2004-2005Group Leader: Tam Ka Ho 4D 37Group members: Ko Tsz Hang 4D 31

Kwok Chun Hei 4D 32 Lam Wai Yip 4D 33 Tang Yin Hang 4D 39 Wong On Chi 4D 40 Yuen Ming Yu 4D 41

Content1.Introduction

2.Chang Jiang (brief intro)

3.Location of Chang Jiang

4.Why flooding occurs??

5.Human Factors

6.What can we do??

7.Other feasible solutions

8.Acknowledgement

Introduction

The topic of this project that we are doing is about flooding and our focus is mainly on Chang Jiang. Nowadays , flooding happens in many countries and causes many effects on them . For example , People who are living there may die , buildings are destroyed and living conditions become poor , etc .Therefore , we will let more people know more about flooding and how to prevent it in this project .

Chang Jiang

Chang Jiang starts in Qing-Tibet Plateau. It is 6300km long, the third longest river in the world. As we all know, there is always flooding in Chang Jiang. The serious floods there affect the local people. It causes losses of life and property. The economy is also greatly affected, as it needs a lot of money to reconstruct the area. In order to reduce the number of casualties because of the floods, the government takes a lot of measures such as building dams to drain the water faster, etc.

Location of Chang Jiang

Why do flooding occur?Natural factors

• 1. There are heavy monsoon rains in summer. • 2. Typhoons bring heavy rain in summer.• 3. Melting snow in spring in the upper course adds water.• 4. There is gentle relief in the lower course of the Chang Jiang.• 5. There is a rapid progress of sedimentation in Lake Dongting

which serves as a great retention basin for the Chang Jiang (Yangtse River), from which flood water pours into the lake in July-September.

• 6. The rapid progress of sedimentation lowers the capacity of Lake Dongting.

The upper course of Chang Jiang

Human factors

• 1. Deforestation in the upper and middle courses leads to soil erosion and river silting.

• 2. Lakes become smaller because they have been reclaimed for farming.

• 3. Cities with more tarmac* means water flows into rivers more quickly.

• 4. Some dams and embankments are not strong enough and they may collapse.

• 5. The land reclamation projects in Lake Dongting also reduce the size of Dongting.

• 6. Deforestations are found in the upper course of Chang Jiang which greatly reduce the infiltration. Floods occur easier.

People who were affected by floods

Vegetables were destroyed

What can we do?

In order to solve the problem of flooding in The Chang Jiang River, the Ministry of Water Resources of the PRC carried out the Three Gorges Project(TGP). TGP is the most important project functioning

As a backbone in the flood con

trol system to protect the area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

The Three Gorges Project

• The introduction of the Three Gorges Project can basically solve the problem of flooding, as its favorable geographical location makes it possible effectively control the huge flood water from the upstream of the Yangtze.

Other feasible solutions

‘We should introduce environmental protection, so that trees are saved to reduce the rate of soil erosion. Also, the sediment on the river bed should be cleaned to increase the capacity of the river. The dams should be built soundly, so that the risk of erosion is lowered. ‘

The Beijing Government should pay much effort in improving the Three Gorges Project

said

Acknowledgement

• http://www.mwr.gov.cn/english1/project/sanxia/index.htm

• http://www.hkedcity.net/iclub_files/a/1/95/webpage/hot_features/china2/logo2.htm

• http://www.yangtze.com

• http://www.outbackphotogallery.com/gallery/outback

We will try our best to finish this project.

Conclusion

As the Three Gorges Project is beginning to succeed, other less developed countries can take this measure as reference and prevent from flooding effectively. Besides, the more developed countries should help them too. We all hope that people can enjoy better lives with limited natural disasters.