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BiomoleculesBiomolecules

TheTheCellCell

EnergyEnergy

Respiration and Respiration and

PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis

This and ThatThis and That

BiomoleculesBiomolecules TheTheCellCell

EnergyEnergy R and PR and P This and ThatThis and That

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Biomolecules - $200Biomolecules - $200

These long chains are These long chains are held together by peptide held together by peptide bonds and their sequence bonds and their sequence

determines the specific determines the specific role of a protein.role of a protein.

Biomolecules- $400Biomolecules- $400

These are made up of a 5 These are made up of a 5 carbon sugar, a carbon sugar, a

phosphate group, and a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. nitrogenous base.

Biomolecules- $600Biomolecules- $600

OH

OH

H

H

HO

CH2OH

H

H

H

OH

O

Biomolecules- $800Biomolecules- $800

Biomolecules- $1000Biomolecules- $1000

The Cell- $200The Cell- $200

Organisms whose cells Organisms whose cells have a membrane bound have a membrane bound

nucleus. nucleus.

The Cell- $400The Cell- $400

The movement of The movement of particles into and out of a particles into and out of a cell, moving from areas of cell, moving from areas of

higher concentration to higher concentration to lower concentration. lower concentration.

The Cell- $600The Cell- $600

The movement of The movement of materials against the materials against the

concentration gradient. concentration gradient. This requires cellular This requires cellular

energy. energy.

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A measure of the acidity A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a or alkalinity of a

substance. Affects the substance. Affects the rates of metabolism, rates rates of metabolism, rates

of enzymes, and is of enzymes, and is controlled by the cell to controlled by the cell to maintain homeostasis. maintain homeostasis.

The Cell- $1000The Cell- $1000

The difference in The difference in concentration that makes concentration that makes

diffusion possible. diffusion possible.

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Two critical factors that Two critical factors that can affect enzymes.can affect enzymes.

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Energy is stored in the Energy is stored in the chemical bonds of this chemical bonds of this

moleculemolecule

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The continuous process of The continuous process of energy being used and energy being used and

stored. This process has stored. This process has been compared to a been compared to a

rechargeable battery. rechargeable battery.

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This type of respiration This type of respiration begins with glycolysis and begins with glycolysis and

is followed by is followed by fermentation. fermentation.

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The products of this type The products of this type of reaction have more of reaction have more energy in their bonds energy in their bonds

than in the reactants. This than in the reactants. This reaction requires an input reaction requires an input

of energy. of energy.

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These are the These are the three stages of three stages of

respiration.respiration.

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Cellular respiration is Cellular respiration is this type of process this type of process because it requires because it requires

oxygenoxygen

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A molecule of glucose is A molecule of glucose is used to produce pyruvic used to produce pyruvic acid and ATP. This is the acid and ATP. This is the first stage of respiration.first stage of respiration.

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A series of chemical A series of chemical reactions in which reactions in which

pyruvic acid is broken pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon down into carbon

dioxide. This is the dioxide. This is the second stage of second stage of

respiration. respiration.

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The process where 36 The process where 36 molecules of ADP is molecules of ADP is

converted to ATP and the converted to ATP and the third stage of respiration. third stage of respiration.

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A form of anaerobic A form of anaerobic respiration that respiration that

produces ethyl alcohol.produces ethyl alcohol.

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A form of anaerobic A form of anaerobic respiration that occurs respiration that occurs in muscle tissue during in muscle tissue during

exercise. exercise.

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The movement of The movement of

water into and out of a water into and out of a cell. cell.

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The minimum amount The minimum amount of energy that of energy that

molecules must molecules must possess in order to possess in order to

react. react.

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The breaking of The breaking of chemical bonds by chemical bonds by

adding a molecule of adding a molecule of water.water.

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What are Amino Acids?What are Amino Acids?

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What is a Nucleotide?What is a Nucleotide?

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What is a Carbohydrate? What is a Carbohydrate?

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What is Protein?What is Protein?

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What is a Lipid?What is a Lipid?

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The Cell- $200The Cell- $200

What is a eukaryote?What is a eukaryote?

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The Cell- $400The Cell- $400

What is diffusion?What is diffusion?

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The Cell- $600The Cell- $600

What is Active Transport?What is Active Transport?

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The Cell- $800The Cell- $800

What is pH? What is pH?

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The Cell- $1000The Cell- $1000

What is the Concentration What is the Concentration Gradient?Gradient?

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Energy - $200Energy - $200

What is Temperature and What is Temperature and pH?pH?

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What is ATP?What is ATP?

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Energy - $600Energy - $600

What is the ATP/ADP What is the ATP/ADP cycle?cycle?

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Energy - $800Energy - $800

What is Anaerobic What is Anaerobic Respiration?Respiration?

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Energy - $1000Energy - $1000

What is an Endothermic What is an Endothermic Reaction?Reaction?

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What are Glycolysis, the What are Glycolysis, the Citric Acid Cycle, and the Citric Acid Cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain?Electron Transport Chain?

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What is Aerobic What is Aerobic Respiration?Respiration?

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What is Glycolysis? What is Glycolysis?

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What is the Citric Acid What is the Citric Acid Cycle?Cycle?

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What is the Electron What is the Electron Transport Chain?Transport Chain?

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What is Alcoholic What is Alcoholic Fermentation?Fermentation?

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What is Lactic Acid What is Lactic Acid Fermentation?Fermentation?

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What is Osmosis?What is Osmosis?

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What is Activation What is Activation Energy?Energy?

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What is Hydrolysis?What is Hydrolysis?

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Chemical Chemical ReactionsReactions

FINAL CATEGORYFINAL CATEGORY

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This equation This equation summarizes the summarizes the

complete process of complete process of cellular respiration.cellular respiration.

FINAL CATEGORYFINAL CATEGORY

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CC66HH1212OO66 + 6O + 6O22 6CO 6CO22 + H + H22O + O + EnergyEnergy