other people who use more than one service/durable.DistrictTVTelephoneLPGElectricityA36113547B3572136C2952038D2961834E2772340154Problem138If district A comprise 23% of the total population of state Z, then what percent of people using LPG in state Z are from district A?

57%62%65%70%155Problem139If the population of district D is 20% of Z, then what is the ratio of people from D not using any of the given facilities to the people using electricity but not TV from A? (use data from previous question if required)

3.3: 14.8: 11.8: 15.9: 1156Problem140If the population of state is 25 lakh , and the population of district B is 80% of the combined population of districts A and D, then how many people from district B are not using any of the given facilities? (Use data from the previous question if required)

1 lakh7 lakh3 lakh3.5lakh157Problem141The argument for liberalization which answers the worries of the Left parties about the possible trade deficits created by the opening up of the Indian economy goes thus 'In today's economic scenario, where there are many trading countries, the trade between two specific countries need not be balanced. The differing demands of goods and services and the differing productive capabilities of the same among different countries will cause a country like India to have trade deficits with some countries and surpluses with other countries. On the whole, the trade deficits and surpluses will balance out in order to give a trade balance'.Which of the following conclusions best summarizes the argument presented in the passage above?

Left paddies need not worry about trade deficits in India since its trade will always be in balance even though it runs a deficit with a single country.India's trade deficits and surpluses .with other countries always balance out.The left parties in India should not be concerned about India's trade deficits with specific countries because they will balance out in the long run.None of these158Problem142Most citizens are very conscientious about, observing a law when they can see the reason behind it. For instance, there has been very little need to actively enforce the recently implemented law that increased the penalty for godmen duping people of their money by playing with their emotions. This is because citizens arc very conscientious about duping someone in the name of religion, as it leaves their religious gurus with a bad name.Which of the follow ing statements would the author of this passage be most likely to believe?The increased penalty alone is a significant motivation for most citizens to obey the law.There are still too many inconsiderate citizens in the society.God men should not be allowed to play with the emotions of the people.Society should make an effort to teach citizens the reasons for its laws.159Problem143Inflation can only be fundamentally caused by two factors-supply side factors and demand side factors. These factors are either reductions in the supply of goods and services or increases in demand due to either the increased availability of money or the reallocation of demand. Unless other compensating changes also occur, inflation is hound to result if either of this occurs. In economies prior to the introduction of banks (a pre-banking economy) the quantity of money available, and hence, the level of demand, was equivalent to the quantity of gold available.If the statements above are true, then it is also true that in a pre-banking economy any inflation would be the result of reductions in the supply of goods and services.if other factors in the economy are unchanged, increasing the quantity of gold available would lead to inflation.if there is a reduction in the quantity of gold available, then, other things being equal, inflation would result.whatever changes in demand occur, there would be compensating changes in the supply of goods and services.

160Problem144Most large retail stores of all goods and brands hold discount sales in the month of November. The original idea of price reduction campaigns in November became popular when it was realized that the sales of products would generally slow down following the Diwali rush, were it not for some incentive. The lack of demand could be solved by the simple solution of reducing prices. There is now an increasing tendency among major chains of stores across the country to have their "November sales" begin before Diwali. The idea behind this trend is to endeavour to sell the maximum amount of stock at a profit, even if that may not be at the maximum profit.Which of the following conclusions cannot be drawn from the above?

The incidence of "early November sales results in lower holdings of stocks with the corollary of lower stock holding costs.Demand is a function of price; as you lower price; demand increases.Major stores seem to think it makes sense to have the November sales campaigns pre- Diwali.The major department stores do not worry as much about profit maximization as they do about sales maximization.161Directions (Questions 145-148) :Each of these questions has a sentence with an underlined part. Choose the best option to replace the underlined part.162Problem145Reared in a village where computers and the internet were objects of curiosity, Murty today hardly gives a thought to the immense possibilities that the internet revolution has thrown open to him.

Reared in a village where computers and the internet were objects of curiosity.Curious to know that computers and the internet were objects of curiosity in the village he was reared up.Being reared in the village where the computers and the internet are objects of curiosity.Reared in a village where computers and the internet were an object of curiousness163Problem146Armed with the talents of a high intellect, an actor with extraordinary gifts and an ingenious criminal, Charles Sobhraj played an overbearing role in the sensationalisatiun of crime during the later part of the 20th century in the Indian sub-continent.

an actor with extraordinary gifts and an ingenious criminal .an ingenious actor and extraordinarily gifted criminala gifted actor and an ingeniously criminal.an extraordinarily gifted actor and an ingenious criminal.164Problem147In the fall of 1996, the Indian government dispatched samples of the cells of the militants to those four US scientists, who were only the Americans authorized to test them.

dispatched samples of the cells of the militants to those four US scientists, who were only the Americans authorized to test them.dispatched samples of the militant's cells to those four US scientists, the only Americans authorized to test them.dispatched samples of the cells of militants to those four US scientists who were authorized to test them.Dispatch the samples of the cells of the militants to those four US scientists, who were the only Americans authorized to test them.165Problem148To prepare himself, he subjected himself to two weeks of total abstinence and intensive training in the open fields of Panipat, climbing the hills nearby 30 times, spend nights in the open and to test to see how long he could hold out without food.

climbing the hills nearby 30 times, spend nights in the open and to test to seeclimbed the hills nearby 30 times, spending nights in the open and tested to secspending nights in the open by climbing the hills nearby 30 times and tested for seeingClimbing the hills nearby 30 times, spending nights in the open and testing to see.166Directions (Questions 149 -152) : Choose the order of the sentences marked A, B, C, D en id E to form a logical paragraph.167Directions (Questions 149 -152) :Choose the order of the sentences marked A, B, C, D en id E to form a logical paragraph.168Problem149The Naga groups, assuming they are serious about negotiations, should make a realistic reassessment of how far the Indian state can go to meet their demands.The government on its part should show both sincerity and flexibility in crafting a solution that will assure the Naga people a life of peace, dignity, and self-respect recognizing the uniqueness of Naga history.The government should also do everything possible to remove the suspicion that it has been encouraging certain Naga groups.No solution can be found through bloodshed.Growing internecine violence among them is a worry.

ACBDEABDECDCBEA ABCED 169Problem150A The latest decline draws attention to a fairly well known fact that stock exchanges in India take their cues as much from developments overseas as from domestic ones.While such reaction is an inevitable consequence of globalization, it is the magnitude of the reaction that has come as a surprise.The stock indices the world over tumbled on the back of some pessimistic news from the United States credit market, especially its home loan segment.Fears over the failure of risky sub-prime mortgages seem to have spilled over to other closely watched sectors of the economy such as sales of new homes and consumer durables.Last week the Dow recorded its highest fall since February, dragging the European bourses down.

ADEBCABCDEBEDCAAEDCB170Problem151Moreover, it was felt that leaders elected by-( I ) BCADE villagers themselves would find it easier to (3) DCBAE implement central government policies regarding taxes and family planning.Since 1998, elections to village councils, which, comprise between three and seven members, have been institutionalized and arc now carried out every three years.The council's main responsibilities lie in deciding the allocation and use of communal land, the running of village enterprises, and the implementation of family planning directives.Councils can also decide local matters like village subscription to newspapers, the renovation of a school building, or the installation of cable television.Following the collapse of the village commune system after the economic liberalization initiated in 1978, certain leaders within the Communist Party began pushing for village self-governance as a means to counter political apathy and violent rebellion by , creating mechanisms of participation and conflict resolution.

DCBEA CABDEEABGOBACDE171Problem152The U.S. market will continue to be the dominant one in the foreseeable future. The rupee could become even stronger.A greater recourse to hedging as well as striving for multi-currency revenue streams automatically suggests itself.Already one company, TCS, by resorting to these methods extensively has turned in an above average performance during the first quarter.Most IT companies have been grappling with more mundane problems such, as a high level of attiring amidst rising wage costs and inability to secure the right type 158. and number of American visas.The BPO industry and mapy medium-sized software exporters are reportedly operating on thin margins.

BCADEABCDEDCBAEEDABC172Directions (Questions 153 -156) :Choose the pair of words which exhibits the same relationship between each other as the given capitalized pair of words :173Problem153WRITING: PLAGIARISM: :

confidence: deceptionmoney: misappropriationgold: theftgerm: disease174Problem154CONDENSATION: REFRIGERATE: :

evaporation: heatconsumption: cookoration: listenexhaustion: buy175Problem155BEWILDERMENT: CONFUSION: :

bursa: sackbewitched: alliterationfantod: nervousnesscoracle: lodestar176Problem156PREAMBLE: STATUTE: :

prologue: novelmovement: sympathysketch: drawingindex: book177Directions- (Questions 157-160): Fill in the blanks.178Directions (Questions 157-160):157Fill in the blanks.179Problem157I am not attracted by the _________ always wandering through the countryside, begging for charity.

proud, almsgivernoble, philanthropistaffluent, mendicantperipatetic, vagabond Her true feelings180Problem158Her true feeling _________themselves in her sarcastic asides; only then was her _________revealed

concealed, sweetnessmanifested, bitternesshid, sarcasmgrieved, charm181Problem159The sugar dissolved in water ________finally all that remained was an almost residue on the bottom of the glass.

quickly, lumpyimmediately, fragrantgradually, imperceptiblesubsequently, glassy182Problem160It is foolish to vent your spleen on ________ object; still, you makeenemies that way.

an inanimate, feweran immobile, bitteran interesting, curiousan insipid, dull183Read the following passages and answer the questions that follow each passage.Directions (Questions 161 -180) :aaa184PASSAGE IThe nature of financial integration of developing countries with developed countries has been radically transformed, over the last four years. Evidence collated by the World Bank's annual report for 2007 on global development finance reveal a number of features of the new scenario that have far-reaching implications. The first of these is an acceleration of financial flows to developing countries precisely during the years when as a group, they have seen rising surpluses on their current account. Total flows touched a record $571 billion in 2006, having risen by 19 per cent on top of an average growth of 40 per ccnt during the three previous years. Relative to the gross domestic product (GDP) of these countries, total flows, at 5.1 per cent, are at levels that they touched at the time of the East Asian financialcrisis in 1997. A second feature is the acceleration of the long-term tendency for private flows todominatc ovcrofficial (bilateral and multilateral)flows. Private debt equity inflows, which had risen by 50 per cent a year over the three years ending 2005 increased by another 17 per cent in 2006 to touch a record $647 billion. On the other hand net official lending has in fact, declined over the past two years. One factor accounting for this is the failure of the Group of Seven (0-7) countries to match promises of a substantial hike in aid disbursements beyond what the retirement of the debt of few heavily indebwd poor countries ensures. The other is that the more developed among dev eloping countries have chosen to make advance repayments of debt owed to official creditors, especially the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Overall, principal repayments to official creditors exceeded disbursements by $70 billion in 2005 and $75185billion in 2006. In the event, there has been 3 reverse flow of capital to the World Bank and the IMF which is threatening the viability and influence of these institutions especially the latter. However, the increase in private flows has more than matched the reverse flows to official creditors. The third feature is that the dominance of private flows has meant that both equity and debt flows to developing countries has risen rapidly with the surge being greater in the case of the former. Net private debt ant equity flows to developing countries has risen from a little less than $ 170 billion in 2002 to close to $647 billion in 2006,31 almost four fold increase over a four yea period. While net private equity flows which rose from S163 billion to $ 419 billion dominated the surge, net private debt flow too increased rapidly. Bond issues-rose from S10.4 billion to S 49.3 billion and borrowing from international banks increased from $2 billion to a huge $112.2 billion. What i more, net short- term debt, outflows of whit tend to trigger financial crises, has rise from around half a billion in 2002 to $72 billion in 2006. The fourth feature, which is a corollary of these developments, is that there is a high degree of concentration of flows to developing countries, implying excess exposure in a few countries. Ten countries (out of 135) accounted for 60 per cent of all borrowing during 2002 - 04 and that proportion has risen subsequently to touch three-fourths in 2006. In the portfolio equity market, flows to developing countries were directed at acquiring a share in equity either through the secondary market or by buying into initial public offers (IPOs). IPOs dominated in 2006 accounting for $53 billion of the S96 billion in flow. But, here186too, there were signs of concentration. Four of the 10 largest IPOs were "by Chinese companies, accounting for two-thirds of the total IPO value. Another three of those 10 were by developing countries were directed at acquiring a share in equity either through the secondary market or by buying into initial public offers (IPOs). IPOs dominated in 2006 accounting for $53 billion of the S96 billion in flow. But, here too, there were signs of concentration. Four of the 10 largest IPOs were "by Chinese companies, accounting for two-thirds of the total IPO value. Another three of those 10 were by Russian companies, accounting for an additional 22 per cent of the IPO value. A fifth feature is that despite this rapid rise in developing country exposure, with that exposure being excessively concentrated in a few countries, the market is still overtly optimistic. Ratings upgrades dominate downgrades in the bond market. And bond market spreads are at unusual lows. This optimism indicates that risk assessments arepro-cyclical, underestimating risk when investments are booming, and overestimating risks when markets turn downwards. But, there are two consequences: the herding of investors in developing country markets and their willingness to invest in a larger volume of money in risky unrated instruments. Finally, the rapid rise in capital flows to developing countries at a time when many of them are recording large current account surpluses has substantially increased their foreign exchange reserves and triggered an outflow of capital This out flow takes three forms: (i) investment of reserves in safe and low return instruments such as United States Treasury Bills, (ii) financing of asset acquisition to support the growing presence of187leading developing country firms in global commodity markets; and (iii) financial investments in and lending to other developing countries, resulting in the South-South of capital. These trends together suggest that developingcountries are still largely restricted to the low return or high-risk segments of global capital flow. This is the cost they bear to meet the requirements of ensuring balance in the global balance of payments. These features of the current global financial scenario can be interpreted in two ways. One is in the direction taken by the World Bank,admits, on the one hand, that the probability of a turn in the credit cycle has risen and that a "Key challenge facing developing countries is to manage the transition by. taking pre-emptive measures aimed at lessening the risk of a sharp unexpected reversal in capital flows. On the other, it down plays the dangers involved by arguing that the surge in capital flows "speaks well for the resilience of developing economies and for the ability of international financial market to manage risks". An alternative view would be that many emerging market economies that attract a disproportionate share of these capital flows are fast approaching asituation where they are vulnerable to financial crises with the current scenario incorporating features that could make these crises more intense. What is more, it appears that prudential norms, risk management techniques and disclosure requirements that have been put in place as part of the so-called "new international financial architecture" seem inadequate to foreclose a build-up of this kind. This is .not surprising since garnering large and quick profits rather than minimising risks seems to be the dominant requirement of financial188institutions from the developed countries. The current situation 'is the inevitable result of expanding the spacc for financial capital through dilution or elimination of regulation. Financial liberalisation has ensured that since the' late 1970s, the newly discovered "emerging markets" among developing countries have been the new frontier for profiteering by global financial institutions. Awash with the liquidity derived from the surpluses earned by oilexporters and the saving accumulated by the generation of baby-boomers in the West, banks, investment funds and pension funds were looking to new avenues for lucrative investments. The role of financial intermediaries was one of dressing up developing countries that were hitherto"untouchables" as lucrative destinations for financial capital. And financial innovation consisted in not just identifying instruments that could carry such investments but derivatives that could help hedge against the risk associated with rushing into uncharted territory. The process began when developing countries were still reeling under the effects of declining non-fuel commodity prices and rising qiI prices which had left gaping holes in the current account of their balance of payments. The new found interest of global finance offered developing country governments an opportunity to finance that gap, even if it meant offering high returns to foreign financial investors. It was this conflation of interests of developing country governments and financial institutions from the developed countries that led up to the debt crisis of the 1980s and the financial crisis of the 1990s, including those that began with the East Asian crisis in 1997. One consequence of the 1997 crisis was a189sharp decline in lending to developing countries. But this did not mean a decline in capital flows. Rather, encouraged by the post- crisis deflation in asset prices in emerging markets and the sharp devaluation of their currencies, foreign direct investment kept flowing into developing countries to acquire assets at rock bottom prices when measured in hard currencies. While net debt flows to developing countries declined from $53*1 billion in 1998 to just S 1.2 billion in 2000, net FD1 flows remained more or less stable at around $170 billion a year. Since 2002 when growth accelerated or remained high in China and India and commodity prices rose sharply in the case of oil and metals and moderately in the case of agriculture, this lull in capital flows has given way to a surge. Besides the features noted above, three kinds of developments have accompanied this surge. First, the growing importance of unregulated hedge funds looking for abnormal returns in portfolio equity markets which renders activity in those markets highly speculative and opaque. Second, the rapid increase investments by "private equity" firms investing largely in unlisted equity - in corporations in developing countries. The size of each of these investments is such that they identified as foreign "direct" investments even190Problem161 According to the passage, which one of the following statement(s) is/are true?

The current situation is the inevitable result of expanding the space for financial capital through dilution or,, elimination of regulation.The role of financial intermediaries was one of dressing up developing countries that were hitherto untouchables as lucrative destinations for financial capital.The new found interest of global finance offered developing country governments an opportunity to finance that gap, even if it meant offering high returns to foreign financial investors.All of these191Problem162Total financial flows to developing countries reached a record $571 billion in having risen by nineteen percent on top of an average growth of during the previous three years.

2005, 50% 2006, 40% 2004, 22% 2002,69%192Problem163The rapid rise in capital flows to developing countries has substantially increased their foreign exchange reserves and triggered an outflow of capital in this form of

financial investments in and lending to other developing countries.financing of asset acquisition to support the growing presence of leading developing country firms in global commodity markets.investment of reserves in safe and low return instruments such as United States. Treasury Bills.All of these193Problem164Ten developing countries out of one hundred and thirty five accounted for sixty percent of all borrowing during 2002 - 2004 and that proportion has risen subsequently to touch in 2006.

sixty per centfifty per centseventy five per centforty percent194PASSAGE IIThe lithosphere, or outer shell, of the earth is made up of about a dozen rigid plates than move with respect to one another. New lithosphere is created at mid-ocean ridge by the upwelling and cooling of magma from the earth's interior. Sirocco new lithosphere is continuously being created and the earth is not expanding to any appreciable extent, the question arises: What happens to the "old" lithosphere? The answer came in the late 1960s as the last major link in the theory of sea-floor spreading and plate tectonics that has revolutionized our understanding of tectonic processes, or structural deformations, in the earth and has provided a unifying theme for many diverse observations of the earth sciences. The old lithosphere is subducted, or pushed down, into the earth's mantle (the thick shell of red-hot rock beneath the earth's thin, cooler crust and above its metallic, partly melted core. As the formerly rigid plate descends, it slowly heats up, and over a period of millions of years it is absorbed into the general circulation- of the earth's mantle. The subduction of the' lithosphere is perhaps the most significant phenomenon in global tectonics. Subduction not only explains what happens to old lithosphere but also accounts for many of the geologic processes that shape the earth's surface. Most of the world's volcanoes and earthquakes are associated with descending lithospheric plates. The prominent island arcs - chains of islands such as the Aleutians, the Kurilcs, the Marianas, and the islands of Japan - are surface expressions of the subquction proccss. The deepest trenches of the world's oceans, including the Java and Tonga trenches and all others associated with island arcs, mark the seaward boundary of subduction195zones. Major mountain belts, such as the Andes and the Himalayas, have resulted from the convergence and subduction of lithospheric plates. To understand the subduction process it is necessary to look at the thermal regime of the earth. The temperatures within the earth at first increase rapidly with depth, reaching about 1,200 degrees Celsius at a depth of 100 kilometers. Then they increase more gradually, approaching 2,000 degrees C at about 500 kilometers- The minerals in pcridotite, the major constituent of the upper mantle, start to melt at about 1,200 degrees C or typically at a depth of 100 kilometers. Under the oceans the upper mantle is fairly soft and may contain some molten material at depths as shallow as 80 kilometers. The soft region of the mantle, over which the rigid atmospheric plate normally moves, is the asthenosphcre. t appears that in certain areas convection currents in the .isthenosphere' may drive the plates, and that in other regions the plate motions may drive the convection currents. Several factors contribute to the heating of 1168 the lithosphere as it descends into the mantle. First, heat simply flows into the coolcr lithosphere from the. surrounding warmer mantle. Since the conductivity of the rock increases with temperature the conductive heating becomes more efficient with increasing depth. Second as the lithosphere slab descends it is subjected to increasing pressure, which introduces heat of compression. Third, the slab is ncated by the radioactive decay of uranium, thorium and potassium, which arc preset in the earth's crust and add heat at a constant rate to the descending material. Fourth, heat is provided by the energy released when the minerals in the lithosphere change to196denser phases, or more compact crystal structures, as they arc subjected to higher pressures during distant. Finally, heat is generated by friction, shear stresses and the dissipation of viscous motions at the boundaries between the moving lithosp.ieric plate and the surrounding mantle. Among all thesj sourccs the first and fourth contribute the most toward the heating of the descending lithosphere.197Problem165Each of the following geological phenomena is mentioned in the passage as being relevant to the seduction of the lithosphere except

principal archipelagoessignificant rifts in the sea bottomdeserts in process of formationprominent mountain ranges198Problem166The style of the passage can best be described as:

OratoricalArgumentativeExpositoryMeditative199Problem167The author is most probably addressing which of the following audiences?

Geothermal researchers investigating the asthenosphcre as a potential energy source.Historians of science studying the origins of plate tectonic theory.College undergraduates enrolled in an introductory course on geology.Graduate students engaged in analyzing the rate of sea-floor spreading.200Problem168Which of the following is not true of the heating of the lithosphere as it is described in the passage?

The temperature gradient between the lithosphere and the surrounding mantle enables heat to be transferred from the latter to the former.Minerals in the lithospheric slab release heat in the course of phase changes that occur during their descent into the mantle.The more the temperature of the lithospheric slab increases, the more conductive the rock itself becomes.The further the lithospheric slab descends into the mantle, the faster the radioactive decay of elements within it adds to its heat.201Problem169What is the relationship between sensation and memory ?

All animals have sensation but some animals do not have memory.Human beings have sensation and memory both.Human beings are intelligent as they can reason, whereas animals do not have the capacity of reasoning.When sensation is remembered, it becomes a memory experience and this leads to connected experience, which in turn gives rise to reasoning.202Problem170What is the difference between art and experience?

Art explains the cause of things together with its effects, whereas experience gives us just the effect of things, not the cause.Experience and art give rise to one another and they arc complementary and supplementary to each other.Art docs, not give the cause and effect of things, whereas experience gives the cause and effect of things.Both experience and art are views of a contradictory time and space and this is where the difference between the two lies.203Problem171Why according to the author, were the mathematical arts founded in Egypt?

Because they were men of experience and had wisdom and knowledge about certain principles and causes.Because the inventors of luxuries were considered more important than the inventors of necessities and in Egypt, the kingly and priestly class had developed great standards in luxurious tastes and attitudes.Because the sciences which do not cater to necessities or pleasures develop only after the previous two have been invented and only then, men have time for themselves. So was the ease in Egypt where the priestly caste had ample leisure time.Because Egyptians were considered to be connoisseurs of art and crafts and had superior civilization as opposed to the other ancient civilizations.204Problem172Which of the following can be the central idea of the passage ?

"Experience made art, but inexperience luck".What actually is "Wisdom" Art is superior to experience.Knowledge is wisdom.205PASSAGE IIIMy last growth point offers a chance to bring together the perspectives of Darwin, Marx and Freud. It leads us to the question at the foundations of the human sciences: what is basic, how amenable to change is human nature and how can we bring about more humane human relations? As I see it, all these matters come together in the problematic Marxist notion of 'second nature'. First, nature is the biologically given domain whose boundaries have themselves never been clearly drawn and are now quite open as a result of the phenomena of pharmacology, biofeedback (in traditional and modem forms) and genetic engineering (an area in which the future is open in both positive and alarming senses). But without pushing those boundaries between the voluntary and involuntary nervous system and between mere inheritance and manipulated inheritance, we have a large scope for deep reflection and serious practice. Historians of the human sciences will know that belief in the extreme plasticity of human behaviour has been held by behaviourists, operant conditioning theorists and those thinking in the related tradition of Pavlovian conditioning. At the other extreme, behavioural geneticists and sociobiologists have held relative pessimistic views on the potential for change in human behaviour. Moreover,, the sociobiologists have made various takeover bids into ethics and the social sciences, although these seem under control for the present. There is a similar continue on the optimism/pessimism axis among psychoanalysts. Does psychoanalysis or psychoanalytical psychotherapy change the self or merely adapt it to the given of the inner and outer worlds? Second, nature is history206experienced as if it were unmodifiablc - as though it were not amenable to changc through practice and enlightenment. Belief in the ability to learn through practical experience is the sine qua non of an enlightened human science however onerous and slow (he process of change. Those of us in the East and West who reached for rapid change in the nineteen- sixties, have learned a lot about the pace that one can hope for. Neurosis is a perfect example of second nature. On a larger scale, so is racism: on a still larger scalc, so are capitalism and East European socialism. Beyond these in a degree of generality, lie hierarchy and patriarchy. An important desideratum for a human science is the study of the relative refractoriness to change of various aspects and levels of human nature. The writings I have found most helpful in understanding second nature are both Freudo-Marxist. They are the works of Herbert Marcuse and Russell Jacoby, although other members of the Frankfurt school, as well as the Lukacs of History and Class Consciousness, and various Hungarian philosophers, have also thought about it. Both Marcuse and Jacoby have written widely against various reductionism. Darwinian, vulgar Marxist alid biologist Freudian. They have also essayed against extremes of voluntarism and Dionysiac Freudian ism. Both have been concerned to pay due respect to the given in biology, economics, culture and therapy, while striving for a better psychic and social order. Both have de-emphasized traditional notions of class struggle as the key to social change and have focused more clearly on cultural and other political processes. Their perspectives are complemented by the writings of Gramsci on the subtle ways in which207consent is organized. In addition to his concept of hegemony, 1 have benefited from Raymond Williams* writings on cultural materialism. His critique of base-superstructure model of vulgar Marxism stresses -the complexity of mediation between culture on the one hand, and the production and reproduction of real life on the other. Indeed, he adds the crucial insight that culture is in the base a material, that is, spiritual need. Raymond Williams died between the delivery and the publication of this talk. His voice its substance and its tone - are central to my conception of humanity, and I wish to dedicate my remarks to his memory. This brings us back to basics. Look now, Darwin, Marx and Freud are mutually constitutive, Darwin brings historicity to the heart of the sciences, linking life to the earth and our humanity to both. Teleological and anthropomorphic concept lie at the basis of his concept of natural selection. Marx teaches us the historicity of all including scientific concepts, and points out that there is only one science, the science of history. Freud teaches us that all of history and culture continue to be mediated by basic human drives and that no matter how high we reach into abstractions, our thought remains rooted- in primitive psychic mechanism. It would seem, then, that our conception of human science must always draw on these three dimensions of what Marx calls our specics being. The historical, conceptual and practical tasks that follow from this will surely occupy all of us at least to the retiring age. We have in these three thinkers - at first glance - biology, economics and the psyche, but looked at more closely, each -takes us to history and historicity, to culture and its roots and to the question of the nature208and extent of what is distinctly human - the limits, the realities, the visions, aspirations and achievements now and in the future. As I read them, each offers us a conception of the disciplined study of humanity which always retains a notion of human values in action as the central guiding conception. None will do alone while the task of integrating them in historical studies and in theory has hardly begun. Their writings span the century between about. 1840 and 1940. Darwin (1809 - 82) and Marx (1818 - 83) were -how easily we forget this - near contemporaries and published their main works almost simultaneously. They died within a year of each other, just over a hundred years ago. Freud was a toddler of three years when The Origin of Species and An Introduction to Political Economy appeared in 1859. The problematic of his life's work makes little sense without seeing both Darwin and Marx as providing the framework of ideas and aspirations about nature and human nature, which he addresses. All three are very much alive today - vivid - providing us with the terms of reference for both a realistic and a cautiously helpful view of our humanity.209Problem173Which of the following is most helpful in understanding second nature?

Freud and MarxHerbert Marcuse and Russel JacobyMembers of Frankfurt SchoolBoth (2) and (3)210Problem174Which of the following is true according to the passage?

Marcuse and Jacoby rejected the role of class struggle as the key to social-change and have laid emphasis on cultural and political processes.Marcuse and Jocob recognized the role of class struggle as the key to social-change.Marcuse and Jacoby saw the cultural and political processes as the only key to social- change.Marcuse and Jacoby recognized a lesser role of class-struggle as the key to social-change than that of the cultural and political processes.211Problem175According to the passage, all of the following are not true except

Freud docs not see any meeting point between history and culture.Darwin rejects the centrality of life.Freud, Marx and Darwin are not in contradiction among themselves, but they do project different perspectives.Darwin and Marx are "unanimous on the role and place of history in linking life to the earth and our humanity to both.212Problem176Darwin, Marx and Freud all provide us the most important conception of

historicityhumanityhistoryhuman sciences213PASSAGE IVIt goes without saying that Asia matters to the European Union: Europe has a major stake in a stable and prosperous Asia. Our political, security, and economic interests are more intertwined than ever. But our relationship goes far beyond the economic and trade realm: the European Union and Asian .partners contribute actively together to resolving different regional and global problems. We also share' an important vision in which a system of global governance, with regional structures as its cornerstones; effectively addresses trans-national problems. It is with this vision that I am once again returning to Asia in early August for the ministerial meeting of the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) and bilateral consultations with our ASEAN partners. The progress we have made together over the past year is impressive, perhaps even the most important in our 30 years of formatics. And, the EU's early accession to the ASEAN Treaty of Amity and Cooperation can only bring us closer still, with positive implications for the political and security interests of both groups of countries. We have also agreed to strengthen our political: exchanges further and to promote particular cooperation in many areas of mutua interest. One such area, where we work well together and are set to become closer-still, is crisis management. We are, for example, open to sharing more information boosting technical cooperation a strengthening capacity-building in this field It was crucial for the EU-Ied Aceh Monitoring Mission (AMM), which: supervised the peace agreement between Indonesia and Aceh rebels from the summer of 2005 to the end of 2006, that ASEA partners participated in it. This not ion: helped ensure the success of the mission but also led to214the creation 'of real ties between the two regional organizations. As a result our joint efforts and, of course, he achievements of the Indonesian government Aceh was stabilized and is now developing steadily after 30 years of conflict and :he devastation wrought by the 2004 tsun Its development, which included elections held last year, was so positive that the Aceh Monitoring Mission was ab complete its work and leave the price. But the European Union has not left Ad-On the contrary, we are continual L Eo active support to the reconstruction the Indonesian authorities and the administration in Aceh with substantial and visible development:: programme. Just six weeks ago the deployed another mission on Asian police training mission in Afghanistan is also open to Asian partner countries mission seeks to help establish sustainable and effective civilian policing arrangements under Afghan ownership and in accordance with international standards. The fact the mission is to run for at least three year underlines the EU's increased and long-te- commitment to security and stability in Asia. We could also envisage cooperating more closely with our Asian partners in future crisis management operations on other continents. We are following with great interest the historic decisions by ASEAN to further develop the South East Asian community and its work on the ASEAN Charter, which includes the development of an appropriate institutional framework. For obvious reasons, the EU appreciates-the ambitious integration project of another" region. It has also lent practical support. I myself have met both the Eminent Persons Group and the High-Level Taskforce of Charter drafters and was very impressed by their vision and215commitment and the pertinent questions they asked about the EU's integration process. I wish the region every success in finalizing the new Charter and I give it every encouragement .to pursue an ambitious, result. In our Europeap experience,. far-reaching political and economic integration has not only overcome divisions between former enemies and ensured stability and prosperity in Ivurope but it has also provide to be the best solution in tackling regional and global problems that do not stop at national borders. 1 he ARF, which we value greatly as the only political and security dialogue forum in the Asia-Pacific region, is increasingly recognizing the need to find collective solutions to trans-boundary security issues, in particular when it comes to new challenges. Once a year, the ARF meets in a unique forum that brings together the Foreign Ministers of Asian and Pacific countries and their key partners for dialogue on a wide range of issues with a bearing on Asian security. In addition to this fruitful exchange, the forum is also achieving concrete outcomes at the various seminars and workshops which have made it more result-oriented than in the past. The European Union, which attends and contributes to the ARF as a long-standing I I I dialogue partner of the region, is looking forward to the creation of a mechanism that enables the ARF to be active between meetings. This will be a very important and welcome step towards the- construction of a regional architecture for Asia. Asia matters to Europe, and it also goes without saying that the European Union matters to Asia. Together, the EU and ASEAN represent two regions, 37 countries, and more than one billion people. In Europe, Asia has a partner in its search for216solutions to global problems such as climate change, energy security or organized crime. It has a partner in the economic and trade realm and it has a partner in development issues. Only together can we meet the challenges of the future.217Problem177According to the author, one of the vital mutual interest areas where ASEAN and EIJ Can work together is

peace agreement between Indonesia and Aceh rebels.crisis management.civilian policing arrangements.Trans-national problems.218Problem178Deployment of a police training mission in Afghanistan by EU aims at

Long-term commitment to security and stability in Asia.minimizing terrorism in Asia.drafting of ASEAN Charter.maintaining law and order in Afghanistan.219Problem179is the only political and security dialogue forum in the Asia-Pacific region.

Eminent Persons GroupASEANARFNone of these220Problem180The annual ARF meet is attended by foreign ministers of

Asian countriesEU countriesPacific countriesAsian and Pacific countries221Directions (Questions 181-184) :Each of these has a statement followed by two conclusions. Mark answer as:

if only conclusion I followsif only conclusion II followsif either I or II followsif neither I nor II follows222Problem181Statement:Good voice is a natural gift but one has to keep practicing to improve and excel well in the field of music.Conclusions:

Natural gifts need nurturing and care.Even though your voice is not good, one can keep practicing.223Problem182Statement:Domestic demand has been increasing faster than the production in indigenous crude oil.

Conclusions:Crude oil must be imported.Domestic demand should be reduced.224Problem183Statement:Until our country achieves economic equality, political freedom and democracy would be meaningless.

Conclusions:I. Political freedom and democracy go hand in handII. Economic equality leads to real political freedom and democracy225Problem184Statement:Parents are prepared to pay any price for an elite education to their children

Conclusions:All parents these days arc very well offParents have an obsessive passion for a perfect development of their children through good schooling.226Directions (Questions 185-188):Each of these has a statement followed by two assumptions.Mark answer as:

if only assumption I is implicitif only assumption II is implicitif either I or II is implicitif neither 1 nor II is implicit227Problem185Statement:Unemployment allowance should be given to all unemployed Indian youth above 18 years of age

Assumptions:There arc unemployed youth in India who need monetary support.The government has sufficient funds to provide allowance to all unemployed youth.228Problem186Statement:All the employees are notified that the organization will provide transport facilities at half cost from the nearby railway station to the office except those who have been provided with travelling allowance.

Assumptions:Most of the employees will travel by the office transport.Those who are provided with travelling allowance will not read such notice.229Problem187Statement:Retired persons should not be appointed for executive posts in other organizations.

Assumptions:Retired persons may lack the zeal and commitment to carry out executive's work.Retired persons do not take interest in the work and welfare of the new organizations230Problem188StatementGovernment aided schools should have uniformity in charging various fees.

Assumptions:The Government's subsidy comes from the money collected by way of taxes from people.The Government while giving subsidy may have stipulated certain uniform conditions regarding fees.231Problem189Robin says, "If Jai gives me Rs.40, he will have half as much as Atul, but if Atul gives me Rs.40, then the three of us will all have the same amount". What is the total amount of money that Robin, Jai and Atul have between them?

Rs.240Rs.320Rs.360Rs.420232Problem190N ranks fifth in a class S is eighth from the last. If T is sixth alter N and just in the middle of N and S, have many students are there in the class?

23242526233Problem191Between two books ends in your study are displayed your five favourite pussle Books. If you decide to arrange five books in ever)' possible combination and moved just one books every minutes. How long would it take you?

1 hour2 hourhourhour234Direction (Questions 192-196): Choose the word which is nearly the same in meaning to the word in capital letters235Direction (Questions 192-196):Choose the word which is nearly the same in meaning to the word in capital letters236Problem192Embellishemboss design garnisharistocratic237Problem193ORRORTUNE

Expected Convenient Welcome INDELIBLEChance238Problem194INDELIBLE

UneatablePermanent delicateStrong239Problem195CHORE thiefrelief colourtask240Problem196COPIOUS

Vartidentical MerryPlentiful241Directions (197-200):Study the following information to answer there questions. A blacksmith, has five iron articles. A,B,C,D and E, each having a different weight.

A weight twice as much as BB weights four and a hall times as much as C.C weights hall as much as DD weights hall as much as EE weights less than a but more than C242Problem197Which of the following is the lightest in weight?ABCD243Problem198C is heavier than which of the following two articles?

D,BD,CA,CA,B244Problem199Which of the following articles is the heaviest in weight?

ABCD245Problem200Which of the following represent the descending order of weight of the Article?

A,B,E,C B,D,E,A,C E,C,D,A,B C,A,D,B,E246FOR SOLUTION VISIT WWW.VASISTA.NET/

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