20 October 2021 Sector Update Power Plus
Transcript of 20 October 2021 Sector Update Power Plus
20 October 2021 Sector Update
Power Plus
HSIE Research is also available on Bloomberg ERH HDF <GO>& Thomson Reuters
Demand remains strong but coal stock is critical
Generation growth slowed down in Sep’21 to 0.2% YoY, after registering a
strong 17% YoY rise in Aug’21, due to subdued power demand, given the
heavy monsoon. However, demand revived in Oct’21, rising ~5% YoY month
to date, as supply fell short of it by 1.4% due to falling coal inventories across
plants. Coal stocks declined 78% YoY across stations with 93 plants having
stocks of less than 4 days, as on date. The demand-supply deficit led to ~300%
YoY/150% MoM rise in merchant rates in Oct’21 to INR10.9/unit. Coal
dispatches to power sector are expected to improve in the coming days with
CIL regulating its supplies to other sectors and speeding up evacuation of its
~40 MT of inventories lying at its bed. The outstanding dues of discoms, as of
Oct’21, remain at INR963 bn (-24% YoY but +2% MoM due to rise in power
offtake). The proposed reforms like the Draft Electricity Amendment Bill,
smart metering, and Direct Benefit Transfer scheme would be the silver lining
that can revive the sector. NTPC, PGCIL, and CESC are our top picks.
Demand revives in Oct’21: Power demand, which remained subdued at 1.2% in
Sep’21, has grown ~5% YoY in Oct’21 with the passing of monsoons and arrival
of festive season. Generation in Sep’21 remained flat for the coal segment (+0.4%
YoY) but was down across the gas (-21.3% YoY), hydro (-5.7% YoY) and nuclear
segments (-2.3% YoY). However, renewables (RES) saw strong 19.8% YoY rise in
generation in Sep’21. Overall generation remained flat at +0.2% YoY in Sep’21.
NTPC’s generation was flat YoY: NTPC’s generation remained strong with
10.4%/9.4% YoY increase in Sep’21/Q2FY22. However, it fell significantly across
the Tata Power stations by 56.8%/40.5% YoY during the same period due to
lower generation across the Mundra plant (on rising coal prices). During
Q2FY22, generation increased for NHPC (+2.9% YoY), while it remained flat for
CESC (+1% YoY). Generation declined for JSW Energy (-12.8% YoY) in Q2FY22.
Coal stock deteriorates and merchant rates zoom on higher demand: Coal
stocks across power stations deteriorated in Oct’21 with as many as 93 stations
having supercritical level of inventories (<4 days of coal stock). Low operation of
imported coal-based stations due to steep rise in international coal prices (+215%
YoY to US$160/tonne), rise in freight cost, robust power demand due to rise in
temperature, arrival of festive season, supply restrictions by CIL to ~14GW of
capacity for non-clearances for past dues, and low coal inventory across power
stations during Sep’21 led to a 78% YoY decline in coal stocks across power
stations. Also, lower wind generation across Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, and AP
forced them to procure power from the spot market. Supply crisis led to a ~300%
YoY rise in spot rates to INR10.9/unit during Oct’21. However, with the
intervention of coal and power ministry, the situation is expected to be
normalised in 7-10 days with CIL expected to enhance its dispatch and clear off
~40 MT of its inventory. Also, with few states agreeing to procure power at
higher rates from Mundra stations and the onset of winter in Nov’21 should
bring down the deficit.
Our view: While the overall demand/generation increased ~13% YoY each in
YTDFY22, we expect power demand to rise 12% in FY22, led by the country’s
improved economic activity. The central government’s liquidity package under
the Atmanirbhar scheme has significantly improved liquidity for discoms.
Further, with CCEA approving the INR3.03trn reform-linked package, we can
expect improved infrastructure Capex from discoms over the next 3-4 years. This
would, in our view, lower AT&C losses, nullify the ACS-ARR gap, and promote
private participation in the discom space.
Company Reco TP Upside
(%)
NTPC Buy 143* -4%
PGCIL Add 196* -1%
NHPC Add 29* -14%
CESC Buy 1011 6%
JSW Energy Sell 118 -68%
Tata Power Buy 156* -32%
Torrent Power Add 511 0%
* Under Review
FY23E P/BV (x) PER (X)
NTPC 1.1 8.6
PGCIL 1.6 9.9
NHPC 1.0 9.6
CESC 1.0 8.5
JSW Energy 3.8 57.0
Tata Power 2.9 29.7
Torrent Power 2.0 13.4
Anuj Upadhyay
+91-22-6171-7356
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Power Plus
Story in charts
Exhibit 1: Generation witnessed a revival in Oct’21, led by rise in temperature and arrival of festive season
Source: HSIE Research, CEA
Exhibit 2: PLF declined across all segments, barring RES Exhibit 3: YTDFY22, PLF improved across all sectors,
barring gas
Source: HSIE Research, Industry Source: HSIE Research, Industry
Exhibit 4: Both peak and base deficits remained low in Sep’21 but increased during H1 Oct’21
-5.7 0.0
2.8 9.6
-8.2
-23.4 -15.5
-10.9
-2.7 -1.7
4.8 9.7
0.4 4.2 5.1 2.1
19.5
39.4
6.6 8.0 10.1
16.9
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-30.0
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-10.0
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53.8
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0
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40
60
80
100
Coal Gas Nuclear Hydro Renewables
PLF (%) September 20 September 21
54.2
22.7
38.0
70.7
17.0
57.8
19.4
45.8
72.3
20.1
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Coal Gas Hydro Nuclear Renewables
PLF (%) FY21 YTDFY22
0.0
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(%) Base deficit Peak deficit
8.46.9
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Power Plus
Exhibit 5: Merchant rates witnessed 300% rise in Oct’21 Exhibit 6: Coal stocks across 112 plants reach subcritical
level (<7 days of inventory)
Source: HSIE Research, Industry Source: HSIE Research, PRAAPTI
Generation, PLF, and spot prices
Demand and generation saw an uptick in Oct’21
Power demand and generation remained subdued in Sep’21 (+0.2% YoY) due to
the heavy monsoon. Generation remained flat across coal (+0.4% YoY) but saw
steep decline across the gas (-21.3% YoY), hydro (-5.7% YoY) and nuclear (-2.3%
YoY) segments. This was partially offset by a robust 19.8% YoY rise in generation
across the RES, led by incremental capacity addition. However, demand revived
in H1 Oct’21 with the arrival of festive season and rise in temperature, witnessing
~5% YoY rise in power generation and demand.
Exhibit 7: Generation remained flat YoY in Sep’21 Exhibit 8: RES saw steep growth in Sep’21
Source: CEA, HSIE Research Source: CEA, HSIE Research
During Sep’21, the peak power demand improved steeply across Maharashtra,
Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, Kerala, TN, Telangana and Orissa on a low YoY base.
Demand, however, declined across Punjab, Rajasthan, UP, Haryana and
Jharkhand.
Power generation also increased significantly across Uttarakhand, Maharashtra,
Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, Kerala, TN, Telangana, Bihar and Orissa, mirroring the
growth in demand. Generation, however, declined steeply in Haryana, Punjab
Rajasthan, Gujarat and Chhattisgarh. Fall in generation in Gujarat is largely due
to a fall in Mundra plant generation, which is attributable to a steep rise in
imported coal prices, making the plant unviable to operate at current level.
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INR/Unit 10.9
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(No of
Power
Plants)
120.6 120.8
671.9
756.3
0.0
100.0
200.0
300.0
400.0
500.0
600.0
700.0
800.0
September 20 September 21 YTDFY21 YTDFY22
(BUs)
0.4
(21.3)
(5.7) (2.3) (8.0)
19.8
(30)
(20)
(10)
0
10
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30
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Coal Gas Hydro Nuclear Imports RES
(%)
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Power Plus
Exhibit 9: State-wise generation and demand scenario on a monthly basis
Source: CEA, HSIE Research
-2% -7%
-2%
1%
-28% -11%
3%
18%
-14%
-65%
-6% 17%
6%
80%
13%
26%
38%
10%
-5% 17%
1%
-11%
-10%
1% 4%
-3%
-5%
-3% 0%
12%
-2%
1%
11%
10%
31% 12%
9%
6% 8%
-3% 17%
0%
-80% -60% -40% -20% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Delhi
Haryana
HP
J&K
Punjab
Rajasthan
UP
Uttarakhand
Chhattisgarh
Gujarat
MP
Maharashtra
AP
Karnataka
Kerala
TN
Telangana
Bihar
Jharkhand
Orissa
WB
Demand growth YoY Generation growth YoY
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Power Plus
Company performance
NTPC’s power generation grew steeply by 10.4% YoY to 24.6bn units, with a
12.9% YoY rise at coal plants, which was partially offset by a 41.6% YoY decline
in generation at the gas-based plants. NTPC generation in Q2FY22 also increased
significantly by 9.4% YoY to 74.6bn units, led by 13.0% YoY rise in coal plants.
Generation, however, fell significantly at the Tata Power stations to 56.8% YoY in
Sep’21 and 40.5% YoY in Q2FY22 as rising international coal prices led to lower
generation (YoY) across the Mundra plant.
During Q2FY22, generation increased across NHPC (+2.9% YoY), while it
remained flat for CESC (+1% YoY). Generation declined across JSW Energy (-
12.8% YoY) in Q2FY22.
Exhibit 10: Company-wise generation
Company Capacity (MW) Generation
Sept'21 (GWH)
YoY % growth
(Sept'21)
Generation
YTDFY22
(GWH)
% Growth
(YTDFY22)
% coal PLF
(current
month)
% Gas PLF
(current
month)
% hydro PLF
(current
month)
NTPC 56,046 24,572 10.4 1,46,616 14.3 66 19 73
Tata Power 6,720 1,553 (56.8) 12,208 (38.1) 31 63 -
Reliance Power 5,760 2,892 (16.5) 19,168 (6.9) 69 - -
GMR 1,640 833 80.2 5,113 3.0 - 70 -
GVK 919 207 (11.5) 1,152 32.1 - 31 -
CESC 2,325 1,265 1.0 7,615 7.2 75 - -
Jindal 4,720 1,688 (10.9) 11,153 65.2 49 - -
Lanco 2,178 326 (35.9) 2,404 (20.6) 59 4 -
Adani 9,240 2,452 (47.5) 22,791 (2.1) 36 - -
JSW Energy 4,531 2,015 (12.8) 12,696 1.7 61 - -
GIPCL 660 248 26.6 1,393 (12.3) 68 0 -
Rattan India 2,700 652 NA 4,609 NA 33 - -
NHPC 5,121 2,931 2.9 17,061 (2.2) - - 74
SJVN 1,912 1,284 (1.1) 6,735 (4.9) - - 92
Source: CEA, HSIE Research
Exhibit 11: PLF declined across all segments, barring RES plants
Source: HSIE Research
54.3
24.1
78.4
56.6
16.0
53.8
19.0
76.6
52.5
16.9
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
Coal Gas Nuclear Hydro Renewables
PLF (%) September 20 September 21
Page | 6
Power Plus
Exhibit 12: PLF performance (YTDFY22) – coal, nuclear and RES reported an
improvement
Source: CEA, HSIE Research
Deficit: Deficits remained at lower levels during Sep’21.
Exhibit 13: Peak and base deficits for Sep’21
Source: CEA, HSIE Research
Exhibit 14: Region-wise base deficit and peak deficit
(Sep’21)
Region Base Deficit (%) Peak Deficit (%)
Northern region (0.6) (0.6)
Western region 0.0 0.0
Southern region 0.0 0.0
Eastern Region (0.5) 0.0
North Eastern region 0.0 0.0
All India (0.3) (0.2)
Source: CEA, HDFC Securities
Exhibit 15: Deficit status of eight major states (Sep’21)
Major deficit states Base Deficit (%) Peak Deficit (%)
J&K (7.2) (7.5)
Bihar (1.4) 0.0
AP (0.1) 0.0
Karnataka 0.0 0.0
UP (0.9) 0.0
Telangana 0.0 0.0
Tamil Nadu 0.0 (0.8)
Kerala 0.0 0.0
Source: CEA, HDFC Securities
Exhibit 16: Peak deficit and base deficit trend
Source: CEA, HSIE Research
54.2
22.7
38.0
70.7
17.0
57.8
19.4
45.8
72.3
20.1
0
20
40
60
80
Coal Gas Hydro Nuclear Renewables
% FY21 YTDFY22
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
Base Defict Peak Deficit
% deficit September-20 September-21
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
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(%) Base deficit Peak deficit
8.6.
Page | 7
Power Plus
Spot rates: Merchant rates increased significantly by 300% YoY to INR10.9/kWh in
Oct’21 due to rise in power demand and shortage in power supply, given the coal
crisis. However, prices are expected to normalise by the end of Oct’21, as Punjab,
Gujarat and Maharashtra have agreed to procure power from Tata’s Mundra station
at INR4.5-5.5/unit, which will lower their purchases from the exchange. Also, with
improved coal dispatches by CIL, the power generation across coal-based stations is
expected to improve, going ahead.
Exhibit 17: Spot exchange rate on IEX
Source: IEX, HSIE Research
Exhibit 18: Month-wise zonal IEX average price trend
Zone Oct'21 Oct'20 YoY (%) Sept'21 MoM (%)
A1 10.92 2.73 299.6 4.40 148.33
A2 10.92 2.73 299.6 4.40 148.33
E1 10.92 2.73 299.6 4.40 148.33
E2 10.92 2.73 299.6 4.40 148.33
N1 10.92 2.73 299.6 4.40 148.33
N2 10.92 2.73 299.6 4.40 148.33
N3 10.92 2.73 299.6 4.40 148.33
S1 10.92 2.74 298.3 4.40 148.33
S2 10.92 2.74 298.3 4.40 148.33
W1 10.92 2.73 299.6 4.40 148.33
W2 10.92 2.73 299.6 4.40 148.33
W3 10.92 2.73 299.6 4.40 148.33
MCP 10.92 2.74 299.2 4.40 148.33
Source: IEX, HSIE Research
2.5 2.4 2.6 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 3.2 3.4 3.8 3.7 2.8 3.1 2.9
5.1 4.4
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INR/Unit
A1 - Tripura, Meghalaya, Manipur,
Mizoram, Nagaland
A2 - Assam, Arunachal Pradesh
E1 - WB, Sikkim, Bihar, Jharkhand
E2 - Orissa
N1 - J&K, HP, Chandigarh, Haryana
N2 - UP, Uttaranchal, Rajasthan,
Delhi
N3 - Punjab
S1 - AP, Telangana, Karnataka,
Pondicherry (Yanam), South Goa
S2 - TN, Kerala, Pondicherry
(Puducherry), Pondicherry
(Karaikal), Pondicherry (Mahe)
W1 - MP
W2 - Maharashtra, Gujarat, Daman
and Diu, Dadra and Nagar
Haveli, North Goa
W3- Chhattisgarh
Page | 8
Power Plus
Fuel supply, prices: Coal production/dispatches to power stations increased by
3.1%/5.4 % YoY to 45.2 MT/52.9 MT in Sep’21, while it was up 10.1%/30.1% YoY
to 279.8MT/282.9MT in YTDFY22. The growth was led by improved fuel demand
from the power gencos and a low YoY base. MCL, which is the largest
contributor to CIL production, saw a 15.6% YoY rise in production to 12.2 MT in
Sep’21, while NCL, which is the second major contributor, saw a 3.2% YoY rise in
production to 9.6 MT.
The outstanding dues of power generators to CIL, as of Aug’21, declined to
INR183.3bn vs INR203.8bn in Jun’21.
Inventory at power stations deteriorated significantly in Oct’21 with as many as
112 stations facing subcritical levels of inventories (<7 days of coal stock) and 93
plants facing supercritical level of inventories (<4 days of coal stock). Low
operation of imported coal-based stations due to a steep rise in international coal
prices (+215% YoY to US$160/tonne), rise in freight cost, robust power demand
due to rise in temperature, arrival of festive season, supply restrictions by CIL to
~14GW of capacity for non-clearances for past dues and low coal inventory across
power stations during Sep’21 led to a 78% YoY decline in coal stocks across
power stations.
Exhibit 19: Number of power plants facing subcritical level of inventory (less than seven days)
Source: CEA, HSIE Research
As of Oct’21, coal stocks at 135 power plants decreased by 77.9% YoY to 7.5mn
tons (98.6% domestic and 1.4% imported). The share of imports has fallen from
4.8% in Jun’19, largely due to the steep rise in international coal prices.
Exhibit 20: Coal production and dispatch continue to rise in Sep’21
Source: Ministry of Coal, HSIE Research
International coal prices (RB Index 6,300 kcal) too skyrocketed to US$230/MT
(+300% YoY) in Oct’21 amidst increased procurement from Europe, US and China
on the back of a steep rise in RLNG prices and the onset of severe winter. The
HBA Index, on the other hand, also increased 216% YoY to US$162/ton in Oct’21.
The rise in international coal prices had led to low imports and curbs in power
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(No of Power Plants)
-40.0
-20.0
0.0
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-
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(%) (Mn Tonnes)
Coal production Coal dispatch to power sector
Coal Production Dispatch to Power
Page | 9
Power Plus
generation at the Mundra stations of Tata Power and Adani Power, which forced
Gujarat to procure expensive power from the spot market. However, recently,
Punjab, Gujarat and Maharashtra have agreed to procure power from the
Mundra station at a higher rate of INR4.5-5.5/unit, which should ease the
dependency on these states on spot market and, hence, bring down the spot rates.
Exhibit 21: International coal price trend (RB Index 6300 kcal) Oct’21
Source: HSIE Research
Exhibit 22: International coal price trend (Indonesian coal - HBA index) Oct’21
Source: HSIE Research
Coal imports declined by 52.3% YoY to 1.9 mn tonne in Aug’21 due to a steep rise in international coal prices and freight rates.
Exhibit 23: Non coking coal import by domestic power developers
Source: CEA, HSIE Research
There has been a rising trend in international freight charges for all routes since Jan’21, led by increased EXIM trade and higher demand for fuel in the country.
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($/tonne)
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Oct
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($/tonne)
4.1 3.9
3.4 3.1
4.3
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2.0 1.9
0.0
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1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
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Dec-20 Jan-21 Feb-21 Mar-21 Apr-21 May-21 Jun-21 Jul-21 Aug-21
Non - coking Coal Import (Mn Tonne)
Page | 10
Power Plus
Exhibit 24: Freight rates have been on a rising trend since Jan’21
Source: Elekore, HSIE Research
Capacity: In Sep’21, 900 MW of power capacities were added in the country (100 MW
hydro and 800 MW of RES capacity). YTD FY22, 6.6GW of net capacity has been
added into the system, with RES adding 7GW, hydro adding 303 MW and 705 MW of
thermal capacities have been retired. Currently, the pan-India installed capacity
stands at 389GW.
Exhibit 25: Current capacity fuel mix
Source: CEA, HSIE Research
Outstanding dues of discoms: The total outstanding amount, though improved post
the pandemic, was up only marginally on an MoM basis due to increased power
offtake.
Exhibit 26: Discoms outstanding dues towards gencos
Source: PRAAPTI, HSIE Research
Exhibit 27: Gas consumption by power sector (MMSCM/day)
Category Feb-21 Mar-21 Apr-21 May-21 Jun-21 Jul-21
RLNG 13 10 10 8 9 15
DOMESTIC 18 18 19 19 18 17
Total 31 28 29 27 27 32
Source: HSIE Research, Elekore
16 20
23 25 26 28 28
13 14 19 21 20 20 21
9 12 13 14 15 15 15 13 14
19 22 20 20 21
10 13 14 15 15 16 16
0
25
50
Jan-21 Feb-21 Mar-21 Apr-21 May-21 Jun-21 Jul-21
$/ton
Australia to India South Africa (RBCT) to India (West Coast)
Indonesia (Kalimantan) to India (East Coast) South Africa (RBCT) to India (East Coast)
Indonesia (Kalimantan) to India (West Coast)
53.8
6.4 1.7
12.0
26.1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Coal Gas Nuclear Hydro RES
(%)
262 231
463
921
1,323
905 799 832 883
954 995 988 936 956
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
FY
17
FY
18
FY
19
FY
20
Jan
'21
Feb
'21
Mar
'21
Ap
r'21
May
'21
Jun
'21
July
'21
Au
g'2
1
Sep
t'21
Oct
'21
Rs bn Dues (INR bn)
Page | 11
Power Plus
Exhibit 28: Real time market (RTM) volume trend
Source: Elekore, HSIE Research
Exhibit 29: Recent RES tender result
Winning developers Capacity won (MW) Fuel Date of issuance Date of issuance
of Tender
Final tariff
(INR/kWh)
ReNew Naveen Urja Pvt. Ltd. 300 2.69 Sep-21 Wind May-21
Green Infra Wind Energy Ltd. 180 2.69 Sep-21 Wind May-21
Anupavan Renewables Pvt. Ltd. 150 2.69 Sep-21 Wind May-21
Adani Renewable Energy Holding Fifteen Ltd. 450 2.7 Sep-21 Wind May-21
Azure Power India Pvt. Ltd. 120 2.7 Sep-21 Wind May-21
TP Saurya Limited 160 2.15 Aug-21 Solar Jan-20
TP Saurya Limited 170 2.14 Aug-21 Solar Jan-20
AlJomaih Energy and Water Co. 170 2.15 Aug-21 Solar Jan-20
Tata Power Solar Systems Ltd. 20 NA Aug-21 Solar Dec-20
SJVN Ltd. 200 3.11 Aug-21 Solar Dec-20
NTPC Ltd. 450 2.34 Aug-21 Solar Apr-21
NLC India Ltd. 150 2.34 Aug-21 Solar Apr-21
Project Ten Renewable Power Pvt. Ltd. 450 2.34 Aug-21 Solar Apr-21
Azure Power India Pvt. Ltd. 150 2.35 Aug-21 Solar Apr-21
Acme Solar Holdings Private Limited 300 2.42 Jul-21 Solar May-21
Source: HSIE Research, Elekore
Exhibit 30: Peer valuation table
Company CMP
(INR) RECO
TP
(INR)
P/BV (x) RoE (%) EV/EBITDA (x) Dividend yield (%) P/E (x)
FY21 FY22E FY23E FY21 FY22E FY23E FY21 FY22E FY23E FY21 FY22E FY23E FY21 FY22E FY23E
NTPC 149 Buy 143* 1.3 1.2 1.1 13.2 13.4 13.7 10.3 9.1 8.4 4.3 4.2 4.7 10.2 9.5 8.6
PGCIL 199 Buy 196* 1.4 1.7 1.6 17.9 17.3 16.8 6.9 7.1 6.8 6.0 5.7 6.1 8.4 10.5 9.9
NHPC 34 Add 29* 1.0 1.0 0.9 10.0 10.4 10.0 11.7 11.4 11.3 4.7 4.9 5.0 10.0 9.7 9.6
CESC 96 Buy 101 1.2 1.1 1.0 12.1 13.7 14.0 16.5 11.4 10.5 4.7 4.5 4.5 9.3 9.0 8.5
JSW
Energy 373 Sell 118 4.2 4.0 3.8 6.3 6.8 6.9 23.6 22.1 21.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 74.5 60.2 57.0
Tata
Power 231 Buy 156* 3.3 3.1 2.9 6.1 8.2 8.9 15.3 12.6 11.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 46.3 34.0 29.7
Torrent
Power 512 Add 511 2.4 2.2 2.0 13.4 15.1 15.5 8.9 7.5 7.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 19.1 14.5 13.4
Source: HSIE Research; * - Under Review
1363 1408 1411
1726 1596
1864 1842
1409 1456 1440
1726 1596
1862 1828
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
Mar-21 Apr-21 May-21 Jun-21 Jul-21 Aug-21 Sep-21
RTM volume (MUs)
Buyer Seller
Page | 12
Power Plus
Rating Criteria
BUY: >+15% return potential
ADD: +5% to +15% return potential
REDUCE: -10% to +5% return potential
SELL: >10% Downside return potential
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