2006 norman water brochure-2 - University of Cincinnati · The Norman Utilities Authority provides...
14
Transcript of 2006 norman water brochure-2 - University of Cincinnati · The Norman Utilities Authority provides...
How You Can Help Conserve Norman’s Water
Outdoor☛ Install rain gauges and freeze gauges on irrigation systems to prevent watering when it isnot necessary.☛ Watering the lawn and garden is more efficient in the early morning or at night when thesun won’t cause as much evaporation. Avoid sprinklers with fine mists; they increase evaporation.☛ Keep the grass two to three inches long to enhance root development with minimal watering.☛ Wash your car with soap and a bucket. Washing your car with a running hose uses morethan 100 gallons of water. Using a bucket and sponge cuts this figure by 90 percent.☛ Pay careful attention to sprinklers to keep water from getting on driveways, streets andsidewalks, where it is wasted. ☛ Use mulch in gardens to minimize weed growth, slow erosion and slow evaporative losses. ☛ Check for leaks in pipes, hoses, faucets, couplings and lawn sprinkler systems and repairthem immediately. Even a small drip can waste hundreds of gallons of water a day.
Indoor☛ Install low-flow showerheads. They are easy to install and save water and energy.☛ Install low-flush toilets or install a toilet tank displacement insert or dam to reduce the vol-ume of water in the tank and the amount used per flush. A plastic jug filled with water andplaced in the tank is an effective displacement device.☛ Check for leaks inside toilets, which can waste up to 200 gallons of water a day. Toilet leakscan be detected by adding a few drops of food coloring to water in the tank. If the coloredwater appears in the bowl, the toilet is leaking.☛ Never use the toilet as a wastebasket.☛ Operate the dishwasher and washing machines only when completely full. ☛ Don’t let the faucet run needlessly when brushing your teeth or shaving.
Conserving Water Means:☛ Our water bills will be lower for our homes and businesses.☛ We will save energy at home and at the office.☛ The community will save because the city will have less water and sewage to treat.☛ We will have a positive impact on the environment of our community.
Water Conservation Kits Are Available for $6 EachEach kit contains an easy-to-install, high quality low-flow showerhead, low-flow kitchen andbathroom aerators, toilet tank bank, leak detection dye tablets, washers, Teflon tape and aninstruction card. These kits may be purchased at the City of Norman utilities billing window,201 West Gray, Building C.
Homes built after 1994 already have low-flow devices installed as part of their plumbing.Houses built prior to 1994 would benefit most from the water conservation kits, which areavailable on a first come, first served basis. Each Norman homeowner can purchase up to twokits. For more information, call Environmental Services at 292-9731.
Try to do one thing each day to save water. Every drop counts and every person can make adifference.
For More Information
The Norman Utilities Authority members are also the elected mayor and citycouncil members. Their meetings are held at the same time as city councilmeetings and are open to the public.
Meeting schedule: Second and fourth Tuesday of each month at City Hall,beginning at 6:30 p.m.
The City of Norman Web Site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.ci.norman.ok.us
Vernon Campbell Water Treatment Plant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chris MattinglySuperintendent of Water Treatment
Phone (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding city services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Action CenterPhone (405) 366-5396 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water quality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bryan HapkeSupervisor of Water Treatment
Phone: (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Geri Wellborn
Senior Laboratory TechnicianPhone: (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water projects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bryan Mitchell, P.E.Capital Projects Engineer
Phone (405) 366-5426 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water or sewer lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lloyd DavisLine Maintenance Superintendent
Phone (405) 329-0703 • E-mail: [email protected]
Utilities Department. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 366-5443
Customer service/billing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 366-5320
Water/sewer emergency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 329-0703 (Daytime)(405) 321-2182 (After hours)
Water Rate Driven Household Water Conservation
To Our Citizens
The water supply available to a community constitutes its mostimportant and valuable asset. Each and every citizen of Normanuses water daily, giving little thought about treatment and deliv-ery of this essential ingredient in our lives. The Norman UtilitiesAuthority provides water to more than 90,000 citizens inNorman, with all of our water originating from one of threesources: Lake Thunderbird, the Garber-Wellington Aquifer orOklahoma City. Each source provides quality water for our drink-ing, bathing, cooking and general consumption needs.
In the year 2005, Norman produced nearly 4.5 billion gallonsof water. Staff has worked diligently to ensure the delivery of safedrinking water to the citizens of Norman. Water that meets orexceeds the requirements set by the state of OklahomaDepartment of Environmental Quality and the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency is the continual goal of thestaff.
As your Mayor, I invite you to ask questions of your municipalstaff regarding any current or future water concerns. Interestingchallenges await us as we continue to experience greater waterdemands. It is your support that we must possess as we work toaddress Norman’s water supply challenges.
Mayor Harold HaralsonChairmanNorman Utilities Authority
Water Consumption Information
In 2005, Norman experienced a 79.7 percent increase in water usage between themonths of February and July. The majority of this difference is the result of lifestylechanges associated with seasonal usage, including landscape irrigation.
Peak day usage occurred on Aug. 3, 2005, when 22.521 million gallons of waterwas consumed, equal to 247 gallons per person. Minimum water usage occurred onFeb. 1, 2005, when 9.289 million gallons of water was consumed – 91 gallons perperson.
The peak month consumption pattern is believed to have been positively impact-ed by the inverted water rate structure approved recently by Norman voters. The fulleffect of this rate structure related to conservation will be better assessed after severalmore hot, dry summers in Norman. For now there appears to be a positive impact onthe conservation of water used for irrigation. Evidence of this trend is depicted in the1998 and 2005 comparison of water consumption by single family residential homesin Norman in the Water Rate Driven Household Water Conservation section of thisdocument.
During 2005, the Oklahoma City treated water supply line was used on 33 sepa-rate days. The total amount of water consumed through this line was 32.362 milliongallons. During 2005, approximately 91,300 citizens were served by Norman’s watersystem.
Ongoing Water Projects
Water Well and Waterline ProjectThe Norman Utilities Authority is currently drilling 11 test holes and complet-
ing five new water wells to help meet current water demand requirements. Thesewells are located in east Norman. Each of the five wells will be completed duringthe summer of 2006. New wells being constructed will help replace water supplieslost due to non-compliant arsenic levels.
The design of waterlines connecting the new wells to the Norman water systemis complete. Construction of waterlines to these new sites will begin in early Apriland continue through the summertime. It is expected that three of the five produc-tion wells will be connected to Norman’s system by summertime, while the remain-ing two will connect into the system later in the summer months.
Water and Wastewater Cost of Service StudyWater quality and quantity are the biggest environmental issues we face in our
community. The Norman Utilities Authority has concluded a Cost of Service andRate Study of our water and wastewater systems. The study looked at all aspects ofour water and wastewater financial operations and suggested a rate structure thatwill allow the systems to meet future needs. Our city’s elected officials proposed anew water rate structure based on the study, which voters approved March 7, pro-viding new dollars for:☛ 15 replacement wells;☛ treating water for taste and odor;☛ Refurbishing existing water storage tanks;☛ Upgrading the Vernon Campbell Water Treatment Plant;☛ Replacing old waterlines;☛ Replacing a portion of the raw water line from Lake Thunderbird to the watertreatment plant.
Water Supply Information
In 2005, Norman utilized 125.4 percent of its permitted allocation from LakeThunderbird. Norman was allowed to withdraw more than our permitted alloca-tion from Lake Thunderbird because demands were less than permitted from bothMidwest City and Del City. Overdrawing one city’s allocation is allowed as long asthe total permit is not exceeded.
Our allocated withdrawal from Lake Thunderbird is 8.4 million gallons per day.In 2005, we treated an average of 10.6 million gallons of water per day from LakeThunderbird at our water treatment plant, for an annual total of 3.867 billion gallons.
Our average consumption of well water was 2.7 million gallons per day in 2005.We consumed a total of 987 million gallons of water from our wells in the Garber-Wellington Aquifer.
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Water Production By Month - 2005
Water Production -2005(Millions of Gallons)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Mill
ion
Gallo
ns
0
100
200
300
400
500
600Water Plant
Wells
Oklahoma City
0-1,000 Gallons
1,100-2,000 Gallons
2,100-15,000 Gallons
15,100-20,000 Gallons
More Than 20,000 Gallons
5%
5.94%
59.93%
9.75%
19.38%
July 1998
In 1998, before voters approved our current water rate structure, the follow-ing division of household usage by all household customers was experienced inthe month of July.
The following usage pattern was experienced in 2005. The percentage ofhousehold customers using greater than 15,000 gallons per month was reducedby almost 50 percent, indicating that our water consumption patterns areworking with some customers. Future year’s water consumption patterns hope-fully will show the continued success of our community efforts to conservewater.
0-1,000 Gallons
1,100-2,000 Gallons
2,100-15,000 Gallons
15,100-20,000 Gallons
More Than 20,000 Gallons
July 2005
6.81%
7.46%
67.23%7.64%
10.86%
How You Can Help Conserve Norman’s Water
Outdoor☛Install rain gauges and freeze gauges on irrigation systems to prevent watering when it isnot necessary.☛Watering the lawn and garden is more efficient in the early morning or at night when thesun won’t cause as much evaporation. Avoid sprinklers with fine mists; they increase evaporation.☛Keep the grass two to three inches long to enhance root development with minimal watering.☛Wash your car with soap and a bucket. Washing your car with a running hose uses morethan 100 gallons of water. Using a bucket and sponge cuts this figure by 90 percent.☛Pay careful attention to sprinklers to keep water from getting on driveways, streets andsidewalks, where it is wasted. ☛Use mulch in gardens to minimize weed growth, slow erosion and slow evaporative losses. ☛Check for leaks in pipes, hoses, faucets, couplings and lawn sprinkler systems and repairthem immediately. Even a small drip can waste hundreds of gallons of water a day.
Indoor☛Install low-flow showerheads. They are easy to install and save water and energy.☛Install low-flush toilets or install a toilet tank displacement insert or dam to reduce the vol-ume of water in the tank and the amount used per flush. A plastic jug filled with water andplaced in the tank is an effective displacement device.☛Check for leaks inside toilets, which can waste up to 200 gallons of water a day. Toilet leakscan be detected by adding a few drops of food coloring to water in the tank. If the coloredwater appears in the bowl, the toilet is leaking.☛Never use the toilet as a wastebasket.☛Operate the dishwasher and washing machines only when completely full. ☛Don’t let the faucet run needlessly when brushing your teeth or shaving.
Conserving Water Means:☛Our water bills will be lower for our homes and businesses.☛We will save energy at home and at the office.☛The community will save because the city will have less water and sewage to treat.☛We will have a positive impact on the environment of our community.
Water Conservation Kits Are Available for $6 EachEach kit contains an easy-to-install, high quality low-flow showerhead, low-flow kitchen andbathroom aerators, toilet tank bank, leak detection dye tablets, washers, Teflon tape and aninstruction card. These kits may be purchased at the City of Norman utilities billing window,201 West Gray, Building C.
Homes built after 1994 already have low-flow devices installed as part of their plumbing.Houses built prior to 1994 would benefit most from the water conservation kits, which areavailable on a first come, first served basis. Each Norman homeowner can purchase up to twokits. For more information, call Environmental Services at 292-9731.
Try to do one thing each day to save water. Every drop counts and every person can make adifference.
For More Information
The Norman Utilities Authority members are also the elected mayor and citycouncil members. Their meetings are held at the same time as city councilmeetings and are open to the public.
Meeting schedule: Second and fourth Tuesday of each month at City Hall,beginning at 6:30 p.m.
The City of Norman Web Site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.ci.norman.ok.us
Vernon Campbell Water Treatment Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chris MattinglySuperintendent of Water Treatment
Phone (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding city services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Action CenterPhone (405) 366-5396 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bryan HapkeSupervisor of Water Treatment
Phone: (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Geri Wellborn
Senior Laboratory TechnicianPhone: (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bryan Mitchell, P.E.Capital Projects Engineer
Phone (405) 366-5426 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water or sewer lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lloyd DavisLine Maintenance Superintendent
Phone (405) 329-0703 • E-mail: [email protected]
Utilities Department. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 366-5443
Customer service/billing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 366-5320
Water/sewer emergency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 329-0703 (Daytime)(405) 321-2182 (After hours)
Water Rate Driven Household Water Conservation
To Our Citizens
The water supply available to a community constitutes its mostimportant and valuable asset. Each and every citizen of Normanuses water daily, giving little thought about treatment and deliv-ery of this essential ingredient in our lives. The Norman UtilitiesAuthority provides water to more than 90,000 citizens inNorman, with all of our water originating from one of threesources: Lake Thunderbird, the Garber-Wellington Aquifer orOklahoma City. Each source provides quality water for our drink-ing, bathing, cooking and general consumption needs.
In the year 2005, Norman produced nearly 4.5 billion gallonsof water. Staff has worked diligently to ensure the delivery of safedrinking water to the citizens of Norman. Water that meets orexceeds the requirements set by the state of OklahomaDepartment of Environmental Quality and the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency is the continual goal of thestaff.
As your Mayor, I invite you to ask questions of your municipalstaff regarding any current or future water concerns. Interestingchallenges await us as we continue to experience greater waterdemands. It is your support that we must possess as we work toaddress Norman’s water supply challenges.
Mayor Harold HaralsonChairmanNorman Utilities Authority
Water Consumption Information
In 2005, Norman experienced a 79.7 percent increase in water usage between themonths of February and July. The majority of this difference is the result of lifestylechanges associated with seasonal usage, including landscape irrigation.
Peak day usage occurred on Aug. 3, 2005, when 22.521 million gallons of waterwas consumed, equal to 247 gallons per person. Minimum water usage occurred onFeb. 1, 2005, when 9.289 million gallons of water was consumed – 91 gallons perperson.
The peak month consumption pattern is believed to have been positively impact-ed by the inverted water rate structure approved recently by Norman voters. The fulleffect of this rate structure related to conservation will be better assessed after severalmore hot, dry summers in Norman. For now there appears to be a positive impact onthe conservation of water used for irrigation. Evidence of this trend is depicted in the1998 and 2005 comparison of water consumption by single family residential homesin Norman in the Water Rate Driven Household Water Conservation section of thisdocument.
During 2005, the Oklahoma City treated water supply line was used on 33 sepa-rate days. The total amount of water consumed through this line was 32.362 milliongallons. During 2005, approximately 91,300 citizens were served by Norman’s watersystem.
Ongoing Water Projects
Water Well and Waterline ProjectThe Norman Utilities Authority is currently drilling 11 test holes and complet-
ing five new water wells to help meet current water demand requirements. Thesewells are located in east Norman. Each of the five wells will be completed duringthe summer of 2006. New wells being constructed will help replace water supplieslost due to non-compliant arsenic levels.
The design of waterlines connecting the new wells to the Norman water systemis complete. Construction of waterlines to these new sites will begin in early Apriland continue through the summertime. It is expected that three of the five produc-tion wells will be connected to Norman’s system by summertime, while the remain-ing two will connect into the system later in the summer months.
Water and Wastewater Cost of Service StudyWater quality and quantity are the biggest environmental issues we face in our
community. The Norman Utilities Authority has concluded a Cost of Service andRate Study of our water and wastewater systems. The study looked at all aspects ofour water and wastewater financial operations and suggested a rate structure thatwill allow the systems to meet future needs. Our city’s elected officials proposed anew water rate structure based on the study, which voters approved March 7, pro-viding new dollars for:☛15 replacement wells;☛treating water for taste and odor;☛Refurbishing existing water storage tanks;☛Upgrading the Vernon Campbell Water Treatment Plant;☛Replacing old waterlines;☛Replacing a portion of the raw water line from Lake Thunderbird to the watertreatment plant.
Water Supply Information
In 2005, Norman utilized 125.4 percent of its permitted allocation from LakeThunderbird. Norman was allowed to withdraw more than our permitted alloca-tion from Lake Thunderbird because demands were less than permitted from bothMidwest City and Del City. Overdrawing one city’s allocation is allowed as long asthe total permit is not exceeded.
Our allocated withdrawal from Lake Thunderbird is 8.4 million gallons per day.In 2005, we treated an average of 10.6 million gallons of water per day from LakeThunderbird at our water treatment plant, for an annual total of 3.867 billion gallons.
Our average consumption of well water was 2.7 million gallons per day in 2005.We consumed a total of 987 million gallons of water from our wells in the Garber-Wellington Aquifer.
The City of Norman
201 West Gray • P.O. Box 370
Norman, Oklahom
a 73069 • 73070
Presorted StandardU.S. Postage
PaidNorm
an, OK 73070Perm
it # 405
Water Production By Month - 2005
Water Production -2005(Millions of Gallons)
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Million Gallons
0
100
200
300
400
500
600Water Plant
Wells
Oklahoma City
0-1,000 Gallons
1,100-2,000 Gallons
2,100-15,000 Gallons
15,100-20,000 Gallons
More Than 20,000 Gallons
5%
5.94
%
59.93%
9.75%
19.38%
July 1998
In 1998, before voters approved our current water rate structure, the follow-ing division of household usage by all household customers was experienced inthe month of July.
The following usage pattern was experienced in 2005. The percentage ofhousehold customers using greater than 15,000 gallons per month was reducedby almost 50 percent, indicating that our water consumption patterns areworking with some customers. Future year’s water consumption patterns hope-fully will show the continued success of our community efforts to conservewater.
0-1,000 Gallons
1,100-2,000 Gallons
2,100-15,000 Gallons
15,100-20,000 Gallons
More Than 20,000 Gallons
July 2005
6.81%
7.46
%
67.23%7.64%
10.86%
How You Can Help Conserve Norman’s Water
Outdoor☛Install rain gauges and freeze gauges on irrigation systems to prevent watering when it isnot necessary.☛Watering the lawn and garden is more efficient in the early morning or at night when thesun won’t cause as much evaporation. Avoid sprinklers with fine mists; they increase evaporation.☛Keep the grass two to three inches long to enhance root development with minimal watering.☛Wash your car with soap and a bucket. Washing your car with a running hose uses morethan 100 gallons of water. Using a bucket and sponge cuts this figure by 90 percent.☛Pay careful attention to sprinklers to keep water from getting on driveways, streets andsidewalks, where it is wasted. ☛Use mulch in gardens to minimize weed growth, slow erosion and slow evaporative losses. ☛Check for leaks in pipes, hoses, faucets, couplings and lawn sprinkler systems and repairthem immediately. Even a small drip can waste hundreds of gallons of water a day.
Indoor☛Install low-flow showerheads. They are easy to install and save water and energy.☛Install low-flush toilets or install a toilet tank displacement insert or dam to reduce the vol-ume of water in the tank and the amount used per flush. A plastic jug filled with water andplaced in the tank is an effective displacement device.☛Check for leaks inside toilets, which can waste up to 200 gallons of water a day. Toilet leakscan be detected by adding a few drops of food coloring to water in the tank. If the coloredwater appears in the bowl, the toilet is leaking.☛Never use the toilet as a wastebasket.☛Operate the dishwasher and washing machines only when completely full. ☛Don’t let the faucet run needlessly when brushing your teeth or shaving.
Conserving Water Means:☛Our water bills will be lower for our homes and businesses.☛We will save energy at home and at the office.☛The community will save because the city will have less water and sewage to treat.☛We will have a positive impact on the environment of our community.
Water Conservation Kits Are Available for $6 EachEach kit contains an easy-to-install, high quality low-flow showerhead, low-flow kitchen andbathroom aerators, toilet tank bank, leak detection dye tablets, washers, Teflon tape and aninstruction card. These kits may be purchased at the City of Norman utilities billing window,201 West Gray, Building C.
Homes built after 1994 already have low-flow devices installed as part of their plumbing.Houses built prior to 1994 would benefit most from the water conservation kits, which areavailable on a first come, first served basis. Each Norman homeowner can purchase up to twokits. For more information, call Environmental Services at 292-9731.
Try to do one thing each day to save water. Every drop counts and every person can make adifference.
For More Information
The Norman Utilities Authority members are also the elected mayor and citycouncil members. Their meetings are held at the same time as city councilmeetings and are open to the public.
Meeting schedule: Second and fourth Tuesday of each month at City Hall,beginning at 6:30 p.m.
The City of Norman Web Site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.ci.norman.ok.us
Vernon Campbell Water Treatment Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chris MattinglySuperintendent of Water Treatment
Phone (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding city services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Action CenterPhone (405) 366-5396 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bryan HapkeSupervisor of Water Treatment
Phone: (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Geri Wellborn
Senior Laboratory TechnicianPhone: (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bryan Mitchell, P.E.Capital Projects Engineer
Phone (405) 366-5426 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water or sewer lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lloyd DavisLine Maintenance Superintendent
Phone (405) 329-0703 • E-mail: [email protected]
Utilities Department. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 366-5443
Customer service/billing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 366-5320
Water/sewer emergency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 329-0703 (Daytime)(405) 321-2182 (After hours)
Water Rate Driven Household Water Conservation
To Our Citizens
The water supply available to a community constitutes its mostimportant and valuable asset. Each and every citizen of Normanuses water daily, giving little thought about treatment and deliv-ery of this essential ingredient in our lives. The Norman UtilitiesAuthority provides water to more than 90,000 citizens inNorman, with all of our water originating from one of threesources: Lake Thunderbird, the Garber-Wellington Aquifer orOklahoma City. Each source provides quality water for our drink-ing, bathing, cooking and general consumption needs.
In the year 2005, Norman produced nearly 4.5 billion gallonsof water. Staff has worked diligently to ensure the delivery of safedrinking water to the citizens of Norman. Water that meets orexceeds the requirements set by the state of OklahomaDepartment of Environmental Quality and the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency is the continual goal of thestaff.
As your Mayor, I invite you to ask questions of your municipalstaff regarding any current or future water concerns. Interestingchallenges await us as we continue to experience greater waterdemands. It is your support that we must possess as we work toaddress Norman’s water supply challenges.
Mayor Harold HaralsonChairmanNorman Utilities Authority
Water Consumption Information
In 2005, Norman experienced a 79.7 percent increase in water usage between themonths of February and July. The majority of this difference is the result of lifestylechanges associated with seasonal usage, including landscape irrigation.
Peak day usage occurred on Aug. 3, 2005, when 22.521 million gallons of waterwas consumed, equal to 247 gallons per person. Minimum water usage occurred onFeb. 1, 2005, when 9.289 million gallons of water was consumed – 91 gallons perperson.
The peak month consumption pattern is believed to have been positively impact-ed by the inverted water rate structure approved recently by Norman voters. The fulleffect of this rate structure related to conservation will be better assessed after severalmore hot, dry summers in Norman. For now there appears to be a positive impact onthe conservation of water used for irrigation. Evidence of this trend is depicted in the1998 and 2005 comparison of water consumption by single family residential homesin Norman in the Water Rate Driven Household Water Conservation section of thisdocument.
During 2005, the Oklahoma City treated water supply line was used on 33 sepa-rate days. The total amount of water consumed through this line was 32.362 milliongallons. During 2005, approximately 91,300 citizens were served by Norman’s watersystem.
Ongoing Water Projects
Water Well and Waterline ProjectThe Norman Utilities Authority is currently drilling 11 test holes and complet-
ing five new water wells to help meet current water demand requirements. Thesewells are located in east Norman. Each of the five wells will be completed duringthe summer of 2006. New wells being constructed will help replace water supplieslost due to non-compliant arsenic levels.
The design of waterlines connecting the new wells to the Norman water systemis complete. Construction of waterlines to these new sites will begin in early Apriland continue through the summertime. It is expected that three of the five produc-tion wells will be connected to Norman’s system by summertime, while the remain-ing two will connect into the system later in the summer months.
Water and Wastewater Cost of Service StudyWater quality and quantity are the biggest environmental issues we face in our
community. The Norman Utilities Authority has concluded a Cost of Service andRate Study of our water and wastewater systems. The study looked at all aspects ofour water and wastewater financial operations and suggested a rate structure thatwill allow the systems to meet future needs. Our city’s elected officials proposed anew water rate structure based on the study, which voters approved March 7, pro-viding new dollars for:☛15 replacement wells;☛treating water for taste and odor;☛Refurbishing existing water storage tanks;☛Upgrading the Vernon Campbell Water Treatment Plant;☛Replacing old waterlines;☛Replacing a portion of the raw water line from Lake Thunderbird to the watertreatment plant.
Water Supply Information
In 2005, Norman utilized 125.4 percent of its permitted allocation from LakeThunderbird. Norman was allowed to withdraw more than our permitted alloca-tion from Lake Thunderbird because demands were less than permitted from bothMidwest City and Del City. Overdrawing one city’s allocation is allowed as long asthe total permit is not exceeded.
Our allocated withdrawal from Lake Thunderbird is 8.4 million gallons per day.In 2005, we treated an average of 10.6 million gallons of water per day from LakeThunderbird at our water treatment plant, for an annual total of 3.867 billion gallons.
Our average consumption of well water was 2.7 million gallons per day in 2005.We consumed a total of 987 million gallons of water from our wells in the Garber-Wellington Aquifer.
The City of Norman
201 West Gray • P.O. Box 370
Norman, Oklahom
a 73069 • 73070
Presorted StandardU.S. Postage
PaidNorm
an, OK 73070Perm
it # 405
Water Production By Month - 2005
Water Production -2005(Millions of Gallons)
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Million Gallons
0
100
200
300
400
500
600Water Plant
Wells
Oklahoma City
0-1,000 Gallons
1,100-2,000 Gallons
2,100-15,000 Gallons
15,100-20,000 Gallons
More Than 20,000 Gallons
5%
5.94
%
59.93%
9.75%
19.38%
July 1998
In 1998, before voters approved our current water rate structure, the follow-ing division of household usage by all household customers was experienced inthe month of July.
The following usage pattern was experienced in 2005. The percentage ofhousehold customers using greater than 15,000 gallons per month was reducedby almost 50 percent, indicating that our water consumption patterns areworking with some customers. Future year’s water consumption patterns hope-fully will show the continued success of our community efforts to conservewater.
0-1,000 Gallons
1,100-2,000 Gallons
2,100-15,000 Gallons
15,100-20,000 Gallons
More Than 20,000 Gallons
July 2005
6.81%
7.46
%
67.23%7.64%
10.86%
How You Can Help Conserve Norman’s Water
Outdoor☛ Install rain gauges and freeze gauges on irrigation systems to prevent watering when it isnot necessary.☛ Watering the lawn and garden is more efficient in the early morning or at night when thesun won’t cause as much evaporation. Avoid sprinklers with fine mists; they increase evaporation.☛ Keep the grass two to three inches long to enhance root development with minimal watering.☛ Wash your car with soap and a bucket. Washing your car with a running hose uses morethan 100 gallons of water. Using a bucket and sponge cuts this figure by 90 percent.☛ Pay careful attention to sprinklers to keep water from getting on driveways, streets andsidewalks, where it is wasted. ☛ Use mulch in gardens to minimize weed growth, slow erosion and slow evaporative losses. ☛ Check for leaks in pipes, hoses, faucets, couplings and lawn sprinkler systems and repairthem immediately. Even a small drip can waste hundreds of gallons of water a day.
Indoor☛ Install low-flow showerheads. They are easy to install and save water and energy.☛ Install low-flush toilets or install a toilet tank displacement insert or dam to reduce the vol-ume of water in the tank and the amount used per flush. A plastic jug filled with water andplaced in the tank is an effective displacement device.☛ Check for leaks inside toilets, which can waste up to 200 gallons of water a day. Toilet leakscan be detected by adding a few drops of food coloring to water in the tank. If the coloredwater appears in the bowl, the toilet is leaking.☛ Never use the toilet as a wastebasket.☛ Operate the dishwasher and washing machines only when completely full. ☛ Don’t let the faucet run needlessly when brushing your teeth or shaving.
Conserving Water Means:☛ Our water bills will be lower for our homes and businesses.☛ We will save energy at home and at the office.☛ The community will save because the city will have less water and sewage to treat.☛ We will have a positive impact on the environment of our community.
Water Conservation Kits Are Available for $6 EachEach kit contains an easy-to-install, high quality low-flow showerhead, low-flow kitchen andbathroom aerators, toilet tank bank, leak detection dye tablets, washers, Teflon tape and aninstruction card. These kits may be purchased at the City of Norman utilities billing window,201 West Gray, Building C.
Homes built after 1994 already have low-flow devices installed as part of their plumbing.Houses built prior to 1994 would benefit most from the water conservation kits, which areavailable on a first come, first served basis. Each Norman homeowner can purchase up to twokits. For more information, call Environmental Services at 292-9731.
Try to do one thing each day to save water. Every drop counts and every person can make adifference.
For More Information
The Norman Utilities Authority members are also the elected mayor and citycouncil members. Their meetings are held at the same time as city councilmeetings and are open to the public.
Meeting schedule: Second and fourth Tuesday of each month at City Hall,beginning at 6:30 p.m.
The City of Norman Web Site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.ci.norman.ok.us
Vernon Campbell Water Treatment Plant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chris MattinglySuperintendent of Water Treatment
Phone (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding city services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Action CenterPhone (405) 366-5396 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water quality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bryan HapkeSupervisor of Water Treatment
Phone: (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Geri Wellborn
Senior Laboratory TechnicianPhone: (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water projects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bryan Mitchell, P.E.Capital Projects Engineer
Phone (405) 366-5426 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water or sewer lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lloyd DavisLine Maintenance Superintendent
Phone (405) 329-0703 • E-mail: [email protected]
Utilities Department. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 366-5443
Customer service/billing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 366-5320
Water/sewer emergency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 329-0703 (Daytime)(405) 321-2182 (After hours)
Water Rate Driven Household Water Conservation
To Our Citizens
The water supply available to a community constitutes its mostimportant and valuable asset. Each and every citizen of Normanuses water daily, giving little thought about treatment and deliv-ery of this essential ingredient in our lives. The Norman UtilitiesAuthority provides water to more than 90,000 citizens inNorman, with all of our water originating from one of threesources: Lake Thunderbird, the Garber-Wellington Aquifer orOklahoma City. Each source provides quality water for our drink-ing, bathing, cooking and general consumption needs.
In the year 2005, Norman produced nearly 4.5 billion gallonsof water. Staff has worked diligently to ensure the delivery of safedrinking water to the citizens of Norman. Water that meets orexceeds the requirements set by the state of OklahomaDepartment of Environmental Quality and the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency is the continual goal of thestaff.
As your Mayor, I invite you to ask questions of your municipalstaff regarding any current or future water concerns. Interestingchallenges await us as we continue to experience greater waterdemands. It is your support that we must possess as we work toaddress Norman’s water supply challenges.
Mayor Harold HaralsonChairmanNorman Utilities Authority
Water Consumption Information
In 2005, Norman experienced a 79.7 percent increase in water usage between themonths of February and July. The majority of this difference is the result of lifestylechanges associated with seasonal usage, including landscape irrigation.
Peak day usage occurred on Aug. 3, 2005, when 22.521 million gallons of waterwas consumed, equal to 247 gallons per person. Minimum water usage occurred onFeb. 1, 2005, when 9.289 million gallons of water was consumed – 91 gallons perperson.
The peak month consumption pattern is believed to have been positively impact-ed by the inverted water rate structure approved recently by Norman voters. The fulleffect of this rate structure related to conservation will be better assessed after severalmore hot, dry summers in Norman. For now there appears to be a positive impact onthe conservation of water used for irrigation. Evidence of this trend is depicted in the1998 and 2005 comparison of water consumption by single family residential homesin Norman in the Water Rate Driven Household Water Conservation section of thisdocument.
During 2005, the Oklahoma City treated water supply line was used on 33 sepa-rate days. The total amount of water consumed through this line was 32.362 milliongallons. During 2005, approximately 91,300 citizens were served by Norman’s watersystem.
Ongoing Water Projects
Water Well and Waterline ProjectThe Norman Utilities Authority is currently drilling 11 test holes and complet-
ing five new water wells to help meet current water demand requirements. Thesewells are located in east Norman. Each of the five wells will be completed duringthe summer of 2006. New wells being constructed will help replace water supplieslost due to non-compliant arsenic levels.
The design of waterlines connecting the new wells to the Norman water systemis complete. Construction of waterlines to these new sites will begin in early Apriland continue through the summertime. It is expected that three of the five produc-tion wells will be connected to Norman’s system by summertime, while the remain-ing two will connect into the system later in the summer months.
Water and Wastewater Cost of Service StudyWater quality and quantity are the biggest environmental issues we face in our
community. The Norman Utilities Authority has concluded a Cost of Service andRate Study of our water and wastewater systems. The study looked at all aspects ofour water and wastewater financial operations and suggested a rate structure thatwill allow the systems to meet future needs. Our city’s elected officials proposed anew water rate structure based on the study, which voters approved March 7, pro-viding new dollars for:☛ 15 replacement wells;☛ treating water for taste and odor;☛ Refurbishing existing water storage tanks;☛ Upgrading the Vernon Campbell Water Treatment Plant;☛ Replacing old waterlines;☛ Replacing a portion of the raw water line from Lake Thunderbird to the watertreatment plant.
Water Supply Information
In 2005, Norman utilized 125.4 percent of its permitted allocation from LakeThunderbird. Norman was allowed to withdraw more than our permitted alloca-tion from Lake Thunderbird because demands were less than permitted from bothMidwest City and Del City. Overdrawing one city’s allocation is allowed as long asthe total permit is not exceeded.
Our allocated withdrawal from Lake Thunderbird is 8.4 million gallons per day.In 2005, we treated an average of 10.6 million gallons of water per day from LakeThunderbird at our water treatment plant, for an annual total of 3.867 billion gallons.
Our average consumption of well water was 2.7 million gallons per day in 2005.We consumed a total of 987 million gallons of water from our wells in the Garber-Wellington Aquifer.
The
City
of N
orm
an20
1 W
est G
ray
• P.O
. Box
370
Norm
an, O
klah
oma
7306
9 • 7
3070
Pres
orte
d St
anda
rdU.
S. P
osta
gePa
idNo
rman
, OK
7307
0Pe
rmit
# 40
5
Water Production By Month - 2005
Water Production -2005(Millions of Gallons)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Mill
ion
Gallo
ns
0
100
200
300
400
500
600Water Plant
Wells
Oklahoma City
0-1,000 Gallons
1,100-2,000 Gallons
2,100-15,000 Gallons
15,100-20,000 Gallons
More Than 20,000 Gallons
5%
5.94%
59.93%
9.75%
19.38%
July 1998
In 1998, before voters approved our current water rate structure, the follow-ing division of household usage by all household customers was experienced inthe month of July.
The following usage pattern was experienced in 2005. The percentage ofhousehold customers using greater than 15,000 gallons per month was reducedby almost 50 percent, indicating that our water consumption patterns areworking with some customers. Future year’s water consumption patterns hope-fully will show the continued success of our community efforts to conservewater.
0-1,000 Gallons
1,100-2,000 Gallons
2,100-15,000 Gallons
15,100-20,000 Gallons
More Than 20,000 Gallons
July 2005
6.81%
7.46%
67.23%7.64%
10.86%
How You Can Help Conserve Norman’s Water
Outdoor☛ Install rain gauges and freeze gauges on irrigation systems to prevent watering when it isnot necessary.☛ Watering the lawn and garden is more efficient in the early morning or at night when thesun won’t cause as much evaporation. Avoid sprinklers with fine mists; they increase evaporation.☛ Keep the grass two to three inches long to enhance root development with minimal watering.☛ Wash your car with soap and a bucket. Washing your car with a running hose uses morethan 100 gallons of water. Using a bucket and sponge cuts this figure by 90 percent.☛ Pay careful attention to sprinklers to keep water from getting on driveways, streets andsidewalks, where it is wasted. ☛ Use mulch in gardens to minimize weed growth, slow erosion and slow evaporative losses. ☛ Check for leaks in pipes, hoses, faucets, couplings and lawn sprinkler systems and repairthem immediately. Even a small drip can waste hundreds of gallons of water a day.
Indoor☛ Install low-flow showerheads. They are easy to install and save water and energy.☛ Install low-flush toilets or install a toilet tank displacement insert or dam to reduce the vol-ume of water in the tank and the amount used per flush. A plastic jug filled with water andplaced in the tank is an effective displacement device.☛ Check for leaks inside toilets, which can waste up to 200 gallons of water a day. Toilet leakscan be detected by adding a few drops of food coloring to water in the tank. If the coloredwater appears in the bowl, the toilet is leaking.☛ Never use the toilet as a wastebasket.☛ Operate the dishwasher and washing machines only when completely full. ☛ Don’t let the faucet run needlessly when brushing your teeth or shaving.
Conserving Water Means:☛ Our water bills will be lower for our homes and businesses.☛ We will save energy at home and at the office.☛ The community will save because the city will have less water and sewage to treat.☛ We will have a positive impact on the environment of our community.
Water Conservation Kits Are Available for $6 EachEach kit contains an easy-to-install, high quality low-flow showerhead, low-flow kitchen andbathroom aerators, toilet tank bank, leak detection dye tablets, washers, Teflon tape and aninstruction card. These kits may be purchased at the City of Norman utilities billing window,201 West Gray, Building C.
Homes built after 1994 already have low-flow devices installed as part of their plumbing.Houses built prior to 1994 would benefit most from the water conservation kits, which areavailable on a first come, first served basis. Each Norman homeowner can purchase up to twokits. For more information, call Environmental Services at 292-9731.
Try to do one thing each day to save water. Every drop counts and every person can make adifference.
For More Information
The Norman Utilities Authority members are also the elected mayor and citycouncil members. Their meetings are held at the same time as city councilmeetings and are open to the public.
Meeting schedule: Second and fourth Tuesday of each month at City Hall,beginning at 6:30 p.m.
The City of Norman Web Site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.ci.norman.ok.us
Vernon Campbell Water Treatment Plant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chris MattinglySuperintendent of Water Treatment
Phone (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding city services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Action CenterPhone (405) 366-5396 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water quality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bryan HapkeSupervisor of Water Treatment
Phone: (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Geri Wellborn
Senior Laboratory TechnicianPhone: (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water projects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bryan Mitchell, P.E.Capital Projects Engineer
Phone (405) 366-5426 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water or sewer lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lloyd DavisLine Maintenance Superintendent
Phone (405) 329-0703 • E-mail: [email protected]
Utilities Department. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 366-5443
Customer service/billing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 366-5320
Water/sewer emergency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 329-0703 (Daytime)(405) 321-2182 (After hours)
Water Rate Driven Household Water Conservation
To Our Citizens
The water supply available to a community constitutes its mostimportant and valuable asset. Each and every citizen of Normanuses water daily, giving little thought about treatment and deliv-ery of this essential ingredient in our lives. The Norman UtilitiesAuthority provides water to more than 90,000 citizens inNorman, with all of our water originating from one of threesources: Lake Thunderbird, the Garber-Wellington Aquifer orOklahoma City. Each source provides quality water for our drink-ing, bathing, cooking and general consumption needs.
In the year 2005, Norman produced nearly 4.5 billion gallonsof water. Staff has worked diligently to ensure the delivery of safedrinking water to the citizens of Norman. Water that meets orexceeds the requirements set by the state of OklahomaDepartment of Environmental Quality and the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency is the continual goal of thestaff.
As your Mayor, I invite you to ask questions of your municipalstaff regarding any current or future water concerns. Interestingchallenges await us as we continue to experience greater waterdemands. It is your support that we must possess as we work toaddress Norman’s water supply challenges.
Mayor Harold HaralsonChairmanNorman Utilities Authority
Water Consumption Information
In 2005, Norman experienced a 79.7 percent increase in water usage between themonths of February and July. The majority of this difference is the result of lifestylechanges associated with seasonal usage, including landscape irrigation.
Peak day usage occurred on Aug. 3, 2005, when 22.521 million gallons of waterwas consumed, equal to 247 gallons per person. Minimum water usage occurred onFeb. 1, 2005, when 9.289 million gallons of water was consumed – 91 gallons perperson.
The peak month consumption pattern is believed to have been positively impact-ed by the inverted water rate structure approved recently by Norman voters. The fulleffect of this rate structure related to conservation will be better assessed after severalmore hot, dry summers in Norman. For now there appears to be a positive impact onthe conservation of water used for irrigation. Evidence of this trend is depicted in the1998 and 2005 comparison of water consumption by single family residential homesin Norman in the Water Rate Driven Household Water Conservation section of thisdocument.
During 2005, the Oklahoma City treated water supply line was used on 33 sepa-rate days. The total amount of water consumed through this line was 32.362 milliongallons. During 2005, approximately 91,300 citizens were served by Norman’s watersystem.
Ongoing Water Projects
Water Well and Waterline ProjectThe Norman Utilities Authority is currently drilling 11 test holes and complet-
ing five new water wells to help meet current water demand requirements. Thesewells are located in east Norman. Each of the five wells will be completed duringthe summer of 2006. New wells being constructed will help replace water supplieslost due to non-compliant arsenic levels.
The design of waterlines connecting the new wells to the Norman water systemis complete. Construction of waterlines to these new sites will begin in early Apriland continue through the summertime. It is expected that three of the five produc-tion wells will be connected to Norman’s system by summertime, while the remain-ing two will connect into the system later in the summer months.
Water and Wastewater Cost of Service StudyWater quality and quantity are the biggest environmental issues we face in our
community. The Norman Utilities Authority has concluded a Cost of Service andRate Study of our water and wastewater systems. The study looked at all aspects ofour water and wastewater financial operations and suggested a rate structure thatwill allow the systems to meet future needs. Our city’s elected officials proposed anew water rate structure based on the study, which voters approved March 7, pro-viding new dollars for:☛ 15 replacement wells;☛ treating water for taste and odor;☛ Refurbishing existing water storage tanks;☛ Upgrading the Vernon Campbell Water Treatment Plant;☛ Replacing old waterlines;☛ Replacing a portion of the raw water line from Lake Thunderbird to the watertreatment plant.
Water Supply Information
In 2005, Norman utilized 125.4 percent of its permitted allocation from LakeThunderbird. Norman was allowed to withdraw more than our permitted alloca-tion from Lake Thunderbird because demands were less than permitted from bothMidwest City and Del City. Overdrawing one city’s allocation is allowed as long asthe total permit is not exceeded.
Our allocated withdrawal from Lake Thunderbird is 8.4 million gallons per day.In 2005, we treated an average of 10.6 million gallons of water per day from LakeThunderbird at our water treatment plant, for an annual total of 3.867 billion gallons.
Our average consumption of well water was 2.7 million gallons per day in 2005.We consumed a total of 987 million gallons of water from our wells in the Garber-Wellington Aquifer.
The
City
of N
orm
an20
1 W
est G
ray
• P.O
. Box
370
Norm
an, O
klah
oma
7306
9 • 7
3070
Pres
orte
d St
anda
rdU.
S. P
osta
gePa
idNo
rman
, OK
7307
0Pe
rmit
# 40
5
Water Production By Month - 2005
Water Production -2005(Millions of Gallons)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Mill
ion
Gallo
ns
0
100
200
300
400
500
600Water Plant
Wells
Oklahoma City
0-1,000 Gallons
1,100-2,000 Gallons
2,100-15,000 Gallons
15,100-20,000 Gallons
More Than 20,000 Gallons
5%
5.94%
59.93%
9.75%
19.38%
July 1998
In 1998, before voters approved our current water rate structure, the follow-ing division of household usage by all household customers was experienced inthe month of July.
The following usage pattern was experienced in 2005. The percentage ofhousehold customers using greater than 15,000 gallons per month was reducedby almost 50 percent, indicating that our water consumption patterns areworking with some customers. Future year’s water consumption patterns hope-fully will show the continued success of our community efforts to conservewater.
0-1,000 Gallons
1,100-2,000 Gallons
2,100-15,000 Gallons
15,100-20,000 Gallons
More Than 20,000 Gallons
July 2005
6.81%
7.46%
67.23%7.64%
10.86%
How You Can Help Conserve Norman’s Water
Outdoor☛ Install rain gauges and freeze gauges on irrigation systems to prevent watering when it isnot necessary.☛ Watering the lawn and garden is more efficient in the early morning or at night when thesun won’t cause as much evaporation. Avoid sprinklers with fine mists; they increase evaporation.☛ Keep the grass two to three inches long to enhance root development with minimal watering.☛ Wash your car with soap and a bucket. Washing your car with a running hose uses morethan 100 gallons of water. Using a bucket and sponge cuts this figure by 90 percent.☛ Pay careful attention to sprinklers to keep water from getting on driveways, streets andsidewalks, where it is wasted. ☛ Use mulch in gardens to minimize weed growth, slow erosion and slow evaporative losses. ☛ Check for leaks in pipes, hoses, faucets, couplings and lawn sprinkler systems and repairthem immediately. Even a small drip can waste hundreds of gallons of water a day.
Indoor☛ Install low-flow showerheads. They are easy to install and save water and energy.☛ Install low-flush toilets or install a toilet tank displacement insert or dam to reduce the vol-ume of water in the tank and the amount used per flush. A plastic jug filled with water andplaced in the tank is an effective displacement device.☛ Check for leaks inside toilets, which can waste up to 200 gallons of water a day. Toilet leakscan be detected by adding a few drops of food coloring to water in the tank. If the coloredwater appears in the bowl, the toilet is leaking.☛ Never use the toilet as a wastebasket.☛ Operate the dishwasher and washing machines only when completely full. ☛ Don’t let the faucet run needlessly when brushing your teeth or shaving.
Conserving Water Means:☛ Our water bills will be lower for our homes and businesses.☛ We will save energy at home and at the office.☛ The community will save because the city will have less water and sewage to treat.☛ We will have a positive impact on the environment of our community.
Water Conservation Kits Are Available for $6 EachEach kit contains an easy-to-install, high quality low-flow showerhead, low-flow kitchen andbathroom aerators, toilet tank bank, leak detection dye tablets, washers, Teflon tape and aninstruction card. These kits may be purchased at the City of Norman utilities billing window,201 West Gray, Building C.
Homes built after 1994 already have low-flow devices installed as part of their plumbing.Houses built prior to 1994 would benefit most from the water conservation kits, which areavailable on a first come, first served basis. Each Norman homeowner can purchase up to twokits. For more information, call Environmental Services at 292-9731.
Try to do one thing each day to save water. Every drop counts and every person can make adifference.
For More Information
The Norman Utilities Authority members are also the elected mayor and citycouncil members. Their meetings are held at the same time as city councilmeetings and are open to the public.
Meeting schedule: Second and fourth Tuesday of each month at City Hall,beginning at 6:30 p.m.
The City of Norman Web Site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.ci.norman.ok.us
Vernon Campbell Water Treatment Plant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chris MattinglySuperintendent of Water Treatment
Phone (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding city services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Action CenterPhone (405) 366-5396 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water quality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bryan HapkeSupervisor of Water Treatment
Phone: (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Geri Wellborn
Senior Laboratory TechnicianPhone: (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water projects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bryan Mitchell, P.E.Capital Projects Engineer
Phone (405) 366-5426 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water or sewer lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lloyd DavisLine Maintenance Superintendent
Phone (405) 329-0703 • E-mail: [email protected]
Utilities Department. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 366-5443
Customer service/billing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 366-5320
Water/sewer emergency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 329-0703 (Daytime)(405) 321-2182 (After hours)
Water Rate Driven Household Water Conservation
To Our Citizens
The water supply available to a community constitutes its mostimportant and valuable asset. Each and every citizen of Normanuses water daily, giving little thought about treatment and deliv-ery of this essential ingredient in our lives. The Norman UtilitiesAuthority provides water to more than 90,000 citizens inNorman, with all of our water originating from one of threesources: Lake Thunderbird, the Garber-Wellington Aquifer orOklahoma City. Each source provides quality water for our drink-ing, bathing, cooking and general consumption needs.
In the year 2005, Norman produced nearly 4.5 billion gallonsof water. Staff has worked diligently to ensure the delivery of safedrinking water to the citizens of Norman. Water that meets orexceeds the requirements set by the state of OklahomaDepartment of Environmental Quality and the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency is the continual goal of thestaff.
As your Mayor, I invite you to ask questions of your municipalstaff regarding any current or future water concerns. Interestingchallenges await us as we continue to experience greater waterdemands. It is your support that we must possess as we work toaddress Norman’s water supply challenges.
Mayor Harold HaralsonChairmanNorman Utilities Authority
Water Consumption Information
In 2005, Norman experienced a 79.7 percent increase in water usage between themonths of February and July. The majority of this difference is the result of lifestylechanges associated with seasonal usage, including landscape irrigation.
Peak day usage occurred on Aug. 3, 2005, when 22.521 million gallons of waterwas consumed, equal to 247 gallons per person. Minimum water usage occurred onFeb. 1, 2005, when 9.289 million gallons of water was consumed – 91 gallons perperson.
The peak month consumption pattern is believed to have been positively impact-ed by the inverted water rate structure approved recently by Norman voters. The fulleffect of this rate structure related to conservation will be better assessed after severalmore hot, dry summers in Norman. For now there appears to be a positive impact onthe conservation of water used for irrigation. Evidence of this trend is depicted in the1998 and 2005 comparison of water consumption by single family residential homesin Norman in the Water Rate Driven Household Water Conservation section of thisdocument.
During 2005, the Oklahoma City treated water supply line was used on 33 sepa-rate days. The total amount of water consumed through this line was 32.362 milliongallons. During 2005, approximately 91,300 citizens were served by Norman’s watersystem.
Ongoing Water Projects
Water Well and Waterline ProjectThe Norman Utilities Authority is currently drilling 11 test holes and complet-
ing five new water wells to help meet current water demand requirements. Thesewells are located in east Norman. Each of the five wells will be completed duringthe summer of 2006. New wells being constructed will help replace water supplieslost due to non-compliant arsenic levels.
The design of waterlines connecting the new wells to the Norman water systemis complete. Construction of waterlines to these new sites will begin in early Apriland continue through the summertime. It is expected that three of the five produc-tion wells will be connected to Norman’s system by summertime, while the remain-ing two will connect into the system later in the summer months.
Water and Wastewater Cost of Service StudyWater quality and quantity are the biggest environmental issues we face in our
community. The Norman Utilities Authority has concluded a Cost of Service andRate Study of our water and wastewater systems. The study looked at all aspects ofour water and wastewater financial operations and suggested a rate structure thatwill allow the systems to meet future needs. Our city’s elected officials proposed anew water rate structure based on the study, which voters approved March 7, pro-viding new dollars for:☛ 15 replacement wells;☛ treating water for taste and odor;☛ Refurbishing existing water storage tanks;☛ Upgrading the Vernon Campbell Water Treatment Plant;☛ Replacing old waterlines;☛ Replacing a portion of the raw water line from Lake Thunderbird to the watertreatment plant.
Water Supply Information
In 2005, Norman utilized 125.4 percent of its permitted allocation from LakeThunderbird. Norman was allowed to withdraw more than our permitted alloca-tion from Lake Thunderbird because demands were less than permitted from bothMidwest City and Del City. Overdrawing one city’s allocation is allowed as long asthe total permit is not exceeded.
Our allocated withdrawal from Lake Thunderbird is 8.4 million gallons per day.In 2005, we treated an average of 10.6 million gallons of water per day from LakeThunderbird at our water treatment plant, for an annual total of 3.867 billion gallons.
Our average consumption of well water was 2.7 million gallons per day in 2005.We consumed a total of 987 million gallons of water from our wells in the Garber-Wellington Aquifer.
The
City
of N
orm
an20
1 W
est G
ray
• P.O
. Box
370
Norm
an, O
klah
oma
7306
9 • 7
3070
Pres
orte
d St
anda
rdU.
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Water Production By Month - 2005
Water Production -2005(Millions of Gallons)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Mill
ion
Gallo
ns
0
100
200
300
400
500
600Water Plant
Wells
Oklahoma City
0-1,000 Gallons
1,100-2,000 Gallons
2,100-15,000 Gallons
15,100-20,000 Gallons
More Than 20,000 Gallons
5%
5.94%
59.93%
9.75%
19.38%
July 1998
In 1998, before voters approved our current water rate structure, the follow-ing division of household usage by all household customers was experienced inthe month of July.
The following usage pattern was experienced in 2005. The percentage ofhousehold customers using greater than 15,000 gallons per month was reducedby almost 50 percent, indicating that our water consumption patterns areworking with some customers. Future year’s water consumption patterns hope-fully will show the continued success of our community efforts to conservewater.
0-1,000 Gallons
1,100-2,000 Gallons
2,100-15,000 Gallons
15,100-20,000 Gallons
More Than 20,000 Gallons
July 2005
6.81%
7.46%67.23%
7.64%
10.86%
How You Can Help Conserve Norman’s Water
Outdoor☛ Install rain gauges and freeze gauges on irrigation systems to prevent watering when it isnot necessary.☛ Watering the lawn and garden is more efficient in the early morning or at night when thesun won’t cause as much evaporation. Avoid sprinklers with fine mists; they increase evaporation.☛ Keep the grass two to three inches long to enhance root development with minimal watering.☛ Wash your car with soap and a bucket. Washing your car with a running hose uses morethan 100 gallons of water. Using a bucket and sponge cuts this figure by 90 percent.☛ Pay careful attention to sprinklers to keep water from getting on driveways, streets andsidewalks, where it is wasted. ☛ Use mulch in gardens to minimize weed growth, slow erosion and slow evaporative losses. ☛ Check for leaks in pipes, hoses, faucets, couplings and lawn sprinkler systems and repairthem immediately. Even a small drip can waste hundreds of gallons of water a day.
Indoor☛ Install low-flow showerheads. They are easy to install and save water and energy.☛ Install low-flush toilets or install a toilet tank displacement insert or dam to reduce the vol-ume of water in the tank and the amount used per flush. A plastic jug filled with water andplaced in the tank is an effective displacement device.☛ Check for leaks inside toilets, which can waste up to 200 gallons of water a day. Toilet leakscan be detected by adding a few drops of food coloring to water in the tank. If the coloredwater appears in the bowl, the toilet is leaking.☛ Never use the toilet as a wastebasket.☛ Operate the dishwasher and washing machines only when completely full. ☛ Don’t let the faucet run needlessly when brushing your teeth or shaving.
Conserving Water Means:☛ Our water bills will be lower for our homes and businesses.☛ We will save energy at home and at the office.☛ The community will save because the city will have less water and sewage to treat.☛ We will have a positive impact on the environment of our community.
Water Conservation Kits Are Available for $6 EachEach kit contains an easy-to-install, high quality low-flow showerhead, low-flow kitchen andbathroom aerators, toilet tank bank, leak detection dye tablets, washers, Teflon tape and aninstruction card. These kits may be purchased at the City of Norman utilities billing window,201 West Gray, Building C.
Homes built after 1994 already have low-flow devices installed as part of their plumbing.Houses built prior to 1994 would benefit most from the water conservation kits, which areavailable on a first come, first served basis. Each Norman homeowner can purchase up to twokits. For more information, call Environmental Services at 292-9731.
Try to do one thing each day to save water. Every drop counts and every person can make adifference.
For More Information
The Norman Utilities Authority members are also the elected mayor and citycouncil members. Their meetings are held at the same time as city councilmeetings and are open to the public.
Meeting schedule: Second and fourth Tuesday of each month at City Hall,beginning at 6:30 p.m.
The City of Norman Web Site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.ci.norman.ok.us
Vernon Campbell Water Treatment Plant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chris MattinglySuperintendent of Water Treatment
Phone (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding city services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Action CenterPhone (405) 366-5396 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water quality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bryan HapkeSupervisor of Water Treatment
Phone: (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Geri Wellborn
Senior Laboratory TechnicianPhone: (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water projects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bryan Mitchell, P.E.Capital Projects Engineer
Phone (405) 366-5426 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water or sewer lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lloyd DavisLine Maintenance Superintendent
Phone (405) 329-0703 • E-mail: [email protected]
Utilities Department. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 366-5443
Customer service/billing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 366-5320
Water/sewer emergency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 329-0703 (Daytime)(405) 321-2182 (After hours)
Water Rate Driven Household Water Conservation
To Our Citizens
The water supply available to a community constitutes its mostimportant and valuable asset. Each and every citizen of Normanuses water daily, giving little thought about treatment and deliv-ery of this essential ingredient in our lives. The Norman UtilitiesAuthority provides water to more than 90,000 citizens inNorman, with all of our water originating from one of threesources: Lake Thunderbird, the Garber-Wellington Aquifer orOklahoma City. Each source provides quality water for our drink-ing, bathing, cooking and general consumption needs.
In the year 2005, Norman produced nearly 4.5 billion gallonsof water. Staff has worked diligently to ensure the delivery of safedrinking water to the citizens of Norman. Water that meets orexceeds the requirements set by the state of OklahomaDepartment of Environmental Quality and the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency is the continual goal of thestaff.
As your Mayor, I invite you to ask questions of your municipalstaff regarding any current or future water concerns. Interestingchallenges await us as we continue to experience greater waterdemands. It is your support that we must possess as we work toaddress Norman’s water supply challenges.
Mayor Harold HaralsonChairmanNorman Utilities Authority
Water Consumption Information
In 2005, Norman experienced a 79.7 percent increase in water usage between themonths of February and July. The majority of this difference is the result of lifestylechanges associated with seasonal usage, including landscape irrigation.
Peak day usage occurred on Aug. 3, 2005, when 22.521 million gallons of waterwas consumed, equal to 247 gallons per person. Minimum water usage occurred onFeb. 1, 2005, when 9.289 million gallons of water was consumed – 91 gallons perperson.
The peak month consumption pattern is believed to have been positively impact-ed by the inverted water rate structure approved recently by Norman voters. The fulleffect of this rate structure related to conservation will be better assessed after severalmore hot, dry summers in Norman. For now there appears to be a positive impact onthe conservation of water used for irrigation. Evidence of this trend is depicted in the1998 and 2005 comparison of water consumption by single family residential homesin Norman in the Water Rate Driven Household Water Conservation section of thisdocument.
During 2005, the Oklahoma City treated water supply line was used on 33 sepa-rate days. The total amount of water consumed through this line was 32.362 milliongallons. During 2005, approximately 91,300 citizens were served by Norman’s watersystem.
Ongoing Water Projects
Water Well and Waterline ProjectThe Norman Utilities Authority is currently drilling 11 test holes and complet-
ing five new water wells to help meet current water demand requirements. Thesewells are located in east Norman. Each of the five wells will be completed duringthe summer of 2006. New wells being constructed will help replace water supplieslost due to non-compliant arsenic levels.
The design of waterlines connecting the new wells to the Norman water systemis complete. Construction of waterlines to these new sites will begin in early Apriland continue through the summertime. It is expected that three of the five produc-tion wells will be connected to Norman’s system by summertime, while the remain-ing two will connect into the system later in the summer months.
Water and Wastewater Cost of Service StudyWater quality and quantity are the biggest environmental issues we face in our
community. The Norman Utilities Authority has concluded a Cost of Service andRate Study of our water and wastewater systems. The study looked at all aspects ofour water and wastewater financial operations and suggested a rate structure thatwill allow the systems to meet future needs. Our city’s elected officials proposed anew water rate structure based on the study, which voters approved March 7, pro-viding new dollars for:☛ 15 replacement wells;☛ treating water for taste and odor;☛ Refurbishing existing water storage tanks;☛ Upgrading the Vernon Campbell Water Treatment Plant;☛ Replacing old waterlines;☛ Replacing a portion of the raw water line from Lake Thunderbird to the watertreatment plant.
Water Supply Information
In 2005, Norman utilized 125.4 percent of its permitted allocation from LakeThunderbird. Norman was allowed to withdraw more than our permitted alloca-tion from Lake Thunderbird because demands were less than permitted from bothMidwest City and Del City. Overdrawing one city’s allocation is allowed as long asthe total permit is not exceeded.
Our allocated withdrawal from Lake Thunderbird is 8.4 million gallons per day.In 2005, we treated an average of 10.6 million gallons of water per day from LakeThunderbird at our water treatment plant, for an annual total of 3.867 billion gallons.
Our average consumption of well water was 2.7 million gallons per day in 2005.We consumed a total of 987 million gallons of water from our wells in the Garber-Wellington Aquifer.
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Water Production By Month - 2005
Water Production -2005(Millions of Gallons)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Mill
ion
Gallo
ns
0
100
200
300
400
500
600Water Plant
Wells
Oklahoma City
0-1,000 Gallons
1,100-2,000 Gallons
2,100-15,000 Gallons
15,100-20,000 Gallons
More Than 20,000 Gallons
5%
5.94%
59.93%
9.75%
19.38%
July 1998
In 1998, before voters approved our current water rate structure, the follow-ing division of household usage by all household customers was experienced inthe month of July.
The following usage pattern was experienced in 2005. The percentage ofhousehold customers using greater than 15,000 gallons per month was reducedby almost 50 percent, indicating that our water consumption patterns areworking with some customers. Future year’s water consumption patterns hope-fully will show the continued success of our community efforts to conservewater.
0-1,000 Gallons
1,100-2,000 Gallons
2,100-15,000 Gallons
15,100-20,000 Gallons
More Than 20,000 Gallons
July 2005
6.81%
7.46%
67.23%7.64%
10.86%
Settling - The process in which solid particles settle out or precipitate from the water. This occurs in a sedimentation basin.
Recarbonation - Adjustment of water’s pH with carbon dioxide to ensure that the water is neither corrosive nor overly depositing.
Fluoridation - A controlled addition of fluoride to the water to prevent cavities in children’s teeth.
Filtration - Passing water through material such as a bed of sand, coal or carbon to remove particles such as fine silt or floc particles.
Storage - Treated water is stored at the water treatment plant to provide an additional supply when demand exceeds production rates.
Pump - Water is pumped from the plant into the City of Norman distribution system.
Lake Thunderbird - Built in 1962, it is operated by the Central Oklahoma Master Conservancy District (COMCD). Norman, Midwest City and Del City are partners in COMCD.
Raw water pumping - COMCD pumps water from Lake Thunderbird to the three cities.
Raw water transmission - COMCD delivers water through a 33” diameter water main. The line was constructed in 1965.
Disinfection - A process used to kill microorganisms in water, including essentially all disease-causing bacteria.
Coagulation - The clumping of very fine particles and larger particles through the use of chemicals (coagulants). Clumping makes it easier to separate solids from water by settling or filtering.
Flocculation - Gathering fine particles after coagulation to form larger particles by a process of gentle mixing.
A Note About Arsenic
Arsenic is a naturally occurring mineral present in the Garber-Wellington Aquifer. In Norman’s case, its pres-ence in our groundwater results from the erosion of natural deposits accumulated during the formation of theaquifer millions of years ago. Contamination by man is not to blame; only nature gets credit for its presence inour water.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency now defines the maximum contaminant level (MCL) at 10 partsper billion (ppb) for arsenic. The City of Norman is in compliance with the 10 ppb MCL. The UtilitiesAuthority is currently drilling 10 replacement wells that will provide Norman with drinking water that meets allof the EPA guidelines for safe drinking water.
While your drinking water meets EPA’s standards, it does contain low levels of arsenic. EPA’s standard bal-ances the current understanding of arsenic’s possible health effects against the cost of removing arsenic fromdrinking water. EPA continues to research the health effects of low levels of arsenic, which is known to causecancer at high concentrations and is linked to other health effects, such as skin damage and circulatory problems.
Some people who drink water containing arsenic in excess of the MCL over many years could experienceskin damage or problems with their circulatory system and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Safe Water for Norman
Disinfection - Norman uses a combination of chlorine and ammonia to disinfect the water being treatedfrom Lake Thunderbird. This process produces a chlorine residual that travels throughout Norman’s water dis-tribution system. The presence of chlorine protects our system from bacterial growth. Well water is naturallyfree of harmful bacteria and does not require chlorination.
About source water - Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain atleast small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate thatwater poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained bycalling the Environmental Protections Agency’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791.
Advisory note from the EPA - Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking waterthan the general population. Immuno-compromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoingchemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune systemdisorders, some elderly and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek adviceabout drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen therisk of infection by cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the Safe DrinkingWater Hotline at (800) 426-4791.
Contaminants That May Be Present in Source Water Before Treatment Include:
Microbial Contaminants - such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants,septic systems, agricultural livestock operations and wildlife.
Inorganic Compounds - such as salts and metals, which can occur naturally or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining or farming.
Pesticides and Herbicides - which may come from a variety of sources, such as agricultural and residentialuses.
Radioactive Contaminants - which occur naturally.Organic Chemical Contaminants - including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are byprod-
ucts of industrial processes and petroleum production and can also come from gas stations, urban storm waterrunoff and septic systems.
MCL - Maximum Contaminant Level - The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed indrinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible, using the best available treatmenttechnology • MCLG - Maximum Contaminant Level Goal - The level of a contaminant in drink-ing water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin ofsafety • MRDL - Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level - The highest level of a disinfectantallowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary forcontrol of microbial contaminants. Compliance with the MRDL is calculated as a Running AnnualAverage (RAA) • MRDLG - Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal - The level of a drinkingwater disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect thebenefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contamination • RAA - Running AnnualAverage - The average of the last 12 months or last four quarters that a facility is in operation • AL -Action Level • TT - Treatment Technique - A required process intended to reduce the level of a con-taminant in drinking water • NTU -Nephelometric Turbidity Units - a measure of clarity • pCi/L -Picocuries per liter - a measure of radioactivity • ppm - parts per million, or milligrams per liter(mg/L) • ppb - part per billion, or micrograms per liter (ul/L). • CFU - Colony Forming Units •< less than • > greater than.
Distribution System -There are more than 430 miles of water lines and
approximately 28,000 connections to Norman’s water distribution system.
Wells - Norman’s 31 wells remove water from the Garber-Wellington Aquifer. Well water is pumped directly into the distribution system. Water purity from the existing wells is such that no treatment is necessary.
Water Towers - Norman has five water towers with a combined storage capacity of 5 million gallons. Towers help to maintain water pressure during times of varying demand. Towers also help with fire protection by providing an available water supply at any given time.
Your Home - Finally water arrives at your tap after being pumped, treated and disinfected. Your enjoyment in using water is ensured by the city of Norman’s staff. Enjoy!
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Norman Water Utilities Water Quality Summary - 2005 - Detected Contaminant Tables(Includes Water Wells, Distribution System and Water Treatment Plant)
Microbial ContaminantsParameter Compliance Period Level DetectedColiform, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
TurbidityParameter Date Highest Average Monthly ValueTurbidity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . June 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0%
Highest Single MeasurementFeb. 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.16 NTU
Total Organic CarbonParameter Date Average of Required % Removal Range of Actual % RemovalTotal Organic Carbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25%-38%
Nitrate and Radioactive ContaminantsParameter Date Level Detected Range DetectedNitrate+Nitrite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.438 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0.82 ug/LNitrate (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0 ug/LNitrate (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.40 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0.83ug/LGross Beta Particle Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8-3.0 ug/LGross Alpha, Including RA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.28 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.23-0.34 ug/L
Inorganic ContaminantsParameter Date Level Detected Range DetectedArsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-77 ug/LBarium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-795 ug/LFluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.75 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1-4.66 ug/LSelenium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-38 ug/LChromium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-86 ug/L
Lead and Copper 90% Values and Samples Above the Action LevelParameter Date Level DetectedCopper 90th % Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0122 mg/L
Disinfection By Product ContaminantsParameter Date Maximum Running Annual Average Range DetectedTotal Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3-6.5 ug/L
Monitoring ViolationsParameter Compliance period Violation Type ExplanationTotal Carbon (TOC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3rd quarter 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . Inadequate DBP Precursor Removal . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Alkalinity, Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Fluoride. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3rd quarter 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Chloramine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . 90 routine samples are required each month. 82 routine samples and 12 repeat samples were collected. Coliform, Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . 90 routine samples are required each month. 82 routine samples and 12 repeat samples were collected.
Major Sources Of ContaminantsParameter Units MCLG MCL Major Sources in Drinking WaterNitrite-Nitrate . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . Runoff from fertilizer use; leaching from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits.Fluoride - Total . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . Erosion of natural deposits; water additive which promotes strong teeth; discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories.Arsenic - Total . . . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Erosion of natural deposits; runoff from orchards; runoff from glass and electronics production wastes.Barium - Total . . . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . 2000 . . . . . . Discharge from drilling wastes; discharge from metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits.Chromium - Total. . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . . . 100. . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 . . . . . . Discharge from steel and pulp mills; erosion of natural deposits.Selenium - Total . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Discharge from petroleum and metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from mines.Lead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . AL=15 . . . . . Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits.Copper . . . . . . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . AL=1.3 . . . . . Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits.Turbidity . . . . . . . . . . . . NTU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TT=>0.3 is not . . Soil runoff.
more than 5% of samples
Total Organic Carbon. . . ppm . . . . . . TT=ratio must be . . . Average of the . . Naturally occuring.greater or equal to monthly ratios
1.00 for compliance of TOC removalto required TOC
Gross Alpha . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 . . . . . . . Decay of natural and man-made deposits.Gross Beta . . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Radium 226 . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Coliform. . . . . . . . . . . . . CFU . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0. . . . . . . . . <5% of samples. . Naturally present in environment.
Parameter Units MRDL Major Sources in Drinking WaterChloramine . . . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water additive to control microbes.Total Trihaolmethanes . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . 80 (RAA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Byproduct of drinking water chlorination.Haloacetic Acid . . . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . 60 (RAA)
Oklahoma City Water Utilities Water Quality Summary - 2005 - Detected Contaminants TablesNorman has a connection to the Oklahoma City water system for use during emergencies or peak demand periods. This connection is exercisedregularly, but in normal situations we get a very small fraction of our total water from Oklahoma City. There is a slight chance that you mayreceive some Oklahoma CIty Water on rare occasions. Their water quality data is listed in the table below.
Microbial ContaminantsLocation Compliance Period Level Detected
Distribution System - Coliform, Total . . . . . . . . . Aug. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Turbidity
Date Highest Average Monthly ValueHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jan. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.53%Overholser WTP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.55%Draper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.11%
Highest Single MeasurementHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mar. 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.7 NTUOverholser WTP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 NTUDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.52 NTU
Total Organic Carbon*Date Average of Required % Removal Range of Actual % Removal
Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-54%Overholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36-50%Draper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9-28%
Nitrate and Radioactive ContaminantsNitrate+Nitrite Date Level Detected Range Detected
Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.46 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.46-0.46 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.45 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.45-0.45 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0-1.0 ug/L
Gross Beta Particle ActivityHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3-5.8 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3-7.3 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0-2.1 ug/L
Gross Alpha,Including RA Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.80 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50-1.2 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.70 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.70-0.70 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.20 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.15-0.26 ug/L
Lead and Copper 90% Values and Samples Above the Action Level
Parameter Date Level DetectedDistribution System Copper 90th % Value . . . . . . . 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.17 mg/L
Disinfection Byproduct ContaminantsParameter Date Maximum Running Annual Average Range Detected
Hefner - Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ug/LBromate* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 ug/L
Overholser Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-47 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40-78 ug/L
Draper - Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-47 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-108 ug/L
* Total Organic Carbon (TOC)note: TOC has no health effects.However, TOC provides a mediumfor the formation of disinfectionbyproducts. These byproductsinclude trihalomethanes (THMs)and haloacetic acids (HAAs).Drinking water containing thesebyproducts in excess of the MCL(maximum contaminant level) maylead to adverse health effects.TOC compliance is based on thepercent TOC removal, not the totalamount present. The starting TOCat the Draper Treatment Facility islow, therefore the potential for for-mation of THMs and HAAs is low.The THM and HAA values for theDraper Treatment Facility arebelow the MCL, which is currentlyconsidered a safe level for thesedisinfection byproducts. The tablerepresents the running annualaverage for 2005. Compliance iscalculated using a running annualaverage, which includes data from2004, as well as from 2005.
** Bromate health note: Somepeople who drink water containingbromate in excess of the MCLover many years may have anincreased risk of getting cancer.
Monitoring frequency note: Thestate allows us to monitor forsome contaminants less than onceper year because the concentra-tions do not change frequently.Some of our data, though repre-sentative, are more than one yearold.
Settling - The process in which solid particles settle out or precipitate from the water. This occurs in a sedimentation basin.
Recarbonation - Adjustment of water’s pH with carbon dioxide to ensure that the water is neither corrosive nor overly depositing.
Fluoridation - A controlled addition of fluoride to the water to prevent cavities in children’s teeth.
Filtration - Passing water through material such as a bed of sand, coal or carbon to remove particles such as fine silt or floc particles.
Storage - Treated water is stored at the water treatment plant to provide an additional supply when demand exceeds production rates.
Pump - Water is pumped from the plant into the City of Norman distribution system.
Lake Thunderbird - Built in 1962, it is operated by the Central Oklahoma Master Conservancy District (COMCD). Norman, Midwest City and Del City are partners in COMCD.
Raw water pumping - COMCD pumps water from Lake Thunderbird to the three cities.
Raw water transmission - COMCD delivers water through a 33” diameter water main. The line was constructed in 1965.
Disinfection - A process used to kill microorganisms in water, including essentially all disease-causing bacteria.
Coagulation - The clumping of very fine particles and larger particles through the use of chemicals (coagulants). Clumping makes it easier to separate solids from water by settling or filtering.
Flocculation - Gathering fine particles after coagulation to form larger particles by a process of gentle mixing.
A Note About Arsenic
Arsenic is a naturally occurring mineral present in the Garber-Wellington Aquifer. In Norman’s case, its pres-ence in our groundwater results from the erosion of natural deposits accumulated during the formation of theaquifer millions of years ago. Contamination by man is not to blame; only nature gets credit for its presence inour water.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency now defines the maximum contaminant level (MCL) at 10 partsper billion (ppb) for arsenic. The City of Norman is in compliance with the 10 ppb MCL. The UtilitiesAuthority is currently drilling 10 replacement wells that will provide Norman with drinking water that meets allof the EPA guidelines for safe drinking water.
While your drinking water meets EPA’s standards, it does contain low levels of arsenic. EPA’s standard bal-ances the current understanding of arsenic’s possible health effects against the cost of removing arsenic fromdrinking water. EPA continues to research the health effects of low levels of arsenic, which is known to causecancer at high concentrations and is linked to other health effects, such as skin damage and circulatory problems.
Some people who drink water containing arsenic in excess of the MCL over many years could experienceskin damage or problems with their circulatory system and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Safe Water for Norman
Disinfection - Norman uses a combination of chlorine and ammonia to disinfect the water being treatedfrom Lake Thunderbird. This process produces a chlorine residual that travels throughout Norman’s water dis-tribution system. The presence of chlorine protects our system from bacterial growth. Well water is naturallyfree of harmful bacteria and does not require chlorination.
About source water - Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain atleast small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate thatwater poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained bycalling the Environmental Protections Agency’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791.
Advisory note from the EPA - Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking waterthan the general population. Immuno-compromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoingchemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune systemdisorders, some elderly and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek adviceabout drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen therisk of infection by cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the Safe DrinkingWater Hotline at (800) 426-4791.
Contaminants That May Be Present in Source Water Before Treatment Include:
Microbial Contaminants - such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants,septic systems, agricultural livestock operations and wildlife.
Inorganic Compounds - such as salts and metals, which can occur naturally or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining or farming.
Pesticides and Herbicides - which may come from a variety of sources, such as agricultural and residentialuses.
Radioactive Contaminants - which occur naturally.Organic Chemical Contaminants - including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are byprod-
ucts of industrial processes and petroleum production and can also come from gas stations, urban storm waterrunoff and septic systems.
MCL - Maximum Contaminant Level - The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed indrinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible, using the best available treatmenttechnology • MCLG - Maximum Contaminant Level Goal - The level of a contaminant in drink-ing water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin ofsafety • MRDL - Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level - The highest level of a disinfectantallowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary forcontrol of microbial contaminants. Compliance with the MRDL is calculated as a Running AnnualAverage (RAA) • MRDLG - Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal - The level of a drinkingwater disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect thebenefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contamination • RAA - Running AnnualAverage - The average of the last 12 months or last four quarters that a facility is in operation • AL -Action Level • TT - Treatment Technique - A required process intended to reduce the level of a con-taminant in drinking water • NTU -Nephelometric Turbidity Units - a measure of clarity • pCi/L -Picocuries per liter - a measure of radioactivity • ppm - parts per million, or milligrams per liter(mg/L) • ppb - part per billion, or micrograms per liter (ul/L). • CFU - Colony Forming Units •< less than • > greater than.
Distribution System -There are more than 430 miles of water lines and
approximately 28,000 connections to Norman’s water distribution system.
Wells - Norman’s 31 wells remove water from the Garber-Wellington Aquifer. Well water is pumped directly into the distribution system. Water purity from the existing wells is such that no treatment is necessary.
Water Towers - Norman has five water towers with a combined storage capacity of 5 million gallons. Towers help to maintain water pressure during times of varying demand. Towers also help with fire protection by providing an available water supply at any given time.
Your Home - Finally water arrives at your tap after being pumped, treated and disinfected. Your enjoyment in using water is ensured by the city of Norman’s staff. Enjoy!
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Definitions
Norman Water Utilities Water Quality Summary - 2005 - Detected Contaminant Tables(Includes Water Wells, Distribution System and Water Treatment Plant)
Microbial ContaminantsParameter Compliance Period Level DetectedColiform, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
TurbidityParameter Date Highest Average Monthly ValueTurbidity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . June 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0%
Highest Single MeasurementFeb. 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.16 NTU
Total Organic CarbonParameter Date Average of Required % Removal Range of Actual % RemovalTotal Organic Carbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25%-38%
Nitrate and Radioactive ContaminantsParameter Date Level Detected Range DetectedNitrate+Nitrite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.438 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0.82 ug/LNitrate (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0 ug/LNitrate (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.40 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0.83ug/LGross Beta Particle Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8-3.0 ug/LGross Alpha, Including RA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.28 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.23-0.34 ug/L
Inorganic ContaminantsParameter Date Level Detected Range DetectedArsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-77 ug/LBarium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-795 ug/LFluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.75 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1-4.66 ug/LSelenium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-38 ug/LChromium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-86 ug/L
Lead and Copper 90% Values and Samples Above the Action LevelParameter Date Level DetectedCopper 90th % Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0122 mg/L
Disinfection By Product ContaminantsParameter Date Maximum Running Annual Average Range DetectedTotal Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3-6.5 ug/L
Monitoring ViolationsParameter Compliance period Violation Type ExplanationTotal Carbon (TOC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3rd quarter 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . Inadequate DBP Precursor Removal . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Alkalinity, Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Fluoride. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3rd quarter 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Chloramine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . 90 routine samples are required each month. 82 routine samples and 12 repeat samples were collected. Coliform, Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . 90 routine samples are required each month. 82 routine samples and 12 repeat samples were collected.
Major Sources Of ContaminantsParameter Units MCLG MCL Major Sources in Drinking WaterNitrite-Nitrate . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . Runoff from fertilizer use; leaching from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits.Fluoride - Total . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . Erosion of natural deposits; water additive which promotes strong teeth; discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories.Arsenic - Total . . . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Erosion of natural deposits; runoff from orchards; runoff from glass and electronics production wastes.Barium - Total . . . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . 2000 . . . . . . Discharge from drilling wastes; discharge from metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits.Chromium - Total. . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . . . 100. . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 . . . . . . Discharge from steel and pulp mills; erosion of natural deposits.Selenium - Total . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Discharge from petroleum and metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from mines.Lead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . AL=15 . . . . . Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits.Copper . . . . . . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . AL=1.3 . . . . . Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits.Turbidity . . . . . . . . . . . . NTU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TT=>0.3 is not . . Soil runoff.
more than 5% of samples
Total Organic Carbon. . . ppm . . . . . . TT=ratio must be . . . Average of the . . Naturally occuring.greater or equal to monthly ratios
1.00 for compliance of TOC removalto required TOC
Gross Alpha . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 . . . . . . . Decay of natural and man-made deposits.Gross Beta . . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Radium 226 . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Coliform. . . . . . . . . . . . . CFU . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0. . . . . . . . . <5% of samples. . Naturally present in environment.
Parameter Units MRDL Major Sources in Drinking WaterChloramine . . . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water additive to control microbes.Total Trihaolmethanes . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . 80 (RAA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Byproduct of drinking water chlorination.Haloacetic Acid . . . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . 60 (RAA)
Oklahoma City Water Utilities Water Quality Summary - 2005 - Detected Contaminants TablesNorman has a connection to the Oklahoma City water system for use during emergencies or peak demand periods. This connection is exercisedregularly, but in normal situations we get a very small fraction of our total water from Oklahoma City. There is a slight chance that you mayreceive some Oklahoma CIty Water on rare occasions. Their water quality data is listed in the table below.
Microbial ContaminantsLocation Compliance Period Level Detected
Distribution System - Coliform, Total . . . . . . . . . Aug. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Turbidity
Date Highest Average Monthly ValueHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jan. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.53%Overholser WTP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.55%Draper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.11%
Highest Single MeasurementHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mar. 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.7 NTUOverholser WTP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 NTUDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.52 NTU
Total Organic Carbon*Date Average of Required % Removal Range of Actual % Removal
Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-54%Overholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36-50%Draper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9-28%
Nitrate and Radioactive ContaminantsNitrate+Nitrite Date Level Detected Range Detected
Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.46 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.46-0.46 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.45 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.45-0.45 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0-1.0 ug/L
Gross Beta Particle ActivityHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3-5.8 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3-7.3 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0-2.1 ug/L
Gross Alpha,Including RA Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.80 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50-1.2 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.70 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.70-0.70 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.20 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.15-0.26 ug/L
Lead and Copper 90% Values and Samples Above the Action Level
Parameter Date Level DetectedDistribution System Copper 90th % Value . . . . . . . 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.17 mg/L
Disinfection Byproduct ContaminantsParameter Date Maximum Running Annual Average Range Detected
Hefner - Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ug/LBromate* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 ug/L
Overholser Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-47 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40-78 ug/L
Draper - Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-47 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-108 ug/L
* Total Organic Carbon (TOC)note: TOC has no health effects.However, TOC provides a mediumfor the formation of disinfectionbyproducts. These byproductsinclude trihalomethanes (THMs)and haloacetic acids (HAAs).Drinking water containing thesebyproducts in excess of the MCL(maximum contaminant level) maylead to adverse health effects.TOC compliance is based on thepercent TOC removal, not the totalamount present. The starting TOCat the Draper Treatment Facility islow, therefore the potential for for-mation of THMs and HAAs is low.The THM and HAA values for theDraper Treatment Facility arebelow the MCL, which is currentlyconsidered a safe level for thesedisinfection byproducts. The tablerepresents the running annualaverage for 2005. Compliance iscalculated using a running annualaverage, which includes data from2004, as well as from 2005.
** Bromate health note: Somepeople who drink water containingbromate in excess of the MCLover many years may have anincreased risk of getting cancer.
Monitoring frequency note: Thestate allows us to monitor forsome contaminants less than onceper year because the concentra-tions do not change frequently.Some of our data, though repre-sentative, are more than one yearold.
Settling - The process in which solid particles settle out or precipitate from the water. This occurs in a sedimentation basin.
Recarbonation - Adjustment of water’s pH with carbon dioxide to ensure that the water is neither corrosive nor overly depositing.
Fluoridation - A controlled addition of fluoride to the water to prevent cavities in children’s teeth.
Filtration - Passing water through material such as a bed of sand, coal or carbon to remove particles such as fine silt or floc particles.
Storage - Treated water is stored at the water treatment plant to provide an additional supply when demand exceeds production rates.
Pump - Water is pumped from the plant into the City of Norman distribution system.
Lake Thunderbird - Built in 1962, it is operated by the Central Oklahoma Master Conservancy District (COMCD). Norman, Midwest City and Del City are partners in COMCD.
Raw water pumping - COMCD pumps water from Lake Thunderbird to the three cities.
Raw water transmission - COMCD delivers water through a 33” diameter water main. The line was constructed in 1965.
Disinfection - A process used to kill microorganisms in water, including essentially all disease-causing bacteria.
Coagulation - The clumping of very fine particles and larger particles through the use of chemicals (coagulants). Clumping makes it easier to separate solids from water by settling or filtering.
Flocculation - Gathering fine particles after coagulation to form larger particles by a process of gentle mixing.
A Note About Arsenic
Arsenic is a naturally occurring mineral present in the Garber-Wellington Aquifer. In Norman’s case, its pres-ence in our groundwater results from the erosion of natural deposits accumulated during the formation of theaquifer millions of years ago. Contamination by man is not to blame; only nature gets credit for its presence inour water.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency now defines the maximum contaminant level (MCL) at 10 partsper billion (ppb) for arsenic. The City of Norman is in compliance with the 10 ppb MCL. The UtilitiesAuthority is currently drilling 10 replacement wells that will provide Norman with drinking water that meets allof the EPA guidelines for safe drinking water.
While your drinking water meets EPA’s standards, it does contain low levels of arsenic. EPA’s standard bal-ances the current understanding of arsenic’s possible health effects against the cost of removing arsenic fromdrinking water. EPA continues to research the health effects of low levels of arsenic, which is known to causecancer at high concentrations and is linked to other health effects, such as skin damage and circulatory problems.
Some people who drink water containing arsenic in excess of the MCL over many years could experienceskin damage or problems with their circulatory system and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Safe Water for Norman
Disinfection - Norman uses a combination of chlorine and ammonia to disinfect the water being treatedfrom Lake Thunderbird. This process produces a chlorine residual that travels throughout Norman’s water dis-tribution system. The presence of chlorine protects our system from bacterial growth. Well water is naturallyfree of harmful bacteria and does not require chlorination.
About source water - Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain atleast small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate thatwater poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained bycalling the Environmental Protections Agency’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791.
Advisory note from the EPA - Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking waterthan the general population. Immuno-compromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoingchemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune systemdisorders, some elderly and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek adviceabout drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen therisk of infection by cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the Safe DrinkingWater Hotline at (800) 426-4791.
Contaminants That May Be Present in Source Water Before Treatment Include:
Microbial Contaminants - such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants,septic systems, agricultural livestock operations and wildlife.
Inorganic Compounds - such as salts and metals, which can occur naturally or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining or farming.
Pesticides and Herbicides - which may come from a variety of sources, such as agricultural and residentialuses.
Radioactive Contaminants - which occur naturally.Organic Chemical Contaminants - including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are byprod-
ucts of industrial processes and petroleum production and can also come from gas stations, urban storm waterrunoff and septic systems.
MCL - Maximum Contaminant Level - The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed indrinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible, using the best available treatmenttechnology • MCLG - Maximum Contaminant Level Goal - The level of a contaminant in drink-ing water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin ofsafety • MRDL - Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level - The highest level of a disinfectantallowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary forcontrol of microbial contaminants. Compliance with the MRDL is calculated as a Running AnnualAverage (RAA) • MRDLG - Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal - The level of a drinkingwater disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect thebenefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contamination • RAA - Running AnnualAverage - The average of the last 12 months or last four quarters that a facility is in operation • AL -Action Level • TT - Treatment Technique - A required process intended to reduce the level of a con-taminant in drinking water • NTU -Nephelometric Turbidity Units - a measure of clarity • pCi/L -Picocuries per liter - a measure of radioactivity • ppm - parts per million, or milligrams per liter(mg/L) • ppb - part per billion, or micrograms per liter (ul/L). • CFU - Colony Forming Units •< less than • > greater than.
Distribution System -There are more than 430 miles of water lines and
approximately 28,000 connections to Norman’s water distribution system.
Wells - Norman’s 31 wells remove water from the Garber-Wellington Aquifer. Well water is pumped directly into the distribution system. Water purity from the existing wells is such that no treatment is necessary.
Water Towers - Norman has five water towers with a combined storage capacity of 5 million gallons. Towers help to maintain water pressure during times of varying demand. Towers also help with fire protection by providing an available water supply at any given time.
Your Home - Finally water arrives at your tap after being pumped, treated and disinfected. Your enjoyment in using water is ensured by the city of Norman’s staff. Enjoy!
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Definitions
Norman Water Utilities Water Quality Summary - 2005 - Detected Contaminant Tables(Includes Water Wells, Distribution System and Water Treatment Plant)
Microbial ContaminantsParameter Compliance Period Level DetectedColiform, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
TurbidityParameter Date Highest Average Monthly ValueTurbidity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . June 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0%
Highest Single MeasurementFeb. 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.16 NTU
Total Organic CarbonParameter Date Average of Required % Removal Range of Actual % RemovalTotal Organic Carbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25%-38%
Nitrate and Radioactive ContaminantsParameter Date Level Detected Range DetectedNitrate+Nitrite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.438 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0.82 ug/LNitrate (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0 ug/LNitrate (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.40 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0.83ug/LGross Beta Particle Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8-3.0 ug/LGross Alpha, Including RA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.28 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.23-0.34 ug/L
Inorganic ContaminantsParameter Date Level Detected Range DetectedArsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-77 ug/LBarium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-795 ug/LFluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.75 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1-4.66 ug/LSelenium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-38 ug/LChromium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-86 ug/L
Lead and Copper 90% Values and Samples Above the Action LevelParameter Date Level DetectedCopper 90th % Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0122 mg/L
Disinfection By Product ContaminantsParameter Date Maximum Running Annual Average Range DetectedTotal Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3-6.5 ug/L
Monitoring ViolationsParameter Compliance period Violation Type ExplanationTotal Carbon (TOC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3rd quarter 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . Inadequate DBP Precursor Removal . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Alkalinity, Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Fluoride. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3rd quarter 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Chloramine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . 90 routine samples are required each month. 82 routine samples and 12 repeat samples were collected. Coliform, Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . 90 routine samples are required each month. 82 routine samples and 12 repeat samples were collected.
Major Sources Of ContaminantsParameter Units MCLG MCL Major Sources in Drinking WaterNitrite-Nitrate . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . Runoff from fertilizer use; leaching from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits.Fluoride - Total . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . Erosion of natural deposits; water additive which promotes strong teeth; discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories.Arsenic - Total . . . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Erosion of natural deposits; runoff from orchards; runoff from glass and electronics production wastes.Barium - Total . . . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . 2000 . . . . . . Discharge from drilling wastes; discharge from metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits.Chromium - Total. . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . . . 100. . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 . . . . . . Discharge from steel and pulp mills; erosion of natural deposits.Selenium - Total . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Discharge from petroleum and metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from mines.Lead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . AL=15 . . . . . Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits.Copper . . . . . . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . AL=1.3 . . . . . Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits.Turbidity . . . . . . . . . . . . NTU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TT=>0.3 is not . . Soil runoff.
more than 5% of samples
Total Organic Carbon. . . ppm . . . . . . TT=ratio must be . . . Average of the . . Naturally occuring.greater or equal to monthly ratios
1.00 for compliance of TOC removalto required TOC
Gross Alpha . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 . . . . . . . Decay of natural and man-made deposits.Gross Beta . . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Radium 226 . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Coliform. . . . . . . . . . . . . CFU . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0. . . . . . . . . <5% of samples. . Naturally present in environment.
Parameter Units MRDL Major Sources in Drinking WaterChloramine . . . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water additive to control microbes.Total Trihaolmethanes . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . 80 (RAA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Byproduct of drinking water chlorination.Haloacetic Acid . . . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . 60 (RAA)
Oklahoma City Water Utilities Water Quality Summary - 2005 - Detected Contaminants TablesNorman has a connection to the Oklahoma City water system for use during emergencies or peak demand periods. This connection is exercisedregularly, but in normal situations we get a very small fraction of our total water from Oklahoma City. There is a slight chance that you mayreceive some Oklahoma CIty Water on rare occasions. Their water quality data is listed in the table below.
Microbial ContaminantsLocation Compliance Period Level Detected
Distribution System - Coliform, Total . . . . . . . . . Aug. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Turbidity
Date Highest Average Monthly ValueHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jan. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.53%Overholser WTP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.55%Draper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.11%
Highest Single MeasurementHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mar. 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.7 NTUOverholser WTP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 NTUDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.52 NTU
Total Organic Carbon*Date Average of Required % Removal Range of Actual % Removal
Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-54%Overholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36-50%Draper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9-28%
Nitrate and Radioactive ContaminantsNitrate+Nitrite Date Level Detected Range Detected
Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.46 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.46-0.46 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.45 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.45-0.45 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0-1.0 ug/L
Gross Beta Particle ActivityHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3-5.8 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3-7.3 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0-2.1 ug/L
Gross Alpha,Including RA Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.80 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50-1.2 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.70 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.70-0.70 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.20 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.15-0.26 ug/L
Lead and Copper 90% Values and Samples Above the Action Level
Parameter Date Level DetectedDistribution System Copper 90th % Value . . . . . . . 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.17 mg/L
Disinfection Byproduct ContaminantsParameter Date Maximum Running Annual Average Range Detected
Hefner - Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ug/LBromate* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 ug/L
Overholser Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-47 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40-78 ug/L
Draper - Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-47 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-108 ug/L
* Total Organic Carbon (TOC)note: TOC has no health effects.However, TOC provides a mediumfor the formation of disinfectionbyproducts. These byproductsinclude trihalomethanes (THMs)and haloacetic acids (HAAs).Drinking water containing thesebyproducts in excess of the MCL(maximum contaminant level) maylead to adverse health effects.TOC compliance is based on thepercent TOC removal, not the totalamount present. The starting TOCat the Draper Treatment Facility islow, therefore the potential for for-mation of THMs and HAAs is low.The THM and HAA values for theDraper Treatment Facility arebelow the MCL, which is currentlyconsidered a safe level for thesedisinfection byproducts. The tablerepresents the running annualaverage for 2005. Compliance iscalculated using a running annualaverage, which includes data from2004, as well as from 2005.
** Bromate health note: Somepeople who drink water containingbromate in excess of the MCLover many years may have anincreased risk of getting cancer.
Monitoring frequency note: Thestate allows us to monitor forsome contaminants less than onceper year because the concentra-tions do not change frequently.Some of our data, though repre-sentative, are more than one yearold.
Settling - The process in which solid particles settle out or precipitate from the water. This occurs in a sedimentation basin.
Recarbonation - Adjustment of water’s pH with carbon dioxide to ensure that the water is neither corrosive nor overly depositing.
Fluoridation - A controlled addition of fluoride to the water to prevent cavities in children’s teeth.
Filtration - Passing water through material such as a bed of sand, coal or carbon to remove particles such as fine silt or floc particles.
Storage - Treated water is stored at the water treatment plant to provide an additional supply when demand exceeds production rates.
Pump - Water is pumped from the plant into the City of Norman distribution system.
Lake Thunderbird - Built in 1962, it is operated by the Central Oklahoma Master Conservancy District (COMCD). Norman, Midwest City and Del City are partners in COMCD.
Raw water pumping - COMCD pumps water from Lake Thunderbird to the three cities.
Raw water transmission - COMCD delivers water through a 33” diameter water main. The line was constructed in 1965.
Disinfection - A process used to kill microorganisms in water, including essentially all disease-causing bacteria.
Coagulation - The clumping of very fine particles and larger particles through the use of chemicals (coagulants). Clumping makes it easier to separate solids from water by settling or filtering.
Flocculation - Gathering fine particles after coagulation to form larger particles by a process of gentle mixing.
A Note About Arsenic
Arsenic is a naturally occurring mineral present in the Garber-Wellington Aquifer. In Norman’s case, its pres-ence in our groundwater results from the erosion of natural deposits accumulated during the formation of theaquifer millions of years ago. Contamination by man is not to blame; only nature gets credit for its presence inour water.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency now defines the maximum contaminant level (MCL) at 10 partsper billion (ppb) for arsenic. The City of Norman is in compliance with the 10 ppb MCL. The UtilitiesAuthority is currently drilling 10 replacement wells that will provide Norman with drinking water that meets allof the EPA guidelines for safe drinking water.
While your drinking water meets EPA’s standards, it does contain low levels of arsenic. EPA’s standard bal-ances the current understanding of arsenic’s possible health effects against the cost of removing arsenic fromdrinking water. EPA continues to research the health effects of low levels of arsenic, which is known to causecancer at high concentrations and is linked to other health effects, such as skin damage and circulatory problems.
Some people who drink water containing arsenic in excess of the MCL over many years could experienceskin damage or problems with their circulatory system and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Safe Water for Norman
Disinfection - Norman uses a combination of chlorine and ammonia to disinfect the water being treatedfrom Lake Thunderbird. This process produces a chlorine residual that travels throughout Norman’s water dis-tribution system. The presence of chlorine protects our system from bacterial growth. Well water is naturallyfree of harmful bacteria and does not require chlorination.
About source water - Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain atleast small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate thatwater poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained bycalling the Environmental Protections Agency’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791.
Advisory note from the EPA - Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking waterthan the general population. Immuno-compromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoingchemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune systemdisorders, some elderly and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek adviceabout drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen therisk of infection by cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the Safe DrinkingWater Hotline at (800) 426-4791.
Contaminants That May Be Present in Source Water Before Treatment Include:
Microbial Contaminants - such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants,septic systems, agricultural livestock operations and wildlife.
Inorganic Compounds - such as salts and metals, which can occur naturally or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining or farming.
Pesticides and Herbicides - which may come from a variety of sources, such as agricultural and residentialuses.
Radioactive Contaminants - which occur naturally.Organic Chemical Contaminants - including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are byprod-
ucts of industrial processes and petroleum production and can also come from gas stations, urban storm waterrunoff and septic systems.
MCL - Maximum Contaminant Level - The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed indrinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible, using the best available treatmenttechnology • MCLG - Maximum Contaminant Level Goal - The level of a contaminant in drink-ing water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin ofsafety • MRDL - Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level - The highest level of a disinfectantallowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary forcontrol of microbial contaminants. Compliance with the MRDL is calculated as a Running AnnualAverage (RAA) • MRDLG - Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal - The level of a drinkingwater disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect thebenefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contamination • RAA - Running AnnualAverage - The average of the last 12 months or last four quarters that a facility is in operation • AL -Action Level • TT - Treatment Technique - A required process intended to reduce the level of a con-taminant in drinking water • NTU -Nephelometric Turbidity Units - a measure of clarity • pCi/L -Picocuries per liter - a measure of radioactivity • ppm - parts per million, or milligrams per liter(mg/L) • ppb - part per billion, or micrograms per liter (ul/L). • CFU - Colony Forming Units •< less than • > greater than.
Distribution System -There are more than 430 miles of water lines and
approximately 28,000 connections to Norman’s water distribution system.
Wells - Norman’s 31 wells remove water from the Garber-Wellington Aquifer. Well water is pumped directly into the distribution system. Water purity from the existing wells is such that no treatment is necessary.
Water Towers - Norman has five water towers with a combined storage capacity of 5 million gallons. Towers help to maintain water pressure during times of varying demand. Towers also help with fire protection by providing an available water supply at any given time.
Your Home - Finally water arrives at your tap after being pumped, treated and disinfected. Your enjoyment in using water is ensured by the city of Norman’s staff. Enjoy!
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Definitions
Norman Water Utilities Water Quality Summary - 2005 - Detected Contaminant Tables(Includes Water Wells, Distribution System and Water Treatment Plant)
Microbial ContaminantsParameter Compliance Period Level DetectedColiform, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
TurbidityParameter Date Highest Average Monthly ValueTurbidity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . June 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0%
Highest Single MeasurementFeb. 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.16 NTU
Total Organic CarbonParameter Date Average of Required % Removal Range of Actual % RemovalTotal Organic Carbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25%-38%
Nitrate and Radioactive ContaminantsParameter Date Level Detected Range DetectedNitrate+Nitrite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.438 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0.82 ug/LNitrate (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0 ug/LNitrate (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.40 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0.83ug/LGross Beta Particle Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8-3.0 ug/LGross Alpha, Including RA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.28 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.23-0.34 ug/L
Inorganic ContaminantsParameter Date Level Detected Range DetectedArsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-77 ug/LBarium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-795 ug/LFluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.75 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1-4.66 ug/LSelenium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-38 ug/LChromium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-86 ug/L
Lead and Copper 90% Values and Samples Above the Action LevelParameter Date Level DetectedCopper 90th % Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0122 mg/L
Disinfection By Product ContaminantsParameter Date Maximum Running Annual Average Range DetectedTotal Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3-6.5 ug/L
Monitoring ViolationsParameter Compliance period Violation Type ExplanationTotal Carbon (TOC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3rd quarter 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . Inadequate DBP Precursor Removal . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Alkalinity, Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Fluoride. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3rd quarter 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Chloramine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . 90 routine samples are required each month. 82 routine samples and 12 repeat samples were collected. Coliform, Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . 90 routine samples are required each month. 82 routine samples and 12 repeat samples were collected.
Major Sources Of ContaminantsParameter Units MCLG MCL Major Sources in Drinking WaterNitrite-Nitrate . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . Runoff from fertilizer use; leaching from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits.Fluoride - Total . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . Erosion of natural deposits; water additive which promotes strong teeth; discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories.Arsenic - Total . . . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Erosion of natural deposits; runoff from orchards; runoff from glass and electronics production wastes.Barium - Total . . . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . 2000 . . . . . . Discharge from drilling wastes; discharge from metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits.Chromium - Total. . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . . . 100. . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 . . . . . . Discharge from steel and pulp mills; erosion of natural deposits.Selenium - Total . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Discharge from petroleum and metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from mines.Lead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . AL=15 . . . . . Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits.Copper . . . . . . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . AL=1.3 . . . . . Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits.Turbidity . . . . . . . . . . . . NTU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TT=>0.3 is not . . Soil runoff.
more than 5% of samples
Total Organic Carbon. . . ppm . . . . . . TT=ratio must be . . . Average of the . . Naturally occuring.greater or equal to monthly ratios
1.00 for compliance of TOC removalto required TOC
Gross Alpha . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 . . . . . . . Decay of natural and man-made deposits.Gross Beta . . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Radium 226 . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Coliform. . . . . . . . . . . . . CFU . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0. . . . . . . . . <5% of samples. . Naturally present in environment.
Parameter Units MRDL Major Sources in Drinking WaterChloramine . . . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water additive to control microbes.Total Trihaolmethanes . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . 80 (RAA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Byproduct of drinking water chlorination.Haloacetic Acid . . . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . 60 (RAA)
Oklahoma City Water Utilities Water Quality Summary - 2005 - Detected Contaminants TablesNorman has a connection to the Oklahoma City water system for use during emergencies or peak demand periods. This connection is exercisedregularly, but in normal situations we get a very small fraction of our total water from Oklahoma City. There is a slight chance that you mayreceive some Oklahoma CIty Water on rare occasions. Their water quality data is listed in the table below.
Microbial ContaminantsLocation Compliance Period Level Detected
Distribution System - Coliform, Total . . . . . . . . . Aug. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Turbidity
Date Highest Average Monthly ValueHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jan. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.53%Overholser WTP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.55%Draper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.11%
Highest Single MeasurementHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mar. 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.7 NTUOverholser WTP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 NTUDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.52 NTU
Total Organic Carbon*Date Average of Required % Removal Range of Actual % Removal
Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-54%Overholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36-50%Draper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9-28%
Nitrate and Radioactive ContaminantsNitrate+Nitrite Date Level Detected Range Detected
Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.46 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.46-0.46 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.45 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.45-0.45 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0-1.0 ug/L
Gross Beta Particle ActivityHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3-5.8 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3-7.3 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0-2.1 ug/L
Gross Alpha,Including RA Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.80 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50-1.2 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.70 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.70-0.70 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.20 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.15-0.26 ug/L
Lead and Copper 90% Values and Samples Above the Action Level
Parameter Date Level DetectedDistribution System Copper 90th % Value . . . . . . . 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.17 mg/L
Disinfection Byproduct ContaminantsParameter Date Maximum Running Annual Average Range Detected
Hefner - Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ug/LBromate* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 ug/L
Overholser Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-47 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40-78 ug/L
Draper - Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-47 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-108 ug/L
* Total Organic Carbon (TOC)note: TOC has no health effects.However, TOC provides a mediumfor the formation of disinfectionbyproducts. These byproductsinclude trihalomethanes (THMs)and haloacetic acids (HAAs).Drinking water containing thesebyproducts in excess of the MCL(maximum contaminant level) maylead to adverse health effects.TOC compliance is based on thepercent TOC removal, not the totalamount present. The starting TOCat the Draper Treatment Facility islow, therefore the potential for for-mation of THMs and HAAs is low.The THM and HAA values for theDraper Treatment Facility arebelow the MCL, which is currentlyconsidered a safe level for thesedisinfection byproducts. The tablerepresents the running annualaverage for 2005. Compliance iscalculated using a running annualaverage, which includes data from2004, as well as from 2005.
** Bromate health note: Somepeople who drink water containingbromate in excess of the MCLover many years may have anincreased risk of getting cancer.
Monitoring frequency note: Thestate allows us to monitor forsome contaminants less than onceper year because the concentra-tions do not change frequently.Some of our data, though repre-sentative, are more than one yearold.
Settling - The process in which solid particles settle out or precipitate from the water. This occurs in a sedimentation basin.
Recarbonation - Adjustment of water’s pH with carbon dioxide to ensure that the water is neither corrosive nor overly depositing.
Fluoridation - A controlled addition of fluoride to the water to prevent cavities in children’s teeth.
Filtration - Passing water through material such as a bed of sand, coal or carbon to remove particles such as fine silt or floc particles.
Storage - Treated water is stored at the water treatment plant to provide an additional supply when demand exceeds production rates.
Pump - Water is pumped from the plant into the City of Norman distribution system.
Lake Thunderbird - Built in 1962, it is operated by the Central Oklahoma Master Conservancy District (COMCD). Norman, Midwest City and Del City are partners in COMCD.
Raw water pumping - COMCD pumps water from Lake Thunderbird to the three cities.
Raw water transmission - COMCD delivers water through a 33” diameter water main. The line was constructed in 1965.
Disinfection - A process used to kill microorganisms in water, including essentially all disease-causing bacteria.
Coagulation - The clumping of very fine particles and larger particles through the use of chemicals (coagulants). Clumping makes it easier to separate solids from water by settling or filtering.
Flocculation - Gathering fine particles after coagulation to form larger particles by a process of gentle mixing.
A Note About Arsenic
Arsenic is a naturally occurring mineral present in the Garber-Wellington Aquifer. In Norman’s case, its pres-ence in our groundwater results from the erosion of natural deposits accumulated during the formation of theaquifer millions of years ago. Contamination by man is not to blame; only nature gets credit for its presence inour water.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency now defines the maximum contaminant level (MCL) at 10 partsper billion (ppb) for arsenic. The City of Norman is in compliance with the 10 ppb MCL. The UtilitiesAuthority is currently drilling 10 replacement wells that will provide Norman with drinking water that meets allof the EPA guidelines for safe drinking water.
While your drinking water meets EPA’s standards, it does contain low levels of arsenic. EPA’s standard bal-ances the current understanding of arsenic’s possible health effects against the cost of removing arsenic fromdrinking water. EPA continues to research the health effects of low levels of arsenic, which is known to causecancer at high concentrations and is linked to other health effects, such as skin damage and circulatory problems.
Some people who drink water containing arsenic in excess of the MCL over many years could experienceskin damage or problems with their circulatory system and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Safe Water for Norman
Disinfection - Norman uses a combination of chlorine and ammonia to disinfect the water being treatedfrom Lake Thunderbird. This process produces a chlorine residual that travels throughout Norman’s water dis-tribution system. The presence of chlorine protects our system from bacterial growth. Well water is naturallyfree of harmful bacteria and does not require chlorination.
About source water - Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain atleast small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate thatwater poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained bycalling the Environmental Protections Agency’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791.
Advisory note from the EPA - Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking waterthan the general population. Immuno-compromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoingchemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune systemdisorders, some elderly and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek adviceabout drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen therisk of infection by cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the Safe DrinkingWater Hotline at (800) 426-4791.
Contaminants That May Be Present in Source Water Before Treatment Include:
Microbial Contaminants - such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants,septic systems, agricultural livestock operations and wildlife.
Inorganic Compounds - such as salts and metals, which can occur naturally or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining or farming.
Pesticides and Herbicides - which may come from a variety of sources, such as agricultural and residentialuses.
Radioactive Contaminants - which occur naturally.Organic Chemical Contaminants - including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are byprod-
ucts of industrial processes and petroleum production and can also come from gas stations, urban storm waterrunoff and septic systems.
MCL - Maximum Contaminant Level - The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed indrinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible, using the best available treatmenttechnology • MCLG - Maximum Contaminant Level Goal - The level of a contaminant in drink-ing water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin ofsafety • MRDL - Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level - The highest level of a disinfectantallowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary forcontrol of microbial contaminants. Compliance with the MRDL is calculated as a Running AnnualAverage (RAA) • MRDLG - Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal - The level of a drinkingwater disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect thebenefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contamination • RAA - Running AnnualAverage - The average of the last 12 months or last four quarters that a facility is in operation • AL -Action Level • TT - Treatment Technique - A required process intended to reduce the level of a con-taminant in drinking water • NTU -Nephelometric Turbidity Units - a measure of clarity • pCi/L -Picocuries per liter - a measure of radioactivity • ppm - parts per million, or milligrams per liter(mg/L) • ppb - part per billion, or micrograms per liter (ul/L). • CFU - Colony Forming Units •< less than • > greater than.
Distribution System -There are more than 430 miles of water lines and
approximately 28,000 connections to Norman’s water distribution system.
Wells - Norman’s 31 wells remove water from the Garber-Wellington Aquifer. Well water is pumped directly into the distribution system. Water purity from the existing wells is such that no treatment is necessary.
Water Towers - Norman has five water towers with a combined storage capacity of 5 million gallons. Towers help to maintain water pressure during times of varying demand. Towers also help with fire protection by providing an available water supply at any given time.
Your Home - Finally water arrives at your tap after being pumped, treated and disinfected. Your enjoyment in using water is ensured by the city of Norman’s staff. Enjoy!
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Definitions
Norman Water Utilities Water Quality Summary - 2005 - Detected Contaminant Tables(Includes Water Wells, Distribution System and Water Treatment Plant)
Microbial ContaminantsParameter Compliance Period Level DetectedColiform, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
TurbidityParameter Date Highest Average Monthly ValueTurbidity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . June 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0%
Highest Single MeasurementFeb. 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.16 NTU
Total Organic CarbonParameter Date Average of Required % Removal Range of Actual % RemovalTotal Organic Carbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25%-38%
Nitrate and Radioactive ContaminantsParameter Date Level Detected Range DetectedNitrate+Nitrite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.438 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0.82 ug/LNitrate (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0 ug/LNitrate (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.40 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0.83ug/LGross Beta Particle Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8-3.0 ug/LGross Alpha, Including RA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.28 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.23-0.34 ug/L
Inorganic ContaminantsParameter Date Level Detected Range DetectedArsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-77 ug/LBarium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-795 ug/LFluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.75 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1-4.66 ug/LSelenium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-38 ug/LChromium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-86 ug/L
Lead and Copper 90% Values and Samples Above the Action LevelParameter Date Level DetectedCopper 90th % Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0122 mg/L
Disinfection By Product ContaminantsParameter Date Maximum Running Annual Average Range DetectedTotal Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3-6.5 ug/L
Monitoring ViolationsParameter Compliance period Violation Type ExplanationTotal Carbon (TOC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3rd quarter 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . Inadequate DBP Precursor Removal . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Alkalinity, Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Fluoride. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3rd quarter 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Chloramine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . 90 routine samples are required each month. 82 routine samples and 12 repeat samples were collected. Coliform, Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . 90 routine samples are required each month. 82 routine samples and 12 repeat samples were collected.
Major Sources Of ContaminantsParameter Units MCLG MCL Major Sources in Drinking WaterNitrite-Nitrate . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . Runoff from fertilizer use; leaching from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits.Fluoride - Total . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . Erosion of natural deposits; water additive which promotes strong teeth; discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories.Arsenic - Total . . . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Erosion of natural deposits; runoff from orchards; runoff from glass and electronics production wastes.Barium - Total . . . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . 2000 . . . . . . Discharge from drilling wastes; discharge from metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits.Chromium - Total. . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . . . 100. . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 . . . . . . Discharge from steel and pulp mills; erosion of natural deposits.Selenium - Total . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Discharge from petroleum and metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from mines.Lead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . AL=15 . . . . . Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits.Copper . . . . . . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . AL=1.3 . . . . . Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits.Turbidity . . . . . . . . . . . . NTU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TT=>0.3 is not . . Soil runoff.
more than 5% of samples
Total Organic Carbon. . . ppm . . . . . . TT=ratio must be . . . Average of the . . Naturally occuring.greater or equal to monthly ratios
1.00 for compliance of TOC removalto required TOC
Gross Alpha . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 . . . . . . . Decay of natural and man-made deposits.Gross Beta . . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Radium 226 . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Coliform. . . . . . . . . . . . . CFU . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0. . . . . . . . . <5% of samples. . Naturally present in environment.
Parameter Units MRDL Major Sources in Drinking WaterChloramine . . . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water additive to control microbes.Total Trihaolmethanes . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . 80 (RAA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Byproduct of drinking water chlorination.Haloacetic Acid . . . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . 60 (RAA)
Oklahoma City Water Utilities Water Quality Summary - 2005 - Detected Contaminants TablesNorman has a connection to the Oklahoma City water system for use during emergencies or peak demand periods. This connection is exercisedregularly, but in normal situations we get a very small fraction of our total water from Oklahoma City. There is a slight chance that you mayreceive some Oklahoma CIty Water on rare occasions. Their water quality data is listed in the table below.
Microbial ContaminantsLocation Compliance Period Level Detected
Distribution System - Coliform, Total . . . . . . . . . Aug. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Turbidity
Date Highest Average Monthly ValueHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jan. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.53%Overholser WTP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.55%Draper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.11%
Highest Single MeasurementHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mar. 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.7 NTUOverholser WTP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 NTUDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.52 NTU
Total Organic Carbon*Date Average of Required % Removal Range of Actual % Removal
Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-54%Overholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36-50%Draper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9-28%
Nitrate and Radioactive ContaminantsNitrate+Nitrite Date Level Detected Range Detected
Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.46 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.46-0.46 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.45 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.45-0.45 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0-1.0 ug/L
Gross Beta Particle ActivityHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3-5.8 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3-7.3 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0-2.1 ug/L
Gross Alpha,Including RA Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.80 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50-1.2 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.70 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.70-0.70 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.20 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.15-0.26 ug/L
Lead and Copper 90% Values and Samples Above the Action Level
Parameter Date Level DetectedDistribution System Copper 90th % Value . . . . . . . 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.17 mg/L
Disinfection Byproduct ContaminantsParameter Date Maximum Running Annual Average Range Detected
Hefner - Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ug/LBromate* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 ug/L
Overholser Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-47 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40-78 ug/L
Draper - Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-47 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-108 ug/L
* Total Organic Carbon (TOC)note: TOC has no health effects.However, TOC provides a mediumfor the formation of disinfectionbyproducts. These byproductsinclude trihalomethanes (THMs)and haloacetic acids (HAAs).Drinking water containing thesebyproducts in excess of the MCL(maximum contaminant level) maylead to adverse health effects.TOC compliance is based on thepercent TOC removal, not the totalamount present. The starting TOCat the Draper Treatment Facility islow, therefore the potential for for-mation of THMs and HAAs is low.The THM and HAA values for theDraper Treatment Facility arebelow the MCL, which is currentlyconsidered a safe level for thesedisinfection byproducts. The tablerepresents the running annualaverage for 2005. Compliance iscalculated using a running annualaverage, which includes data from2004, as well as from 2005.
** Bromate health note: Somepeople who drink water containingbromate in excess of the MCLover many years may have anincreased risk of getting cancer.
Monitoring frequency note: Thestate allows us to monitor forsome contaminants less than onceper year because the concentra-tions do not change frequently.Some of our data, though repre-sentative, are more than one yearold.
Settling - The process in which solid particles settle out or precipitate from the water. This occurs in a sedimentation basin.
Recarbonation - Adjustment of water’s pH with carbon dioxide to ensure that the water is neither corrosive nor overly depositing.
Fluoridation - A controlled addition of fluoride to the water to prevent cavities in children’s teeth.
Filtration - Passing water through material such as a bed of sand, coal or carbon to remove particles such as fine silt or floc particles.
Storage - Treated water is stored at the water treatment plant to provide an additional supply when demand exceeds production rates.
Pump - Water is pumped from the plant into the City of Norman distribution system.
Lake Thunderbird - Built in 1962, it is operated by the Central Oklahoma Master Conservancy District (COMCD). Norman, Midwest City and Del City are partners in COMCD.
Raw water pumping - COMCD pumps water from Lake Thunderbird to the three cities.
Raw water transmission - COMCD delivers water through a 33” diameter water main. The line was constructed in 1965.
Disinfection - A process used to kill microorganisms in water, including essentially all disease-causing bacteria.
Coagulation - The clumping of very fine particles and larger particles through the use of chemicals (coagulants). Clumping makes it easier to separate solids from water by settling or filtering.
Flocculation - Gathering fine particles after coagulation to form larger particles by a process of gentle mixing.
A Note About Arsenic
Arsenic is a naturally occurring mineral present in the Garber-Wellington Aquifer. In Norman’s case, its pres-ence in our groundwater results from the erosion of natural deposits accumulated during the formation of theaquifer millions of years ago. Contamination by man is not to blame; only nature gets credit for its presence inour water.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency now defines the maximum contaminant level (MCL) at 10 partsper billion (ppb) for arsenic. The City of Norman is in compliance with the 10 ppb MCL. The UtilitiesAuthority is currently drilling 10 replacement wells that will provide Norman with drinking water that meets allof the EPA guidelines for safe drinking water.
While your drinking water meets EPA’s standards, it does contain low levels of arsenic. EPA’s standard bal-ances the current understanding of arsenic’s possible health effects against the cost of removing arsenic fromdrinking water. EPA continues to research the health effects of low levels of arsenic, which is known to causecancer at high concentrations and is linked to other health effects, such as skin damage and circulatory problems.
Some people who drink water containing arsenic in excess of the MCL over many years could experienceskin damage or problems with their circulatory system and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Safe Water for Norman
Disinfection - Norman uses a combination of chlorine and ammonia to disinfect the water being treatedfrom Lake Thunderbird. This process produces a chlorine residual that travels throughout Norman’s water dis-tribution system. The presence of chlorine protects our system from bacterial growth. Well water is naturallyfree of harmful bacteria and does not require chlorination.
About source water - Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain atleast small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate thatwater poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained bycalling the Environmental Protections Agency’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791.
Advisory note from the EPA - Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking waterthan the general population. Immuno-compromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoingchemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune systemdisorders, some elderly and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek adviceabout drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen therisk of infection by cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the Safe DrinkingWater Hotline at (800) 426-4791.
Contaminants That May Be Present in Source Water Before Treatment Include:
Microbial Contaminants - such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants,septic systems, agricultural livestock operations and wildlife.
Inorganic Compounds - such as salts and metals, which can occur naturally or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining or farming.
Pesticides and Herbicides - which may come from a variety of sources, such as agricultural and residentialuses.
Radioactive Contaminants - which occur naturally.Organic Chemical Contaminants - including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are byprod-
ucts of industrial processes and petroleum production and can also come from gas stations, urban storm waterrunoff and septic systems.
MCL - Maximum Contaminant Level - The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed indrinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible, using the best available treatmenttechnology • MCLG - Maximum Contaminant Level Goal - The level of a contaminant in drink-ing water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin ofsafety • MRDL - Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level - The highest level of a disinfectantallowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary forcontrol of microbial contaminants. Compliance with the MRDL is calculated as a Running AnnualAverage (RAA) • MRDLG - Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal - The level of a drinkingwater disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect thebenefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contamination • RAA - Running AnnualAverage - The average of the last 12 months or last four quarters that a facility is in operation • AL -Action Level • TT - Treatment Technique - A required process intended to reduce the level of a con-taminant in drinking water • NTU -Nephelometric Turbidity Units - a measure of clarity • pCi/L -Picocuries per liter - a measure of radioactivity • ppm - parts per million, or milligrams per liter(mg/L) • ppb - part per billion, or micrograms per liter (ul/L). • CFU - Colony Forming Units •< less than • > greater than.
Distribution System -There are more than 430 miles of water lines and
approximately 28,000 connections to Norman’s water distribution system.
Wells - Norman’s 31 wells remove water from the Garber-Wellington Aquifer. Well water is pumped directly into the distribution system. Water purity from the existing wells is such that no treatment is necessary.
Water Towers - Norman has five water towers with a combined storage capacity of 5 million gallons. Towers help to maintain water pressure during times of varying demand. Towers also help with fire protection by providing an available water supply at any given time.
Your Home - Finally water arrives at your tap after being pumped, treated and disinfected. Your enjoyment in using water is ensured by the city of Norman’s staff. Enjoy!
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Definitions
Norman Water Utilities Water Quality Summary - 2005 - Detected Contaminant Tables(Includes Water Wells, Distribution System and Water Treatment Plant)
Microbial ContaminantsParameter Compliance Period Level DetectedColiform, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
TurbidityParameter Date Highest Average Monthly ValueTurbidity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . June 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0%
Highest Single MeasurementFeb. 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.16 NTU
Total Organic CarbonParameter Date Average of Required % Removal Range of Actual % RemovalTotal Organic Carbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25%-38%
Nitrate and Radioactive ContaminantsParameter Date Level Detected Range DetectedNitrate+Nitrite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.438 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0.82 ug/LNitrate (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0 ug/LNitrate (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.40 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-0.83ug/LGross Beta Particle Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8-3.0 ug/LGross Alpha, Including RA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.28 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.23-0.34 ug/L
Inorganic ContaminantsParameter Date Level Detected Range DetectedArsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-77 ug/LBarium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-795 ug/LFluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.75 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1-4.66 ug/LSelenium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-38 ug/LChromium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-86 ug/L
Lead and Copper 90% Values and Samples Above the Action LevelParameter Date Level DetectedCopper 90th % Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0122 mg/L
Disinfection By Product ContaminantsParameter Date Maximum Running Annual Average Range DetectedTotal Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3-6.5 ug/L
Monitoring ViolationsParameter Compliance period Violation Type ExplanationTotal Carbon (TOC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3rd quarter 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . Inadequate DBP Precursor Removal . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Alkalinity, Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Samples were lost at the DEQ Laboratory.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 year - 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Fluoride. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3rd quarter 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCL - Single Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . Single data point exceeded the MCL.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Nitrate+Nitrite (as N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . Well pump was not functioning at the time sampling was requested by the DEQ.Chloramine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . 90 routine samples are required each month. 82 routine samples and 12 repeat samples were collected. Coliform, Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring, Routine Major . . . . . . . . . . 90 routine samples are required each month. 82 routine samples and 12 repeat samples were collected.
Major Sources Of ContaminantsParameter Units MCLG MCL Major Sources in Drinking WaterNitrite-Nitrate . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . Runoff from fertilizer use; leaching from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits.Fluoride - Total . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . Erosion of natural deposits; water additive which promotes strong teeth; discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories.Arsenic - Total . . . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Erosion of natural deposits; runoff from orchards; runoff from glass and electronics production wastes.Barium - Total . . . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . 2000 . . . . . . Discharge from drilling wastes; discharge from metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits.Chromium - Total. . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . . . 100. . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 . . . . . . Discharge from steel and pulp mills; erosion of natural deposits.Selenium - Total . . . . . . ppb. . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Discharge from petroleum and metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from mines.Lead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . AL=15 . . . . . Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits.Copper . . . . . . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . AL=1.3 . . . . . Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits.Turbidity . . . . . . . . . . . . NTU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TT=>0.3 is not . . Soil runoff.
more than 5% of samples
Total Organic Carbon. . . ppm . . . . . . TT=ratio must be . . . Average of the . . Naturally occuring.greater or equal to monthly ratios
1.00 for compliance of TOC removalto required TOC
Gross Alpha . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 . . . . . . . Decay of natural and man-made deposits.Gross Beta . . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . Radium 226 . . . . . . . . . pCi/L . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Coliform. . . . . . . . . . . . . CFU . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0. . . . . . . . . <5% of samples. . Naturally present in environment.
Parameter Units MRDL Major Sources in Drinking WaterChloramine . . . . . . . . . . ppm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water additive to control microbes.Total Trihaolmethanes . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . 80 (RAA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Byproduct of drinking water chlorination.Haloacetic Acid . . . . . . . ppb . . . . . . . . . . 60 (RAA)
Oklahoma City Water Utilities Water Quality Summary - 2005 - Detected Contaminants TablesNorman has a connection to the Oklahoma City water system for use during emergencies or peak demand periods. This connection is exercisedregularly, but in normal situations we get a very small fraction of our total water from Oklahoma City. There is a slight chance that you mayreceive some Oklahoma CIty Water on rare occasions. Their water quality data is listed in the table below.
Microbial ContaminantsLocation Compliance Period Level Detected
Distribution System - Coliform, Total . . . . . . . . . Aug. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Turbidity
Date Highest Average Monthly ValueHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jan. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.53%Overholser WTP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.55%Draper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.11%
Highest Single MeasurementHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mar. 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.7 NTUOverholser WTP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 NTUDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sept. 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.52 NTU
Total Organic Carbon*Date Average of Required % Removal Range of Actual % Removal
Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-54%Overholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36-50%Draper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38%. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9-28%
Nitrate and Radioactive ContaminantsNitrate+Nitrite Date Level Detected Range Detected
Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.46 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.46-0.46 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.45 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.45-0.45 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0-1.0 ug/L
Gross Beta Particle ActivityHefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3-5.8 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3-7.3 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0-2.1 ug/L
Gross Alpha,Including RA Hefner WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.80 ug/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50-1.2 ug/LOverholser WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.70 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.70-0.70 ug/LDraper WTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.20 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.15-0.26 ug/L
Lead and Copper 90% Values and Samples Above the Action Level
Parameter Date Level DetectedDistribution System Copper 90th % Value . . . . . . . 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.17 mg/L
Disinfection Byproduct ContaminantsParameter Date Maximum Running Annual Average Range Detected
Hefner - Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ug/LBromate* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 ug/L
Overholser Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-47 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40-78 ug/L
Draper - Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-47 ug/LTotal Trihalomethanes (TTHM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 ug/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-108 ug/L
* Total Organic Carbon (TOC)note: TOC has no health effects.However, TOC provides a mediumfor the formation of disinfectionbyproducts. These byproductsinclude trihalomethanes (THMs)and haloacetic acids (HAAs).Drinking water containing thesebyproducts in excess of the MCL(maximum contaminant level) maylead to adverse health effects.TOC compliance is based on thepercent TOC removal, not the totalamount present. The starting TOCat the Draper Treatment Facility islow, therefore the potential for for-mation of THMs and HAAs is low.The THM and HAA values for theDraper Treatment Facility arebelow the MCL, which is currentlyconsidered a safe level for thesedisinfection byproducts. The tablerepresents the running annualaverage for 2005. Compliance iscalculated using a running annualaverage, which includes data from2004, as well as from 2005.
** Bromate health note: Somepeople who drink water containingbromate in excess of the MCLover many years may have anincreased risk of getting cancer.
Monitoring frequency note: Thestate allows us to monitor forsome contaminants less than onceper year because the concentra-tions do not change frequently.Some of our data, though repre-sentative, are more than one yearold.
How You Can Help Conserve Norman’s Water
Outdoor☛ Install rain gauges and freeze gauges on irrigation systems to prevent watering when it isnot necessary.☛ Watering the lawn and garden is more efficient in the early morning or at night when thesun won’t cause as much evaporation. Avoid sprinklers with fine mists; they increase evaporation.☛ Keep the grass two to three inches long to enhance root development with minimal watering.☛ Wash your car with soap and a bucket. Washing your car with a running hose uses morethan 100 gallons of water. Using a bucket and sponge cuts this figure by 90 percent.☛ Pay careful attention to sprinklers to keep water from getting on driveways, streets andsidewalks, where it is wasted. ☛ Use mulch in gardens to minimize weed growth, slow erosion and slow evaporative losses. ☛ Check for leaks in pipes, hoses, faucets, couplings and lawn sprinkler systems and repairthem immediately. Even a small drip can waste hundreds of gallons of water a day.
Indoor☛ Install low-flow showerheads. They are easy to install and save water and energy.☛ Install low-flush toilets or install a toilet tank displacement insert or dam to reduce the vol-ume of water in the tank and the amount used per flush. A plastic jug filled with water andplaced in the tank is an effective displacement device.☛ Check for leaks inside toilets, which can waste up to 200 gallons of water a day. Toilet leakscan be detected by adding a few drops of food coloring to water in the tank. If the coloredwater appears in the bowl, the toilet is leaking.☛ Never use the toilet as a wastebasket.☛ Operate the dishwasher and washing machines only when completely full. ☛ Don’t let the faucet run needlessly when brushing your teeth or shaving.
Conserving Water Means:☛ Our water bills will be lower for our homes and businesses.☛ We will save energy at home and at the office.☛ The community will save because the city will have less water and sewage to treat.☛ We will have a positive impact on the environment of our community.
Water Conservation Kits Are Available for $6 EachEach kit contains an easy-to-install, high quality low-flow showerhead, low-flow kitchen andbathroom aerators, toilet tank bank, leak detection dye tablets, washers, Teflon tape and aninstruction card. These kits may be purchased at the City of Norman utilities billing window,201 West Gray, Building C.
Homes built after 1994 already have low-flow devices installed as part of their plumbing.Houses built prior to 1994 would benefit most from the water conservation kits, which areavailable on a first come, first served basis. Each Norman homeowner can purchase up to twokits. For more information, call Environmental Services at 292-9731.
Try to do one thing each day to save water. Every drop counts and every person can make adifference.
For More Information
The Norman Utilities Authority members are also the elected mayor and citycouncil members. Their meetings are held at the same time as city councilmeetings and are open to the public.
Meeting schedule: Second and fourth Tuesday of each month at City Hall,beginning at 6:30 p.m.
The City of Norman Web Site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.ci.norman.ok.us
Vernon Campbell Water Treatment Plant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chris MattinglySuperintendent of Water Treatment
Phone (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding city services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Action CenterPhone (405) 366-5396 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water quality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bryan HapkeSupervisor of Water Treatment
Phone: (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Geri Wellborn
Senior Laboratory TechnicianPhone: (405) 321-2182 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water projects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bryan Mitchell, P.E.Capital Projects Engineer
Phone (405) 366-5426 • E-mail: [email protected]
For questions regarding water or sewer lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lloyd DavisLine Maintenance Superintendent
Phone (405) 329-0703 • E-mail: [email protected]
Utilities Department. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 366-5443
Customer service/billing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 366-5320
Water/sewer emergency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (405) 329-0703 (Daytime)(405) 321-2182 (After hours)
Water Rate Driven Household Water Conservation
To Our Citizens
The water supply available to a community constitutes its mostimportant and valuable asset. Each and every citizen of Normanuses water daily, giving little thought about treatment and deliv-ery of this essential ingredient in our lives. The Norman UtilitiesAuthority provides water to more than 90,000 citizens inNorman, with all of our water originating from one of threesources: Lake Thunderbird, the Garber-Wellington Aquifer orOklahoma City. Each source provides quality water for our drink-ing, bathing, cooking and general consumption needs.
In the year 2005, Norman produced nearly 4.5 billion gallonsof water. Staff has worked diligently to ensure the delivery of safedrinking water to the citizens of Norman. Water that meets orexceeds the requirements set by the state of OklahomaDepartment of Environmental Quality and the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency is the continual goal of thestaff.
As your Mayor, I invite you to ask questions of your municipalstaff regarding any current or future water concerns. Interestingchallenges await us as we continue to experience greater waterdemands. It is your support that we must possess as we work toaddress Norman’s water supply challenges.
Mayor Harold HaralsonChairmanNorman Utilities Authority
Water Consumption Information
In 2005, Norman experienced a 79.7 percent increase in water usage between themonths of February and July. The majority of this difference is the result of lifestylechanges associated with seasonal usage, including landscape irrigation.
Peak day usage occurred on Aug. 3, 2005, when 22.521 million gallons of waterwas consumed, equal to 247 gallons per person. Minimum water usage occurred onFeb. 1, 2005, when 9.289 million gallons of water was consumed – 91 gallons perperson.
The peak month consumption pattern is believed to have been positively impact-ed by the inverted water rate structure approved recently by Norman voters. The fulleffect of this rate structure related to conservation will be better assessed after severalmore hot, dry summers in Norman. For now there appears to be a positive impact onthe conservation of water used for irrigation. Evidence of this trend is depicted in the1998 and 2005 comparison of water consumption by single family residential homesin Norman in the Water Rate Driven Household Water Conservation section of thisdocument.
During 2005, the Oklahoma City treated water supply line was used on 33 sepa-rate days. The total amount of water consumed through this line was 32.362 milliongallons. During 2005, approximately 91,300 citizens were served by Norman’s watersystem.
Ongoing Water Projects
Water Well and Waterline ProjectThe Norman Utilities Authority is currently drilling 11 test holes and complet-
ing five new water wells to help meet current water demand requirements. Thesewells are located in east Norman. Each of the five wells will be completed duringthe summer of 2006. New wells being constructed will help replace water supplieslost due to non-compliant arsenic levels.
The design of waterlines connecting the new wells to the Norman water systemis complete. Construction of waterlines to these new sites will begin in early Apriland continue through the summertime. It is expected that three of the five produc-tion wells will be connected to Norman’s system by summertime, while the remain-ing two will connect into the system later in the summer months.
Water and Wastewater Cost of Service StudyWater quality and quantity are the biggest environmental issues we face in our
community. The Norman Utilities Authority has concluded a Cost of Service andRate Study of our water and wastewater systems. The study looked at all aspects ofour water and wastewater financial operations and suggested a rate structure thatwill allow the systems to meet future needs. Our city’s elected officials proposed anew water rate structure based on the study, which voters approved March 7, pro-viding new dollars for:☛ 15 replacement wells;☛ treating water for taste and odor;☛ Refurbishing existing water storage tanks;☛ Upgrading the Vernon Campbell Water Treatment Plant;☛ Replacing old waterlines;☛ Replacing a portion of the raw water line from Lake Thunderbird to the watertreatment plant.
Water Supply Information
In 2005, Norman utilized 125.4 percent of its permitted allocation from LakeThunderbird. Norman was allowed to withdraw more than our permitted alloca-tion from Lake Thunderbird because demands were less than permitted from bothMidwest City and Del City. Overdrawing one city’s allocation is allowed as long asthe total permit is not exceeded.
Our allocated withdrawal from Lake Thunderbird is 8.4 million gallons per day.In 2005, we treated an average of 10.6 million gallons of water per day from LakeThunderbird at our water treatment plant, for an annual total of 3.867 billion gallons.
Our average consumption of well water was 2.7 million gallons per day in 2005.We consumed a total of 987 million gallons of water from our wells in the Garber-Wellington Aquifer.
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Water Production By Month - 2005
Water Production -2005(Millions of Gallons)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Mill
ion
Gallo
ns
0
100
200
300
400
500
600Water Plant
Wells
Oklahoma City
0-1,000 Gallons
1,100-2,000 Gallons
2,100-15,000 Gallons
15,100-20,000 Gallons
More Than 20,000 Gallons
5%
5.94%
59.93%
9.75%
19.38%
July 1998
In 1998, before voters approved our current water rate structure, the follow-ing division of household usage by all household customers was experienced inthe month of July.
The following usage pattern was experienced in 2005. The percentage ofhousehold customers using greater than 15,000 gallons per month was reducedby almost 50 percent, indicating that our water consumption patterns areworking with some customers. Future year’s water consumption patterns hope-fully will show the continued success of our community efforts to conservewater.
0-1,000 Gallons
1,100-2,000 Gallons
2,100-15,000 Gallons
15,100-20,000 Gallons
More Than 20,000 Gallons
July 2005
6.81%
7.46%
67.23%7.64%
10.86%
