2013 Model United Nations Name________________________ Period Date___________

COUNTRY__________________________ Teacher_______________________

In your geography class, you will be preparing for a two day Model United Nations experience scheduled for April 29, 30, and May 1, and 2nd. The Model U.N. gives you the opportunity to look at the world from another nation’s perspective and to appreciate the wide range of views that must be considered in international relations. In this unit you will consider:

What should the UN policy be toward countries thatbuild and/or facilitate the spread of weapons of mass

destruction?

You will also learn about:

parliamentary procedure your oountry’s position on the issues diplomatic and United Nations behavior how to write a resolution public speaking persuasion techniques

Some of you will be in delegations by yourself, and others will have partners. All of you have the responsibility to represent your nation in the best manner possible! Your job is to collect support for the views of your nation and get your resolutions passed.

In this packet you will find material that will help you prepare for the Model U.N., such as:

1. Model UN Grading Criteria2. Calendar of activities and assignments3. Organization of United Nations chart4. How to write a resolution instructions (2 sets) and Resolution Phrases5. Sample Resolution6. Parliamentary procedure explanations7. Model UN Step by Step Procedure8. Form for proposing amendments during the UN

Bring the packet to class every day and refer to it often. There may be changes in the calendar which you will need to update.

Your enthusiasm and interest will make an exciting Model United Nationsfor you and others. Give it your best effort!

You will also learn about:• parliamentary procedure • your country’s position on the issues • diplomatic and United Nations behavior • how to write a resolution• public speaking persuasion techniques • research and summarizing skills

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PURPOSE OF THE UNITED NATIONS:

General Assembly: The Assembly is the world's forum for discussing major issues facing the world community, including world peace and security, human rights, global environment, disarmament, health issues, and the rights of women and children.

ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS

General Security International Assembly Council Court of

Justice

Trusteeship Military Council Disarmament Staff

Commission Committee

Secretariat

Economic and Social Council

Important Specialized Agencies Commissions

Educational Human Rights Scientific & Social Transport Cultural and Communications Organization Narcotics Status of Women International Labor Organization

Food and Agricultural Organization

International Monetary Fund

World Health Organization

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WRITING RESOLUTIONS(From the UNA-USA Model UN Survival Workshop. Chapter 4)

Resolutions are the focal points of discussion at the UN and in Model United Nations. Resolutions represent the formal decisions of UN bodies; they may simply register an opinion, or may recommend an action to be taken by a UN organ or related agency.

Resolutions are submitted in draft form, as they are usually amended before approval. They can be sponsored by several delegations.

The subject of the resolution must pertain to one of the agenda topics of the UN body in which it is introduced.

While delegates may collaborate on the drafting of a resolution, the MUN Coordinator sees to its distribution. Different Coordinators may request slightly altered versions of the format given in the following sample resolution, but basic characteristics remain the same. Resolutions adopted at the UN are often reprinted in the UN Monthly Chronicle .

Each resolution has three parts: the heading, the preamble and the operative clauses. The heading includes the topic of the resolution, the committee or body in which it is introduced, and the sponsoring nations. The Coordinator usually adds a number to the resolution; The document will frequently be referred to by this number throughout the session.

Regarding punctuation, a resolution is one long sentence with commas and semicolons throughout the resolution, and with a period found only at the very end.

The preamble explains the purpose of the resolution and states the main reasons for the suggestion to follow. Often, earlier UN resolutions or actions will be referred to, and relevant provisions of the Charter will be cited.

The operative clauses list the recommendations for action, or state a favorable or unfavorable opinion regarding the existing situation. It may request action by Member States, by the Secretariat, or by any UN bodies or agencies. Possible phrases for use in resolutions are contained in this handout.

When drafting and sponsoring a resolution, keep in mind that the wording of the document will greatly influence its appeal (or lack thereof). It should be clear, concise and specific; every clause should have a purpose. The substance must be well-researched and in the character of the sponsoring nations. Sponsors should expect to introduce the resolution from the floor, and make impromptu defenses throughout the session.

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HOW TO WRITE A RESOLUTION

1. Be sure you understand the topic selected for this year.

2. Research your country’s perspective on the resolution topic. (Get facts on the problem in your country and decide which other countries might also be concerned about the same issue. Get some facts on the issue as a global problem.)

3. Write your resolution in proper format as described below:

What is a resolution?

Resolutions are the basic decisions or statements of the governing bodies in the United Nations (General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council). Resolutions form the basis for discussion and debate. While they are prepared by individual nations or groups of nations, once passed they are the official policy of the United Nations. (similar to a law in our national government)

While most resolutions state policy, some may include an entire treaty, declaration, or convention. Resolutions may either be general statements or directions for specific UN organizations. They may condemn the actions of a nation (as in the case of Iraq), call collective action (Somalia), or, as in the case of the Security Council, require economic or military sanctions. When writing resolutions, it is important to keep in mind the specific powers of the body (General Assembly, Security Council, or ECOSOC). For example, the General Assembly cannot impose mandatory sanctions.

Most resolutions in the United Nations are amended when they come up for debate. Because of the limited time for our Model UN and our desire to debate as many resolutions as possible, we will limit our use of amendments.

Format of a Resolution:

Each resolution is a single sentence, with the different sections separated by commas and semicolons. The subject of the sentence is the body making the statement such as the General Assembly, Security Council, or ECOSOC.

The resolution is divided into two parts: preambulatory clauses and operative clauses.

Preambulatory Clauses:

These are the justifications or reasons for the resolution. They usually begin with present participles (ing verbs) and may include statistics about the problem, condemnations of the actions (or lack of action) of individuals or governments, and/or precedents in the UN Charter or previous resolutions. Most resolutions we deal with have not less than two and no more than five preambulatory clauses. Punctuation: Each preambulatory clause is followed by a comma. Put the verbs that begin each clause in block capital letters.

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Operative Clauses:

These are the actions which you recommend for the United Nations to take. (Be careful not to write about what you want done just in your own country—no one would vote for your resolution!). Each clause starts with a verb and suggests a specific action. Your resolution should have no less than two and no more than five operative clauses. Most of our resolutions do one or more of the following: ask for a study or research project to be done on the issue by the appropriate UN body, recommend the formation of a special committee or organization to do a particular job, and/or set up rules or regulations which all member countries must uphold. Operative clauses are numbered and end in a semicolon. After the last operative clause, put a period.

See sample resolutions as models for spacing and typing (or printing) your resolutions.

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MODEL UN RESOLUTION PHRASES

PREAMBULATORY CLAUSESAcknowledging Encouraged MindfulAffirming Endorsing Noting...Alarmed Expressing... furtherAnxious appreciating with approvalAppreciating deep appreciation with deep concernAppreciating Expecting with grave concernAware Fulfilling with regretBearing in mind Fully... with satisfactionBeing conceived aware ObservingBelieving believing ReaffirmingCognizant bearing in mind RealizingConcerned Grieved RecallingConfident Guided by RecognizingConscious Having... ReferringConsidering adopted RegrettingContemplating approved ReiteratingConvinced considered SeekingDeclaring decided StressedDeeply disturbed examined further Taking...Desiring received into account/Deploring regard for consideration noteDetermined reviewed Viewing with apprehensionEmphasizing Keeping in mind Welcoming

OPERATIVE CLAUSESAccepts Directs InvitesAdopts Emphasizes Notes...Affirms Encourages with appreciationAppeals Endorses with approvalAppreciates Expresses... with interestApproves its appreciation with satisfactionAuthorizes its conviction Reaffirms (its belief)Calls upon its regret RecognizesCommends its sympathy RecommendsConcurs its thanks RegretsCondemns the belief ReiteratesConfirms the hope Renews its appealCongratulates Further... RepeatsConsiders invites SuggestsDecides (accordingly) proclaims SupportsDeclares reminds Takes not ofDeplores recommends TransmitsDesignates requests Urges

resolves WelcomesInstructs

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Resolution #MR2CCSAMPLE RESOLUTION Christie Congdon

April 13, 2010

TOPIC OF RESOLUTION: Fighting in YugoslaviaSUBMITTED TO: The General AssemblySPONSORED BY: Somalia

THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY 1. Viewing with apprehension the thousands of innocent civilians that 2. are being killed because of the fighting in Bosnia, and 3. 4. Noting that the Serbians have as much right to the land as the Bosnians

5. because both groups feel strong ties to the area, and 6. 7. Emphasizing that U.N. troops in the area are not helping the situation but 8. encouraging more fighting to occur, and 9.10. Stressing that this issue needs to be resolved within the countries because11. U.N. involvement only provides a temporary solution while the tension still 12. remains strong:13.14. 1. Strongly recommends that the U.N. withdraw all troops from 15. Bosnia;16.17. 2. Requires that no more NATO bombings take place in attempt to18. hold back Serbian forces;19.20. 3. Encourages the U.N. to open negotiations with the Serbs with 21. the prospect of a deal that would benefit them;22.23. 4. Instructs the U.N. to primarily stay out of the conflict, and let the 24. Bosnians and the Serbs come to a resolution on their own.

Here’s how to give your resolution a number:Type your teacher’s initials, the class period you are in, and your initials.

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SAMPLE RESOLUTION

Resolution#DP4BCNConnor Ness

April 15, 2011TOPIC OF RESOLUTION: Nuclear WeaponsSUBMITTED TO: The General AssemblySPONSORED BY: The United States of America

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.

Considering that we are all impacted by the rapid increase of nuclear weapons that wecould possibly all suffer the catastrophic consequences of nuclear war , and

Emphasizing that harmless people could be killed because of the negatives that come with having nuclear power or nuclear weapons, and

Aware that there are some positives about weapons of mass destruction but the big problem with building them is they key uranium or plutonium, and

Realizing some countries want nuclear weapons to protect themselves from other rulers like Al Qaeda and they plays a big part in this discussion, and

Keeping in mind they are not the only terrorist group in the world:

1. Demand that we have 24/7 watching on all plutonium and uranium;

2. Require that all countries sign an agreement for a United Nation’s investigations and inspections periodically;

3. Reiterate to all countries the importance of much better inspections of all cargo ships and trucks;

4. Urges all countries to reduce Weapons of Mass Destruction, and hands them over to the United Nations;

5. Strongly encourages that all countries accept this resolution in the near future before more severe actions could be required.

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U.N. SPEECHES

Choose one of the resolutions and write one 2 to 3 minute speech on it.

Your speech must include:

An introduction of yourself as a delegate from your country.

A statement telling whether your country is in favor of or against the resolution.

At least 3 reasons why you are in favor of or against the resolution. These reasons should be supported by factual information from your research.

A conclusion which restates your position and thanks the president and assembly for their time.

Creating Your Country’s Placard

1. Fold a white 9” by 12” piece of construction paper in 1/3’s lengthwise.

2. Draw a line 1/3 from either end. In the smaller space, draw your country’s flag. Color it!

3. Write the name of your country in the rest of the space. Use big thick letters so your country’s name can be seen from far away. See sample.

4. Now repeat steps 2 and 3 for the other side of your placard. It needs to be seen from the front and the back of the room.

Flag Country Name

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PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE

What is parliamentary procedure?Parliamentary procedure is a set of rules developed to make meetings run more smoothly. Legislatures, such as the U.S. Congress, the Colorado Legislature, and the British Parliament use parliamentary procedure. For our Model UN, we will use a modification of parliamentary procedure to keep order but allow flexibility. Please study the following rules to prepare for our Model UN:

Officers:Each session will have a President and a Secretary. The President’s duties are to preside over the meeting, calling it to order and announcing the order of business, recognizing delegates from the floor who wish to speak, and making decisions which require a ruling by the chair. The Secretary will record attendance, call the roll for roll call votes, and keep track of time limits for speakers. All issues of parliamentary procedure will be referred to the parliamentarian (teacher).

Order of Business:The order of business is determined by the docket. For each category, authorship and seconding speeches for all resolutions are given first, then the floor is open to motions about which resolution in that category to debate first. A simple majority is required to begin debate on a resolution. Debate will be limited in the interests of time. Amendments will be considered after adequate debate as determined by the teacher. When someone wishes to end debate and to vote on the resolution, he/she may “move the previous question.” The vote will be taken by a show of hands, but if it is very close, a roll call vote may be called for by the President. If there is no motion to debate a resolution, it will be tabled and not come to a vote.

What to Say When You Address the Group:As a speaker at the podium - “Mr./Ms. President, Fellow Delegates,....”

From the floor - “Mr./Ms. President, I am Jim Jones, delegate from Zaire, and I move that,.... or “I wish to support the resolution proposed by El Salvador.”

Motions You Can Use:“I move to consider Resolution Number MR2CC first.”

“I move the previous question” (You want to end debate and take a vote on the resolution.)

“I move to hold a 5-minute recess to caucus.” (You want a chance to gather votes for your side.)

“I rise to a point of information.” (You want to ask a question to clarify a specific statement or line in a resolution.)

“I rise to a question of personal privilege.” (You can’t hear, want a window opened or closed, or other personal request.)

“I rise to a point of parliamentary inquiry.” (You aren’t sure what the rules will allow in a situation.)

“I demand the right of reply.” (Your country has been grievously insulted and you may be granted 30 seconds to reply.

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Model United NationsStep by Step Process

1. Call to order; all stand

Minute of Silence

2. Set quorum (count the number of votes represented - one per country)

3. Set docket (the order the resolutions will be discussed) - ask for a motion and a second

• majority vote required

4. Secretary reads the resolution aloud

5. Authorship speech for first resolution • may yield or not yield to three questions

6. Seconding speeches• three supporting alternating with three opposing• each speaker may yield or not yield to three questions

7. Need motion to begin debate - Delegates debate resolution• make your best arguments for or against the resolution• introduce amendment(s) to the resolution

8. Debate amendment(s) as they are introduced

9. Vote to close debate on amendment by “moving the previous question”; 2/3 vote required

10. Vote on amendment; 1/5 vote required

11. Vote to close debate on resolution by “moving the previous question”;2/3 vote required

12. Vote on resolution; 2/3 vote required

13. Motion to adjourn meeting; 2/3 vote required

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APPENDIX A

FORM FOR PROPOSING AMENDMENTSThe purpose of an amendment is to change or modify a motion or resolution which is being considered by the council so that it will more accurately and fully express the will of the group.

_________________________ __ from _______________________ YOUR NAME COUNTRY

moves that the Resolution # ________________ be amended as indicated below:

1. I move to amend line(s) ________ by adding (inserting) the following word(s) __________________ line #

______________________________________ after the word _____________________________________.

2. I move to amend line(s) ________ by striking out __________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________.

3. I move to amend line(s) _________ by striking out the following word(s)________________________

and inserting the following word(s) ___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________ ___________

4. I move to amend the resolution by striking line(s) __________ and substituting the

following: ______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

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